CN108582309B - Large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108582309B
CN108582309B CN201810356470.XA CN201810356470A CN108582309B CN 108582309 B CN108582309 B CN 108582309B CN 201810356470 A CN201810356470 A CN 201810356470A CN 108582309 B CN108582309 B CN 108582309B
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column
trapezoid
unit
elements
isosceles trapezoid
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CN108582309A (en
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徐伟
方晓阳
李荣荣
吴智慧
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Nanjing Forestry University
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Nanjing Forestry University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27DWORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/10Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting

Abstract

The invention relates to an integrated glued jointed board of a large-format furniture component, which consists of right-angle trapezoid column single elements, diamond column single elements and isosceles trapezoid column single elements; every two trapezoidal columns are glued into a trapezoidal column single element component through the upper bottom surface; two ends of the integrated jointed board are right trapezoid column material single element components, and the middle part is a diamond column material single element component and an isosceles trapezoid column material single element. The preparation method comprises the following steps: log screening, column unit processing and preparing integrated jointed boards. The advantages are that: 1) By adopting the technical scheme, the actual utilization rate of the small-diameter material is higher; 2) The sliding condition of adjacent special-shaped single elements in the splicing process is effectively restrained by embedding the diamond-shaped column single elements in the middle of the trapezoid column single element assembly, so that the planing amount is prevented from increasing due to dislocation of single-layer special-shaped single elements, and simultaneously, the bevel sides of the adjacent single elements do not need to be combined by mortises, so that the wood loss is reduced; 3) The special-shaped jointed board single element releases more internal stress in the log, and the dimensional stability of the plate is better after the integrated gluing.

Description

Large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of small-diameter special-shaped single-element integrated glued jointed boards.
Background
Along with the implementation of natural forest resource protection engineering in China, the contradiction between supply and demand of large-diameter-grade wood raw materials is becoming obvious. The small diameter grade timber in artificial forest has larger and larger proportion in the whole timber resource. However, the small-diameter-grade wood has the defects of low utilization rate, easy cracking and deformation, low mechanical strength, limited unit size and the like. How to innovate the utilization method of the small-diameter log, develop the novel making and integrated gluing technology, is an effective way to solve the difficult problem of high-efficiency utilization of the small-diameter log and to relieve the contradiction between supply and demand of the wood.
At present, small-diameter wood is used for manufacturing large-breadth square timber, the small-diameter wood is firstly split into boards, and longitudinal length splicing, transverse width splicing, lamination thickness splicing and the like are realized through procedures such as comb teeth, gluing and the like, so that the large-breadth jointed board is obtained. The integrated glued component not only can keep the natural texture of the solid wood, but also can avoid the defects of small size of the small-diameter wood and unstable wood property. However, most of jointed boards in the current market are in a traditional flat-jointed mode, and a lot of boards obtained after sawing small-diameter materials are sharp-edged rough edges, if the boards are made into a trimming unit board, then the boards are subjected to flat-jointed, two sides are required to be trimmed into oblique edges, so that the material yield of the small-diameter materials is obviously reduced. There are also patents which propose "special-shaped unit integrated boards", i.e. the cross section of the unit elements of the jointed board is trapezoidal, triangular or rhombic, and the width jointing mode is to directly splice obliquely or to make matching width jointing by making mortises and tenons on the side surfaces of the unit elements. The direct oblique splicing is easy to generate sliding dislocation phenomenon between adjacent single elements in the widening process, so that the height difference is generated, the planing allowance is increased, and the wood loss is increased. The latter method of slotting the dovetail and the tenons also wastes material to some extent, and complicates the machining process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the defects of low utilization rate, complex processing technology, unstable structural performance of furniture components and the like of manufacturing integrated materials by small-diameter materials, and provide a large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board with higher wood utilization rate, higher processing efficiency and more stable structural performance and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: the large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board consists of three column unit elements, wherein each column unit element comprises a right trapezoid column unit element with a right trapezoid cross section, a diamond column unit element with a diamond cross section and an isosceles trapezoid column unit element with an isosceles trapezoid cross section; every two isosceles trapezoid column materials are vertically symmetrical, an isosceles trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue, every two right trapezoid column material single elements are vertically symmetrical, right angle sides are aligned, and the right trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue; two ends of the large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board are two groups of right trapezoid column material unit component, the cross section bevel edge waist length of the right trapezoid column material unit component is the same as the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component, the middle part of the integrated jointed board is provided with the diamond column material unit component and isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, the diamond column material unit component is inserted between two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, and the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component is the same as the isosceles trapezoid cross section waist length; a diamond-shaped column unit element is inserted between the right trapezoid column unit element assembly and the isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly; the diamond-shaped column unit elements are respectively glued and fixed with the right-angle trapezoid column unit elements and the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening raw wood;
