A kind of Desulfurization gypsum concrete
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Desulfurization gypsum concrete, belong to technical field of concrete.
Background technology
Solid waste desulfurated plaster and other solid waste reuse ratio at home of power plants generating electricity generation are still limited, and existing support of underground tunnel material mainly adopts C15 and C20 concrete, gelling material in concrete generally adopts cement, and its shortcoming is:
1, cement-base concrete is due to problems such as cohesive force are poor, rebound degree is high, drops in a large number, can produce significant wastage (waste is greater than 30%) during injection;
2, cement-base concrete is comparatively slow for time of coagulation, and intensity goes up slowly, long construction period, reduces final strength as added accelerating chemicals, and limited efficiency;
3, cement is comparatively large at hydration process drying shrinkage, causes concrete easily to ftracture;
4, the folding strength of cement is lower, backfin ratio is large, causes the feature that it easily ftractures;
5, cement belongs to high energy consumption, maximum discharge industrial goods (calcining temperature is more than 1000 DEG C), and reducing use can significantly save energy, and emissions reduction, has very favorable impact to environment and the energy.
Summary of the invention
To be solved by this invention is the problem that solid waste recycles and existing support of underground tunnel waste of material is large, time of coagulation is slow, shrinkage is large, folding strength is low.
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides a kind of Desulfurization gypsum concrete, it is characterized in that, comprising volume ratio is 1: (1.5-2): (1.5-2): the masterbatch of (0.3-0.4), sand, chicken girt, water;
Wherein, masterbatch comprises with the component of weight parts as follows:
Desulphurization building gypsum 300-950 weight part;
Slag powders 0-600 weight part;
Cement 50-100 weight part;
Retardant 0-0.5 weight part;
Preferably, described masterbatch comprises with the component of weight parts as follows:
Desulphurization building gypsum 300-900 weight part;
Slag powders 0-600 weight part;
Cement 100 weight part;
Defoamer 1.5 weight part;
Retardant 0-0.5 weight part;
Ether of cellulose 1-2 weight part.
Preferably, described masterbatch comprises with the component of weight parts as follows:
Desulphurization building gypsum 300-900 weight part;
Slag powders 0-600 weight part;
Cement 100 weight part;
Alum 0.2 weight part;
Defoamer 1.5 weight part;
Retardant 0.5 weight part;
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder 1-6 weight part;
Ether of cellulose 1-2 weight part.
Preferably, described masterbatch comprises with the component of weight parts as follows:
Desulphurization building gypsum 300-900 weight part;
Slag powders 0-600 weight part;
Cement 100 weight part;
Alum 0.2 weight part;
Defoamer 1.5 weight part;
Polypropylene fibre 1 weight part;
Retardant 0.5 weight part;
Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid 1-5 weight part;
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder 1-6 weight part;
Ether of cellulose 1-2 weight part.
Preferably, described cement is 525 ordinary Portland cements.
Preferably, described desulphurization building gypsum obtains by the following method: after being dried at 75 DEG C by power plant desulfurization gypsum, calcines 2 hours at 150 DEG C; Then 200 orders are ground to; Ageing 7 days after cooling.
Preferably, described slag powders is the S95 GBFS that Baosteel is produced.
Preferably, described defoamer is the P803 powder defoamer that German bright icepro Chemical Group is produced.
Preferably, described retardant is the Retardan P retardant that German TRICOSAL company produces.
Preferably, described ether of cellulose is the MECELLOSEPMC-15US that Korea S's Samsung chemical company is produced.
Power plant desulfurization gypsum adopts tail drying with steam and the calcining of power plants generating electricity, has accomplished " zero release " while ensureing desulfurated plaster performance.
Cement is 525 ordinary Portland cements preferably, improve comparatively large, improve the water resistance of material simultaneously to gelling material ultimate compression strength performance.
Slag powders is excited by the calcium hydroxide in cement, generate C-S-H gel on the one hand, a certain amount of ettringite is generated on the one hand with dihydrate gypsum, also generate a small amount of hard afwillite simultaneously, the later stage ultimate compression strength of composite gelled material and water tolerance are increased substantially, make use of Metallurgical Factory simultaneously and produce the waste produced.
The salt admixtures such as alum can improve desulfurated plaster aquation intensity, it can generate unstable double salt at desulfurated plaster particle surface and then decompose the moisture salt of generation and dihydrate gypsum again, this decomposition reaction impels the surface of desulfurated plaster particle constantly to generate dihydrate gypsum, and the continuous crystallization of dihydrate gypsum, slurry is just made to form the dihydrate gypsum crystalline texture net closely interweaved, cause hydration and hardening, produce intensity.
Defoamer is bright the icepros P803 powder art defoamer of Germany preferably, a certain amount ofly mixes the bubble can eliminated the additive such as water reducer, rubber powder fast and introduce, the concrete intensity of final raising.
