CN112431059A - 一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料及其制备方法，属于含纤维的纸的制备技术领域，其以矿物纤维、植物纤维为浆料，按重量份数比，所述浆料由以下组成：85—100份的矿物纤维、0—15份的植物纤维和矿物纤维和植物纤维绝干总量1%‑10%的无机胶粘剂，采用湿法造纸工艺制造，干燥完成后，再将所得纸置于高温炉中进行热处理，氧化去除其中的有机成份得到耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。本发明通过采用限定的方法制备矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，提高了矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的抄造性能和耐温性能，更好地满足特种电源材料的耐温、隔热和绝缘的使用要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于特种电源材料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
特种电源要求包裹的纸质材料具有耐500-600℃的高温，同时要求导热系数低于0.040W/m.K和绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ。常规的绝缘材料采用有机材料制作，无法达到上述的要求。而采用100%矿物纤维抄造，抄造难度在于矿物纤维在湿法抄纸过程中，很难像植物纤维一样形成氢键起到增加强度的作用，从而很难满足抄造的要求及后续使用的强度要求；同时由于在使用过程中有耐温的要求，也不能采用有机胶粘剂来增加强度，因此必须采用无机胶粘剂来增加强度。为了保证在高温情况下长期使用该矿物纤维纸，必须最终保证该材料是100%的无机成份。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料及其制备方法，本发明根据矿物纤维的抄造情况，采用在浆料中添加适量的植物纤维来改善抄造性能，采用有机分散剂进行分散、无机胶粘剂进行增强，顺利地抄制出矿物纤维纸基纸。但由于这种矿物纤维纸基纸中含有一定量的有机成份，影响使用时的耐温性，我们再采用在高温炉中进行高温氧化处理，将基纸中的有机成份去除以达到100%无机成份的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的目的，该材料可以用于电源材料用。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，其以85-100份矿物纤维为主体纤维，以0-15份植物纤维为副体纤维制成浆料，经分散剂分散，以1%-10%所述纤维绝干总重量的无机胶料为胶粘剂，采用湿法造纸工艺制造，干燥完成后，再将所得纸置于高温炉中进行热处理，氧化去除其中的有机成份得到耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的矿物纤维为硅酸铝纤维、玻璃纤维、石棉纤维、海泡石纤维中的一种或两种；本发明中，单独采用石棉纤维或海泡石纤维，本身具有很高的抄纸性能，因此，使用该两种原料为主体纤维时，可以不加植物纤维。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的植物纤维为木浆纤维、马尼拉麻纤维或棉纤维。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的无机胶粘剂为硅溶胶、铝溶胶或氯化铝胶。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的分散剂为聚丙烯酰胺或聚氧化乙烯。
所述的耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1）取重量份数为85-100份矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至浆浓3%进行打浆，使矿物纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）取重量份数为0-15份植物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）的两种浆料混合后放入配浆池中，加入绝干纤维原料0.1%~0.3%的分散剂，再加入纤维原料绝干重量的1%~10%的胶粘剂，搅拌均匀后加水稀释至浆料浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料；
4）将步骤3）中的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成基纸；
5）将步骤4）制成的基纸在高温炉中进行热处理，氧化去除有机成份，得到耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料制备方法，其特征在于步骤3）中所述的分散剂为聚丙烯酰胺或聚氧化乙烯。
所述的耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤5）中的氧化热处理的温度为500℃±5℃，氧化热处理时间为20min~40min。
通过采用上述技术，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果如下：
1）本发明根据矿物纤维自身的抄造情况，通过在浆料中加入适量的有机纤维，利用有机纤维抄造时易形成氢键及分散剂将纤维和胶料混合分散均匀达到增加在抄造时湿态及烘干后的干态的强度的目的，从而改善整个矿物纤维纸基纸的抄造性能，便于烘缸的卷取。
2）本发明通过将该基纸在500℃±5℃高温炉中进行氧化热处理20min~40min，去除矿物纤维纸中的有机成份，从而从根本上满足该纸的耐温性能；
3）本发明根据矿物纤维的抄造情况，采用在浆料中添加适量的植物纤维来改善抄造性能，采用分散剂进行分散、无机胶粘剂进行增强，这样能顺利地抄制出矿物纤维纸基纸，再采用在高温炉中进行高温氧化处理，将基纸中的有机成份去除以达到100%无机成份的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的目的，增加其耐温性能，该材料特别适用于电源材料中。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步说明，但本发明的保护范围不限于此：
实施例1
1）取85份硅酸铝纤维矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，进行分散打浆，使矿物纤维在水中分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）取15份针叶木浆纤维在打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将上述两种浆料全部放入配浆池中，加入纤维绝干重量0.1%的聚丙烯酰胺分散剂，搅拌均匀后加入上述纤维的绝干重量10%的硅溶胶，搅拌均匀加水稀释到浆料总浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料；
4）将上述的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成单位面积重量为80g/m2的基纸；
5）将上述制成的基纸裁成500 mm✕500mm的平张纸，在500℃±5℃高温炉中氧化20分钟去除纸中的氧化物，制成耐温的导热系数为0.035W/m.K、绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
实施例2
