CN112405708B - Method for connecting large-diameter hollow round wood columns by using small-diameter wood to form dovetails - Google Patents
Method for connecting large-diameter hollow round wood columns by using small-diameter wood to form dovetails Download PDFInfo
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- CN112405708B CN112405708B CN202011471860.5A CN202011471860A CN112405708B CN 112405708 B CN112405708 B CN 112405708B CN 202011471860 A CN202011471860 A CN 202011471860A CN 112405708 B CN112405708 B CN 112405708B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
- B27B5/02—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only
- B27B5/04—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only for edge trimming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27C—PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
- B27C5/00—Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
- B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
- B27D1/10—Butting blanks of veneer; Joining same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27F—DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES
- B27F5/00—Slotted or mortised work
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Abstract
A method for making large-diameter hollow log column connected by dovetail joint with small-diameter wood includes such steps as cutting small-diameter wood with 150-160 mm diameter into wood segments with 3100mm length, symmetrically sawing to obtain boards with Ji Biancheng thickness 66mm and 132mm bottom width, drying, and machining to obtain isosceles trapezoid unit with 120mm bottom width, 60mm thickness and angle alpha between two inclined sides and 309.5mm long dovetail slot at end, where alpha satisfies the relationD is the diameter of an inscribed cylinder of the hollow wood prism formed by the unit bodies, and D is more than 400mm; sizing the inclined side surfaces and the inner surfaces of the dovetail grooves; from the following componentsCalculating the number n of required unit bodies, connecting the n unit bodies to form a blank by using double-dovetail-shaped wood pins, and then pressing glue to form a hollow wood prism; and turning and cutting to obtain the large-diameter hollow log column with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm and connected by the dovetail joint. Convenient assembly, high precision and good quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wood processing, and relates to a technology for utilizing small-diameter wood by a craftsman, in particular to a method for connecting large-diameter hollow cylinders by using small-diameter wood dovetails.
Background
The yield of the large-diameter wood produced at home at present is smaller, and the yield of the small-diameter wood is larger. The small diameter wood refers to wood with the diameter of 60 mm-160 mm cut from the middle of natural secondary forest or artificial fast-growing forest. In recent years, along with the development of wood processing utilization technology, the utilization field of small-diameter wood is expanded, and the utilization rate and the utilization value are also improved. However, the utilization rate and the utilization value of the small-diameter wood still have room for further improvement, and the utilization rate and the utilization value of the small-diameter wood still remain a hot problem for research in the wood processing field in the future. The wood column is one of important building components, can bear the functions of tension, pressure, shearing force, bending moment and torque, is usually made of large-diameter wood, and has high requirement on the quality of raw wood, and is usually of a solid structure. However, according to the mechanical analysis research, the contribution of the material in the middle of the wood column to the mechanical strength is not great, so that the solid wood column has heavy weight and causes waste of wood resources. The hollow wood column can reduce the dead weight of the wood structure, improve the rigidity of the structure and has good earthquake resistance. If the small-diameter wood can be used for manufacturing the hollow round wood column, a large amount of high-quality wood can be saved, and the utilization rate and the utilization value of the small-diameter wood can be improved. However, when a large-diameter hollow log column with a diameter greater than 400mm is manufactured by using small-diameter wood, the assembly operation is difficult and the assembly precision is poor, so that the quality of the large-diameter hollow log column is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to further widen the utilization field of small-diameter wood, further improve the wood utilization rate and the utilization value of the small-diameter wood, and simultaneously facilitate assembly operation and assembly precision in the manufacturing process of large-diameter hollow round wooden columns, thereby ensuring the quality of large-diameter hollow round wooden columns with the diameter of more than 400mm, and simultaneously reducing the loss of wood in the processing process, the invention provides a method for manufacturing large-diameter hollow round wooden columns connected by dovetails with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm by using small-diameter wooden columns with the small-diameter heads with the diameters of 150-160 mm, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing small-diameter-stage wood sections: the small-diameter wood with good roundness, straight length direction and 150-160 mm diameter is selected and cut into small-diameter-grade wood sections with the length of 3100 mm.
Step 2: sawing and cutting small-diameter-stage wood sections: a multi-saw blade circular sawing machine is adopted to process the small-diameter wood section into two blank boards with the thickness of 66mm and the side surface remaining the cylindrical surface at one time according to the bilateral symmetry principle.
