CN112404339A - Full-automatic machining equipment for roller shaft of drum brake - Google Patents
Full-automatic machining equipment for roller shaft of drum brake Download PDFInfo
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- CN112404339A CN112404339A CN202011258037.6A CN202011258037A CN112404339A CN 112404339 A CN112404339 A CN 112404339A CN 202011258037 A CN202011258037 A CN 202011258037A CN 112404339 A CN112404339 A CN 112404339A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/06—Making machine elements axles or shafts
- B21K1/10—Making machine elements axles or shafts of cylindrical form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K27/00—Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K27/00—Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
- B21K27/02—Feeding devices for rods, wire, or strips
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machine part machining, in particular to full-automatic machining equipment for a roller shaft of a drum brake, which comprises: the top end of the workbench is provided with a preset female die, and the top end of the preset female die is provided with a placing groove; the press machine is arranged on one side of the workbench; the punching die comprises an extrusion die, a clamp die and a blanking die, wherein a lower die of the die is sequentially arranged at the top end of a workbench along the radial direction of a preset female die, and an upper die of the die and a lower die of the die are coaxially arranged at the working end of a press machine; the elastic abutting components are sequentially and coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, and the working end of the elastic abutting components comprises abutting pins which are coaxially and elastically lifted in the lower die; reciprocating material moving mechanism sets up at the workstation opposite side, and its work end equidistant finger cylinder that is used for the vertical bar of centre gripping that is provided with, and under the operating condition, finger cylinder centre gripping bar and plug-in connect on the adjacent processing lower mould along the sequence direction of processing, the device can the automatic processing gyro wheel axle, and work efficiency and security height.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining of machine parts, in particular to full-automatic machining equipment for a roller shaft of a drum brake.
Background
The vehicle brake is an important part of the vehicle and is the key for ensuring the driving safety. Currently used vehicle brakes include drum brakes and disc brakes. The drum brake widely used in domestic trailers, semitrailers and trucks at present consists of a brake bottom plate, brake shoes, friction linings, brake shoe supporting pins, a cam shaft, a return spring, an adjusting arm, a tension spring, a roller shaft, rollers and other parts. When the brake is stepped, the cam curved surface of the cam shaft pushes the roller to open the brake shoe, and a friction lining on the brake shoe is contacted with the inner cylindrical surface of the rotating brake drum to generate a friction resistance distance to implement braking.
In the prior art, the roller shaft is complex in structure, generally made of 45# oil steel through hot forging and machining, the forging process is complex, the production efficiency is low, particularly, each surface of a part needs to be machined after forging, the machining amount is large, and the production cost of the product is high. Some factory tests adopt an extrusion process for processing, but due to the factors of unreasonable process design, overlarge deformation and the like, a large number of cracks exist on the surface of a product, and a qualified product cannot be obtained.
Chinese patent CN201710145516.9 discloses a cold extrusion process for brake shoe roller shafts, which comprises the steps of blanking 45# round steel according to length, annealing, shot blasting to remove oxide skin, soaking the round steel in 90-110 ℃ graphite emulsion solution, taking out, putting into a cold extrusion die to extrude, wherein the die cavity of the cold extrusion die comprises a shaft shoulder die cavity and a shaft body die cavity, the lower part of the round steel expands outwards in the shaft body die cavity to form a shaft body with a smooth surface, the upper part of the round steel is flattened outwards in the shaft shoulder die cavity to form a waist-shaped shaft shoulder, redundant metal flows upwards along the clearance between a male die and a female die to form burrs, and the workpiece is subjected to burr removal, shaft body end chamfering, clamping groove processing and tool withdrawal groove processing to obtain a finished product, the depth of the shaft body die cavity is equal to the length of a finished shaft body, and when the male die descends to the lowest point, the distance between the lower end of the male die and the bottom of the shaft body die cavity is equal to the total length of a finished product.
The processing technology does not have complete processing equipment at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the full-automatic processing equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake is provided, and the technical scheme solves the cold extrusion processing problem of the roller shaft of the brake shoe.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a full automatic processing equipment of gyro wheel axle of drum brake, the gyro wheel axle is including axis body and calotte, there are annular groove and truncated edge on axis body and the calotte respectively, and processing equipment includes: the device comprises a workbench, a pre-arranged female die and a vertical bar stock inserting and connecting device, wherein a placing groove for vertically inserting and connecting the bar stock is arranged on one side of the top end of the workbench; the working end of the press machine vertically faces the top end of the workbench and is arranged on one side of the workbench; the device comprises an extrusion die, a hoop die and a blanking die, wherein the lower die of the die is sequentially provided with the top end of a workbench along the radial direction of a preset female die, the upper die of the die and the lower die of the die are coaxially arranged at the working end of a press machine, the extrusion die is used for extruding a round top from the top end of a bar stock, the hoop die is used for extruding an annular groove from the circumferential surface of an axis body along the radial direction, and the blanking die is used for blanking truncated edges from two; the elastic abutting components are sequentially and coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, and the working end of the elastic abutting components comprises abutting pins which are coaxially and elastically lifted in the lower die; and the reciprocating material moving mechanism is arranged on the other side of the workbench, finger cylinders for clamping vertical bars are arranged at the working ends of the reciprocating material moving mechanism at equal intervals, and in a working state, the finger cylinders clamp the bars and are inserted into the processing lower dies adjacent to each other along the processing sequence direction.
