CN112442779B - 一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 115
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 75
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- 241000168254 Siro Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920006306 polyurethane fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrethrin I Natural products CC(=CC1CC1C(=O)OC2CC(=O)C(=C2C)CC=C/C=C)C VQXSOUPNOZTNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrethrin Natural products CCC(=O)OC1CC(=C)C2CC3OC3(C)C2C2OC(=O)C(=C)C12 HYJYGLGUBUDSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N pyrethrin II Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](/C=C(\C)C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@@H]1C(C)=C(C\C=C/C=C)C(=O)C1 VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N chitotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)O[C@H](CO)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)N)[C@@H](CO)O1 RQFQJYYMBWVMQG-IXDPLRRUSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl(triethoxy)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)C=C FWDBOZPQNFPOLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)=C DCUFMVPCXCSVNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
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- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000000707 layer-by-layer assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 abstract description 5
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 4
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
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- 235000002899 Mentha suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GPNNOCMCNFXRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoterephthalic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC=C1C(O)=O GPNNOCMCNFXRAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010003399 Arthropod bite Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium lauryl sulfate Chemical group [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O BTBJBAZGXNKLQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCl FDRCDNZGSXJAFP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004729 solvothermal method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料及其制备方法。首先制得胍基化防蚊液,再将低聚倍半硅氧烷、金属有机框架复合并修饰氨基得载体,将载体混入粘胶纤维纺丝液制成改性粘胶纤维;本发明中的改性粘胶纤维上含有大量的胍基、氨基等阳离子基团,而改性精梳棉纤维上带有大量羧甲基、羟基等阴离子基团,使得改性精梳棉纤维对改性粘胶纤维具有较强的吸附力;将改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纱线,改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间通过静电自组装效应粘结在一起,制得的混纺纱线具有较好的耐拉伸抗断裂性能,抑菌抗菌效果好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及混纺面料技术领域,具体为一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高,人们对于织物的功能提出了越来越多的要求,当人们外出旅行时,时常会遭受到蚊虫叮咬的困扰,但是随身携带驱蚊液、杀虫剂等药剂又会加重旅行负担;旅行途中由于运动量较大,需要织物具有一定的吸湿透气性能,同时还要亲肤舒适,但是织物吸湿性过强则会造成衣物不能及时吹干,长时间穿着潮湿衣物不仅容易滋生细菌还会让人感到不舒服,引发感冒。
粘胶纤维是以天然纤维为原料,通过湿法纺丝技术以及一系列处理得到的纤维素纤维,粘胶纤维具有较强的吸湿性、透气性,手感顺滑,光洁柔软,价格便宜,穿着舒适,但是粘胶纤维存在不耐磨、容易起毛、弹性差、易断裂的缺点,从而限制其应用,其较强的吸水性容易造成粘胶纤维更容易滋生细菌和腐蚀,影响穿着感受。
因此人们亟需一种耐拉伸抗断裂,吸湿性适宜,防蚊抗菌的混纺面料及其制备方法来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料及其制备方法。
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料,各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性粘胶纤维80-100份、改性精梳棉纤维80-100份、聚氨酯纤维100-120份。
本发明中的改性粘胶纤维上含有大量的胍基、氨基等阳离子基团,而改性精梳棉纤维上带有大量羧甲基、羟基等阴离子基团,使得改性精梳棉纤维对改性粘胶纤维具有较强的吸附力;将改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纱线,改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间通过静电自组装效应粘结在一起,制得的混纺纱线拉伸强度和断裂伸长率有了明显改善。