(2) Processing and forming the column material single element;
(3) Column material single element treatment;
(4) And (5) preparing an integrated jointed board.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The actual utilization rate and the yield of the small-diameter timber are higher, the loss of the timber is less, the abnormal-shaped single element is processed by adopting a sawing method, the processing technology is optimized, and the utilization rate of the material is higher;
2) The upper bottom surface of the upper trapezoid column unit and the lower trapezoid column unit are glued to form a component, the diamond column unit is embedded in the middle of the component, so that the sliding condition of adjacent special-shaped unit in the process of splicing is effectively restrained, the planing amount is prevented from being increased due to dislocation of single-layer special-shaped unit, meanwhile, the bevel sides of the adjacent unit are not required to be combined through mortises, and wood loss is reduced;
3) The smaller special-shaped jointed board single elements release more internal stress in the log, the expansion coefficient is smaller, the bonding area between adjacent jointed boards is larger, the dimensional stability of the integrated glued board is better, and the quality of the jointed board is higher.
4) The wood grain and the color change of the two end faces of the whole solid wood jointed board are more jumped, the appearance is more attractive, and certain decoration is achieved.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a four quarter down saw.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of right angle trapezoidal pillar unit components glued together.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a diamond column unit structure.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an isosceles trapezoid pillar unit cell and an isosceles trapezoid pillar unit cell assembly glued together.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the integrated glued panel of the large-format furniture component.
Detailed Description
The large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board consists of three column unit elements, wherein each column unit element comprises a right trapezoid column unit element with a right trapezoid cross section, a diamond column unit element with a diamond cross section and an isosceles trapezoid column unit element with an isosceles trapezoid cross section; every two isosceles trapezoid column materials are vertically symmetrical, an isosceles trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue, every two right trapezoid column material single elements are vertically symmetrical, right angle sides are aligned, and the right trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue; two ends of the large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board are two groups of right trapezoid column material unit component, the cross section bevel edge waist length of the right trapezoid column material unit component is the same as the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component, the middle part of the integrated jointed board is provided with the diamond column material unit component and isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, the diamond column material unit component is inserted between two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, and the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component is the same as the isosceles trapezoid cross section waist length; a diamond-shaped column unit element is inserted between the right trapezoid column unit element assembly and the isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly; the diamond-shaped column unit elements are respectively glued and fixed with the right-angle trapezoid column unit elements and the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements.
The angle of the oblique sides of the right trapezoid column material single element and the isosceles trapezoid column material single element is 45 degrees, and the section of the diamond column material single element is square.
The diamond column unit is manufactured by accurately machining through four-side planing after lengthening by machining scraps.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Screening raw wood;
(2) Processing and forming the column material single element;
(3) Column material single element treatment;
(4) And (5) preparing an integrated jointed board.
The step (1) of log screening: sorting the logs with small diameter, selecting logs with small diameter and similar curvature, and cutting at the bending position when the bending degree of the logs reaches 20mm-25 mm.
And (3) processing and forming the column unit element in the step (2): dividing log into four equal parts to obtain a fan-shaped plate, removing bark from the fan-shaped plate by using a band saw to obtain a triangular unit, and then cutting the triangular unit into trapezoid column unit elements with right trapezoid or isosceles trapezoid cross sections by using a horizontal band saw, wherein the height and the bevel waist length of the right trapezoid column unit elements are the same as those of the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements; the diamond column material single element with the cross section side length the same as the isosceles trapezoid cross section bevel edge waist length is manufactured by four-side planing.
