CN112441809B - Preparation method of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete - Google Patents
Preparation method of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN112441809B CN112441809B CN202011434058.9A CN202011434058A CN112441809B CN 112441809 B CN112441809 B CN 112441809B CN 202011434058 A CN202011434058 A CN 202011434058A CN 112441809 B CN112441809 B CN 112441809B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete, which comprises the following steps of 1) soaking high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and polyethylene fibers in calcium hydroxide solution; step 2) dispersing nano-alumina in water uniformly by ultrasonic oscillation; step 3) dissolving a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium silicate solution, aluminum sulfate and a water reducing agent in the aqueous solution prepared in the step 2); step 4), weighing and uniformly stirring superfine lithium slag powder, stone powder waste, portland cement, nickel slag sand, copper slag sand and a thickening agent; and 5) adding the aqueous solution prepared in the step 3) into the material prepared in the step 4) for stirring, and uniformly adding the fibers prepared in the step 1) in the stirring process for 2-5 minutes. The invention effectively solves the problems of large cement consumption and poor durability of the existing common ultrahigh-performance shotcrete.
Description
Description of the cases
The invention relates to divisional application with application date of 2018, 12 and 17, application number of 201811538706.8 and invented name of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete and a preparation method thereof.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a preparation method of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete.
Background
The sprayed concrete is a quick construction material which is prepared by mixing stones, sand, water, admixture and admixture according to a preset mixing ratio by using a concrete spraying machine and taking compressed air as power and directly spraying the mixture to a surface to be sprayed through a hose or a pipeline. Compared with the pouring concrete, the sprayed concrete has the characteristics of quick final setting time, high early strength, convenient and flexible construction and the like, and is mainly applied to construction environments in which concrete is difficult to pour and form, such as tunnels, mines, underground projects, side slopes and the like. In recent years, along with the aging period of a large number of buildings in China, the large number of buildings need to be reformed, repaired and reinforced, the sprayed concrete has been more and more emphasized as a reinforced repairing material, and particularly in the aspect of military first-aid repair and rush construction, the sprayed concrete also has a very wide application prospect. However, the existing shotcrete for rush repair and rush construction has the problems of relatively low early strength, low later strength, relatively poor toughness, large and easy cracking of later drying shrinkage, high porosity, poor durability and environmental adaptability and the like.
In order to solve the problem, in patent 201410394916.X, ordinary portland cement, aluminate cement, water, fine aggregate, fly ash, silica fume, metakaolin, redispersible latex powder, modified bentonite, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, a polycarboxylic acid water reducer and polyvinyl alcohol fiber are adopted to prepare the ultrahigh-toughness cement-based composite material capable of being used for spraying.
However, since the setting time of the common concrete is long, the setting time required by the sprayed concrete is short, the initial setting time is generally less than 3 minutes, and the final setting time is less than 8 minutes, in order to achieve the purpose, the coagulant is often accelerated in the sprayed concrete, so that the setting time of the common concrete is shortened from several hours to several minutes, the whole hydration process of the cement concrete is changed, the porosity of the concrete is improved, the durability of the concrete is not facilitated, particularly, the later strength of the concrete is reduced, and the durability of a reinforcing material in a reinforcing project is high. And in order to ensure that the sprayed concrete has lower resilience (the resilience mainly refers to the resilience of the aggregate, water or the mixed concrete sprayed to a reinforced project in the concrete spraying process, and because the concrete cannot be timely condensed, the partially dropped concrete is the resilience of the sprayed concrete), the cement consumption is very high, and the cement consumption of each concrete reaches 450-480 kg.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete and the preparation method thereof, and effectively solves the problems of large cement consumption and poor durability of the conventional common ultrahigh-toughness shotcrete.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete is characterized in that: the sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200-400 parts of superfine lithium slag powder; 100-200 parts of slag powder; 50-100 parts of stone powder waste; 30-60 parts of Portland cement; 10-70 parts of a sodium hydroxide solution; 15-50 parts of a sodium silicate solution; 1-10 parts of aluminum sulfate; 1-5 parts of nano aluminum oxide; 400-900 parts of nickel slag sand; 300-600 parts of copper slag sand; 3-6 parts of a thickening agent; 1-20 parts of fiber; 3-10 parts of a water reducing agent; 200-350 parts of water;
wherein the stone powder waste material is cutting stone powder waste material of stone factory, and the portland cement is ordinary portland cement.