Preferably, the device further comprises a bar conveying mechanism and an industrial clamping jaw robot, wherein the bar conveying mechanism and the industrial clamping jaw robot are both arranged on one side of the workbench and located on the outer side of the preset female die.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the top end of the placement groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Preferably, the lower die top end of the extrusion die is also coaxially provided with a positioning ring, and the inner diameter of the positioning ring is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Preferably, the band mold lower mold comprises: the fixing plate is arranged at the top end of the workbench and positioned on one side of the extrusion die, first sliding grooves along the radial direction of the fixing plate are uniformly distributed at the top end of the fixing plate along the axis of the female die cylinder, and a placing groove coaxial with the female die cylinder is formed at the top end of the fixing plate; first slide ways along the axial direction of the female die cylinder are uniformly distributed in the female die cylinder, second slide ways along the radial direction of the female die cylinder and communicated with the fixing plate are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the female die cylinder, and second slide ways along the axial direction of the first slide ways are arranged on the inner wall of each first slide way; the abutting pin sequentially and vertically penetrates through the workbench and the fixing plate and is positioned in the female die cylinder; the pressing block and the deformation block are respectively arranged in the first slide way and the second slide way in a vertical and horizontal sliding mode, the intersecting sides of the pressing block and the deformation block are respectively provided with a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface which are mutually in sliding and abutting connection, and in a working state, the pressing block vertically descends to drive the deformation block to move along the radial direction towards the axis direction of the female die cylinder; a third sliding chute opposite to the second sliding chute is vertically arranged on one side of the pressing block; the bottom end of the deformation block is provided with a first sliding block which horizontally slides with the first sliding groove, a semicircular surface which is coaxial with the female die cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the deformation block, and the bottom end of the semicircular surface is provided with an arc-shaped convex strip which is used for extruding the periphery of the shaft body to form an annular groove; the first fixing pin is fixedly arranged in the second sliding groove along the vertical direction, the second sliding block is vertically and slidably arranged in the second sliding groove and is in sliding fit with the first fixing pin, one side of the top end of the second sliding block abuts against the top end of the third sliding groove, the first spring is coaxially sleeved on the first fixing pin, and two ends of the first spring abut against the bottom end of the second sliding block and the bottom end of the second sliding groove respectively; the second fixing pin is fixedly arranged in the first sliding groove along the radial direction, the first sliding block is in sliding fit with the second fixing pin, the second spring is coaxially sleeved on the second fixing pin, and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against two ends, close to the axis of the female die cylinder, of the first sliding groove and the first sliding block; the third spring is coaxially arranged in the arranging groove, and the abutting ring is coaxially arranged at the top end of the third spring and elastically abuts against the bottom end of the deformation block.
Preferably, the blanking die is provided with a material collecting box for collecting finished products along the outer side of the processing direction.
Preferably, the circumferential surface of the abutting pin is provided with threads; the elastic abutting assembly further comprises: the fixed cylinder is coaxially arranged at the bottom ends of the extrusion die, the hoop die and the blanking die, a first sliding hole, a second sliding hole and a third sliding hole are sequentially arranged in the fixed cylinder from top to bottom, the inner diameter of the first sliding hole is gradually reduced, and the abutting pin is coaxially arranged in the third sliding hole in a sliding manner; the adjusting nut is coaxially screwed on the abutting pin and is arranged in the first sliding hole in a sliding mode, and in a working state, the adjusting nut abuts against the bottom end of the first sliding hole to enable the top end of the abutting pin to be flush with the bottom end of the interior of the mold; and the fourth spring is coaxially sleeved on the abutting pin, and two ends of the fourth spring are respectively abutted to the bottom ends of the adjusting nut and the second sliding hole.
Preferably, the reciprocating material moving mechanism comprises: the finger cylinder is horizontally arranged on one side of the workbench along the processing sequence; the device comprises a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder and a first sliding table cylinder, wherein the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder is vertically arranged at the working end of a finger cylinder, and the first sliding table cylinder is horizontally arranged at the working end of the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder towards a working table; the mounting bracket is fixedly arranged at the working end of the second sliding table cylinder, and the finger cylinders are arranged on the mounting bracket at equal intervals.
Preferably, the bar conveying mechanism comprises a roller chain conveyor and open type lifting blocks, the roller chain conveyor is arranged on one side of the workbench, the open type lifting blocks are arranged on the roller chain of the roller chain conveyor at equal intervals, and notches of the open type lifting blocks are opened in a direction deviating from the direction of the roller chain.