Step 3: mao Bianban trimming: and (3) trimming the two sides of the blank plate by adopting a double-saw-blade trimming circular sawing machine, processing vertical side faces perpendicular to the bottom face, wherein the width of the bottom face of the plate after trimming is 132mm, and a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side faces and the top face.
Step 4: ji Bianban material drying: and (3) naturally drying the aligned plates, then forcibly drying, and drying the aligned plates to a water content of 12-15%.
Step 5: and (3) finishing the thickness of the dried trimming plate: and (3) adopting a double-sided woodworking planer to finish the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried trimming plate to obtain the equal-thickness plate with the thickness of 60mm, wherein a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surface and the top surface.
Step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body: the right and left sides of the constant-thickness plate after the fixed-thickness finish machining are finished by adopting a double-sided woodworking milling machine with a tiltable cutter shaft, so that bilateral symmetry is formedTwo inclined side surfaces are used for obtaining an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the width of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is 120mm, the thickness of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is 60mm, a part of cylindrical surface still can be remained between the inclined side surfaces and the top surface, an included angle alpha between the two inclined side surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is determined according to the diameter D of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow wood prism formed by the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, and the mathematical relationship between the alpha and the D is thatD＞400mm。
Step 7: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail mortises: a dovetail milling cutter and a special double-end dovetail groove machine with a cutter shaft capable of being obliquely adjusted are adopted to process dovetail grooves on two oblique sides of an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the dovetail milling cutter moves from two ends of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body to the middle along the length direction parallel to the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the axis of the dovetail milling cutter is perpendicular to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the bottom surface of the dovetail groove is parallel to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, 4 dovetail grooves are processed on each isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the distance from the opening end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of an arc closing section is 300mm, the length of the bottom surface of the dovetail groove is 309.5mm, the width of the bottom surface is 19mm, the depth of the dovetail groove is 10mm, the included angle between two sides of the dovetail groove is 28 degrees, and the center line of the dovetail groove is parallel to the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and the distance is 30mm.
Step 8: processing double dovetail-shaped long wood strips: the method comprises the steps of simultaneously processing symmetrical V-shaped grooves on two vertical sides of a rectangular-section wood strip with the width of 19mm, the height of 20mm and the length of more than 950mm by adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a conical handle milling cutter which are horizontally arranged, wherein two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through an upper edge and a lower edge of the rectangular-section wood strip, and an included angle between the two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that the double-dovetail-shaped long wood strip is obtained.
Step 9: preparation of double dovetail short wood strips: the double-dovetail long wood strip is cut into double-dovetail short wood strips with the length of 309.5mm by a circular sawing machine.
Step 10: preparation of double dovetail shaped wood pin: the vertical milling machine and the V-shaped milling cutter are adopted, the included angle of the cutting edge of the V-shaped milling cutter is 152 degrees, the axis of the V-shaped milling cutter moves in a semicircular arc manner at one end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the center of the semicircular arc movement is located on the central line of the length direction of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip and is 300mm away from the other end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the section profile of the V-shaped milling cutter coincides with the V-shaped grooves at two sides of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, one end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip is machined into a semicircular arc, the section shape of the semicircular arc end coincides with the V-shaped groove at the side face, and the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is obtained, and the length of the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is 309.5mm.
Step 11: isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body gluing with dovetail mortises: melamine adhesive is applied to one inclined side surface of the trapezoid cross section unit body by adopting a roller coating method, and the single-side sizing amount is 150g/m 2 ～170g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And meanwhile, a hairbrush is adopted to glue the inner surface of the dovetail groove.
Step 12: dovetail joint large section hollow wood prism assembly: according to the formulaCalculating the number n of isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with dovetail mortises required by forming a hollow wood prism with an inscribed cylinder diameter D, and then arranging and assembling according to the structural requirement of the hollow wood prism; during assembly, the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail grooves are spliced together, so that the dovetail grooves on the corresponding two inclined side surfaces are aligned to form double dovetail grooves, then the arc ends of the double dovetail-shaped wood pins are respectively inserted into the aligned double dovetail groove grooves from two ends, and the whole double dovetail-shaped wood pins are inserted into the double dovetail grooves, so that the two isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with the dovetail grooves are connected together; the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove is connected to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by using a double-dovetail wood pin; and so on, the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail grooves is used with double swallowsThe tail tenon-shaped wood pin is connected to the (n-2) isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove; and finally, connecting the nth isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove with the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by adopting a double-dovetail-shaped wood pin, and after finishing assembling, obtaining the large-section hollow wood prism blank with the cross section external contour of regular polygon dovetail connection.
