CN112405708A - Method for manufacturing dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column by using small-diameter wood - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column by using small-diameter wood Download PDFInfo
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- CN112405708A CN112405708A CN202011471860.5A CN202011471860A CN112405708A CN 112405708 A CN112405708 A CN 112405708A CN 202011471860 A CN202011471860 A CN 202011471860A CN 112405708 A CN112405708 A CN 112405708A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
- B27B5/02—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only
- B27B5/04—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only for edge trimming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/10—Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
- B27F5/00—Slotted or mortised work
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Abstract
A method for making dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column with small diameter wood includes such steps as cutting the small diameter wood (150-160 mm) into segments (3100 mm long), sawing and trimming symmetrically to obtain boards (66 mm in thickness and 132mm in bottom width), drying, and machining to obtain isosceles-trapezoid-shaped units (120 mm in bottom width, 60mm in thickness, alpha between two inclined side surfaces and 309.5mm in length), where alpha satisfies the relation
D is the diameter of an inscribed cylinder of the hollow wood prism formed by the unit bodies, and D is more than 400 mm; to the inclined side and dovetail groove inner surfaceSizing; by
Calculating the number n of the needed unit bodies, connecting and assembling the n unit bodies by using double dovetail tenon-shaped wooden pins, and then performing cold pressing and gluing to form a hollow wooden prism; and turning and cutting to obtain the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wooden column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400 mm. The assembly is convenient, the precision is high, and the quality is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wood processing, relates to a utilization technology of small-diameter wood, and particularly relates to a method for using the small-diameter wood as a large-diameter hollow round wood column for dovetail joint.
Background
The yield of large-diameter wood produced in China at present is small, and the yield of small-diameter wood is large. The small-diameter wood refers to wood which is cut from natural secondary forests or artificial fast-growing forests and has the diameter of 60-160 mm. In recent years, with the development of wood processing and utilizing technology, the utilization field of small-diameter wood is expanded, and the utilization rate and the utilization value are improved. However, the utilization rate and the utilization value of the small diameter wood still have a space for further improvement, and the small diameter wood still is a hot problem for the research in the field of wood processing in the future. As one of important building components, a wood column can bear the effects of tension, pressure, shear force, bending moment and torque, generally needs to be made of large-diameter wood, has high requirements on the quality of raw wood, and is generally of a solid structure. However, according to the research of mechanical analysis, the material in the middle of the wood column does not contribute much to the mechanical strength, so the solid wood column not only has heavy weight, but also wastes wood resources. The hollow wooden column can reduce the dead weight of the wooden structure, improve the rigidity of the structure and has good anti-seismic performance. If the small-diameter wood can be used for manufacturing the hollow round wooden column, a large amount of high-quality wood can be saved, and the utilization rate and the utilization value of the small-diameter wood can be improved. However, when a small-diameter wood is used to make a large-diameter hollow round timber column with a diameter of more than 400mm, the problems of difficult assembly operation and poor assembly precision exist, and therefore, the quality of the large-diameter hollow timber column is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further widen the utilization field of the small diameter wood, further improve the wood utilization rate and the utilization value of the small diameter wood, facilitate the assembly operation in the manufacturing process of the large diameter hollow round wood column and improve the assembly precision, thereby ensuring the quality of the large diameter hollow round wood column with the diameter of more than 400mm and reducing the wood loss in the processing process, the invention provides a method for manufacturing the large diameter hollow round wood column with dovetail joint connection with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm by using the small diameter wood with the small head diameter of 150 mm-160 mm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing small-diameter wood sections: selecting small-diameter wood with good roundness of appearance, straight length direction and diameter of 150-160 mm, and cutting the small-diameter wood into small-diameter wood sections with length of 3100 mm.
Step 2: sawing small-diameter wood sections: a multi-saw-blade circular sawing machine is adopted to process the small-diameter wood sections into two rough edge plates with the thickness of 66mm and the side surfaces with the cylindrical surfaces reserved according to the bilateral symmetry principle at one time.
And step 3: trimming the rough edge plate: adopt two saw blade trimming circular sawing machines to carry out the edging to the both sides of deckle edge board, process out the perpendicular side of perpendicular to bottom surface, the panel bottom surface width after the edging is 132mm, can remain partial face of cylinder between perpendicular side and the top surface.