And (3) column unit processing: drying the column unit element obtained by the treatment in the step (2), removing the surface defect of the wood by using an air shear after drying, then milling finger tenons in the horizontal direction on the trapezoid unit element, performing longitudinal lengthening according to the requirement of jointed boards, and then selecting a proper reference surface for planing, milling and sanding.
The step (4) is to prepare an integrated jointed board: firstly, selecting two right-angle trapezoid column material single elements, gluing the upper bottom surface of one right-angle trapezoid column material single element and the inclined surfaces of all right-angle trapezoid column material single elements, wherein every two right-angle trapezoid column materials are vertically symmetrical and aligned, gluing the upper bottom surfaces to form a right-angle trapezoid column material single element assembly, and two groups of edge single elements of a jointed board are right-angle trapezoid column material single element assemblies; selecting proper isosceles trapezoid column unit elements according to the width requirement of the furniture component, gluing the upper bottom surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements, wherein every two isosceles trapezoid column unit elements are vertically symmetrical and glued into an isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly through the upper bottom surfaces; and a diamond-shaped column unit is inserted between every two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column unit components, a diamond-shaped column unit is also inserted between each right-angle trapezoid column unit component and each isosceles trapezoid column unit component, clamping and pressing are respectively carried out on two sides and the upper side of the jointed board by using a clamp, the side pressure is 0.6Mpa-1.2Mpa, the front pressure is 0.4Mpa-0.6Mpa, the pressure is maintained until the adhesive is completely cured, and then the integrated glued jointed board of the large-format furniture component is prepared by carrying out ageing and curing.
In the step (4), in the preparation of the integrated jointed board, when the isosceles trapezoid column unit and the right trapezoid column unit are glued, the gluing amount is 250-320g/m 2
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, the log is split into four equal parts according to the log condition to obtain a fan-shaped plate, the fan-shaped plate is classified, and then the fan-shaped plate is sawn into trapezoid plates with certain thickness. The method has the advantages that not only can the pith and core decay parts of some precious small-diameter tree species be removed, but also the transverse sharpness can be reduced, and the quality of the special-shaped single element plate is improved. And the oblique angles of the oblique sides of the obtained trapezoid single elements are uniform, so that the procedure of controlling the oblique sides of the abnormal single elements to be uniform is reduced.
Drying after obtaining the trapezoid single elements, removing wood surface defects by an air shearing machine, horizontally milling finger tenons and longitudinal lengthening the trapezoid single elements according to the requirement of jointed boards, and then selecting a proper reference surface for planing, milling and sanding.
Because the log is split in four equal parts, the angle of two oblique sides of the obtained trapezoid is 45 degrees, the cross section of the single element inserted in the middle is just square, and the side length of the square is equal to the side length of the oblique side of the trapezoid.
As shown in figure 2, a group of trapezoid single elements are firstly taken and longitudinally sectioned from the middle to obtain two groups of right trapezoid single elements, and the right trapezoid single elements are placed at two edges of a jointed board to be conveniently fixed by a clamp. Coating the upper bottom surface of one right trapezoid single element and the inclined surfaces of the two trapezoid single elements with the adhesive coating amount of 250-320g/m 2
As shown in figure 3, the square plate single element with the specification inserted in the middle can be manufactured by precisely machining by four-side planing after lengthening by utilizing leftover materials of furniture processing, and the machining process is convenient and efficient.
As shown in fig. 4, a proper set of trapezoidal unit pieces is selected according to the width requirement, and the upper bottom surfaces of the unit pieces therein and all the inclined surfaces are respectively sized.