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the specific surface area of the superfine lithium slag powder is 600-800 m2/kg。
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the particle size range of the nickel slag sand is 5-10 mm, and the particle size of the copper slag sand is less than 5 mm.
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the thickening agent is one or more of wheat, corn, straw and reed plant fiber powder.
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the fiber is one or two of high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyethylene fiber.
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the tensile strength of the high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the polyethylene fibers is more than 2000MPa, and the ultimate elongation is more than 7%.
The invention further adopts the technical improvement scheme that:
the high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the polyethylene fibers are soaked in 0.001-0.02 mol/L calcium hydroxide solution for 0.5-3 hours before use.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete comprises the following steps,
step 1) soaking high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and polyethylene fibers in a calcium hydroxide solution;
step 2) dispersing nano-alumina in water uniformly by ultrasonic oscillation;
step 3) dissolving a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium silicate solution, aluminum sulfate and a water reducing agent in the aqueous solution prepared in the step 2);
step 4), weighing superfine lithium slag powder, stone powder waste, portland cement, nickel slag sand, copper slag sand and a thickening agent according to a proportion, and uniformly stirring;
and 5) adding the water solution prepared in the step 3) into the material prepared in the step 4) for stirring, and uniformly adding the fibers prepared in the step 1) in the stirring process for 2-5 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious advantages:
1. the lithium slag adopted by the invention has high grindability, and after the lithium slag is subjected to superfine grinding, the spodumene defects in the lithium slag are increased, and the activity is improved.
2. The invention adopts industrial wastes such as lithium slag, cutting stone powder waste of stone factories, nickel slag sand, copper slag sand and the like, and reduces the consumption of cement and natural sandstone.
3. The alkali-activated setting time adopted by the invention is relatively short, the setting time of alkali-activated cement can be further adjusted by the existence of aluminum sulfate and nano-alumina, and the stone powder waste materials cut by stone factories can be used for adjusting the setting time of sprayed concrete and increasing the consistency of slurry.
4. The plant fiber adopted by the invention has wide sources, is a natural thickener, can adjust the consistency of slurry, and can increase the toughness of sprayed concrete.
5. The existence of the nano aluminum oxide and the aluminum sulfate adopted by the invention is beneficial to adjusting Al in the lithium-containing slag system gelled material2O3With SO3The proportion of (a) to (b) avoids cracking of the cementitious material containing the lithium slag.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described with reference to examples 1 to 4.
The preparation methods of examples 1 to 3 are the same as follows:
step 1) soaking high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and polyethylene fibers in a calcium hydroxide solution;
step 2) dispersing nano-alumina in water uniformly by ultrasonic oscillation;
step 3) dissolving a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium silicate solution, aluminum sulfate and a water reducing agent in the aqueous solution prepared in the step 2);
step 4), weighing superfine lithium slag powder, stone powder waste, portland cement, nickel slag sand, copper slag sand and a thickening agent according to a proportion, and uniformly stirring;
and 5) adding the water solution prepared in the step 3) into the material prepared in the step 4) for stirring, and uniformly adding the fibers prepared in the step 1) in the stirring process for 2-5 minutes.
Example 1
The sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 600 m2400 parts of lithium slag powder per kg, 100 parts of slag powder, 50 parts of stone powder waste materials cut by stone factories, 60 parts of ordinary portland cement, 10 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 50 parts of sodium silicate solution, 1 part of aluminum sulfate, 5 parts of nano-alumina, 900 parts of nickel slag sand, 600 parts of copper slag sand, 3 parts of wheat straw plant fiber powder, 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol fiber and 3 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent; 350 parts of water.
Example 2
The sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 800m2200 parts of superfine lithium slag powder per kg, 200 parts of slag powder, 100 parts of stone powder waste materials cut by stone factories, 30 parts of ordinary portland cement, 70 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 15 parts of sodium silicate solution, 10 parts of aluminum sulfate, 1 part of nano-alumina, 400 parts of nickel slag sand, 300 parts of copper slag sand, 6 parts of corn straw plant fiber powder, 10 parts of polyethylene fiber, 10 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 200 parts of water.