And 4, step 4: drying the edge-flush plate: the board after edge alignment is naturally dried and then is forcibly dried, and the edge alignment board is dried to the water content of 12-15%.
And 5: drying and edging the plate, and performing finish machining: and (3) performing finish machining on the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried flush edge plate by adopting a double-sided woodworking planer to obtain an equal-thickness plate with the thickness of 60mm, wherein a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surface and the top surface.
Step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid section unit body: finish machining is carried out on the left side and the right side of the constant-thickness finish-machined equal-thickness plate by adopting a double-sided woodworking milling machine with an obliquely adjustable cutter shaft, two inclined side surfaces which are bilaterally symmetrical are machined to obtain an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the width of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is 120mm, the thickness of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is 60mm, a part of cylindrical surface can still remain between the inclined side surfaces and the top surface, an included angle alpha between the two inclined side surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is determined according to the diameter D of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow wood prism formed by the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body
D＞400mm。
And 7: the isosceles trapezoid section unit body with the dovetail mortises is prepared: dovetail mortises are processed on two inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section by adopting a dovetail milling cutter and a special double-end dovetail mortising machine with an obliquely adjustable cutter shaft, the dovetail milling cutter moves towards the middle from two ends of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section along the length direction parallel to the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the axis of the dovetail milling cutter is vertical to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the bottom surface of the dovetail mortises is parallel to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, 4 dovetail grooves are processed on each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body, the distance from the open end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of the circular arc closed section is 300mm, the length of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 309.5mm, the width of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 19mm, the depth of each dovetail groove is 10mm, the included angle between the two side surfaces of each dovetail groove is 28 degrees, and the center line of each dovetail groove is parallel to the bottom surface edge of each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body and the distance of each dovetail groove is 30 mm.
And 8: processing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long wood strips: symmetrical V-shaped grooves are simultaneously processed on two vertical side surfaces of a rectangular-section batten with the width of 19mm, the height of 20mm and the length of more than 950mm by adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a horizontally arranged tapered shank milling cutter, two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through an upper edge and a lower edge of the rectangular-section batten, and an included angle between the two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long batten is obtained.
And step 9: preparing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strips: and cutting the double-dovetail-tenon-shaped long battens into double-dovetail-tenon-shaped short battens with the length of 309.5mm by using a circular saw.
Step 10: preparing a double-dovetail tenon-shaped wood pin: adopt vertical milling machine and V-arrangement milling cutter, the contained angle of V-arrangement milling cutter cutting edge is 152, the semicircle motion is done at the one end of the short stuff strip of two forked tail tenon shape to the axis of V-arrangement milling cutter, the centre of a circle of semicircle motion is located the central line of the short stuff strip length direction of two forked tail tenon shapes, and be 300mm with the distance between the short stuff strip other end of two forked tail tenon shapes, the cross-sectional profile of V-arrangement milling cutter coincides with the V-arrangement groove of the short stuff both sides of two forked tail tenon shapes, process into the semicircle with the one end of the short stuff strip of two forked tail tenon shapes, the cross-sectional shape of semicircle end is unanimous with the V-arrangement groove of side, obtain two forked tail tenon shape stuff dowels, the length of two forked tail tenon shape stuff dowels.
Step 11: sizing the isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies with dovetail mortises: applying a melamine adhesive to one inclined side surface of the trapezoidal section unit body by adopting a roller coating method, wherein the single-side adhesive application amount is 150g/m2～170g/m2(ii) a And simultaneously, gluing the inner surface of the dovetail groove by using a brush.
Step 12: dovetail joint's hollow wooden prism group of big section: according to the formula
Calculating the required number of hollow wood prisms with an inscribed cylinder diameter DThe number n of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with the dovetail mortises is then arranged and assembled according to the structural requirements of the hollow wooden prisms; when assembling, firstly splicing the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together to align the dovetail mortises on the two corresponding inclined side surfaces to form double dovetail mortises, then respectively inserting the arc ends of the double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the aligned double dovetail mortises from the two ends, and inserting the whole double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the double dovetail mortises, thereby connecting the two isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together; connecting the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by using double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins; by parity of reasoning, the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises is connected to the (n-2) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins; and finally, connecting the nth unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section of the dovetail mortise with the (n-1) th and 1 st unit bodies with the isosceles trapezoid cross section of the dovetail mortise by adopting a double-dovetail tenon-shaped wood pin, and finishing assembly to obtain the dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism blank with the regular polygonal cross section outline.