Step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: and binding the large-section hollow wood prism blank assembled in the dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, cold pressing and gluing, and after 24 hours of standing, removing the binding belt to obtain the large-section hollow wood prism connected by the dovetail joint.
Step 14: turning the large-diameter hollow log column connected by the dovetail joint: and turning the large-section hollow wood prisms connected by the cold-pressed glued dovetails by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inscribed cylinder of the hollow wood prisms to obtain the large-diameter hollow round wood columns connected by the dovetails.
Step 15: the specification length of the large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by the dovetail joint is cut off: according to the length specification requirement, cutting two ends of a hollow log column with the length of 3100mm by adopting a sawing method to obtain a large-diameter hollow log column connected by a dovetail joint with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400 mm.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) Can improve the wood utilization rate of the small-diameter wood. The method for symmetrically processing a small-diameter wood into two isosceles trapezoid section unit bodies has the yield obviously higher than that of a method for processing a rectangular section unit body, and the utilization rate of the wood for manufacturing a hollow cylinder by using the small-diameter wood reaches more than 70%.
(2) Further widens the application field of the small-diameter wood and improves the use value of the small-diameter wood.
(3) The large-diameter hollow round wood column is manufactured by adopting a dovetail joint mode, so that the assembly is convenient and quick, the assembly precision is high, and the quality is good.
(4) Only a small section of dovetail mortises are processed at the two ends of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, and the dovetail mortises and tenons are connected by adopting a dovetail wood pin, so that the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is not required to be processed with through mortises and tenons, and the wood loss is small.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a saw cut through a small diameter section of wood
Figure 2 schematic diagram of trimming of rough edge plate
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a dry gauge Bian Bancai finish machining
FIG. 4 schematic diagram of the preparation of isosceles trapezoid cross-section units
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell with an isosceles trapezoid cross section with dovetail slots
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail slots
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a double dovetail long wood strip processing
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a double dovetail shaped wood pin
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a double dovetail shaped dowel
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a dovetail-connected large-section hollow wood prism assembly
FIG. 11 dovetail connection large section hollow wood prism blank
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of cold press gluing of dovetail connected large section hollow wood prisms
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of turning a dovetail-connected large diameter hollow log column
FIG. 14 dovetail connection large diameter hollow log column
In fig. 4, 5, 6, 11 and 14, the angle between two inclined sides of an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body is alpha, and the diameter of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow wood prism is D
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 14.
A large-diameter hollow log column connected by a dovetail joint with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400mm is manufactured by using small-diameter wood with the small-diameter of 150-160 mm, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing small-diameter-stage wood sections: the small-diameter wood with good roundness, straight length direction and 150-160 mm diameter is selected and cut into small-diameter-grade wood sections with the length of 3100 mm.
Step 2: sawing and cutting small-diameter-stage wood sections: a multi-saw blade circular sawing machine is adopted to process the small-diameter wood section into two blank boards with the thickness of 66mm and the side surface remaining the cylindrical surface at one time according to the bilateral symmetry principle.
Step 3: mao Bianban trimming: and (3) trimming the two sides of the blank plate by adopting a double-saw-blade trimming circular sawing machine, machining side faces perpendicular to the bottom face, wherein the width of the bottom face of the plate after trimming is 132mm, and partial cylindrical faces can be remained on the side faces.
Step 4: ji Bianban material drying: and (3) naturally drying the aligned plates, then forcibly drying, and drying the aligned plates to a water content of 12-15%.
Step 5: and (3) finishing the thickness of the dried trimming plate: and (3) adopting a double-sided woodworking planer to finish the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried trimming plate, so that the trimming plate becomes a plate with the thickness of 60mm, and a part of cylindrical surface can be remained between the vertical side surface and the top surface.
