CN112432912A - Optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on interference array and implementation method - Google Patents
Optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on interference array and implementation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and an implementation method thereof, and the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device comprises an ASE light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), a sensing unit (3), ultraviolet light (4), a photoelectric converter (5) and a signal processing module (6). The invention carries out sensing through the optical fiber, utilizes the relation between the refractive index of the nanometer material and the carrier concentration and the evanescent field sensing principle of the micro-nano optical fiber to enable the light emitted by the ASE light source to generate an interference spectrum in the cone area of the sensing unit, measures the change of the external ultraviolet light intensity through the detection of the interference spectrum, realizes digital output through the signal processing module, and achieves the purpose of displaying on a computer. The invention reduces the size of the sensing unit, increases the sensitivity of sensing, and ensures that the sensing device can stably operate for a long time. Meanwhile, the output can be realized on the host, and the real-time monitoring of the ultraviolet light intensity is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optical fiber sensing, and particularly relates to an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and an implementation method.
Background
The wavelength range of ultraviolet rays is 400 nm-10 nm, and the ultraviolet rays are electromagnetic waves with low energy edges from visible light to X rays. The band division is divided into three regions, UVA, UVB and UVC, according to different bands. Ultraviolet light in different areas has different effects on human production and life. Based on various characteristics of ultraviolet rays at different wavelengths, an ultraviolet detection technology is widely applied to various fields, such as chemical analysis, environmental analysis, biological analysis, optical skin analysis and the like, and meanwhile, the technology is also widely applied to ultraviolet communication, ultraviolet interference, ultraviolet manufacturing and the like. With the rapid development of science and technology, in order to meet the needs of people in life and production, the ultraviolet photoelectric detection technology is more and more concerned and deeply researched by people, and especially how to improve the sensitivity, stability, anti-interference capability, reaction speed and the like in the aspect of ultraviolet sensing application is important.
Ultraviolet technology has been produced in the past 50 s, but low sensitivity has always been a significant reason for the limitation of ultraviolet detection technology development and application. In 1992, Khan et al successfully developed the first GaN-based photoconductive uv detector. Then, on the basis, people only limit modification and modification of modified materials, and research an AlGaN ultraviolet detector (MCCLINTOCKR, MAYES K, YASAN A, et al.320X 256 solar-blue planar array based on Al x Ga 1-x N [ J]Applied Physics Letters,2005,86(1): 011117.). However, GaN has high cost, strong radiation and easy damageAnd the like. ZnO with the performance similar to that of GaN-based materials is proposed as a new ultraviolet sensing material, ZnO is cheaper than GaN, has stronger radiation damage resistance and has far better ultraviolet photosensitivity than GaN. In 2008, Jin et al designed a ZnO nanoparticle ultraviolet photodetector to obtain 61AW-1(JIN Y, WANG J, SUN B, et al. solution-processed ultraviolet detectors based on colloidal ZnO nanoparticles [ J.)]Nano Letters,2008,8(6): 1649-1653.). After that, the ultraviolet sensing technology is developed rapidly, but the traditional ultraviolet detection technology still has the limitations of fragile instrument, large volume, difficult manufacture, high cost, poor resistance and the like. The optical fiber ultraviolet sensor is strongly activated on an ultraviolet sensing stage by virtue of the advantages of strong corrosion resistance, strong anti-interference capability, small loss, simple manufacture, low cost, good stability, high sensitivity, strong flexibility and the like. In 2018, Seo et al designed a non-etched fiber Bragg grating at 2.5mW/cm2The maximum wavelength shift of 2.5nm is obtained under the ultraviolet intensity. The detection principle of the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing technology mainly combines a micro-nano optical fiber and a sensitive material, and in order to design an ultraviolet sensing device with higher performance, the selection and design of the sensitive material are also very important factors. Researchers find that pure nano materials have limitations in increasing demands of production and living regardless of superior properties. Therefore, different elements are doped into the pure nano material or the pure nano material is compounded with different materials or a sensitive material is compounded, so that the pure nano material is modified to become a novel nano ZnO material which is more compound and more needed by people.
