CN112433245B - Coal mine fault structure prediction and forecast method - Google Patents
Coal mine fault structure prediction and forecast method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112433245B CN112433245B CN202011217115.8A CN202011217115A CN112433245B CN 112433245 B CN112433245 B CN 112433245B CN 202011217115 A CN202011217115 A CN 202011217115A CN 112433245 B CN112433245 B CN 112433245B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012854 evaluation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
- G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
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- G01V1/01—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/306—Analysis for determining physical properties of the subsurface, e.g. impedance, porosity or attenuation profiles
Abstract
The invention discloses a prediction and forecast method for a fault structure of a coal mine, which is characterized in that a stress abnormal region occurring in a roadway tunneling process is subjected to seismic wave CT detection, the development condition of the fault structure is deduced through analyzing stress distribution and longitudinal wave speed abnormal characteristics, then a trough wave seismic detection method is adopted to invert the geological structure of the detected abnormal stress region, a trough wave seismic inversion result and a seismic wave CT inference result are mutually verified, the fault position can be judged, subjective differences caused by multiple solutions and experience of a single geophysical detection method are overcome, and the prediction result is more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mine engineering and advanced geological prediction, and particularly relates to a coal mine fault structure prediction and forecast method.
Background
Stress abnormal areas exist near a fault structure of a coal mine generally, and rock burst is extremely easy to induce. In order to accurately provide fault special geological information, the roadway tunneling risk is reduced, and advanced geological forecasting work is very important. The application of the current advanced geological prediction method tends to be mature, but the accuracy of the single-method prediction result is often limited to a certain extent due to the multi-resolvability of the geophysical prospecting method, the applicability of different geophysical prospecting methods, subjective differences caused by experience during test data interpretation and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coal mine fault structure prediction method, which solves the problem of low result accuracy caused by multi-resolution and subjective difference in the existing prediction method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the coal mine fault structure prediction method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, adopting a seismic wave CT detection for a stress abnormal region in a roadway tunneling process, and deducing a fault region by analyzing stress distribution and longitudinal wave speed abnormal characteristics;
step 2, inversion geological structure is carried out on the stress abnormal region detected in the step 1 by adopting a groove wave seismic detection method, and fault development condition is detected again;
and 3, comparing and analyzing the fault development condition detected in the step 2 with the inferred fault area in the step 1, and judging the fault position.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
step 1.1, arranging a first trigger end on one side of a roadway in a stress abnormal region, arranging a first receiving end on the other side of the roadway, wherein the first trigger end is a vibration gun and is perpendicular to roadway side construction blast holes, all the blast holes are positioned on the same plane, the first receiving end is provided with a first anchor rod, and a PASAT detector is arranged at a screw of the first anchor rod;
step 1.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at a first excitation end according to the sequence of a roadway from inside to outside, and receiving vibration waves at a first receiving end;
and 1.3, analyzing the signals received in the step 1.2 by PASAT-RHA software to obtain a stress distribution diagram and an impact risk index distribution diagram, and evaluating the impact risk of the surrounding rock by using the vibration wave velocity.
In the step 1.1, the distance between adjacent first excitation ends is 6m, the distance between adjacent first receiving ends is 18m, and the detection area along the longitudinal direction of the roadway is not lower than 200m; the depth of the blast hole is 2m, the aperture is 42mm, and the explosive amount of each blast hole is 200g; the diameter of the first anchor rod is 200mm.
Introducing a wave speed abnormal coefficient in the evaluation process of the step 1.3, wherein the wave speed abnormal coefficient is conceptually as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,the unit is m/ms which is the average value of the longitudinal wave velocity of surrounding rock in a measuring area; />The unit is m/ms for the limit longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area; v (V) P The unit is m/ms for the longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area;
the abnormal wave velocity coefficient is the ratio of the abnormal wave velocity value to the maximum abnormal wave velocity value, if the AC is a positive value, the rock stratum at the position is possibly in a stress concentration state, and the larger the value is, the greater the possibility of impact damage is; if the AC is negative, the AC can be regarded as no impact risk, and is interpreted as a stress release area or a geological fracture zone, and the wave velocity gradient difference exists at the edge of the no impact risk area, the existence of the fault area is primarily judged.
The specific steps of the step 2 are as follows:
step 2.1, a second trigger end is arranged on one side of a roadway in the area where faults are not revealed in the step 1, a second receiving end is arranged on the other side of the roadway, the second trigger end is a vibration gun, the vibration gun is perpendicular to roadway sides to construct gun holes, all the gun holes are located on the same plane, a second anchor rod is arranged at the second receiving end, a nut and a tray are arranged on the second anchor rod, and a YTZ-3 detector is arranged at a screw position of the second anchor rod;
step 2.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at the second excitation end according to the sequence from the inside to the outside of the roadway, and receiving vibration waves at the second receiving end;
and 2.3, inverting the fault position by using the reflected groove wave signal according to the vibration wave received in the step 2.2 through YTZ data processing interpretation software.