As shown in fig. 5, two right-angle trapezoid column unit elements are selected, the upper bottom surface of one right-angle trapezoid column unit element and the inclined surfaces of all right-angle trapezoid column unit elements are glued, every two right-angle trapezoid column units are vertically symmetrical and aligned, a right-angle trapezoid column unit element assembly is formed by gluing the upper bottom surface, and two groups of edge unit elements of a jointed board are right-angle trapezoid column unit element assemblies; selecting proper isosceles trapezoid column unit elements according to the width requirement of the furniture component, gluing the upper bottom surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements, wherein every two isosceles trapezoid column unit elements are vertically symmetrical and glued into an isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly through the upper bottom surfaces; and a diamond-shaped column unit is inserted between every two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column unit components, a diamond-shaped column unit is also inserted between each right-angle trapezoid column unit component and each isosceles trapezoid column unit component, clamping and pressing are respectively carried out on two sides and the upper side of the jointed board by using a clamp, the side pressure is 0.6Mpa-1.2Mpa, the front pressure is 0.4Mpa-0.6Mpa, the pressure is maintained until the adhesive is completely cured, and then the integrated glued jointed board of the large-format furniture component is prepared by carrying out ageing and curing.
Example 1
A method of making a large format furniture component integrated glue panel comprising the steps of:
a. sorting logs, observing the bending degree of logs with small diameter, and cutting off the logs with small diameter, which have larger bending degree, at the position where the bending degree reaches 20-25 mm;
b. then dividing the log into four equal parts according to the log situation to obtain a fan-shaped plate, removing bark by using a band saw to obtain a triangular unit, and dividing the triangular unit into trapezoid cross-section single elements according to a certain thickness by using a horizontal band saw. The method has the advantages that not only can the pith and core decay parts of some precious small-diameter tree species be proposed, but also the transverse sharpness can be reduced, and the quality of the special-shaped single element plate is improved. And the obtained trapezoid single element has uniform inclination angles of a pair of hypotenuses, so that the procedure of controlling the identical angles of the hypotenuses of the special-shaped single elements is reduced. The diamond column single element inserted in the middle can be made of wood with similar properties to the trapezoid single element or factory processed leftover materials;
c. drying after obtaining the trapezoid single elements, removing wood surface defects by an air shear, horizontally milling finger tenons of the trapezoid single elements, longitudinally lengthening the trapezoid single elements according to the requirement of jointed boards, and planing, milling and sanding by selecting a proper reference surface;
d. the log is split in four equal parts, the angle of two oblique sides of the obtained trapezoid is 45 degrees, so that the cross section of a single element inserted in the middle is square, the side length of the square is equal to that of the oblique sides of the trapezoid, the square plate single element with the specification inserted in the middle can be manufactured by accurately machining through four-side planing after the leftover materials of the machined furniture are lengthened, and the machining procedure is convenient and efficient;
e. and then gluing the jointed board single elements, firstly taking a group of trapezoid single elements, longitudinally cutting the trapezoid single elements from the middle to obtain two groups of right trapezoid single elements, and placing the right trapezoid single elements at two edges of the jointed board to facilitate the fixture to fix. Coating the upper bottom surface of one right trapezoid single element and the inclined surfaces of the two trapezoid single elements with the adhesive coating amount of 250-320g/m 2 And selecting a proper group of trapezoidal single elements according to the width requirement, respectively sizing the upper bottom surfaces of the single elements and all the inclined surfaces, putting four-sided columns into the single elements, and splicing the single elements into a proper width according to the size requirement of the spliced plate. Clamping and pressing the two sides and the upper part of the jointed board by using a clamp respectively, wherein the side pressure is 0.6-1.2 Mpa, the front pressure is 0.4-0.6 Mpa, and aging and curing are carried out after pressure maintaining.