Therefore, aiming at the problems of low sensitivity, poor stability in long-term operation, high cost, difficult manufacturing and the like of the traditional ultraviolet detector and pure nano materials, the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interferometric array and the implementation method thereof are provided, wherein the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device is high in sensitivity, good in stability, low in cost, simple to manufacture and good in flexibility.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and a realization method thereof are characterized in that: the optical fiber sensing device comprises an ASE light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), a sensing unit (3), ultraviolet light (4), a photoelectric converter (5) and a signal processing module (6);
the sensing unit (3) comprises a single-mode fiber (3-1-1), a multi-mode fiber (3-2), a seven-core fiber (3-3), a single-mode fiber (3-1-2), a sensitive material (3-4-1) and a sensitive material (3-4-2), wherein the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) are respectively coated on a cone area of the multi-mode fiber (3-2) and a cone area of a fusion point of the seven-core fiber (3-3) and the single-mode fiber (3-1-2), and the sensing unit comprises:
the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-1), the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2), the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are sequentially welded together from left to right, oxyhydrogen flame fusion tapering is carried out on the middle position of the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2) and the welding point of the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2), the length of a taper zone is 5mm, the diameter is 3.64 mu m, and a sensing unit (3) is formed;
the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) are silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene (the silver concentration is 4%), and the preparation method is a hydrothermal method;
the specific preparation process of the sensing unit (3) comprises the steps of optical fiber size, a fusion welding mode, a tapering mode, preparation of the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) and a coating technology;
wherein: the size of the optical fiber comprises that the length of the selected multimode optical fiber (3-2) is 15mm, and the length of the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) is 10 mm;
the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-1), the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2), the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are welded through a welding machine;
the two conical regions of the sensing unit (3) are tapered through oxyhydrogen flame melting;
the preparation method of the silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene comprises the steps of weighing 0.6g of zinc nitrate and 50ml of deionized water, mixing to prepare 0.04mol/L of zinc nitrate solution, weighing 0.0136g of silver nitrate, adding the 0.04mol/L of zinc nitrate solution, weighing 0.28g of hexamethylenetetramine, adding the 50ml of deionized water, weighing 7.2mg of graphene, adding the graphene into 30ml of deionized water, stirring for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h, mixing the 3 solutions, and carrying out magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain a silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene growth solution;
the coating technology of the sensitive material (3-4-2) adopts a dripping method, firstly, a sensing unit (3) is fixed on a carrier plate, then, an ethanol and deionized water are used for washing a sensing area, a dripping pipe is used for dripping a droplet of prepared silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene growth solution on the prepared sensing unit (3), and then, the sensing unit (3) is placed in a vacuum oven for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃.
An optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and a realization method thereof are characterized in that: the ASE light source (1) emits light beams to be transmitted to the optical fiber coupler (2), the optical fiber coupler (2) outputs the light beams to be transmitted to the sensing unit (3), the light beams are subjected to multi-stage mode coupling and interference in the sensing unit (3) to form an interference array, when input light is transmitted to the multi-mode fiber (3-2) from the single-mode fiber (3-1-1), mode coupling is formed at a welding point, light in multiple modes is transmitted in the multi-mode fiber (3-2), in the same way, a mode in more stages is formed at the welding point of the next multi-mode fiber (3-2) and the seven-core fiber (3-3), the light is transmitted in the seven-core fiber (3-3) and finally coupled back to the single-mode fiber (3-1-2) to be output, light in different modes is transmitted in the seven-core fiber (3-3), and corresponding propagation constants and effective refractive indexes are different, interference occurs when the optical fiber is coupled into the next single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2), the change of the interference effective refractive index in the seven-core optical fiber is directly related to the external environment, the change of the external ultraviolet light intensity can cause the interference spectrum to cause corresponding drift, and the change of the ultraviolet light intensity is detected through the movement of the interference wave trough; the interference light returns to the optical fiber coupler (2) through the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) and is transmitted to the photoelectric converter (5) through the optical fiber coupler (2), and the photoelectric converter (5) generates an analog signal and transmits the analog signal to the signal processing module (6) for data processing.
Further, the ASE light source (1) is a broadband light source having a center wavelength of 1550nm for generating an optical signal.
Further, the ultraviolet light (4) is an LED ultraviolet lamp, and the central wavelength is 365nm for generating ultraviolet light.
Furthermore, the signal processing module (6) comprises an A/D module (6-1), a data buffer module (6-2), an IIC serial port (6-3) and a host (6-4) which are connected in sequence.
Furthermore, in the signal processing module (6), an analog signal generated by the photoelectric converter (5) enters the signal processing module (6), the analog signal and a digital signal are converted through the A/D module (6-1) in the signal processing module (6), the output digital signal is input to the data buffer module (6-2) for buffering of the digital signal, and then the signal is transmitted to the host (6-4) through the IIC serial port (6-3), and data is displayed in the host (6-4).
The invention has the structure that: an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and an implementation method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts a multi-optical fiber combined sensing structure to carry out multi-stage coupling to form an interference array, thereby greatly improving the sensitivity of ultraviolet detection.