Step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body: the method comprises the steps of adopting a double-sided woodworking milling machine with a tiltable cutter shaft to finish the left side and the right side of a constant-thickness plate subjected to finish machining, machining two tilting sides which are bilaterally symmetrical to obtain an isosceles trapezoid section unit body, wherein the width of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid section unit body is 120mm, the thickness is 60mm, a part of cylindrical surface still can be remained between the tilting sides and the top surface, an included angle alpha between the two tilting sides of the isosceles trapezoid section unit body is determined according to the diameter D of an inscribed cylinder of a hollow regular polygon wood prism formed by the isosceles trapezoid section unit body, and the mathematical relationship between the alpha and the D is thatD is more than 400mm; such as:
D＝447.85mm，α＝30°；
d= 564.56mm, α=24°;
d= 603.28mm, α=22.5°;
d= 680.55mm, α=20°;
d= 757.65mm, α=18°;
d= 911.49mm, α=15°;
d= 1141.72mm, α=12°.
Step 7: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail mortises: a dovetail milling cutter and a special double-end dovetail groove machine with a cutter shaft capable of being obliquely adjusted are adopted to process dovetail grooves on two oblique sides of an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the dovetail milling cutter moves from two ends of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body to the middle along the length direction parallel to the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the axis of the dovetail milling cutter is perpendicular to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the bottom surface of the dovetail groove is parallel to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, 4 dovetail grooves are processed on each isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, the distance from the opening end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of an arc closing section is 300mm, the length of the bottom surface of the dovetail groove is 309.5mm, the width of the bottom surface is 19mm, the depth of the dovetail groove is 10mm, the included angle between two sides of the dovetail groove is 28 degrees, and the center line of the dovetail groove is parallel to the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and the distance is 30mm.
Step 8: processing double dovetail-shaped long wood strips: the method comprises the steps of simultaneously processing symmetrical V-shaped grooves on two vertical sides of a rectangular-section wood strip with the width of 19mm, the height of 20mm and the length of more than 950mm by adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a conical handle milling cutter which are horizontally arranged, wherein two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through an upper edge and a lower edge of the rectangular-section wood strip, and an included angle between the two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that the double-dovetail-shaped long wood strip is obtained.
Step 9: preparation of double dovetail short wood strips: the double-dovetail long wood strip is cut into double-dovetail short wood strips with the length of 309.5mm by a circular sawing machine.
Step 10: preparation of double dovetail shaped wood pin: the vertical milling machine and the V-shaped milling cutter are adopted, the included angle of the cutting edge of the V-shaped milling cutter is 152 degrees, the axis of the V-shaped milling cutter moves in a semicircular arc manner at one end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the center of the semicircular arc movement is located on the central line of the length direction of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip and is 300mm away from the other end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the section profile of the V-shaped milling cutter coincides with the V-shaped grooves at two sides of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, one end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip is machined into a semicircular arc, the section shape of the semicircular arc end coincides with the V-shaped groove at the side face, and the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is obtained, and the length of the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is 309.5mm.
Step 11: isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body gluing with dovetail mortises: melamine adhesive is applied to one side face of the trapezoid cross section unit body by adopting a roller coating method, and the single-face sizing amount is 150g/m 2 ～170g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And meanwhile, a hairbrush is adopted to glue the inner surface of the dovetail groove.
Step 12: dovetail joint large section hollow wood prism assembly: according to the formulaCalculating the number n of isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with dovetail mortises required by forming a hollow wood prism with internally tangent cylinder diameter D, wherein the number n is as follows:
D＝447.85mm，α＝30°，n＝12；
D＝564.56mm，α＝24°，n＝15；
D＝603.28mm，α＝22.5°，n＝16；
D＝680.55mm，α＝20°，n＝18；
D＝757.65mm，α＝18°，n＝20；
D＝911.49mm，α＝15°，n＝24；
D＝1141.72mm，α＝12°，n＝30；
then arranging and assembling according to the structural requirement of the hollow wood prism; during assembly, the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail grooves are spliced together, so that the dovetail grooves on the corresponding two inclined side surfaces are aligned to form double dovetail grooves, then the arc ends of the double dovetail-shaped wood pins are respectively inserted into the aligned double dovetail groove grooves from two ends, and the whole double dovetail-shaped wood pins are inserted into the double dovetail grooves, so that the two isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with the dovetail grooves are connected together; the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove is connected to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by using a double-dovetail wood pin; and so on, connecting the (n-1) isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove to the (n-2) isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by using double-dovetail-shaped wood pins; and finally, connecting the nth isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove with the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by adopting a double-dovetail-shaped wood pin, and after finishing assembling, obtaining the large-section hollow wood prism blank with the cross section external contour of regular polygon dovetail connection.