Preferably, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are respectively provided with a dovetail wedge and a dovetail groove which are in inclined sliding fit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device automatically moves materials through the reciprocating material moving mechanism, is high in safety, and particularly starts the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder, the first sliding table cylinder and the second sliding table cylinder, so that the finger cylinder takes the bar materials off the preset female die and prevents the bar materials from being placed on the lower die of the extrusion die adjacent to the finger cylinder, and therefore danger of a press machine to workers due to errors can be avoided;
2. the equipment has the advantages that the bars are sequentially processed, the working efficiency is higher, the cost is lower, specifically, the bars are coaxially inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die, and the elastic abutting components are coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, so that the abutting pins are coaxially and elastically abutted against the bottom end of the bars, and the top end of the bars is higher than the top end of the lower die of the extrusion die; starting the press machine, enabling the working end of the press machine to drive the upper die of the extrusion die to vertically descend towards the lower die of the extrusion die, enabling the upper die of the press machine to be abutted against the top end of the bar to overcome the elastic acting force of a fourth spring, enabling the bar to be completely inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die, and further enabling the top end of the bar to be extruded into a dome; the working end of the press is reset, so that the abutting pin ejects the shaft body out of the lower die of the extrusion die under the elastic acting force; continuously starting the reciprocating material moving mechanism to enable the semi-finished bar to be coaxially inserted into the lower die of the hoop die adjacent to the semi-finished bar, and simultaneously inserting the bar on the preset female die into the lower die of the extrusion die in an empty state; starting the press machine to enable the upper die of the hoop die to move towards the lower die of the hoop die, namely enabling the pressing block to vertically press downwards, so that the deformation block is driven to press on the periphery of the shaft body along the radial direction, and the arc-shaped convex strips are extruded out of the annular groove on the circumferential surface of the shaft body along the radial direction; resetting the working end of the press, coaxially inserting the semi-finished roller shaft into the lower die of the blanking die adjacent to the semi-finished roller shaft through the reciprocating material moving mechanism, and coaxially inserting the upper shaft material of the extrusion die into the lower die of the clamp die; and starting the press machine, so that the two sides of the top end of the dome are punched to form cut edges by the upper die of the punching die, and the finished product is taken down and put into the material receiving box through the reciprocating material moving mechanism, so that the cold extrusion processing operation of the brake shoe roller shaft is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a step-by-step roller axle;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the table of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at section B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at C;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at D;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at E;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4 at F;
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the reciprocating material moving mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side view of the billet conveying mechanism of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures are:
a1-axle body; a 11-ring groove; a 2-dome; a21-edge truncation;
1-a workbench; 1 a-presetting a concave die; 1a 1-standing groove;
2-a press machine;
3-extruding the mould; 3 a-a positioning ring;
4, clamping a hoop mold; 4 a-a fixed plate; 4a1 — first runner; 4a 2-placing groove; 4 b-a cavity die cylinder; 4b1 — first runner; 4b2 — second runner; 4b 3-second runner; 4 c-a pressing block; 4c1 — first slope; 4c 2-third runner; 4c 3-dovetail wedge; 4 d-deformation block; 4d1 — second slope; 4d2 — first slider; 4d 3-semi-circular face; 4d 4-arc shaped ribs; 4d 5-dovetail groove; 4 e-a first fixing pin; 4 f-second slider; 4 g-a first spring; 4 h-second retaining pin; 4 i-a second spring; 4 j-a third spring; 4 k-abutment ring;
5, blanking a die; 5 a-a material receiving box;
6-an elastic abutment assembly; 6 a-an abutment pin; 6 b-a fixed cylinder; 6b 1-first slide hole; 6b 2-second slide hole; 6b 3-third slide hole; 6 c-adjusting the nut; 6 d-a fourth spring;
7-reciprocating material moving mechanism; 7 a-finger cylinder; 7 b-a magnetically coupled rodless cylinder; 7 c-a first slip table cylinder; 7 d-a second slipway cylinder; 7 e-a mounting frame;
8-a bar conveying mechanism; 8 a-a roller chain conveyor; 8 b-an open-type lifting block;
9-industrial gripper robot.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 2, the full-automatic processing equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake comprises a shaft body A1 and a dome A2, wherein the shaft body A1 and the dome A2 are respectively provided with an annular groove A11 and a truncated edge A21, and the processing equipment comprises:
the device comprises a workbench 1, wherein a preset female die 1a is arranged on one side of the top end of the workbench 1, and a placing groove 1a1 for vertically inserting a bar stock is coaxially arranged at the top end of the preset female die 1 a;
the working end of the press machine 2 vertically faces the top end of the workbench 1 and is arranged on one side of the workbench 1;
the device comprises an extrusion die 3, a hoop die 4 and a blanking die 5, wherein the lower die of the die is sequentially and radially provided with the top end of a workbench 1 along a preset concave die 1a, the upper die of the die and the lower die of the die are coaxially arranged at the working end of a press machine 2, the extrusion die 3 is used for extruding a dome A2 from the top end of a bar stock, the hoop die 4 is used for extruding an annular groove A11 from the circumferential surface of an axis body A1 along the radial direction, and the blanking die 5 is used for blanking a truncated edge A21 from two sides of the dome A;
the elastic abutting components 6 are sequentially and coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, and the working end of the elastic abutting components comprises an abutting pin 6a which is coaxially and elastically lifted in the lower die;
the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7 is arranged on the other side of the workbench 1, finger cylinders 7a used for clamping vertical bars are arranged at the working ends of the reciprocating material moving mechanism at equal intervals, and in a working state, the finger cylinders 7a clamp the bars and are connected to the processing lower dies adjacent to each other in the processing sequence direction in an inserting mode.