Step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: and bundling the large-section hollow wood prism blank assembled in a dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, performing cold pressing gluing, placing for 24 hours, finishing cold pressing, and removing the binding belt to obtain the dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism.
Step 14: turning a large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by dovetail joints: and turning the cold-pressed and glued dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inner tangent cylinder of the hollow wood prism to obtain the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column.
Step 15: the specification and length of the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column are cut off: according to the length specification requirement, the two ends of a hollow round wooden column with the length of 3100mm are cut off by a sawing method, and a dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wooden column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm is obtained.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the utilization rate of the small-diameter wood can be improved. The method for symmetrically processing a small-diameter wood into two units with isosceles trapezoid cross sections has the advantages that the outturn percentage is obviously higher than that of the units with rectangular cross sections, and the utilization rate of the small-diameter wood for manufacturing the hollow round wooden column is over 70 percent.
(2) Further widening the application field of the small-diameter wood and improving the use value of the small-diameter wood.
(3) The dovetail joint connection mode is adopted to manufacture the large-diameter hollow round wood column, assembly is convenient and rapid, assembly precision is high, and quality is good.
(4) Only need process out a segment forked tail tongue-and-groove at the both ends of isosceles trapezoid cross section cell cube, adopt forked tail tenon shape cotter pin to connect, need not to process out tongue-and-groove and tenon that link up on isosceles trapezoid cross section cell cube, the timber loss is little.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a small-diameter log section saw
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of edge trimming of a rough edge plate
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the fixed-thickness finish machining of a dry flush edge plate
FIG. 4 schematic diagram for making isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies
FIG. 5 schematic diagram for preparing isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises
FIG. 6 is a view showing a structure of an isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with dovetail mortises
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a processing of a double dovetail tenon type long batten
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a double dovetail tenon type wood pin
FIG. 9 Structure of double dovetail tenon type wooden Pin
FIG. 10 schematic diagram of dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism assembly
FIG. 11 dovetail joint large section hollow wood prism blank
FIG. 12 dovetail joint large section hollow wood prism cold pressing glue principle diagram
FIG. 13 schematic diagram of turning large-diameter hollow round wooden column with dovetail joint
FIG. 14 dovetail joint large diameter hollow round wood column
In FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 11, and 14, α is an angle between two inclined side surfaces of the isosceles trapezoidal section unit bodies, and D is a diameter of an inscribed cylinder of the hollow wooden prism
Detailed Description
The following description will further describe an embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 14.
A dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm is manufactured by small-diameter wood with the small-end diameter of 150 mm-160 mm, and the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing small-diameter wood sections: selecting small-diameter wood with good roundness of appearance, straight length direction and diameter of 150-160 mm, and cutting the small-diameter wood into small-diameter wood sections with length of 3100 mm.
Step 2: sawing small-diameter wood sections: a multi-saw-blade circular sawing machine is adopted to process the small-diameter wood sections into two rough edge plates with the thickness of 66mm and the side surfaces with the cylindrical surfaces reserved according to the bilateral symmetry principle at one time.
And step 3: trimming the rough edge plate: adopt two saw blade trimming circular sawing machines to carry out the edging to the both sides of deckle edge board, process out the side of perpendicular to bottom surface, the panel bottom surface width after the edging is 132mm, but the side remains partial face of cylinder.
And 4, step 4: drying the edge-flush plate: the board after edge alignment is naturally dried and then is forcibly dried, and the edge alignment board is dried to the water content of 12-15%.
And 5: drying and edging the plate, and performing finish machining: and (3) finely processing the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried flush edge plate by using a double-sided woodworking planer to obtain an equal-thickness plate with the thickness of 60mm, wherein a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surface and the top surface.