Step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: and binding the large-section hollow wood prism blank assembled in the dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, cold pressing and gluing, and after the long-term standing, removing the binding belt to obtain the large-section hollow wood prism with the dovetail joint and regular polygon cross section outline.
Step 14: turning the large-diameter hollow log column connected by the dovetail joint: and turning the large-section hollow wood prisms connected by the cold-pressed glued dovetails by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inscribed cylinder of the hollow wood prisms to obtain the large-diameter hollow round wood columns connected by the dovetails.
Step 15: the specification length of the large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by the dovetail joint is cut off: according to the length specification requirement, cutting two ends of a hollow log column with the length of 3100mm by adopting a sawing method to obtain a large-diameter hollow log column connected by a dovetail joint with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400 mm.
Through test production verification, the large-diameter hollow round wood column assembly connected by the dovetail joint manufactured by the method is convenient and quick, high in assembly precision, small in wood loss, good in gluing performance, strong in bearing capacity of the wood column and capable of meeting the use requirement.
Claims (1)
1. A method for manufacturing a large-diameter hollow log column connected by a dovetail joint with a length of 3000mm and a diameter of more than 400mm by using small-diameter wood with a small-diameter end of 150-160 mm comprises the following steps: step 1: preparing small-diameter-stage wood sections: selecting small-diameter wood with good roundness, straight length direction and diameter of 150-160 mm, and cutting the small-diameter wood into small-diameter-grade wood sections with length of 3100 mm; the method is characterized in that: the method also comprises the following steps:
step 2: sawing and cutting small-diameter-stage wood sections: adopting a multi-saw blade circular sawing machine to process the small-diameter wood section into two burr plates with the thickness of 66mm and the side surface reserved with a cylindrical surface at one time according to the bilateral symmetry principle;
step 3: mao Bianban trimming: trimming the two sides of the blank plate by adopting a double-saw-blade trimming circular sawing machine, machining a vertical side surface perpendicular to the bottom surface, wherein the width of the bottom surface of the trimmed plate is 132mm, and a part of cylindrical surface remains between the vertical side surface and the top surface;
step 4: ji Bianban material drying: naturally drying the aligned plates, then forcibly drying the plates, and drying the aligned plates to a water content of 12% -15%;
step 5: and (3) finishing the thickness of the dried trimming plate: adopting a double-sided woodworking planer to finish the bottom surface and the top surface of the dried trimming plate to form a plate with the thickness of 60mm, and leaving a part of cylindrical surface between the vertical side surface and the top surface;
step 6: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body: the method comprises the steps of adopting a double-sided woodworking milling machine with inclinable cutter shafts to finish the left side and the right side of a constant-thickness plate subjected to finish machining, machining two inclined side surfaces which are bilaterally symmetrical to obtain an isosceles trapezoid section unit body, wherein the width of the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid section unit body is 120mm, the thickness is 60mm, a part of cylindrical surface still remains between the inclined side surfaces and the top surface, an included angle alpha between the two inclined side surfaces of the isosceles trapezoid section unit body is determined according to the inscribed cylindrical diameter D of a hollow wood prism formed by the isosceles trapezoid section unit body, and the mathematical relationship between the alpha and the D is thatD＞400mm；
Step 7: preparing an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail mortises: adopting a special double-end dovetail groove machine with a dovetail milling cutter and a cutter shaft capable of being obliquely regulated to process dovetail grooves on two oblique sides of an isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, enabling the dovetail milling cutter to move from two ends of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body to the middle along the length direction parallel to the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, enabling the axis of the dovetail milling cutter to be perpendicular to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, enabling the bottom surface of the dovetail grooves to be parallel to the oblique sides of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, processing 4 dovetail grooves on each isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body, enabling the distance from the opening end of each dovetail groove to the circle center of an arc closing section to be 300mm, enabling the bottom surface length of each dovetail groove to be 309.5mm, enabling the bottom surface width to be 19mm, enabling the depth of each dovetail groove to be 10mm, enabling the included angle between two sides of each dovetail groove to be 28 degrees, and enabling the center line of each dovetail groove to be parallel to the bottom surface of the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and enabling the distance to be 30mm;