The workbench 1 is used for supporting and installing a preset female die 1a, an extrusion die 3, a hoop die 4 and a blanking die 5, and vertically and coaxially inserting a bar stock into the placing groove 1a 1;
starting the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7, so that the finger cylinder 7a takes the bar material off the preset female die 1a and prevents the bar material from being placed on the lower die of the extrusion die 3 adjacent to the finger cylinder 7a, and danger to workers caused by the error of the press machine 2 can be avoided;
the bar stock is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die 3, and the elastic abutting component 6 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, so that the abutting pin 6a is coaxially and elastically abutted against the bottom end of the bar stock, and the top end of the bar stock is higher than the top end of the lower die of the extrusion die 3;
starting the press machine 2, enabling the working end of the press machine to drive the upper die of the extrusion die 3 to vertically descend towards the lower die of the extrusion die, enabling the upper die of the press machine to be abutted against the top end of the bar to overcome the elastic acting force of the elastic abutting component 6, enabling the bar to be completely inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die 3, and further enabling the top end of the bar to be extruded into a dome A2;
the working end of the press machine 2 is reset, so that the abutment pin 6a ejects the shaft body a1 out of the lower die of the extrusion die 3 under the elastic acting force;
continuously starting the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7 to enable the semi-finished bar to be coaxially inserted into the lower die of the hoop die 4 adjacent to the semi-finished bar, and simultaneously inserting the bar on the preset female die 1a into the lower die of the extrusion die 3 in an empty state;
starting the press 2 to move the upper die of the hoop die 4 towards the lower die thereof, so as to extrude the annular groove A11 on the circumferential surface of the shaft body A1 along the radial direction;
the working end of the press machine 2 is reset, the semi-finished roller shaft is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the blanking die 5 adjacent to the semi-finished roller shaft through the reciprocating material mechanism 7, and the material on the extrusion die 3 is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the hoop die 4; and starting the press 2, so that the upper die of the blanking die 5 punches the two sides of the top end of the dome A2 to form a cut edge A21, and the finished product is taken down through the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7, thereby completing the cold extrusion processing operation of the brake shoe roller shaft.
As shown in fig. 2, the device further comprises a bar conveying mechanism 8 and an industrial clamping jaw robot 9, wherein the bar conveying mechanism 8 and the industrial clamping jaw robot 9 are both arranged on one side of the workbench 1 and are located on the outer side of the pre-arranged female die 1 a.
The industrial clamping jaw robot 9 can be automatically and vertically inserted into the preset female die 1a through the bar conveying mechanism 8, so that automatic processing is facilitated, and the working efficiency and safety are improved.
As shown in fig. 5, the inner diameter of the top end of the placement groove 1a1 gradually decreases from top to bottom.
Through the placing groove 1a1 with the inner diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, the bar stock is easier to vertically and coaxially plug in the placing groove 1a1, and therefore, the processing is convenient.
As shown in fig. 6, the top end of the lower die of the extrusion die 3 is further coaxially provided with a positioning ring 3a, and the inner diameter of the positioning ring 3a is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Through setting up position circle 3a at 3 lower mould tops of extrusion die utensil, and its internal diameter from the top down reduces gradually to make its upper die change and peg graft on its lower mould, thereby be convenient for carry out cold extrusion to the bar top.
