CN112409651A - Preparation method of natural latex product - Google Patents
Preparation method of natural latex product Download PDFInfo
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- CN112409651A CN112409651A CN202011148481.2A CN202011148481A CN112409651A CN 112409651 A CN112409651 A CN 112409651A CN 202011148481 A CN202011148481 A CN 202011148481A CN 112409651 A CN112409651 A CN 112409651A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0014—Use of organic additives
- C08J9/0023—Use of organic additives containing oxygen
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2307/00—Characterised by the use of natural rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the field of natural latex product technology. A method for preparing a natural latex product, comprising the steps of: (1) and (3) vulcanization: adding ammonium oleate, water-based castor oil and sulfur into the natural latex, and carrying out a vulcanization reaction at the temperature of 27-28 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain a complex adhesive; the pH value of the natural latex is 9.55-9.60; (2) foaming: adding zinc oxide and a hardening agent into the glue by matching with a glue foaming machine, foaming, and (3) injecting, molding, pressing water and drying to obtain a product with the final water content of less than or equal to 6 wt%. The invention is used for solving the technical problem that the prior latex product contains potassium ions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a natural latex product, belonging to the technical field of pure natural latex products.
Background
With the development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, a large amount of latex products appear in the life and production of people. The prior latex products such as latex pillows, latex mattresses, latex gloves and the like are mostly made of pure natural latex. However, the existing latex product detection contains potassium ions, and a professional qualified customer feeds back that corrosive potassium hydroxide chemical components are added into the latex product, so that the acceptance is low. The prior preparation method of the latex product has the following problems:
firstly, a proper amount of KOH is added in the existing potassium oleate, castor oil and zinc oxide during the process of proportioning, and KOH is objectively added, so that the product contains a small amount of KOH. In the prior art, the castor oil is obtained by mixing potassium hydroxide, castor oil and water and heating and boiling the mixture to 70-90 ℃ by a gas stove for reaction, so that the castor oil mixture contains potassium ions and hydroxide ions. The existing potassium oleate is obtained by the reaction of vegetable oleic acid, potassium hydroxide and water, and is obtained by heating and boiling the mixture to 70-90 ℃ by a gas stove for reaction, so that a potassium oleate mixture contains potassium ions and hydroxide ions. In the prior art, zinc oxide is mixed with zinc oxide, potassium oleate, water, auxiliary agents and other substances in the material mixing process and stirred at a high speed for about 30 minutes, and the potassium oleate contains a proper amount of KOH, so that the obtained zinc oxide mixture contains potassium ions and hydroxyl ions.
The Chinese patent with publication No. CN104987551A and publication date 2015, 10 and 21 discloses a preparation method of an environment-friendly breathable composite natural latex product, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: adding 0.5-0.7 part of potassium hydroxide into 2-4 parts of water according to the weight ratio, stirring and heating to 95-99 ℃, adding 2-3 parts of castor oil, continuously stirring and heating to 95-99 ℃, then adding 14-16 parts of water, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture I; step two: taking 16-20 parts of water, heating to 95-99 ℃, adding 1.1-1.7 parts of potassium hydroxide, continuously stirring and heating to 95-99 ℃, adding 5-7 parts of oleic acid, stirring and heating to 95-99 ℃, and stirring at constant temperature for 10-20min to obtain a mixture II. In the above steps, the mixture I is castor oil mixed liquor, the mixture II is potassium oleate mixture, and both the mixtures I and II use potassium hydroxide, so that the final latex product contains potassium ions and hydroxide ions.
Secondly, the existing potassium oleate and castor oil are heated by natural gas or coal gas in a burning container, and have three disadvantages:
(1) manual burning, which is controlled in the aspects of duration of fire, solid content, pH value and the like and is judged by the experience of a master, and the consistency and the standard are difficult to be realized; for example, potassium oleate needs to be burned in a burning furnace at 70-80 ℃ for about 1 hour, so that the energy consumption is high, the reaction time is long, and the burning efficiency is low.