step 8: processing double dovetail-shaped long wood strips: adopting a double-sided horizontal milling machine and a horizontally arranged conical handle milling cutter to simultaneously process symmetrical V-shaped grooves on two vertical sides of a rectangular section wood strip with the width of 19mm, the height of 20mm and the length of more than 950mm, wherein the two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove respectively pass through the upper edge and the lower edge of the rectangular section wood strip, and the included angle between the two inclined sides of each V-shaped groove is 152 degrees, so that a double-dovetail-shaped long wood strip is obtained;
step 9: preparation of double dovetail short wood strips: cutting the double-dovetail long wood strip into double-dovetail short wood strips with the length of 309.5mm by adopting a circular sawing machine;
step 10: preparation of double dovetail shaped wood pin: adopting a vertical milling machine and a V-shaped milling cutter, wherein the included angle of the cutting edge of the V-shaped milling cutter is 152 degrees, the axis of the V-shaped milling cutter moves in a semicircular arc manner at one end of a double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the center of the semicircular arc movement is positioned on the central line of the length direction of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, the distance between the center of the semicircular arc movement and the other end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip is 300mm, the section profile of the V-shaped milling cutter coincides with the V-shaped grooves at two sides of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip, one end of the double-dovetail-shaped short wood strip is processed into a semicircular arc, the section shape of the semicircular arc end coincides with the V-shaped groove at the side surface, and the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is obtained, and the length of the double-dovetail-shaped wood pin is 309.5mm;
step 11: with dovetail groovesSizing the isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body: melamine adhesive is applied to one inclined side surface of the trapezoid cross section unit body by adopting a roller coating method, and the single-side sizing amount is 150g/m 2 ～170g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Simultaneously, a hairbrush is adopted to glue the inner surface of the dovetail groove;
step 12: dovetail joint large section hollow wood prism assembly: according to the formulaCalculating the number n of isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with dovetail mortises required by forming a hollow wood prism with an inscribed cylinder diameter D, and then arranging and assembling according to the structural requirement of the hollow wood prism; during assembly, the opposite inclined side surfaces of the 1 st isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body and the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with dovetail grooves are spliced together, so that the dovetail grooves on the corresponding two inclined side surfaces are aligned to form double dovetail grooves, then the arc ends of the double dovetail-shaped wood pins are respectively inserted into the aligned double dovetail groove grooves from two ends, and the whole double dovetail-shaped wood pins are inserted into the double dovetail grooves, so that the two isosceles trapezoid cross section unit bodies with the dovetail grooves are connected together; the 3 rd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove is connected to the 2 nd isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by using a double-dovetail wood pin; and so on, connecting the (n-1) isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove to the (n-2) isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by using double-dovetail-shaped wood pins; finally, the nth isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove is respectively connected with the (n-1) th isosceles trapezoid cross section unit body with the dovetail groove by adopting a double-dovetail-shaped wood pin, and after assembly is completed, a large-section hollow wood prism blank with a regular polygon-shaped cross section external contour and in dovetail joint is obtained;
step 13: cold-pressing and gluing the large-section hollow wood prism: binding the large-section hollow wood prism blanks assembled in a dovetail joint mode by using a binding belt, tightening and pressurizing, performing cold pressing and gluing, and after the blank is placed for 24 hours, removing the binding belt to obtain the large-section hollow wood prism with a regular polygon-shaped dovetail joint cross section outline;
step 14: turning the large-diameter hollow log column connected by the dovetail joint: turning the large-section hollow wood prisms connected by the cold-pressed glued dovetails by adopting a wood lathe according to the maximum inscribed cylinder of the hollow wood prisms to obtain large-diameter hollow round wood columns connected by the dovetails;
step 15: the specification length of the large-diameter hollow round wood column connected by the dovetail joint is cut off: according to the length specification requirement, cutting two ends of a hollow log column with the length of 3100mm by adopting a sawing method to obtain a large-diameter hollow log column connected by a dovetail joint with the length of 3000mm and the diameter of more than 400 mm.
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| FR1255448A (en) * | 1960-01-27 | 1961-03-10 | Improvements to multi-element furniture | |
| CH584321A5 (en) * | 1974-11-06 | 1977-01-31 | Erne Ag | Connector for timber beams in buildings - has double dovetail shape of rectangular cross section for joining |
| FR2348345A1 (en) * | 1976-04-16 | 1977-11-10 | Chambriard Ets Paul | Hollow post fitted and stuck together - is made of four wooden planks with zigzag grooved and notched edges |
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| CN112405708A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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