As shown in fig. 7, the lower mold of the band mold 4 includes:
the fixing plate 4a is arranged at the top end of the workbench 1 and located on one side of the extrusion die 3, first sliding grooves 4a1 along the radial direction of the fixing plate 4a are uniformly distributed at the top end of the fixing plate 4a along the axis of the female die cylinder 4b, and a placing groove 4a2 coaxial with the female die cylinder 4b is formed at the top end of the fixing plate 4 a; first slide ways 4b1 along the axial direction are uniformly distributed in the female die cylinder 4b, second slide ways 4b2 along the radial direction and communicated with the fixed plate 4a are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the female die cylinder 4b, and second slide ways 4b3 along the axial direction are arranged on the inner wall of the first slide way 4b 1; the abutting pin 6a sequentially vertically penetrates through the workbench 1 and the fixing plate 4a and is positioned in the female die cylinder 4 b;
the pressing block 4c and the deformation block 4d are respectively arranged in the first slide way 4b1 and the second slide way 4b2 in a vertical and horizontal sliding mode, the crossing sides of the pressing block 4c and the deformation block 4d are respectively provided with a first inclined surface 4c1 and a second inclined surface 4d1 which are mutually in sliding and abutting connection, and in a working state, the pressing block 4c vertically descends to drive the deformation block 4d to move towards the axial direction of the female die cylinder 4b along the radial direction; a third sliding groove 4c2 opposite to the second sliding groove 4b3 is vertically arranged on one side of the pressing block 4 c; the bottom end of the deformation block 4d is provided with a first sliding block 4d2 which horizontally slides with a first sliding groove 4a1, the inner side of the deformation block 4d is provided with a semi-circular surface 4d3 which is coaxial with the female die cylinder 4b, and the bottom end of the semi-circular surface 4d3 is provided with an arc-shaped convex strip 4d4 which is used for extruding the periphery of a shaft body A1 to form an annular groove A11;
the sliding device comprises a first fixing pin 4e, a second sliding block 4f and a first spring 4g, wherein the first fixing pin 4e is fixedly arranged in a second sliding groove 4b3 along the vertical direction, the second sliding block 4f is vertically and slidably arranged in a second sliding groove 4b3 and is in sliding fit with the first fixing pin 4e, one side of the top end of the second sliding block 4f abuts against the top end of a third sliding groove 4c2, the first spring 4g is coaxially sleeved on the first fixing pin 4e, and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the bottom end of the second sliding block 4f and the bottom end of a second sliding groove 4b 3;
the second fixing pin 4h is fixedly arranged in the first sliding groove 4a1 along the radial direction, the first sliding block 4d2 is in sliding fit with the second fixing pin 4h, the second spring 4i is coaxially sleeved on the second fixing pin 4h, and two ends of the second fixing pin 4h are respectively abutted to two ends of the axis of the female die cylinder 4b, which are close to the first sliding groove 4a1 and the first sliding block 4d 2;
the third spring 4j and the abutting ring 4k, the third spring 4j is coaxially arranged in the arranging groove 4a2, and the abutting ring 4k is coaxially arranged at the top end of the third spring 4j and elastically abutted against the bottom end of the deformation block 4 d.
The fixing plate 4a is used for fixedly mounting a female die cylinder 4b, and the female die cylinder 4b is used for coaxially and vertically inserting a bar material; the seating groove 4a2 is used to seat the third spring 4j and the abutment ring 4 k;
under the non-working state, the deformation block 4d is under the elastic acting force of the second spring 4i, the semicircular surface 4d3 and the arc convex strip 4d4 are positioned at the periphery of the bar, and when the bar overcomes the elastic abutting of the abutting pin 6a at the top end of the abutting ring 4k, the dome A2 abuts at the top end of the female die cylinder 4 b;
when the pressing block 4c is pressed down vertically, the pressing block 4c slides vertically on the second inclined surface 4d1 through the first inclined surface 4c1 against the elastic force of the first spring 4g, so that the deformation block 4d slides along the direction of the bar axis along the radial direction through the first slide block 4d2 against the elastic force of the second spring 4i due to the inclined surface action of the deformation block 4d, namely, the die cylinder 4b and the pressing block 4c slide in the first slide way 4b1 and the second slide way 4b2 respectively, so that the arc-shaped convex strip 4d4 is hooped on the periphery of the shaft body A1 along the radial direction, and thus a ring-shaped groove A11 is hooped on the periphery thereof; in the process, the rod material at the bottom end of the annular groove A11 deforms downwards to overcome the elasticity of the third spring 4j, so that the structure is more stable;
first fixed pin 4e and second fixed pin 4h are fixed the setting respectively in second spout 4b3 and arrangement groove 4a2 for first spring 4g and second spring 4i can overlap respectively and establish on first fixed pin 4e and second fixed pin 4h, thereby make its elastic action drive second slider 4f and first slider 4d2 and reset, make second slider 4f slide in third spout 4c2 promptly, the drive has been played and is reset, thereby be convenient for continuous processing.
As shown in fig. 2, the blanking die 5 is provided with a receiving box 5a for collecting a finished product on the outer side in the processing direction.
By providing the material receiving box 5a at the side of the blanking die 5, the finished roller shaft processed is convenient to collect.
As shown in fig. 8, the abutment pin 6a is threaded on its circumferential surface; the elastic abutment assembly 6 further comprises:
the fixed cylinder 6b is coaxially arranged at the bottom ends of the extrusion die 3, the hoop die 4 and the blanking die 5, a first sliding hole 6b1, a second sliding hole 6b2 and a third sliding hole 6b3 with gradually reduced inner diameters are sequentially arranged in the fixed cylinder 6b from top to bottom, and the abutting pin 6a is coaxially and slidably arranged in the third sliding hole 6b 3;
an adjusting nut 6c coaxially screwed on the abutting pin 6a and slidably arranged in the first slide hole 6b1, wherein in an operating state, the adjusting nut 6c abuts on the bottom end of the first slide hole 6b1 so that the top end of the abutting pin 6a is flush with the bottom end of the interior of the mold;
and the fourth spring 6d is coaxially sleeved on the abutting pin 6a, and two ends of the fourth spring are respectively abutted to the bottom ends of the adjusting nut 6c and the second slide hole 6b 2.