进一步的,所述改性粘胶纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性防蚊液20-30份、载体30-50份、粘胶纤维纺丝液80-120份。
进一步的,所述改性防蚊液各原料组分如下:以重量份计,肼乙基壳寡糖60-70份、甘油20-30份、薄荷提取液15-20份、除虫菊酯20-25份、避蚊胺8-12份、乳化剂10-14份、尿素30-35份、硫酸二甲酯25-35份。所述乳化剂为十二烷基硫酸铵。
本发明中改性防蚊液主要成分均为天然成分,安全无毒,防蚊效果好;由于薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺等驱蚊成分挥发性较强,直接将其添加到面料中难以实现长效驱蚊的效果;本发明利用乳化剂将肼乙基壳寡糖、甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺在高速下进行乳化得到乳液,再利用尿素、硫酸二甲酯反应生成甲基化尿素,甲基化尿素与乳液发生亲核取代反应,得到胍基化乳液,即改性防蚊液;
本发明首先利用乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷在硝酸溶液中水解缩合形成乙烯基低聚倍半硅氧烷;再将氯化锆和2-氨基对苯二甲酸通过溶剂热反应生成金属有机框架,将金属有机框架再利用甲基丙烯酸酐进行修饰,在金属有机框架表面成功修饰上乙烯基;将乙烯基低聚倍半硅氧烷、乙烯基金属有机框架在偶氮二异丁腈的作用下进行共聚,乙烯基低聚倍半硅氧烷、乙烯基金属有机框架之间通过共价键键合在一起,最后再通过水合肼、乙二胺成功在其表面又修饰上部分氨基得到载体;
低聚倍半硅氧烷中含有Si-O-Si键,具有较强的机械性能,表面能较低,具有一定的疏水性;金属有机框架是一种由金属离子和离子簇构成的纳米多孔材料,具有较大的比表面积,但是机械性能不足,在潮湿环境下不稳定,使其应用受到限制;本发明制得的载体结合了低聚倍半硅氧烷一定的疏水性以及金属有机框架较大的比表面积,在其表面修饰上氨基并与粘胶纤维纺丝液混合制得改性粘胶纤维,载体能够降低改性粘胶纤维的吸水性;由于粘胶纤维中含有大量的羟基,直接将载体混入粘胶纤维中容易发生团聚现象,载体与粘胶纤维纺丝液相容性较差,对粘胶纤维的机械性能影响较大;本发明在载体上修饰上氨基,一方面可以提高载体在粘胶纤维纺丝液中的分散性,另一方面载体上的氨基可以与粘胶纤维纺丝液中的羟基反应,加强载体在粘胶纤维纺丝液中的相容性,提高改性粘胶纤维的力学性能;同时,氨基作为阳离子,还能与改性精梳棉纤维中的羟基反应,使得改性精梳棉纤维与改性粘胶纤维之间具有较强的界面结合力;利用改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维的协同作用,制备到的混纺纤维力学性能大大改善。
本发明使用低压条件尽可能排除粘胶纤维中载体内部的空气,当压力恢复到常压,该信你个防蚊液就会被大气压压入粘胶纤维上的载体中得到改性粘胶纤维;低压环境可以尽可能增大载体中改性防蚊液的负载量;
本发明中的改性防蚊液为胍基化的防蚊液,胍基带有正电荷,具有较强的杀菌抑菌能力将其引入防蚊液中制备得到的改性防蚊液不仅具有较好的防蚊功能,还具有较强的杀菌能力;胍基会与改性精梳棉之间发生静电自组装,改性防蚊液能够被有效固定在混纺纤维中而不易挥发流失,使得混纺面料的防蚊效果更加长效持久;
本发明改性防蚊液中特别添加的肼乙基壳寡糖、薄荷提取液具有一定的抗菌抑菌效果,薄荷提取液散发出的清新香气可以抑制混纺面料霉味、异味的产生,保持混纺面料持续散发清新味道,令人心情愉悦;
进一步的,所述载体各原料组分如下:以重量份计,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷70-80份、硝酸40-50份、二氯甲烷10-20份、氯化锆25-35份、甲基丙烯酸酐18-24份、三乙胺8-10份、三氯甲烷8-10份、偶氮二异丁腈18-24份、醋酸锌20-26份、水合肼10-20份、乙二胺10-16份。
进一步的,所述改性精梳棉纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,精梳棉纤维80-100份、氢氧化钠8-10份、氯乙酸铵10-16份。
本发明通过强碱将精梳棉纤维上的羟基活化,再通过氯乙酸钠于精梳棉纤维发生亲核取代反应,进而在精梳棉纤维上接枝上大量阴离子羧甲基,得到改性精梳棉。
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,高速分散得溶液A;
B.将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,恒温条件下搅拌,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌,重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆搅拌,置于高温高压条件下反应,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,边搅拌边加入溶液C,回流,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应,回流,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌,回流,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于低压环境下静置得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍,加入氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散,调节pH值,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
具体包括以下步骤;
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌反应30-50min,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,以1000-2000r/min转速高速分散15-25min得溶液A;
B.于45-55℃反应条件下,将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌反应2-4h,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,于55-65℃恒温条件下搅拌反应4-6h,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.于35-55℃恒温条件下,将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌反应5-10h,加入二氯甲烷进行重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆于200-500r/min搅拌反应35-55min,置于高温高压条件下反应20-40min,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,以10-30ml/min的添加速度,边搅拌边加入溶液C,于50-60℃温度条件下回流反应10-18h,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌反应10-20min,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应20-30min,于55-75℃条件下回流反应2-5h,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌反应20-40min后,于55-75℃条件下回流3-5h,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于低压环境下静置1-2h得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置1-2h,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍30-50min,加入氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散3-6h,于55-75℃反应条件下,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散2-5h,调节pH值为6-8,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