(2) The special burning container and the special burning place need to occupy the field and resources, the temperature is high during burning, the environmental temperature of an ammonia removing and batching area is increased, the requirement of the ammonia removing and batching process on the environmental temperature is 27-28 ℃, and the phenomenon of incomplete vulcanization or over-vulcanization during latex batching can be influenced;
(3) natural gas or coal gas resources are wasted, the cost of the fuel gas resources of potassium oleate and castor oil per kilogram is 0.04 yuan, and the expenditure of the fuel gas cost is 26-30 yuan per day.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a natural latex product, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing latex product contains potassium ions.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of making a natural latex article, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) vulcanization: adding ammonium oleate, water-based castor oil and sulfur into the natural latex, and carrying out a vulcanization reaction at the temperature of 27-28 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain a complex adhesive;
the pH value of the natural latex is 9.55-9.60;
(2) foaming: adding zinc oxide and a hardening agent into a glue foaming machine for foaming, wherein the addition amount of the zinc oxide is 5-7 wt% of the natural latex, and the addition amount of the hardening agent is 3-8 wt% of the natural latex;
(3) and (3) injecting the foamed batch mixture, molding, pressurizing water and drying to obtain a natural latex product, wherein the final water content of the product is less than or equal to 6 wt%.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the invention replaces potassium oleate with ammonium oleate, and radically avoids the entering of potassium ions in the preparation method of the latex product; according to the invention, the process of burning castor oil is replaced by the finished product of water-based castor oil, the finished product of water-based castor oil is directly weighed and added, the burning process of castor oil is directly omitted, and the reaction efficiency is improved; the zinc oxide is added, the potassium hydroxide is not added, and the potassium ions in the preparation method of the latex product are prevented from entering radically. The invention thoroughly cancels the content of potassium hydroxide in the ingredients, improves the product quality, meets the customer satisfaction degree and improves the standard in the industry.
Secondly, the formula of the invention is simplified, the dependence on the manual experience is reduced, and the consistency and the standardization degree of the product are further improved;
thirdly, the cost of the fuel resource is saved by 26-30 yuan every day, and the annual fuel saving cost is estimated to be 0.8-1 ten thousand yuan.
In order to solve the technical problem of low burning efficiency of the existing potassium oleate, the invention is further improved, and the ammonium oleate is obtained by utilizing the chemical reaction of vegetable oleic acid and ammonia water, and specifically comprises the following steps:
adding 85-90 wt% of water into 10-15 wt% of vegetable oleic acid, stirring at the speed of 40-50 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes, uniformly adding 1-3 wt% of ammonia water (the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 15-25%), stirring at a high speed at the speed of 40-50 revolutions per minute for 10-15 minutes, and reacting to obtain a pasty flowable fluid substance.
The invention replaces manual burning with direct chemical reaction, the reaction temperature is reduced from 70-80 ℃ to normal temperature, the reaction time is reduced from 1 hour to 15 minutes, and the burning efficiency is greatly improved.
The invention is further improved, and the addition amount of the ammonium oleate is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the natural latex.
The invention is further improved, and the addition amount of the water-based castor oil is 0.5-1.5% of the mass of the natural latex.
The invention is further improved, and the adding amount of the sulfur is 7-9 wt% of the natural latex.
The invention is further improved, and the preparation method of the zinc oxide in the step (1) comprises the following steps: diluting 10 wt% of dispersant by 55-65 wt% of distilled water, stirring 25-35 wt% of zinc oxide at high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 15-20 r/min, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.
In the preparation of the zinc oxide, the potassium hydroxide is not added, and the zinc oxide is modified, so that the dispersibility of the zinc oxide is improved, the surface of the zinc oxide can be prevented from contacting latex, and the gel speed of the zinc oxide in the foaming process is reduced.
The invention is further improved, and the parameters of the compound rubber after vulcanization in the step (1) are as follows: the pH value is 9.05-9.10, the viscosity is 100-200mpa.s, the solid content is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the ammonia content is 0.2-0.3wt percent.
The invention is further improved, and the dispersant is sodium methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate.
The invention is further improved, and the hardening agent is sodium fluosilicate.
The invention is further improved, and the natural latex product is a latex cushion or a latex pillow.
Detailed Description
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of latex pillows
Preparation of ammonium oleate: the ammonium oleate obtained by the chemical reaction of vegetable oleic acid and ammonia water specifically comprises the following components: adding 90 wt% of water into 9 wt% of vegetable oleic acid, stirring at the speed of 40 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes, uniformly adding 1% of ammonia water, stirring at a high speed of 60 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and reacting to obtain a pasty flowable fluid substance.
Preparation of zinc oxide: 10 wt% of dispersant methylene dinaphthalene sodium sulfonate, 25 wt% of zinc oxide, and 65 wt% of distilled water are added, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 10 r/min, and the stirring time is 15 min.
A preparation method of a natural latex pillow comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) vulcanization: adding ammonium oleate, water-based castor oil and sulfur into natural latex with the pH value of 9.55, and carrying out a vulcanization reaction at the vulcanization reaction temperature of 27 ℃ for 15 hours to obtain a complex adhesive; the addition amount of the ammonium oleate is 0.5 wt% of the natural latex; the adding amount of the water-based castor oil is 0.5 wt% of the natural latex; the adding amount of the sulfur is 7-9 wt% of the natural latex;
the parameters of the vulcanized compound rubber are as follows: the pH value is 9.05, the viscosity is 100mpa.s, the solid content is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the ammonia content is 0.2 percent by weight.