After the bars are coaxially inserted into the lower dies of the extrusion die 3, the hoop die 4 and the blanking die 5, the bars are completely inserted into the lower dies of the dies, the adjusting nuts 6c on the abutting pins 6a overcome the elastic force of the fourth springs 6d and abut against the bottom ends of the first slide holes 6b1, so that the top ends of the abutting pins 6a are flush with the bottom ends inside the lower dies of the dies, other shapes of the bar bottom ends are prevented from being processed during extrusion, the heights of the abutting pins 6a can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting nuts 6c, the elasticity of the fourth springs 6d is convenient to adjust, the second slide holes 6b2 are used for arranging the fourth springs 6d, and the third slide holes 6b3 are used for vertically sliding and arranging the abutting pins 6 a.
As shown in fig. 9, the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7 includes:
the finger cylinder 7a is horizontally arranged on one side of the workbench 1 along the processing sequence;
the device comprises a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 7b and a first sliding table cylinder 7c, wherein the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 7b is vertically arranged at the working end of a finger cylinder 7a, and the first sliding table cylinder 7c is horizontally arranged at the working end of the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 7b towards a working table 1;
and the mounting rack 7e is fixedly arranged at the working end of the second sliding table cylinder 7d, and the finger cylinders 7a are arranged on the mounting rack 7e at equal intervals.
Through starting the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 7b, the finger cylinder 7a, the first sliding table cylinder 7c, the second sliding table cylinder 7d and the mounting rack 7e can slide along the horizontal direction, so that the finger cylinder 7a can clamp and plug the bar on the workbench 1 on the adjacent die by starting the first sliding table cylinder 7c and the second sliding table cylinder 7d, and the mounting rack 7e is used for fixedly arranging the finger cylinder 7 a.
As shown in fig. 10, the bar stock conveying mechanism 8 includes a roller chain conveyor 8a and open-type lifting blocks 8b, the roller chain conveyor 8a is disposed on one side of the table 1, the open-type lifting blocks 8b are disposed on the roller chain conveyor 8a at equal intervals, and the notches thereof are opened in a direction away from the roller chain.
The bar stock with horizontal axis can be automatically conveyed by starting the roller chain conveyor 8a and the open type lifting block 8b, thereby facilitating automatic processing of the roller shaft.
As shown in fig. 7, the first inclined surface 4c1 and the second inclined surface 4d1 are provided with a dovetail wedge 4c3 and a dovetail groove 4d5, respectively, which are in inclined sliding fit.
The first inclined surface 4c1 is slidably engaged with the dovetail groove 4d5 via the dovetail 4c3, so that the first inclined surface 4c1 is more stable when sliding relative to the second inclined surface 4d1, thereby facilitating the machining.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the device realizes the functions of the invention through the following steps, thereby solving the technical problems provided by the invention:
step one, starting a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder 7b, a first sliding table cylinder 7c and a second sliding table cylinder 7d, so that a bar is taken down from a preset female die 1a by a finger cylinder 7a and prevented from being placed on a lower die of an extrusion die 3 adjacent to the finger cylinder, and danger to workers caused by a press machine 2 due to errors can be avoided;
step two, the bar stock is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die 3, and the elastic abutting component 6 is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, so that the abutting pin 6a is coaxially and elastically abutted against the bottom end of the bar stock, and the top end of the bar stock is higher than the top end of the lower die of the extrusion die 3;
step three, starting the press machine 2, enabling the working end of the press machine to drive the upper die of the extrusion die 3 to vertically descend towards the lower die of the extrusion die, enabling the upper die of the press machine to abut against the top end of the bar to overcome the elastic acting force of the fourth spring 6d, enabling the bar to be completely inserted into the lower die of the extrusion die 3, and further enabling the top end of the bar to be extruded into the dome A2;
step four, the working end of the press machine 2 is reset, so that the abutting pin 6a ejects the shaft body A1 out of the lower die of the extrusion die 3 under the elastic acting force;
step five, continuously starting the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7 to enable the semi-finished bar to be coaxially inserted into the lower die of the hoop die 4 adjacent to the semi-finished bar, and simultaneously inserting the bar on the preset female die 1a into the lower die of the extrusion die 3 in an empty state;
step six, starting the press machine 2 to enable the upper die of the hoop die 4 to move towards the lower die of the hoop die, namely enabling the pressing block 4c to vertically press downwards, so that the deformation block 4d is driven to radially press the periphery of the shaft body A1, and the arc-shaped convex strips 4d4 are enabled to radially extrude annular grooves A11 on the circumferential surface of the shaft body A1;
seventhly, the working end of the press machine 2 is reset, the semi-finished roller shaft is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the blanking die 5 adjacent to the semi-finished roller shaft through the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7, and the material on the extrusion die 3 is coaxially inserted into the lower die of the clamp die 4; and starting the press 2, so that the upper die of the blanking die 5 punches the two sides of the top end of the dome A2 to form a cut edge A21, and the finished product is taken down and thrown into the material receiving box 5a through the reciprocating material moving mechanism 7, so that the cold extrusion processing operation of the brake shoe roller shaft is completed.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a full automatic processing equipment of roller shaft of drum brake, the roller shaft includes axis body (A1) and dome (A2), there are annular groove (A11) and cut edge (A21) on the axis body (A1) and dome (A2) respectively, characterized by, include:
the device comprises a workbench (1), wherein a preset female die (1 a) is arranged on one side of the top end of the workbench (1), and a placing groove (1 a 1) for vertically inserting a bar stock is coaxially arranged at the top end of the preset female die (1 a);
the working end of the press (2) vertically faces the top end of the workbench (1) and is arranged on one side of the workbench (1);
the device comprises an extrusion die (3), a hoop die (4) and a blanking die (5), wherein the lower die of the die is sequentially and radially arranged at the top end of a workbench (1) along a preset female die (1 a), the upper die of the die and the lower die of the die are coaxially arranged at the working end of a press (2), the extrusion die (3) is used for extruding a dome (A2) from the top end of a bar stock, the hoop die (4) is used for extruding an annular groove (A11) from the circumferential surface of a shaft body (A1) in the radial direction, and the blanking die (5) is used for blanking cut edges (A21) from two sides of the dome (A2;
the elastic abutting components (6) are sequentially and coaxially arranged at the bottom end of the die, and the working end of the elastic abutting components comprises an abutting pin (6 a) which is coaxially and elastically lifted in the lower die;
the reciprocating material moving mechanism (7) is arranged on the other side of the workbench (1), finger cylinders (7 a) used for clamping vertical bars are arranged at the working ends of the reciprocating material moving mechanism at equal intervals, and in the working state, the finger cylinders (7 a) clamp the bars and are connected to the processing lower dies adjacent to each other in the processing sequence direction in an inserting mode.
2. The full-automatic machining equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized by further comprising a bar stock conveying mechanism (8) and an industrial clamping jaw robot (9), wherein the bar stock conveying mechanism (8) and the industrial clamping jaw robot (9) are arranged on one side of the workbench (1) and are positioned outside the preset concave die (1 a).
3. The full-automatic processing equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the top end of the placing groove (1 a 1) is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
4. The full-automatic processing equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized in that a positioning ring (3 a) is further coaxially arranged at the top end of the lower die of the extrusion die (3), and the inner diameter of the positioning ring (3 a) is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
5. The full-automatic machining equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized in that the lower die of the hoop die (4) comprises:
the die comprises a fixing plate (4 a) and a female die cylinder (4 b), wherein the fixing plate (4 a) is arranged at the top end of the workbench (1) and is positioned on one side of the extrusion die (3), first sliding grooves (4 a 1) along the radial direction of the fixing plate (4 a) are uniformly distributed at the top end of the fixing plate (4 a) along the axis of the female die cylinder (4 b), and a containing groove (4 a 2) coaxial with the female die cylinder (4 b) is formed at the top end of the fixing plate (4 a); first slide ways (4 b 1) along the axial direction of the female die cylinder (4 b) are uniformly distributed in the female die cylinder (4 b), second slide ways (4 b 2) along the radial direction of the female die cylinder (4 b) and communicated with the fixing plate (4 a) are uniformly distributed at the bottom end of the female die cylinder (4 b), and second slide ways (4 b 3) along the axial direction of the first slide ways (4 b 1) are arranged on the inner wall of the first slide ways (4 b 1); the abutting pin (6 a) sequentially and vertically penetrates through the workbench (1) and the fixing plate (4 a) and is positioned in the female die cylinder (4 b);
the pressing block (4 c) and the deformation block (4 d) are respectively arranged in a first slide way (4 b 1) and a second slide way (4 b 2) in a vertical and horizontal sliding mode, a first inclined plane (4 c 1) and a second inclined plane (4 d 1) which are mutually in sliding and abutting connection are respectively arranged on the intersecting sides of the pressing block (4 c) and the deformation block (4 d), and in a working state, the pressing block (4 c) vertically descends to drive the deformation block (4 d) to move towards the axial direction of the concave die cylinder (4 b) along the radial direction; a third sliding groove (4 c 2) opposite to the second sliding groove (4 b 3) is vertically arranged on one side of the pressing block (4 c); the bottom end of the deformation block (4 d) is provided with a first sliding block (4 d 2) which horizontally slides with a first sliding groove (4 a 1), the inner side of the deformation block (4 d) is provided with a semicircular surface (4 d 3) which is coaxial with the female die cylinder (4 b), and the bottom end of the semicircular surface (4 d 3) is provided with an arc-shaped raised strip (4 d 4) which is used for extruding the periphery of a shaft body (A1) to form an annular groove (A11);
the sliding mechanism comprises a first fixing pin (4 e), a second sliding block (4 f) and a first spring (4 g), wherein the first fixing pin (4 e) is fixedly arranged in a second sliding groove (4 b 3) along the vertical direction, the second sliding block (4 f) is vertically and slidably arranged in the second sliding groove (4 b 3) and is in sliding fit with the first fixing pin (4 e), one side of the top end of the second sliding block (4 f) abuts against the top end of a third sliding groove (4 c 2), the first spring (4 g) is coaxially sleeved on the first fixing pin (4 e), and two ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the bottom end of the second sliding block (4 f) and the bottom end of the second sliding groove (4 b 3);
the second fixing pin (4 h) is fixedly arranged in the first sliding groove (4 a 1) along the radial direction, the first sliding block (4 d 2) is in sliding fit with the second fixing pin (4 h), the second spring (4 i) is coaxially sleeved on the second fixing pin (4 h), and two ends of the second spring are respectively abutted to two ends of the axis of the female die cylinder (4 b) close to the first sliding groove (4 a 1) and the first sliding block (4 d 2);
the third spring (4 j) and the abutting ring (4 k), the third spring (4 j) is coaxially arranged in the arrangement groove (4 a 2), and the abutting ring (4 k) is coaxially arranged at the top end of the third spring (4 j) and elastically abuts against the bottom end of the deformation block (4 d).