聚氨酯纤维具有一定的弹性,混纺纤维作为纬线,聚氨酯纤维作为经线,制得的混纺面料具有较强的抗断裂能力,力学性能更好,粘胶纤维、精梳棉纤维吸湿透气性较好,聚氨酯纤维力学性能较好,但是吸湿透气性能不足,利用聚氨酯纤维、粘胶纤维、精梳棉纤维的配合作用,制得的混纺面料吸湿、透气性、力学性能比较均衡,能够满足人们的需要。
进一步的,所述步骤S2.的B步骤中的高压条件为8.8-9.8MPa;高温条件为480-550℃。
进一步的,所述步骤S3.的步骤A中的低压环境为0.01-0.03MPa。
进一步的,所述步骤S4中氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为10-14%。
与现有技术相比,本发明所达到的有益效果是:首先制得胍基化防蚊液,再将低聚倍半硅氧烷、金属有机框架复合并修饰氨基得载体,将载体混入粘胶纤维纺丝液制成改性粘胶纤维;本发明中的改性粘胶纤维上含有大量的胍基、氨基等阳离子基团,而改性精梳棉纤维上带有大量羧甲基、羟基等阴离子基团,使得改性精梳棉纤维对改性粘胶纤维具有较强的吸附力;将改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纱线,改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间通过静电自组装效应粘结在一起,制得的混纺纱线制得的混纺纱线具有较好的耐拉伸抗断裂性能,抑菌抗菌效果好。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料,各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性粘胶纤维80份、改性精梳棉纤维80份、聚氨酯纤维100份。
改性粘胶纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性防蚊液20份、载体30份、粘胶纤维纺丝液80份。
改性防蚊液各原料组分如下:以重量份计,肼乙基壳寡糖60份、甘油20份、薄荷提取液15份、除虫菊酯20份、避蚊胺8份、乳化剂10份、尿素30份、硫酸二甲酯25份。载体各原料组分如下:以重量份计,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷70份、硝酸40份、二氯甲烷10份、氯化锆25份、甲基丙烯酸酐18份、三乙胺8份、三氯甲烷8份、偶氮二异丁腈18份、醋酸锌20份、水合肼10份、乙二胺10份。
改性精梳棉纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,精梳棉纤维80份、氢氧化钠8份、氯乙酸铵10份。
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌反应30min,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,以1000r/min转速高速分散15min得溶液A;
B.于45℃反应条件下,将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌反应2h,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,于55℃恒温条件下搅拌反应4h,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.于35℃恒温条件下,将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌反应5h,加入二氯甲烷进行重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆于200r/min搅拌反应35min,置于480℃高温以及8.8MPa高压条件下反应20min,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,以10ml/min的添加速度,边搅拌边加入溶液C,于50℃温度条件下回流反应10h,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌反应10min,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应20min,于55℃条件下回流反应2h,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌反应20min后,于55℃条件下回流3h,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于0.01MPa低压环境下静置1h得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置1h,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍30min,加入质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散3h,于55℃反应条件下,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散2h,调节pH值为6,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
实施例2
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料,各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性粘胶纤维90份、改性精梳棉纤维90份、聚氨酯纤维110份。
改性粘胶纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性防蚊液25份、载体40份、粘胶纤维纺丝液100份。
改性防蚊液各原料组分如下:以重量份计,肼乙基壳寡糖65份、甘油25份、薄荷提取液18份、除虫菊酯22份、避蚊胺10份、乳化剂12份、尿素33份、硫酸二甲酯30份。
载体各原料组分如下:以重量份计,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷75份、硝酸45份、二氯甲烷15份、氯化锆30份、甲基丙烯酸酐20份、三乙胺9份、三氯甲烷9份、偶氮二异丁腈20份、醋酸锌23份、水合肼15份、乙二胺13份。
改性精梳棉纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,精梳棉纤维90份、氢氧化钠9份、氯乙酸铵13份。