1）取88份硅酸铝纤维矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，进行分散打浆，使硅酸铝纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）取12份马尼拉麻浆纤维在打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将上述浆料全部放入配浆池中，加入纤维总重量0.3%的聚氧化乙烯分散剂，搅拌均匀后加入上述纤维的绝干重量1%的铝溶胶，搅拌均匀并稀释至浆料总浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料。
4）将上述的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成单位面积重量为100g/m2的基纸。
5）将上述制成的基纸裁成400 mm✕400mm的平张纸，在500℃±5℃高温炉中氧化40分钟去除纸中的氧化物，制成耐温的导热系数0.037W/m.K、绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
实施例3
1）取95份石棉纤维矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，进行分散打浆，使石棉纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）取5份棉浆纤维在打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将上述浆料全部放入配浆池中，加入纤维绝干重量0.2%的聚丙烯酰胺分散剂，搅拌均匀后加入上述纤维的绝干重量5%的氯化铝胶，搅拌均匀并稀释至浆浓总浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料。
4）将上述的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成单位面积重量为120g/m2的基纸。
5）将上述制成的基纸裁成400 mm✕400mm的平张纸，在500℃±5℃高温炉中氧化30分钟去除纸中的氧化物，制成导热系数为0.036W/m.K、绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
实施例四
1）取45份硅酸铝纤维和40份海泡石纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，进行分散打浆，使矿物纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）取15份针叶木浆纤维在打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将上述浆料全部放入配浆池中，加入纤维绝干重量0.1%的聚丙烯酰胺分散剂，搅拌均匀后加入上述纤维的绝干重量3%的硅溶胶，搅拌均匀并稀释至浆料总浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料。
4）将上述的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成单位面积重量为60g/m2的基纸。
5）将上述制成的基纸裁成500 mm✕500mm的平张纸，在500℃±5℃高温炉中氧化20分钟去除纸中的氧化物，制成耐温的导热系数为0.038W/m.K、绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
实施例五
1）取100份石棉纤维矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至纤维浆浓3%，进行分散打浆，使石棉纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
2）将上述浆料放入配浆池中，加入纤维绝干重量0.1%的聚丙烯酰胺分散剂，搅拌均匀后加入上述纤维的绝干重量3%的氯化铝胶，搅拌均匀并稀释至浆浓总浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料。
4）将上述的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成单位面积重量为110g/m2的基纸。
5）将上述制成的基纸裁成400 mm✕400mm的平张纸，在500℃±5℃高温炉中氧化30分钟去除纸中的有机物，制成导热系数为0.035W/m.K、绝缘电阻不低于500MΩ的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
本发明按照实施例进行了说明，在不脱离本方案的前提下，本方案还可作出若干设计和改进。应当指出，凡采用等同替换或等同设计等方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，其以85-100份矿物纤维为主体纤维，以0-15份植物纤维为副体纤维制成浆料，经分散剂分散，以1%-10%所述纤维绝干总重量的无机胶料为胶粘剂，采用湿法造纸工艺制造，干燥完成后，再将所得纸置于高温炉中进行热处理，氧化去除其中的有机成份得到耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的矿物纤维为硅酸铝纤维、玻璃纤维、石棉纤维、海泡石纤维中的一种或两种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的植物纤维为木浆纤维、马尼拉麻纤维或棉纤维。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的无机胶粘剂为硅溶胶、铝溶胶或氯化铝胶。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料，其特征在于，所述的分散剂为聚丙烯酰胺或聚氧化乙烯。
6.根据权利要求1-5任一所述的耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
取重量份数为85-100份矿物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至浆浓3%进行打浆，使矿物纤维在水中的分散均匀，形成矿物纤维浆料；
取重量份数为0-15份植物纤维放入打浆机中，加入适量的水至浆浓3%，先疏解20-30min，再下刀打至叩解度为20-30 °SR，形成植物纤维浆料；
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）的两种浆料混合后放入配浆池中，加入绝干纤维原料0.1%~0.3%的分散剂，再加入纤维原料绝干重量的1%~10%的胶粘剂，搅拌均匀后加水稀释至浆料浓度为0.3%，形成混合浆料；
4）将步骤3）中的混合浆料送至圆网成型器脱水、成形，再经压榨、烘干和卷取制成基纸；
5）将步骤4）制成的基纸在高温炉中进行热处理，氧化去除有机成份，得到耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的一种耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料制备方法，其特征在于步骤3）中所述的分散剂为聚丙烯酰胺或聚氧化乙烯。
8.根据权利要求6所述的耐温的矿物纤维纸质隔热绝缘材料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤5）中的氧化热处理的温度为500℃±5℃，氧化热处理时间为20min~40min。
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