The invention designs a biconical structure for the micro-nano optical fiber, and based on an evanescent field theory, the output light intensity is changed through the change of the distribution of the evanescent field on the surface of the micro-nano optical fiber, thereby improving the sensitivity of the sensor.
According to the invention, the silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene is selected, the internal structure of the pure nano material is changed, and the electronic structure and the photocatalytic performance of the material are further changed. When the external ultraviolet light intensity changes, the free carrier absorption effect and the energy band filling effect of the silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene can induce the refractive index of the material to change, and the sensitivity and the accuracy of the material are further improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interferometric array and an implementation method thereof.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interferometric array and a sensing unit implementing the same.
Fig. 3 is a detailed diagram of a fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interferometric array and a signal processing module of an implementation method.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments will describe specific implementations of an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interferometric array and an implementation method thereof according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, for the structure diagram of the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device and the implementation method based on the interference array provided by the invention, ASE light source (1) emits light beams to be transmitted to optical fiber coupler (2), the optical fiber coupler (2) outputs the light beams to be transmitted to sensing unit (3), the light beams are coupled and interfered in multi-level mode in the sensing unit (3) to form the interference array, when the external ultraviolet light intensity irradiating the sensing unit (3) is changed, the refractive index of the sensitive material is changed, and the light is transmitted to different optical fiber fusion surfaces to be mode-coupled to generate light in multi-level mode, and finally the light is interfered, and is transmitted to the spectrometer through single mode optical fiber (3-1-2) to generate interference spectrum drift, and the change amount of the ultraviolet light intensity is measured through the movement amount of interference wave trough. The interference light returns to the optical fiber coupler (2) through the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) and is transmitted to the photoelectric converter (5) through the optical fiber coupler (2), and the photoelectric converter (5) generates an analog signal and transmits the analog signal to the signal processing module (6) for data processing.
As shown in fig. 2, for the optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interference array and the structure diagram of the sensing unit of the implementation method provided by the present invention, the single mode optical fiber (3-1-1), the multimode optical fiber (3-2), the seven core optical fiber (3-3), and the single mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are sequentially welded together from left to right, the middle position of the multimode optical fiber (3-2) and the welding point of the multimode optical fiber (3-2) and the single mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are subjected to oxyhydrogen flame fusion tapering, the length of the taper region is 5mm, the diameter is 3.64 μm, the sensing unit (3) is formed, the light beam is subjected to multi-stage mode coupling and interference in the sensing unit (3) to form the interference array, when the input light is transmitted from the single mode optical fiber (3-1-1) to the multimode optical fiber (3-2), mode coupling is formed at the welding point, light of multiple modes is transmitted in the multimode optical fiber (3-2), and in the same way, modes of more orders are formed at the welding point of the next multimode optical fiber (3-2) and the seven-core optical fiber (3-3), transmitted in the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and finally coupled back to the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) for output. Light of different order modes is transmitted in the seven-core optical fiber (3-3), corresponding propagation constants and effective refractive indexes are different, and interference occurs when the light is coupled into the next single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2). The change of the interference effective refractive index in the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) is directly related to the external environment, and the change of the external ultraviolet light intensity can cause the corresponding drift of the interference spectrum. Changes in the ultraviolet light intensity are detected by movement of the interference valleys.
As shown in fig. 3, a detailed diagram of a signal processing module of an optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interferometric array and an implementation method thereof is provided for the present invention. The signal processing module (6) is used for enabling an analog signal generated by the photoelectric converter (5) to enter the signal processing module (6), converting the analog signal and a digital signal through the A/D module (6-1) in the signal processing module (6), inputting the digital signal output by the signal processing module into the data buffering module (6-2) for buffering the digital signal, then transmitting the signal to the host (6-4) through the IIC serial port (6-3), and displaying data in the host (6-4). The output of the host (6-4) is realized, and real-time monitoring is carried out.