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌反应40min,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,以1500r/min转速高速分散20min得溶液A;
B.于50℃反应条件下,将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌反应3h,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,于60℃恒温条件下搅拌反应5h,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.于45℃恒温条件下,将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌反应8h,加入二氯甲烷进行重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆于300r/min搅拌反应45min,置于510℃高温以及9.0MPa高压条件下反应30min,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,以20ml/min的添加速度,边搅拌边加入溶液C,于55℃温度条件下回流反应15h,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌反应15min,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应25min,于65℃条件下回流反应3h,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌反应30min后,于65℃条件下回流4h,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于0.02MPa低压环境下静置1-2h得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置1.5h,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍40min,加入质量分数为12%的氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散4h,于65℃反应条件下,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散3.5h,调节pH值为7,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
实施例3
一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料,各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性粘胶纤维100份、改性精梳棉纤维100份、聚氨酯纤维120份。
改性粘胶纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性防蚊液30份、载体50份、粘胶纤维纺丝液120份。
改性防蚊液各原料组分如下:以重量份计,肼乙基壳寡糖70份、甘油30份、薄荷提取液20份、除虫菊酯25份、避蚊胺12份、乳化剂14份、尿素35份、硫酸二甲酯35份。
载体各原料组分如下:以重量份计,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷80份、硝酸50份、二氯甲烷20份、氯化锆35份、甲基丙烯酸酐24份、三乙胺10份、三氯甲烷10份、偶氮二异丁腈24份、醋酸锌26份、水合肼20份、乙二胺16份。
改性精梳棉纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,精梳棉纤维100份、氢氧化钠10份、氯乙酸铵16份。
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌反应50min,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,以2000r/min转速高速分散25min得溶液A;
B.于55℃反应条件下,将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌反应4h,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,于65℃恒温条件下搅拌反应6h,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.于55℃恒温条件下,将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌反应10h,加入二氯甲烷进行重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆于500r/min搅拌反应55min,置于550℃高温以及9.8MPa高压条件下反应40min,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,以30ml/min的添加速度,边搅拌边加入溶液C,于60℃温度条件下回流反应18h,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌反应20min,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应30min,于75℃条件下回流反应5h,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌反应40min后,于75℃条件下回流5h,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于0.03MPa低压环境下静置1-2h得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置2h,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍50min,加入质量分数为14%的氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散6h,于75℃反应条件下,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散5h,调节pH值为8,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
实验:
抗拉强度测试:参照GB/T3923.1-1997标准进行面料拉伸强度和断裂伸长率测试;
抗菌率测试:参照GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》测试混纺面料试样中金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率。
由表中数据可知,实施例1-3制得的混纺面料具有较强的力学性能,拉伸强度均在55MPa以上,断裂伸长率与普通粘胶纤维相比有了较大改善;对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均在95%以上,具有较强的抑菌能力。
实施例4
与实施例3的区别在于未对防蚊液进行胍基化改性,制备得到的混纺面料由于缺少胍基防蚊抑菌效果明显下降,同时改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间的粘结力大大降低,制得的混纺纤维力学性能有所下降。
实施例5
与实施例3的区别在于未将载体进行氨基修饰,制得的载体在粘胶纤维纺丝液中发生团聚现象,改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间的界面结合力有所下降,制得的改性粘胶纤维力学性能明显不足。