(2) Foaming: adding zinc oxide and a hardening agent sodium fluosilicate into a glue foaming machine for foaming, wherein the addition amount of the zinc oxide is 5 wt% of the natural latex, and the addition amount of the hardening agent is 3 wt% of the natural latex;
(3) and (3) injecting the foamed batch mixture, forming, pressurizing water and drying to obtain the natural latex pillow, wherein the final water content of the product is less than or equal to 6 wt%.
The sulfur is used as a vulcanizing agent, and the sulfur and the rubber generate a crosslinking reaction to form a three-dimensional network structure, so that the rubber is changed from a plastic material into an elastic material.
Ammonium oleate, as a foaming agent, is soluble in water to lower the interfacial tension of the bubbles in the water, forming a protective layer around the bubbles, thereby producing a foam.
The aqueous castor oil is used as a latex foam stabilizer, and can prevent latex foam from breaking and maintain stable foam.
The zinc oxide is used as a foaming catalyst of latex, and the addition of the sizing material can not only accelerate the foaming speed, but also improve the crosslinking degree.
The dispersing agent is used for dispersing zinc oxide into distilled water to modify the zinc oxide, so that the dispersibility of the zinc oxide is improved, the surface of the zinc oxide can be prevented from contacting latex, and the gel speed of the zinc oxide in the foaming process is reduced.
And the hardening agent is used for hardening the liquid natural rubber.
The latex pillow is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the air permeability of the latex material can be improved, the heat dissipation is convenient, the cleaning is convenient, and the drying after cleaning is facilitated.
Taking 3 finished wavy latex pillows 60 × 40 × 10/12, slicing and cutting according to physicochemical detection standards, and testing physical properties, wherein the steps are as follows:
density of natural latex pillow: ash content is less than or equal to 10 percent, and 75 percent compression set is less than or equal to 15 percent.
In the natural latex pillow: the potassium content is 360mg/Kg, no potassium element is added in the production process, and the potassium in the test result is the content in the raw material latex and belongs to the natural latex which is collected from a rubber tree. The potassium content in the latex product has no specific requirement, and no potassium element is added in the processing process except for the latex and other auxiliary materials.
Example 2 preparation of latex mattresses
Preparation of ammonium oleate: the ammonium oleate obtained by the chemical reaction of vegetable oleic acid and ammonia water specifically comprises the following components: adding 82 wt% of water into 15 wt% of vegetable oleic acid, stirring at the speed of 50 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes, uniformly adding 3 wt% of ammonia water, stirring at a high speed of 70 revolutions per minute for 5 minutes, and reacting to obtain a pasty flowable fluid substance.
Preparation of zinc oxide: 10 wt% of dispersant methylene dinaphthalene sodium sulfonate, 35 wt% of zinc oxide, and 55 wt% of distilled water are added, and the mixture is stirred at a high speed, wherein the stirring speed is 10-15 r/min, and the stirring time is 15-25 min.
A preparation method of a natural latex pillow comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) vulcanization: adding ammonium oleate, water-based castor oil and sulfur into natural latex with the pH value of 9.60, and carrying out a vulcanization reaction at the temperature of 28 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain a complex adhesive; the addition amount of the ammonium oleate is 1.5 wt% of the natural latex; the adding amount of the water-based castor oil is 1.5 wt% of the natural latex; the adding amount of the sulfur is 8 wt% of the natural latex;
the parameters of the vulcanized compound rubber are as follows: the pH value is 9.10, the viscosity is 200mpa.s, the solid content is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the ammonia content is 0.3 percent by weight.
(2) Foaming: adding zinc oxide and a hardening agent sodium fluosilicate into a glue foaming machine for foaming, wherein the addition amount of the zinc oxide is 5 wt% of the natural latex, and the addition amount of the hardening agent is 3 wt% of the natural latex;
(3) and (3) injecting the foamed batch mixture, forming, pressing water and drying to obtain the natural latex mattress, wherein the final water content of the product is less than or equal to 6 wt%.
The sulfur is used as a vulcanizing agent, and the sulfur and the rubber generate a crosslinking reaction to form a three-dimensional network structure, so that the rubber is changed from a plastic material into an elastic material.
Ammonium oleate, as a foaming agent, is soluble in water to lower the interfacial tension of the bubbles in the water, forming a protective layer around the bubbles, thereby producing a foam.
The aqueous castor oil is used as a latex foam stabilizer, and can prevent latex foam from breaking and maintain stable foam.
The zinc oxide is used as a foaming catalyst of latex, and the addition of the sizing material can not only accelerate the foaming speed, but also improve the crosslinking degree.
The dispersing agent is used for dispersing zinc oxide into distilled water to modify the zinc oxide, so that the dispersibility of the zinc oxide is improved, the surface of the zinc oxide can be prevented from contacting latex, and the gel speed of the zinc oxide in the foaming process is reduced.