The receiving track distance in the step 2.1 is 10m; the depth of the blast hole is 2.5m, the aperture is 42mm, and the explosive amount of each blast hole is 200g; the diameter of the second anchor rod is 22mm, the length of the second anchor rod is 2.5m, and the length of the second anchor rod exposed to the outside is 10-50mm.
The specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: and (3) comparing the fault area inferred in the step (1) with the fault development condition detected in the step (2), and if the fault areas are matched, judging that the fault areas predicted by the seismic wave CT detection adopted in the step (1) and the slot wave seismic detection method adopted in the step (2) are effective.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the coal mine fault structure prediction method has the advantages of simple construction process and high prediction accuracy, and can overcome subjective differences caused by multiple solutions and experiences of a single geophysical prospecting method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a seismic CT detection arrangement in a coal mine fault structure prediction method.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
When the mine pressure of the mining working face suddenly increases, the roof and the coal wall are broken, and the phenomena of ledge and pressing frame appear, which shows that the front is very easy to have an unexposed geological structure, firstly, the seismic wave CT is developed on the stress abnormal area, the stress distribution abnormal characteristics are analyzed, the development condition of the fault structure is deduced, and then, the abnormal stress area is detected by adopting a groove wave seismic detection method to invert the geological structure so as to judge the fault position.
The invention discloses a coal mine fault structure prediction method, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, adopting a seismic wave CT detection for a stress abnormal region in a roadway tunneling process, and deducing a fault region by analyzing stress distribution and longitudinal wave speed abnormal characteristics;
step 1.1, as shown in fig. 1, arranging a first trigger end on one side of a roadway in a stress abnormal area, arranging a first receiving end on the other side of the roadway, determining the number of the first trigger ends and the first receiving ends according to the actual condition of the site and the detection capability of equipment, wherein the distance between the adjacent first trigger ends is 6m, the detection area along the long direction of the roadway is not less than 200m, the first trigger ends are vibration cannons, the cannons are perpendicular to the construction cannons of the roadway, all the cannons are on the same plane, the depth of each cannon hole is 2m, the aperture is 42mm, the explosive amount of each cannon hole is 200g, the first receiving end is provided with a first anchor rod with the diameter of 200mm, and a PASAT detector is arranged at a screw of the first anchor rod;
step 1.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at a first excitation end according to the sequence of a roadway from inside to outside, and receiving vibration waves at a first receiving end;
step 1.3, analyzing the received signals in step 1.2 by PASAT-RHA software to obtain a stress distribution diagram and an impact risk index distribution diagram, and evaluating the impact risk of surrounding rock by using the vibration wave velocity;
the wave speed abnormal coefficient is introduced in the evaluation process, and the wave speed abnormal coefficient concept is as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,the unit is m/ms which is the average value of the longitudinal wave velocity of surrounding rock in a measuring area; />The unit is m/ms for the limit longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area; v (V) P The unit is m/ms for the longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area;
the abnormal wave velocity coefficient is the ratio of the abnormal wave velocity value to the maximum abnormal wave velocity value, if the AC is a positive value, the rock stratum at the position is possibly in a stress concentration state, and the larger the value is, the greater the possibility of impact damage is; if the AC is a negative value, the AC can be regarded as no impact risk, the AC is interpreted as a stress release area or a geological fracture zone, and the wave velocity gradient difference exists at the edge of the no impact risk area, so that the existence of an unrevealed fault area is primarily judged;
step 2, inversion geological structure is carried out on the stress abnormal region detected in the step 1 by adopting a groove wave seismic detection method, and fault development condition is detected again;
step 2.1, a second trigger end is arranged on one side of a roadway in the area where faults are not revealed in the step 1, a second receiving end is arranged on the other side of the roadway, the receiving track distance is 10m, the second trigger end is a vibration gun, blast holes are constructed perpendicular to the roadway sides, all the blast holes are positioned on the same plane, the depth of each blast hole is 2.5m, the aperture is 42mm, the explosive amount of each blast hole is 200g, the second receiving end is provided with a second anchor rod with the diameter of 22mm and the length of 2.5m, the length of the second anchor rod exposed to the outside is 10-50mm, nuts and trays are arranged on the second anchor rod, and a YTZ-3 detector is arranged at a screw of the second anchor rod;
step 2.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at the second excitation end according to the sequence from the inside to the outside of the roadway, and receiving vibration waves at the second receiving end;
step 2.3, inverting the fault position by utilizing the reflected groove wave signal according to the vibration wave received in the step 2.2 through YTZ data processing interpretation software;
step 3, comparing and analyzing the fault development condition detected in the step 2 with the inferred fault area in the step 1, and judging the fault position;
comparing the fault area inferred in the step 1 with the fault development condition detected in the step 2, if the fault areas are identical, judging that the seismic wave CT detection adopted in the step 1 is effective with the fault area predicted by the slot wave seismic detection method adopted in the step 2, otherwise, carrying out analogy detection by combining other geophysical prospecting methods, and determining the fault area.