实施例6
与实施例3的区别在于为添加载体,而是直接将改性防蚊液混入粘胶纤维纺丝液中,制得的改性粘胶纤维由于改性防蚊液的加入使得粘胶纤维纺丝液在粘胶纤维中的比例下降,制得的该性粘胶纤维力学性能严重不足。
实施例7
与实施例3的区别在于未对精梳棉纤维进行改性,由于未在精梳棉纤维上修饰大量阴离子,使得精梳棉纤维无法与改性粘胶纤维之间界面结合力不足,对混纺纤维的力学性能影响较大,抗菌物质流失严重,混纺面料有所下降。
对比例:
将普通粘胶纤维、普通精梳棉纤维、聚氨酯纤维混纺得到的混纺面料,纤维之间界面结合力较差,抑菌性能不足。
通过以上数据和实验,我们可以得出以下结论:首先制得胍基化防蚊液,再将低聚倍半硅氧烷、金属有机框架复合并修饰氨基得载体,将载体混入粘胶纤维纺丝液制成改性粘胶纤维;本发明中的改性粘胶纤维上含有大量的胍基、氨基等阳离子基团,而改性精梳棉纤维上带有大量羧甲基、羟基等阴离子基团,使得改性精梳棉纤维对改性粘胶纤维具有较强的吸附力;将改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纱线,改性粘胶纤维与改性精梳棉纤维之间通过静电自组装效应粘结在一起,制得的混纺纱线具有较好的耐拉伸抗断裂性能,抑菌抗菌效果好。
本发明将最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料,其特征在于:所述混纺面料各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性粘胶纤维 80-100份、改性精梳棉纤维 80-100份、聚氨酯纤维 100-120份;
所述改性粘胶纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,改性防蚊液 20-30份、载体 30-50份、粘胶纤维纺丝液 80-120份;
所述改性防蚊液各原料组分如下:以重量份计,肼乙基壳寡糖 60-70份、甘油 20-30份、薄荷提取液 15-20份、除虫菊酯 20-25份、避蚊胺 8-12份、乳化剂 10-14份、尿素 30-35份、硫酸二甲酯 25-35份;
所述载体各原料组分如下:以重量份计,乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷 70-80份、硝酸 40-50份、二氯甲烷 10-20份、氯化锆 25-35份、甲基丙烯酸酐 18-24份、三乙胺 8-10份、三氯甲烷 8-10份、偶氮二异丁腈 18-24份、醋酸锌 20-26份、水合肼 10-20份、乙二胺 10-16份;
所述改性精梳棉纤维各原料组分如下:以重量份计,精梳棉纤维 80-100份、氢氧化钠8-10份、氯乙酸铵 10-16份;
所述耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料由以下方法制得:
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,高速分散得溶液A;
B.将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,恒温条件下搅拌,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌,重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆搅拌,置于高温高压条件下反应,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,边搅拌边加入溶液C,回流,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应,回流,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌,回流,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于低压环境下静置得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍,加入氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散,调节pH值,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料的制备方法,其特征在于,具体包括以下步骤;
S1.制备改性防蚊液:
A.将肼乙基壳寡糖置于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中溶解,搅拌反应30-50min,依次加入甘油、薄荷提取液、除虫菊酯、避蚊胺混合均匀,加入乳化剂,以1000-2000r/min转速高速分散15-25min得溶液A;
B.于45-55℃反应条件下,将尿素、硫酸二甲酯置于乙醇中搅拌反应2-4h,得溶液B;
C.将溶液A、溶液B混合,于55-65℃恒温条件下搅拌反应4-6h,得改性防蚊液;
S2.制备载体:
A.于35-55℃恒温条件下,将乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷置于丙酮中搅拌溶解,加入硝酸搅拌反应5-10h,加入二氯甲烷进行重结晶,真空干燥得到粉末A;
B.将冰醋酸、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合均匀,加入氯化锆于200-500r/min搅拌反应35-55min,置于高温高压条件下反应20-40min,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末B;
C.将甲基丙烯酸酐置于三乙胺溶液中搅拌溶解,得到溶液C;
D.将粉末B置于三氯甲烷中搅拌溶解,以10-30ml/min的添加速度,边搅拌边加入溶液C,于50-60℃温度条件下回流反应10-18h,离心洗涤真空干燥得到粉末C;
E.将粉末A、粉末C置于四氢呋喃中搅拌反应10-20min,加入偶氮二异丁腈,继续超声反应20-30min,于55-75℃条件下回流反应2-5h,蒸去溶剂,真空干燥得粉末D;
F.将粉末D置于醋酸锌中搅拌溶解,加入水合肼、乙二胺搅拌反应20-40min后,于55-75℃条件下回流3-5h,抽滤,洗涤干燥得到载体;
S3.制备改性粘胶纤维:
A.将载体置于粘胶纤维纺丝液中搅拌均匀并进行湿法纺丝,得到纤维A,将纤维A置于低压环境下静置1-2h得到纤维B;
B.将纤维B浸渍于改性防蚊液中,将压力恢复至常压,静置1-2h,取出烘干得到改性粘胶纤维;
S4.制备改性精梳棉:将精梳棉纤维置于去离子水中浸渍30-50min,加入氢氧化钠溶液,超声分散3-6h,于55-75℃反应条件下,加入氯乙酸铵,继续超声分散2-5h,调节pH值为6-8,洗涤干燥得改性精梳棉纤维;
S5.制备混纺面料:将改性精梳棉纤维、改性粘胶纤维通过赛络纺技术制成混纺纤维,以混纺纤维为纬线以聚氨酯纤维为经线织成混纺面料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2.的步骤B中的高压条件为8.8-9.8MPa;高温条件为480-550℃。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3.的步骤A中的低压环境为0.01-0.03MPa。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种耐拉伸抗断裂混纺面料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中氢氧化钠溶液的质量分数为10-14%。
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