Step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid section unit body: adopting a double-sided woodworking milling machine with an obliquely adjustable cutter shaft to finish the left side and the right side of the constant-thickness finish-machined equal-thickness plate, machining two left-right symmetrical inclined side surfaces, and obtaining equal thickness platesThe isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies have the bottom surface width of 120mm and the thickness of 60mm, partial cylindrical surfaces can still be remained between the inclined side surfaces and the top surface, the included angle alpha between the two inclined side surfaces of each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body is determined according to the diameter D of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow regular polygon wood prism formed by the isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies, and the mathematical relationship between the alpha and the D is that
D is more than 400 mm; such as:
D＝447.85mm，α＝30°；
when D is 564.56mm, alpha is 24 degree;
when D is 603.28mm, alpha is 22.5 degree;
when D is 680.55mm, alpha is 20 degree;
when D is 757.65mm, alpha is 18 degrees;
when D is 911.49mm, alpha is 15 degrees;
when D is 1141.72mm, α is 12 °.
And 7: the isosceles trapezoid section unit body with the dovetail mortises is prepared: dovetail mortises are processed on two inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section by adopting a dovetail milling cutter and a special double-end dovetail mortising machine with an obliquely adjustable cutter shaft, the dovetail milling cutter moves towards the middle from two ends of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section along the length direction parallel to the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the axis of the dovetail milling cutter is vertical to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the bottom surface of the dovetail mortises is parallel to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, 4 dovetail grooves are processed on each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body, the distance from the open end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of the circular arc closed section is 300mm, the length of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 309.5mm, the width of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 19mm, the depth of each dovetail groove is 10mm, the included angle between the two side surfaces of each dovetail groove is 28 degrees, and the center line of each dovetail groove is parallel to the bottom surface edge of each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body and the distance of each dovetail groove is 30 mm.
And 8: processing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long wood strips: symmetrical V-shaped grooves are simultaneously processed on two vertical side surfaces of a rectangular-section batten with the width of 19mm, the height of 20mm and the length of more than 950mm by adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a horizontally arranged tapered shank milling cutter, two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through an upper edge and a lower edge of the rectangular-section batten, and an included angle between the two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long batten is obtained.
And step 9: preparing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strips: and cutting the double-dovetail-tenon-shaped long battens into double-dovetail-tenon-shaped short battens with the length of 309.5mm by using a circular saw.
Step 10: preparing a double-dovetail tenon-shaped wood pin: adopt vertical milling machine and V-arrangement milling cutter, the contained angle of V-arrangement milling cutter cutting edge is 152, the semicircle motion is done at the one end of the short stuff strip of two forked tail tenon shape to the axis of V-arrangement milling cutter, the centre of a circle of semicircle motion is located the central line of the short stuff strip length direction of two forked tail tenon shapes, and be 300mm with the distance between the short stuff strip other end of two forked tail tenon shapes, the cross-sectional profile of V-arrangement milling cutter coincides with the V-arrangement groove of the short stuff both sides of two forked tail tenon shapes, process into the semicircle with the one end of the short stuff strip of two forked tail tenon shapes, the cross-sectional shape of semicircle end is unanimous with the V-arrangement groove of side, obtain two forked tail tenon shape stuff dowels, the length of two forked tail tenon shape stuff dowels.
Step 11: sizing the isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies with dovetail mortises: applying a melamine adhesive to one side surface of the unit body with the trapezoidal section by adopting a roller coating method, wherein the single-side adhesive application amount is 150g/m2～170g/m2(ii) a And simultaneously, gluing the inner surface of the dovetail groove by using a brush.