And the hardening agent is used for hardening the liquid natural rubber.
The latex pillow is provided with a plurality of through holes, so that the air permeability of the latex material can be improved, the heat dissipation is convenient, the cleaning is convenient, and the drying after cleaning is facilitated.
Taking 3 latex mattress finished products, slicing and cutting according to physicochemical detection standards, and testing physical properties, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: the density is 45 +/-3 g/cm3The rebound rate is more than or equal to 40 percent, and the indentation hardness is 60 +/-15N.
In the natural latex mattress: the potassium content is 360mg/Kg, no potassium element is added in the production process, and the potassium in the test result is the content in the raw material latex and belongs to the natural latex which is collected from a rubber tree. The potassium content in the latex product has no specific requirement, and no potassium element is added in the processing process except for the latex and other auxiliary materials.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a natural latex article, comprising the steps of:
(1) and (3) vulcanization: adding ammonium oleate, water-based castor oil and sulfur into the natural latex, and carrying out a vulcanization reaction at the temperature of 27-28 ℃ for 10-15 hours to obtain a complex adhesive;
the pH value of the natural latex is 9.55-9.60;
(2) foaming: adding zinc oxide and a hardening agent into a glue foaming machine for foaming, wherein the addition amount of the zinc oxide is 5-7 wt% of the natural latex, and the addition amount of the hardening agent is 3-8 wt% of the natural latex;
(3) and (3) injecting the foamed batch mixture, molding, pressurizing water and drying to obtain a natural latex product, wherein the final water content of the product is less than or equal to 6 wt%.
2. The method for preparing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium oleate is obtained by a chemical reaction between vegetable oleic acid and ammonia water, and specifically comprises:
adding 85-90 wt% of water into 10-15 wt% of vegetable oleic acid, stirring at the speed of 40-50 revolutions per minute for 10 minutes, adding 1-3% of ammonia water, stirring at high speed at the speed of 40-50 revolutions per minute for 10-15 minutes, and reacting to obtain a pasty flowable fluid substance.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the ammonium oleate is added in an amount of 0.5-1.5% by mass based on the natural latex.
4. The method for preparing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the aqueous castor oil added is 0.5 to 1.5% by mass of the natural latex.
5. The method for producing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein the amount of sulfur added is 7 to 9% by mass of the natural latex.
6. The method for preparing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein the zinc oxide in the step (1) is prepared by: 10 wt% of dispersant, 25-35 wt% of zinc oxide, and 55-65 wt% of distilled water, and stirring at high speed of 15-20 r/min for 15-25 min.
7. The method for preparing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein the compounding rubber parameters after the vulcanization in the step (1) are as follows: the pH value is 9.05-9.10, the viscosity is 100-200mpa.s, the solid content is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the ammonia content is 0.2-0.3wt percent.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the dispersant is sodium methylenedinaphthalene sulfonate.
9. The method for producing a natural latex product according to claim 1, wherein said hardening agent is sodium fluorosilicate.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the natural rubber latex product is a rubber latex pad or a rubber latex pillow.
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| US2323119A (en) * | 1941-07-02 | 1943-06-29 | Us Rubber Co | Method of making sponge rubber |
| JP2000336102A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Foam rubber |
| CN101824171A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-08 | 温州嘉泰乳胶制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process and application of emulsion product |
| CN104987551A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-21 | 晋江金飞鞋材有限公司 | Environmental-friendly ventilation type composite natural emulsion product as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106832455A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Emulsion foaming sponge of sleep and preparation method thereof, application can be promoted |
| WO2017121352A1 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 | Method for preserving natural latex and latex product prepared thereby |
| CN110003541A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | A kind of low ammonia or the application without ammoniacal latex in foamed latex product |
-
2020
- 2020-10-23 CN CN202011148481.2A patent/CN112409651B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2323119A (en) * | 1941-07-02 | 1943-06-29 | Us Rubber Co | Method of making sponge rubber |
| JP2000336102A (en) * | 1999-05-26 | 2000-12-05 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Foam rubber |
| CN101824171A (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2010-09-08 | 温州嘉泰乳胶制品有限公司 | Manufacturing process and application of emulsion product |
| CN104987551A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-10-21 | 晋江金飞鞋材有限公司 | Environmental-friendly ventilation type composite natural emulsion product as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2017121352A1 (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2017-07-20 | 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 | Method for preserving natural latex and latex product prepared thereby |
| CN106832455A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-13 | 中国热带农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Emulsion foaming sponge of sleep and preparation method thereof, application can be promoted |
| CN110003541A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-12 | 中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所 | A kind of low ammonia or the application without ammoniacal latex in foamed latex product |
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| CN112409651B (en) | 2022-09-16 |
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