By the mode, the coal mine fault structure prediction and prediction method is a mature detection method, the technology is mature, the construction process is simple, subjective differences caused by multiple solutions and experiences of a single geophysical prospecting method are overcome, and the wave velocity anomaly coefficients are introduced, so that the prediction result is more accurate.
Claims (7)
1. The coal mine fault structure prediction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, adopting a seismic wave CT detection for a stress abnormal region in a roadway tunneling process, and deducing a fault region by analyzing stress distribution and longitudinal wave speed abnormal characteristics;
step 2, inversion geological structure is carried out on the stress abnormal region detected in the step 1 by adopting a groove wave seismic detection method, and fault development condition is detected again;
and 3, comparing and analyzing the fault development condition detected in the step 2 with the inferred fault area in the step 1, and judging the fault position.
2. The method for predicting and forecasting the fault construction of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step 1 are as follows:
step 1.1, arranging a first trigger end on one side of a roadway in a stress abnormal region, arranging a first receiving end on the other side of the roadway, wherein the first trigger end is a vibration gun and is perpendicular to roadway side construction blast holes, all the blast holes are positioned on the same plane, the first receiving end is provided with a first anchor rod, and a PASAT detector is arranged at a screw of the first anchor rod;
step 1.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at a first excitation end according to the sequence of a roadway from inside to outside, and receiving vibration waves at a first receiving end;
and 1.3, analyzing the signals received in the step 1.2 by PASAT-RHA software to obtain a stress distribution diagram and an impact risk index distribution diagram, and evaluating the impact risk of the surrounding rock by using the vibration wave velocity.
3. The prediction method of the fault structure of the coal mine according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1.1, the distance between adjacent first trigger ends is 6m, the distance between adjacent first receiving ends is 18m, and a detection area along the longitudinal direction of the roadway is not less than 200m; the depth of the blast hole is 2m, the aperture is 42mm, and the explosive amount of each blast hole is 200g; the diameter of the first anchor rod is 200mm.
4. The prediction method of the fault structure of the coal mine according to claim 2, wherein the wave velocity anomaly coefficient is introduced in the evaluation process of the step 1.3, and the wave velocity anomaly coefficient is characterized in that:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,the unit is m/ms which is the average value of the longitudinal wave velocity of surrounding rock in a measuring area; />The unit is m/ms for the limit longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area; v (V) P The unit is m/ms for the longitudinal wave velocity value of surrounding rock in the measuring area;
the abnormal wave velocity coefficient is the ratio of the abnormal wave velocity value to the maximum abnormal wave velocity value, if the AC is a positive value, the rock stratum in the area is possibly in a stress concentration state, and the larger the AC value is, the greater the possibility of impact damage is; if the AC is negative, the AC can be regarded as no impact risk, and is interpreted as a stress release area or a geological fracture zone, and the wave velocity gradient difference exists at the edge of the no impact risk area, the existence of the fault area is primarily judged.
5. The method for predicting and forecasting the fault construction of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step 2 are as follows:
step 2.1, a second trigger end is arranged on one side of a roadway in the area where faults are not revealed in the step 1, a second receiving end is arranged on the other side of the roadway, the second trigger end is a vibration gun, the vibration gun is perpendicular to roadway sides to construct gun holes, all the gun holes are located on the same plane, a second anchor rod is arranged at the second receiving end, a nut and a tray are arranged on the second anchor rod, and a YTZ-3 detector is arranged at a screw position of the second anchor rod;
step 2.2, sequentially placing vibration guns at the second excitation end according to the sequence from the inside to the outside of the roadway, and receiving vibration waves at the second receiving end;
and 2.3, inverting the fault position by using the reflected groove wave signal according to the vibration wave received in the step 2.2 through YTZ data processing interpretation software.
6. The method for predicting and forecasting the fault construction of the coal mine according to claim 5, wherein the receiving track distance in the step 2.1 is 10m; the depth of the blast hole is 2.5m, the aperture is 42mm, and the explosive amount of each blast hole is 200g; the diameter of the second anchor rod is 22mm, the length of the second anchor rod is 2.5m, and the length of the second anchor rod exposed to the outside is 10-50mm.
7. The method for predicting and forecasting the fault construction of the coal mine according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of the step 3 are as follows: and (3) comparing the fault area inferred in the step (1) with the fault development condition detected in the step (2), and if the fault areas are matched, judging that the fault areas predicted by the seismic wave CT detection adopted in the step (1) and the slot wave seismic detection method adopted in the step (2) are effective.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ATE525958T1 (en) * | 2008-06-02 | 2011-10-15 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | DEVICE FOR A COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY FRAMEWORK FOR DATA TRANSMISSION |
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| US4045724A (en) * | 1976-04-06 | 1977-08-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Electromagnetic wave method for mapping subterranean earth formations |
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