Polypropylene fibre can improve concrete rupture strength to a certain extent.
German TRICOSAL Retardan P selected by retardant, and retarding effect is good, low to intensity effect, the time of coagulation of adjustable concrete.
Three auspicious G15 polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer for gypsums selected by water reducer, and be characterized in good to gypsum dispersion effect, water-reducing rate is high, increases substantially concrete final strength.
Redispersible latex powder selects the VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder SWF-07 of Shanxi three-dimensional, can improve concrete bonding performance, reduce the huge waste in course of injection, improve concrete folding strength simultaneously.In addition, the tertiary carbon base hydrophobic group in monomer whose VeoVa molecule, can increase substantially concrete water tolerance and weathering resistance.
The MECELLOSE PMC-15US that ether of cellulose selects Korea S's Samsung chemical company to produce can improve adhesive property, reduces rebound degree, improves water retention property.
The present invention can substitute the cement in present underground Rock Workings Support material, adopts desulfurized gypsum base composite gelled material, is equipped with sand and stone, for Rock Workings Support.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, response country is about the policy regulations of energy-saving and emission-reduction, compare the cement that high-temperature calcination goes out, we reclaim and employ thermal power plant's generating generation solid waste desulfurated plaster, and the tail drying with steam utilizing power plants generating electricity to produce and calcining desulfurated plaster, really accomplish the comprehensive recycling of waste resource, achieve the target of " zero release ";
2, compare cement, desulphurization building gypsum calcining temperature is low, energy-saving and emission-reduction;
3, while not using any accelerating chemicals, there is very fast set time fast, increased substantially operating efficiency, reduce construction period, eliminate the reduction of final strength;
4, viscosifying power of whitewashing is strong, and rebound degree is low, and significantly cut the waste (reducing within 5% from more than 35%), saved resource and cost;
5, because gypsum aquation is not shunk, reduce the possibility of cracks in solidification process, simultaneously due to its higher force of cohesion and bonding force, its tensile strength, anti-shearing and crack resistance all increase;
6, use simply, in the course of injection of tunnel, method is the same with cement-base concrete, is convenient to promote.
Embodiment
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with preferred embodiment, be described in detail below.
Power plant desulfurization gypsum in embodiment 1-6 is that Shanghai pit hole mouth power plant produces two water desulfurated plasters; Cement adopts 525 ordinary Portland cements; Defoamer adopts the bright icepro P803 powder defoamer of Germany; Polypropylene fibre adopts commercially available the reinforcement of concrete polypropylene fibre; Retardant adopts German TRICOSAL Retardan P; Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid adopts three auspicious G15 water reducers; VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder adopts the SWF-07 of Shanxi three-dimensional; The MECELLOSEPMC-15US that ether of cellulose adopts Korea S's Samsung chemical company to produce; The S95 GBFS that slag powders adopts Baosteel to produce.
In embodiment 1-6, the preparation method of desulphurization building gypsum is: the tail steam that power plants generating electricity produces is after just power plant desulfurization gypsum is dried at 75 DEG C, calcining 2 hours at 150 DEG C; Then 200 orders are ground to; Ageing 7 days after cooling.
Embodiment 1
1, master batch formulation
Table 1
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 2
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
5.7 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
26.1 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.86 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
Masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.4, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 3
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
6.1 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
14 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
20.7 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
1.78 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
1.39 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
14.9 |
Embodiment 2
1, master batch formulation
Table 4
Desulphurization building gypsum |
600 weight parts |
Slag powders |
300 weight parts |
Cement |
100 weight parts |
Alum |
0.2 weight part |
Defoamer |
1.5 weight part |
Retardant |
0.5 weight part |
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder |
1 weight part |
Ether of cellulose |
1 weight part |
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 5
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
6.4 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
28.3 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.89 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
Masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.38, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 6
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
7.1 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
16 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
22.1 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
1.82 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
1.62 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
15.7 |
Embodiment 3
1, master batch formulation
Table 7
Desulphurization building gypsum |
500 weight parts |
Slag powders |
400 weight parts |
Cement |
100 weight parts |
Alum |
0.2 weight part |
Defoamer |
1.5 weight part |
Polypropylene fibre |
1 weight part |
Retardant |
0.5 weight part |
Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
1 weight part |
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder |
2 weight parts |
Ether of cellulose |
1.5 weight part |
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 8
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
7 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
30.8 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.91 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
Masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.36, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 9
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
8.7 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
19 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
25 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
2.08 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
1.85 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
17.2 |
Embodiment 4
1, master batch formulation
Table 10
Desulphurization building gypsum |
700 weight parts |
Slag powders |
200 weight parts |
Cement |
100 weight parts |
Alum |
0.2 weight part |
Defoamer |
1.5 weight part |
Polypropylene fibre |
1 weight part |
Retardant |
0.5 weight part |
Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
2.5 weight part |
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder |
4 weight parts |
Ether of cellulose |
1.8 weight part |