Claims (1)

1. The large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board is characterized by comprising three column unit elements, wherein each column unit element comprises a right trapezoid column unit element with a right trapezoid cross section, a diamond column unit element with a diamond cross section and an isosceles trapezoid column unit element with an isosceles trapezoid cross section; every two isosceles trapezoid column materials are vertically symmetrical, an isosceles trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue, every two right trapezoid column material single elements are vertically symmetrical, right angle sides are aligned, and the right trapezoid column material single element assembly is synthesized through upper bottom surface glue; two ends of the large-breadth furniture component integrated glued jointed board are two groups of right trapezoid column material unit component, the cross section bevel edge waist length of the right trapezoid column material unit component is the same as the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component, the middle part of the integrated jointed board is provided with the diamond column material unit component and isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, the diamond column material unit component is inserted between two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column material unit component, and the cross section side length of the diamond column material unit component is the same as the isosceles trapezoid cross section waist length; a diamond-shaped column unit element is inserted between the right trapezoid column unit element assembly and the isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly; the diamond-shaped column unit elements are respectively glued and fixed with the right-angle trapezoid column unit elements and the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements;
the bevel angles of the right trapezoid column material single element and the isosceles trapezoid column material single element are 45 degrees, and the section of the rhombus column material single element is square;
the diamond column unit is manufactured by accurately machining through four-side planing after lengthening by machining scraps;
a method of making a large format furniture component integrated glue panel comprising the steps of:
(1) Screening raw wood;
(2) Processing and forming the column material single element;
(3) Column material single element treatment;
(4) Preparing an integrated jointed board;
the step (1) of log screening: sorting the logs with small diameter, selecting logs with small diameter and similar curvature, and cutting at the bending position when the bending degree of the logs reaches 20mm-25 mm;
and (3) processing and forming the column unit element in the step (2): dividing log into four equal parts to obtain a fan-shaped plate, removing bark from the fan-shaped plate by using a band saw to obtain a triangular unit, and then cutting the triangular unit into trapezoid column unit elements with right trapezoid or isosceles trapezoid cross sections by using a horizontal band saw, wherein the height and the bevel waist length of the right trapezoid column unit elements are the same as those of the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements; preparing a diamond column material single element with the cross section side length identical to the isosceles trapezoid cross section bevel edge waist length by using a four-sided planer;
and (3) column unit processing: drying the column unit elements obtained in the step (2), removing the surface defects of the wood by using an air shear after drying, horizontally milling finger tenons on the trapezoid unit elements, longitudinally lengthening the trapezoid unit elements according to the requirement of jointed boards, and planing, milling and sanding by selecting a proper reference surface;
the step (4) is to prepare an integrated jointed board: firstly, selecting two right-angle trapezoid column material single elements, gluing the upper bottom surface of one right-angle trapezoid column material single element and the inclined surfaces of all right-angle trapezoid column material single elements, wherein every two right-angle trapezoid column materials are vertically symmetrical and aligned, the right-angle trapezoid column material single element assemblies are formed by gluing the upper bottom surfaces, and two groups of single elements at the edges of the integrated glued jointed board of the large-breadth furniture component are right-angle trapezoid column material single element assemblies; selecting proper isosceles trapezoid column unit elements according to the width requirement of the furniture component, gluing the upper bottom surfaces and the inclined surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid column unit elements, wherein every two isosceles trapezoid column unit elements are vertically symmetrical and glued into an isosceles trapezoid column unit element assembly through the upper bottom surfaces; a diamond-shaped column unit element is inserted between two adjacent isosceles trapezoid column unit element assemblies, a diamond-shaped column unit element is also inserted between right trapezoid column unit element assemblies at two ends and the isosceles trapezoid column unit element assemblies, clamping and pressing are respectively carried out on two sides and the upper side of a jointed board by using a clamp, the side pressure is 0.6Mpa-1.2Mpa, the front pressure is 0.4Mpa-0.6Mpa, pressure is maintained until an adhesive is completely cured, and then the integrated glued jointed board of a large-format furniture component is prepared by carrying out ageing and curing;
in the step (4), in the preparation of the integrated jointed board, when the isosceles trapezoid column unit and the right trapezoid column unit are glued, the gluing amount is 250-320g/m 2
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US4476663A (en) * 1983-08-15 1984-10-16 Bikales Victor W Structure with composite members
CN101020324A (en) * 2006-12-11 2007-08-22 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Production process and product of integrated longitudinal cut timber
CN201309194Y (en) * 2008-11-21 2009-09-16 赵佳 Aslant-joint glued board
WO2011051794A2 (en) * 2009-10-30 2011-05-05 Nikolay Skuratov Semisolid wooden panel made of profiled wood sections glued together
CN103372898B (en) * 2012-04-23 2015-07-15 梅州市汇胜木制品有限公司 Integration gluing technology for wood special-shaped unit strips
CN104842412A (en) * 2015-06-15 2015-08-19 北京林业大学 Special-shaped-element-based laminated jointed panel technology
CN208100614U (en) * 2018-04-19 2018-11-16 南京林业大学 The integrated glued jigsaw of large format furniture component

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