Step 12: dovetail joint's hollow wooden prism group of big section: according to the formula
Calculating the number n of isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies with dovetail mortises required by forming a hollow wood prism with an internally tangent cylinder diameter D, such as:
D＝447.85mm，α＝30°，n＝12；
D＝564.56mm，α＝24°，n＝15；
D＝603.28mm，α＝22.5°，n＝16；
D＝680.55mm，α＝20°，n＝18；
D＝757.65mm，α＝18°，n＝20；
D＝911.49mm，α＝15°，n＝24；
D＝1141.72mm，α＝12°，n＝30；
then arranging and assembling the blank according to the structural requirements of the hollow wood prism; when assembling, firstly splicing the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together to align the dovetail mortises on the two corresponding inclined side surfaces to form double dovetail mortises, then respectively inserting the arc ends of the double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the aligned double dovetail mortises from the two ends, and inserting the whole double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the double dovetail mortises, thereby connecting the two isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together; connecting the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by using double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins; by parity of reasoning, the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises is connected to the (n-2) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins; and finally, connecting the nth unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section of the dovetail mortise with the (n-1) th and 1 st unit bodies with the isosceles trapezoid cross section of the dovetail mortise by adopting a double-dovetail tenon-shaped wood pin, and finishing assembly to obtain the dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism blank with the regular polygonal cross section outline.
Step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: and bundling the large-section hollow wood prism blanks assembled in a dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, performing cold pressing gluing, placing for 24 hours, finishing cold pressing, and removing the binding belt to obtain the dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism with a regular polygon cross section outline.
Step 14: turning a large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by dovetail joints: and turning the cold-pressed and glued dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inner tangent cylinder of the hollow wood prism to obtain the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column.
Step 15: the specification and length of the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column are cut off: according to the length specification requirement, the two ends of a hollow round wooden column with the length of 3100mm are cut off by a sawing method, and a dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wooden column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm is obtained.
Through test production verification, the dovetail joint-made large-diameter hollow round wood column assembly manufactured by the method is convenient and quick, high in assembly precision, small in wood loss, good in bonding performance and strong in bearing capacity of the wood column, and can meet the use requirement.
Claims (1)
1. A method for manufacturing a dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm by using small-diameter wood with the small-end diameter of 150 mm-160 mm comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing small-diameter wood sections: selecting small-diameter wood with good roundness of appearance, straight length direction and 150-160 mm diameter, and cutting the small-diameter wood into small-diameter wood sections with 3100mm length; the method is characterized in that: further comprising the steps of:
step 2: sawing small-diameter wood sections: processing the small-diameter wood sections into two rough edge plates with the thickness of 66mm and cylindrical surfaces reserved on the side surfaces at one time by adopting a multi-saw-blade circular sawing machine according to the bilateral symmetry principle;
and step 3: trimming the rough edge plate: trimming two sides of the rough edge plate by adopting a double-saw-blade trimming circular sawing machine to process vertical side surfaces vertical to the bottom surface, wherein the width of the bottom surface of the trimmed plate is 132mm, and a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surfaces and the top surface;
and 4, step 4: drying the edge-flush plate: naturally drying the edge-trimmed plate, then forcibly drying the edge-trimmed plate to reach a water content of 12-15%;
and 5: drying and edging the plate, and performing finish machining: finish machining is carried out on the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried flush edge plate by adopting a double-sided woodworking planer to enable the flush edge plate to be an equal-thickness plate with the thickness of 60mm, and a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surface and the top surface;
step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid section unit body: double-side adjustable by adopting inclinable cutter shaftFinish machining is carried out on the left side and the right side of the equal-thickness plate after finish machining in a fixed thickness mode through a woodworking milling machine, two inclined side faces which are symmetrical left and right are machined, an isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body is obtained, the width of the bottom face of the isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body is 120mm, the thickness of the bottom face of the isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body is 60mm, partial cylindrical surfaces can still be remained between the inclined side faces and the top face of the isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body, an included angle alpha between the two inclined side faces of the isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body is determined according to the diameter D of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow
And 7: the isosceles trapezoid section unit body with the dovetail mortises is prepared: dovetail mortises are processed on two inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section by adopting a dovetail milling cutter and a special double-end dovetail mortising machine with an obliquely adjustable cutter shaft, the dovetail milling cutter moves towards the middle from two ends of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section along the length direction parallel to the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the axis of the dovetail milling cutter is vertical to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the bottom surface of the dovetail mortises is parallel to the inclined side surfaces of the unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section, the method comprises the following steps that 4 dovetail grooves are machined on each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body, the distance from the opening end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of the arc closed section is 300mm, the length of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 309.5mm, the width of the bottom surface of each dovetail groove is 19mm, the depth of each dovetail groove is 10mm, the included angle between the two side surfaces of each dovetail groove is 28 degrees, the center line of each dovetail groove is parallel to the edge of the bottom surface of each isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body, and the distance between each dovetail groove and the edge of the bottom;