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 11
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
9 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
31.5 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.91 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
(1) masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.33, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 12
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
9.6 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
24.4 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
31.7 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
2.46 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
2.15 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
24.1 |
(2) masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 2: 2: 0.4, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 13
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
6.7 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
16 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
22.4 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
1.77 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
1.71 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
15.4 |
Embodiment 5
1, master batch formulation
Table 14
Desulphurization building gypsum |
800 weight parts |
Slag powders |
100 weight parts |
Cement |
100 weight parts |
Alum |
0.2 weight part |
Defoamer |
1.5 weight part |
Polypropylene fibre |
1 weight part |
Retardant |
0.5 weight part |
Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
5 weight parts |
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder |
6 weight parts |
Ether of cellulose |
2 weight parts |
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 15
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
11.8 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
34.2 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.96 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
Masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.7: 1.7: 0.31, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 16
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
8.2 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
19.2 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
26.7 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
2.37 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
2.09 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
19.8 |
Embodiment 6
1, master batch formulation
Table 17
Desulphurization building gypsum |
900 weight parts |
Cement |
100 weight parts |
Alum |
0.2 weight part |
Defoamer |
1.5 weight part |
Polypropylene fibre |
1 weight part |
Retardant |
0.5 weight part |
Gypsum high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid |
3.5 weight part |
VAC/VeoVa copoly type redispersible latex powder |
5 weight parts |
Ether of cellulose |
2 weight parts |
Masterbatch is prepared rear mixing by above-mentioned formula, stirs.Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 18
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
10.7 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
35 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.84 |
2, Desulfurization gypsum concrete is prepared
Masterbatch, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than 2.5 chicken girt and water with the volume ratio mixing of 1: 1.5: 1.5: 0.34, stir.
Obtained gypsum sprayed concrete is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Table 19
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
14.7 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
23.4 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
27.8 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
2.13 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
2.17 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
25.9 |
Comparative example 1
1, master batch formulation
Table 20
Common 425 silicate cements |
1000 weight parts |
Test its performance, testing data is as follows:
Table 21
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
14 days folding strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
4.7 |
14 days ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T17671-1999 |
27.3 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening |
|
0.81 |
Ultimate compression strength coefficient of softening testing method in embodiment 1-6 and comparative example: be fully immersed in the water of 20 DEG C ± 5 DEG C by being used for the test block of test 14 days ultimate compression strength, take out from water after 48h, wipe test block surface moisture, measure its ultimate compression strength, coefficient of softening K=f0/f1, wherein f0 is 14 days ultimate compression strength, and f1 is soaked rear ultimate compression strength.
2, underground passage ejection supporting material is prepared
Cement, medium sand, fineness modulus are greater than the chicken girt of 2.5 to mix with water (water cement ratio is for 0.45), accelerating chemicals (usage quantity is 3% of weight after water ash mixes) after the volume ratio mixing of 1: 2: 2, stir.
Obtained underground passage ejection supporting material is carried out performance test, and testing data is as follows:
Performance perameter |
Testing standard |
Test result |
4h normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
4.7 |
3 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
10.4 |
28 days normal curing ultimate compression strength/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
20.3 |
28 days normal curing axial tensile strength standard value/Mpa |
|
1.55 |
28 days and country rock bonding strength/Mpa |
GB50086-2001 |
0.81 |
28 days normal curing axial compressive strength standard value/Mpa |
GB/T50081-2002 |
13.5 |
Embodiment 1-6 and comparative example axis tensile strength testing method: build the prism test specimen of shaping 100mm × 100mm × 500mm with punching block by being embedded in the reinforcing bar at test specimen axis two ends, apply uniform tension to test specimen, average tensile stress when test specimen destroys is concrete axial tensile strength.
When the gypsum sprayed concrete that embodiment 1-6 provides uses, adopt dry shotcreting method, stirred after masterbatch produced by tower by proportioning dry powder blend by various raw material and be transported to scene, shotcrete machine automatically by after masterbatch, sand and stone mix and blend, can mix water at nozzle and is sprayed on tunnel inwall at the scene.
From experimental result, embodiment 1-6 indices is all better than comparative example:
1, due to the raising of adhesive property and the increase of slurry content, considerably reduces rebound degree, reduces a large amount of wastes;
2 make use of desulfurated plaster and breeze in a large number, accelerate the consumption of industry byproduct and solid waste, simultaneously because the tail steam calcination utilizing power plants generating electricity to produce and oven dry, accomplish energy-conservation, reduction of discharging, environmental protection;
3 reach ultimate compression strength while, increased substantially bonding, tensile strength, water resistance;
4 higher backfin ratios improve resistance to cleavage;
5 rise comparatively fast due to early stage and later stage ultimate compression strength, when not using accelerating chemicals, do not shorten construction period to sacrifice later stage concrete strength for when cost.