Claims (6)
1. An optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and a realization method thereof are characterized in that: the optical fiber sensing device comprises an ASE light source (1), an optical fiber coupler (2), a sensing unit (3), ultraviolet light (4), a photoelectric converter (5) and a signal processing module (6);
the sensing unit (3) comprises a single-mode fiber (3-1-1), a multi-mode fiber (3-2), a seven-core fiber (3-3), a single-mode fiber (3-1-2), a sensitive material (3-4-1) and a sensitive material (3-4-2), wherein the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) are respectively coated on a cone area of the multi-mode fiber (3-2) and a cone area of a fusion point of the seven-core fiber (3-3) and the single-mode fiber (3-1-2), and the sensing unit comprises:
the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-1), the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2), the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are sequentially welded together from left to right, oxyhydrogen flame fusion tapering is carried out on the middle position of the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2) and the welding point of the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2), the length of a taper zone is 5mm, the diameter is 3.64 mu m, and a sensing unit (3) is formed;
the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) are silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene (the silver concentration is 4%), and the preparation method is a hydrothermal method;
the specific preparation process of the sensing unit (3) comprises the steps of optical fiber size, a fusion welding mode, a tapering mode, preparation of the sensitive material (3-4-1) and the sensitive material (3-4-2) and a coating technology;
wherein: the size of the optical fiber comprises that the length of the selected multimode optical fiber (3-2) is 15mm, and the length of the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) is 10 mm;
the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-1), the multi-mode optical fiber (3-2), the seven-core optical fiber (3-3) and the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) are welded through a welding machine;
the two conical regions of the sensing unit (3) are tapered through oxyhydrogen flame melting;
the preparation method of the silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene comprises the steps of weighing 0.6g of zinc nitrate and 50ml of deionized water, mixing to prepare 0.04mol/L of zinc nitrate solution, weighing 0.0136g of silver nitrate, adding the 0.04mol/L of zinc nitrate solution, weighing 0.28g of hexamethylenetetramine, adding the 50ml of deionized water, weighing 7.2mg of graphene, adding the graphene into 30ml of deionized water, stirring for 10min, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 1h, mixing the 3 solutions, and carrying out magnetic stirring for 10min to obtain a silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene growth solution;
the coating technology of the sensitive material (3-4-2) adopts a dripping method, firstly, a sensing unit (3) is fixed on a carrier plate, then, an ethanol and deionized water are used for washing a sensing area, a dripping pipe is used for dripping a droplet of prepared silver-doped zinc oxide composite graphene growth solution on the prepared sensing unit (3), and then, the sensing unit (3) is placed in a vacuum oven for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃.
2. An optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on an interference array and a realization method thereof are characterized in that:
the ASE light source (1) emits light beams to be transmitted to the optical fiber coupler (2), the optical fiber coupler (2) outputs the light beams to be transmitted to the sensing unit (3), the light beams are subjected to multi-level mode coupling and interference in the sensing unit (3) to form an interference array, when input light is transmitted to the multi-mode fiber (3-2) from the single-mode fiber (3-1-1), mode coupling is formed at a welding point, light in multiple modes is transmitted in the multi-mode fiber (3-2), in the same way, a mode in more levels is formed at the welding point of the next multi-mode fiber (3-2) and the seven-core fiber (3-3), the light is transmitted in the seven-core fiber (3-3) and finally coupled back to the single-mode fiber (3-1-2) to be output, light in different modes is transmitted in the seven-core fiber (3-3), corresponding propagation constants and effective refractive indexes are different, interference occurs when the optical fiber is coupled into the next single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2), the change of the interference effective refractive index in the seven-core optical fiber is directly related to the external environment, the change of the external ultraviolet light intensity can cause the interference spectrum to cause corresponding drift, and the change of the ultraviolet light intensity is detected through the movement of the interference wave trough; the interference light returns to the optical fiber coupler (2) through the single-mode optical fiber (3-1-2) and is transmitted to the photoelectric converter (5) through the optical fiber coupler (2), and the photoelectric converter (5) generates an analog signal and transmits the analog signal to the signal processing module (6) for data processing.
3. The optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interferometric array and the realization method thereof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the ASE light source (1) is a broadband light source, and the central wavelength is 1550nm for generating light signals.
4. The optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interferometric array and the realization method thereof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the ultraviolet light (4) is an LED ultraviolet lamp, and the central wavelength is 365nm and is used for generating ultraviolet light.
5. The optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interferometric array and the realization method thereof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the signal processing module (6) comprises an A/D module (6-1), a data buffer module (6-2), an IIC serial port (6-3) and a host (6-4) which are connected in sequence.
6. The optical fiber ultraviolet sensing device based on the interferometric array and the realization method thereof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that:
the signal processing module (6) is characterized in that an analog signal generated by the photoelectric converter (5) enters the signal processing module (6), the analog signal and a digital signal are converted through the A/D module (6-1) in the signal processing module (6), the output digital signal is input to the data buffering module (6-2) to buffer the digital signal, then the signal is transmitted to the host (6-4) through the IIC serial port (6-3), and data is displayed in the host (6-4).
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