Example 3
The sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 700 m2300 parts of superfine lithium slag powder per kg, 100 parts of slag powder, 60 parts of stone powder waste materials cut by stone factories, 50 parts of ordinary portland cement, 32 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 46 parts of sodium silicate solution, 5 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3 parts of nano-alumina, 800 parts of nickel slag sand, 500 parts of copper slag sand, 5 parts of straw plant fiber powder, 10 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 10 parts of polyethylene fiber, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 300 parts of water.
Example 4
The sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 650m2350 parts of superfine lithium slag powder per kg, 120 parts of slag powder, 70 parts of stone powder waste materials cut by stone factories, 50 parts of ordinary portland cement, 20 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 40 parts of sodium silicate solution, 6 parts of aluminum sulfate, 3 parts of nano aluminum oxide, 900 parts of nickel slag sand, 600 parts of copper slag sand, 5 parts of reed plant fiber powder, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol fiber, 8 parts of polyethylene fiber, 5 parts of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and 300 parts of water.
Comparative example
The evaluation indexes of the sprayed concrete performance are executed according to the technical specification for sprayed concrete reinforcement (CECS 161-2004), and the tests of the concrete mechanical performance and the durability are executed according to the general concrete mechanical test method (GB/T50081-2002) and the general concrete long-term performance and durability test method standard (GB/T50082-2009). The proportion of the common ultrahigh-toughness sprayed concrete in the comparative example is as follows: 52.5 parts of cement 450 parts, silica fume 45 parts, medium sand 800 parts, stones 700, cellulose ether thickening agent 10 parts, calcium sulphoaluminate accelerating agent 10 parts, polyvinyl alcohol fiber 20 parts, polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent 5 parts and water 180 parts.
The main performance indexes of the comparative example and examples 1-4 are shown in the following table.
Through comparison, the common ultrahigh-toughness shotcrete with the same strength grade is compared with the ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete of the invention: the invention has lower rebound rate and durability far higher than that of common ultrahigh-toughness sprayed concrete.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sprayed concrete comprises the following components in parts by mass: 200-400 parts of superfine lithium slag powder; 100-200 parts of slag powder; 50-100 parts of stone powder waste; 30-60 parts of Portland cement; 10-70 parts of a sodium hydroxide solution; 15-50 parts of a sodium silicate solution; 1-10 parts of aluminum sulfate; 1-5 parts of nano aluminum oxide; 400-900 parts of nickel slag sand; 300-600 parts of copper slag sand; 3-6 parts of a thickening agent; 1-20 parts of fiber; 3-10 parts of a water reducing agent; 200-350 parts of water;
the thickening agent is one or more of wheat, corn, straw and reed plant fiber powder;
the fiber is one or two of high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyethylene fiber;
before use, the high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the polyethylene fibers need to be soaked in 0.001-0.02 mol/L calcium hydroxide solution for 0.5-3 hours;
the preparation method is as follows,
step 1) soaking high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and polyethylene fibers in a calcium hydroxide solution;
step 2) dispersing nano-alumina in water uniformly by ultrasonic oscillation;
step 3) dissolving a sodium hydroxide solution, a sodium silicate solution, aluminum sulfate and a water reducing agent in the aqueous solution prepared in the step 2);
step 4), weighing superfine lithium slag powder, stone powder waste, portland cement, nickel slag sand, copper slag sand and a thickening agent according to a proportion, and uniformly stirring;
and 5) adding the aqueous solution prepared in the step 3) into the material prepared in the step 4) for stirring, and uniformly adding the fibers prepared in the step 1) in the stirring process for 2-5 minutes.
2. The preparation method of the ultra-high toughness alkali-activated shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the superfine lithium slag powder is 600-800 m2/kg。
3. The preparation method of the ultra-high toughness alkali-activated shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size range of the nickel slag sand is 5-10 mm, and the particle size of the copper slag sand is less than 5 mm.
4. The preparation method of the ultra-high toughness alkali-activated shotcrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the tensile strength of the high-strength or ultrahigh-strength polyvinyl alcohol fibers and the polyethylene fibers is more than 2000MPa, and the ultimate elongation is more than 7%.
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| CN114477871B (en) * | 2022-02-08 | 2022-10-18 | 深圳市深建混凝土有限公司 | Ultrahigh-toughness alkali-activated shotcrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112441809A (en) | 2021-03-05 |
| CN109503103B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
| CN109503103A (en) | 2019-03-22 |
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