6. The full-automatic processing equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blanking die (5) is provided with a material receiving box (5 a) for collecting finished products along the outer side of the processing direction.
7. The full-automatic machining equipment for roller shafts of drum brakes according to claim 1, characterized in that the circumferential surface of the abutment pin (6 a) is provided with a thread; the elastic abutting assembly (6) further comprises:
the fixed cylinder (6 b) is coaxially arranged at the bottom ends of the extrusion die (3), the hoop die (4) and the blanking die (5), a first sliding hole (6 b 1), a second sliding hole (6 b 2) and a third sliding hole (6 b 3) with gradually reduced inner diameters are sequentially arranged in the fixed cylinder (6 b) from top to bottom, and the abutting pin (6 a) is coaxially and slidably arranged in the third sliding hole (6 b 3);
the adjusting nut (6 c) is coaxially screwed on the abutting pin (6 a) and is arranged in the first sliding hole (6 b 1) in a sliding mode, and in the working state, the adjusting nut (6 c) abuts against the bottom end of the first sliding hole (6 b 1) to enable the top end of the abutting pin (6 a) to be flush with the bottom end of the interior of the mold;
and the fourth spring (6 d) is coaxially sleeved on the abutting pin (6 a) and two ends of the fourth spring are respectively abutted to the bottom ends of the adjusting nut (6 c) and the second sliding hole (6 b 2).
8. The full-automatic machining equipment for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized in that the reciprocating material moving mechanism (7) comprises:
the finger cylinder (7 a), the finger cylinder (7 a) is horizontally arranged on one side of the workbench (1) along the processing sequence;
the device comprises a magnetic coupling rodless cylinder (7 b) and a first sliding table cylinder (7 c), wherein the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder (7 b) is vertically arranged at the working end of a finger cylinder (7 a), and the first sliding table cylinder (7 c) is horizontally arranged at the working end of the magnetic coupling rodless cylinder (7 b) towards a working table (1);
and the mounting rack (7 e) is fixedly arranged at the working end of the second sliding table cylinder (7 d), and the finger cylinders (7 a) are arranged on the mounting rack (7 e) at equal intervals.
9. The full-automatic processing device for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized in that a bar stock conveying mechanism (8) comprises a roller chain conveyor (8 a) and open type lifting blocks (8 b), the roller chain conveyor (8 a) is arranged on one side of the workbench (1), the open type lifting blocks (8 b) are arranged on the roller chain of the roller chain conveyor (8 a) at equal intervals, and notches of the open type lifting blocks are opened in a direction away from the roller chain.
10. The full-automatic machining device for the roller shaft of the drum brake is characterized in that the first inclined surface (4 c 1) and the second inclined surface (4 d 1) are respectively provided with a dovetail wedge (4 c 3) and a dovetail groove (4 d 5) which are in inclined sliding fit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011258037.6A CN112404339A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Full-automatic machining equipment for roller shaft of drum brake |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011258037.6A CN112404339A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Full-automatic machining equipment for roller shaft of drum brake |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112404339A true CN112404339A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
Family
ID=74782358
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011258037.6A Withdrawn CN112404339A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Full-automatic machining equipment for roller shaft of drum brake |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112404339A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113182432A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-30 | 芜湖美奥机械科技有限公司 | Air condition compressor main casing body integrative device of plastic that punches a hole |
| CN113275500A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-08-20 | 徐州达一重锻科技有限公司 | Automatic change forging press raw materials conveying equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-11-11 CN CN202011258037.6A patent/CN112404339A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113182432A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-30 | 芜湖美奥机械科技有限公司 | Air condition compressor main casing body integrative device of plastic that punches a hole |
| CN113182432B (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2023-04-25 | 芜湖美奥机械科技有限公司 | Air condition compressor main casing integrative device of plastic that punches a hole |
| CN113275500A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-08-20 | 徐州达一重锻科技有限公司 | Automatic change forging press raw materials conveying equipment |
| CN113275500B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-26 | 徐州达一重锻科技有限公司 | Raw material conveying equipment suitable for forging press |
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Application publication date: 20210226 |
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