and 8: processing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long wood strips: symmetrical V-shaped grooves are simultaneously processed on two vertical side surfaces of a wood strip with a rectangular section, the width of which is 19mm, the height of which is 20mm and the length of which is greater than 950mm, by adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a horizontally arranged tapered shank milling cutter, wherein two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through an upper edge and a lower edge of the wood strip with the rectangular section, and an included angle between the two inclined side surfaces of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that the double-dovetail tenon-shaped long wood strip is obtained;
and step 9: preparing the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strips: cutting the double-dovetail-tenon-shaped long battens into double-dovetail-tenon-shaped short battens with the length of 309.5mm by using a circular sawing machine;
step 10: preparing a double-dovetail tenon-shaped wood pin: adopting a vertical milling machine and a V-shaped milling cutter, wherein the included angle of the cutting edge of the V-shaped milling cutter is 152 degrees, the axis of the V-shaped milling cutter performs semicircular arc motion at one end of the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strip, the circle center of the semicircular arc motion is positioned on the central line of the length direction of the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strip, the distance between the circle center and the other end of the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strip is 300mm, the section outline of the V-shaped milling cutter is superposed with the V-shaped grooves at the two sides of the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strip, one end of the double-dovetail tenon-shaped short wood strip is processed into a semicircular arc, the section shape of the semicircular arc end is consistent with the V-shaped groove at the side surface, and the double-dovetail tenon;
step 11: sizing the isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies with dovetail mortises: applying a melamine adhesive to one inclined side surface of the trapezoidal section unit body by adopting a roller coating method, wherein the single-side adhesive application amount is 150g/m2～170g/m2(ii) a Simultaneously, gluing the inner surface of the dovetail mortise by using a brush;
step 12: dovetail joint's hollow wooden prism group of big section: according to the formula
Calculating the number n of isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies with dovetail mortises required by forming a hollow wood prism with an internally tangent cylinder diameter D, and then arranging and assembling the hollow wood prism according to the structural requirements of the hollow wood prism; when assembling, firstly splicing the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together to align the dovetail mortises on the two corresponding inclined side surfaces to form double dovetail mortises, then respectively inserting the arc ends of the double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the aligned double dovetail mortises from the two ends, and inserting the whole double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins into the double dovetail mortises, thereby connecting the two isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit bodies with dovetail mortises together; then, the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises is connected to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by using double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pinsThe cross section unit bodies; by parity of reasoning, the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises is connected to the (n-2) th isosceles trapezoid cross-section unit body with the dovetail mortises by double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins; finally, connecting the nth unit body with the isosceles trapezoid cross section of the dovetail mortises with the (n-1) th and 1 st unit bodies with the isosceles trapezoid cross sections of the dovetail mortises by adopting double dovetail tenon-shaped wood pins, and obtaining a dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism blank with a regular polygonal cross section outline after assembly;
step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: bundling the large-section hollow wood prism blanks assembled in a dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, performing cold pressing gluing, placing for 24 hours, finishing cold pressing, and removing the binding belt to obtain the dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism with a regular polygonal section outline;
step 14: turning a large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by dovetail joints: turning the cold-pressed and glued dovetail joint large-section hollow wood prism by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inner tangent cylinder of the hollow wood prism to obtain a dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column;
step 15: the specification and length of the dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wood column are cut off: according to the length specification requirement, the two ends of a hollow round wooden column with the length of 3100mm are cut off by a sawing method, and a dovetail joint large-diameter hollow round wooden column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm is obtained.
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| FR1255448A (en) * | 1960-01-27 | 1961-03-10 | Improvements to multi-element furniture | |
| CH584321A5 (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1977-01-31 | Erne Ag | Connector for timber beams in buildings - has double dovetail shape of rectangular cross section for joining |
| FR2348345A1 (en) * | 1976-04-16 | 1977-11-10 | Chambriard Ets Paul | Hollow post fitted and stuck together - is made of four wooden planks with zigzag grooved and notched edges |
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| CN112405708B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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