JPH0227058B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for continuously manufacturing a plurality of ring-shaped members from a rod-shaped material, and in particular, a method that provides a high yield of the material, and a simple and efficient process. Concerning a method of manufacturing an improved ring.

[Prior Art] For example, when a synchronizer ring for an automobile transmission is manufactured from a copper alloy, hot die forging is performed. When obtaining a ring-shaped blank as the raw material, there are two methods: extruding the material into a pipe, cutting it into a ring shape, and then cutting it, or hot forging the material into a cup shape. However, methods such as cutting the pipe portion into a ring shape have been adopted.

However, all of these methods have the problem of low material yield. In other words, in extrusion molding, there is an increase in cutting allowance due to uneven thickness, and a decrease in yield due to punching allowance.In addition, when hot forging into a cup shape, there is a decrease in yield due to punching out the bottom of the cup, and a decrease in yield due to punching the bottom of the cup. There was a decrease in yield due to cutting allowance.

In order to catch such defects, Figures 6 to 1
The method shown in the figure has been proposed (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58
-70935). This processing is carried out using a device equipped with a grip mold 11 and a metal mold 12 as shown in the figure. The grip mold 11 has a structure that opens upward and downward, and between its upper and lower surfaces, there is a through hole 14 for gripping the rod-shaped material 13, and this through hole 14.
An annular recess 15 forming the outer shape of the ring R at the opening of the ring R
is formed. On the other hand, the mold 12 has an annular portion 1 having a shape to be fitted into the annular recess 15.
6, and a punch portion 17 that is slidably fitted inside the annular portion 16 and has an outer diameter that fits into the through hole 14.

In order to manufacture the ring R using this device, the rod-shaped material 13 is protruded into the annular recess 15 and held (see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the protruding portion 13a is inserted into the annular portion 16 and the punch portion 17. A disk portion 13 is formed on the head of the rod-shaped member 13 by forging with a mold 12 in a flush state.
b (forging process, see Figures 8 and 9).
Next, the punch part 17 is made to protrude to form a ring hole 13c in the disc part 13b, and this part is cut off from the rod-shaped member 13 (shearing step, 10th
(see Fig. 11), and then insert the mold 12 into the ring R.
After pulling it out together with the ring R, the punch part 17 is retracted and the ring R is dropped (removal process).

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In the conventional techniques as described above, the process is simplified and the yield is significantly improved. However, in the prior art, the inner diameter of the through hole 14 and the outer diameter of the punch part 17 are almost equal, and the punch part 17 is fitted into the through hole 14 for forging, so the force required to deform the material is large and the load is low. The size of the press increases, requiring greater press capacity, and the use of a double-acting press makes the machine complex and expensive. Furthermore, since the molding process goes through several stages, there is a problem in that the molding process takes time and production efficiency is poor.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a structure in which a gripping hole into which a rod-shaped material is inserted is formed through the gripping hole, and a gripping hole is formed on one side where the gripping hole opens. a gripping portion having a flat end surface; a concave mold portion slidably provided along the one end surface and having a circular hole having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the gripping hole; a cylindrical convex mold part that is slidably fitted into the concave mold part; The center axis of the circular hole in the concave mold part is aligned with the center axis of the gripping hole using a ring manufacturing device that is composed of a punch part and the outside diameter of the punch part is smaller than the inside diameter of the gripping hole. In this state, move the convex mold part in the gripping direction with respect to the rod-shaped material protruding from the one end face into the circular hole of the concave mold part within a range that does not enter the gripping hole from the concave mold part. a forging step of forging a rod-shaped member to form a ring portion by forging the rod-shaped material; and a forging step of moving the concave mold portion relative to the gripping portion along the one end surface to link the ring portion and the rod-shaped material. A shearing process is performed to shear the parts.

[Operation] According to the method described above, in the forging process, the material flows inside the concave mold and is drilled by increasing its outer diameter. Moreover, since the punch part is not inserted into the gripping hole, the forging force required to cause the rod-shaped material to metal flow into the concave mold is reduced to approximately 2/3 compared to the conventional technology.

In addition, the force required for forging can be further reduced by not performing forging to the final concave mold filling state but ending with the shape halfway (in this case, upsetting after shearing, die forging or ring Rolling is performed to adjust the shape, but since the ring body is smaller, the force required for forging is about 1/3 to 1/3 of that required for forging to the full concave state.
).

In addition, since the tool movement during shearing directly becomes the tool movement toward material ejection, there is no waste in the movement of each element, and the machining time is shortened.

[Embodiments] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, and in FIGS. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 indicates a grip hole 3 through which a rod-shaped material 2 is inserted; A grip part 5 has a flat end surface 4 on one side (the left side in FIG. 1) where the grip hole 3 opens, and 5 is a recess provided around the grip hole 3 so as to be slidable along the end surface 4. The mold part 6 is a convex mold part that is slidably fitted into the concave mold part 5 to forge the protruding part of the rod-shaped material 2 into a ring, and these mold parts are used in the method of the present invention. This constitutes a ring manufacturing device.

The gripping part 1 is divided into upper and lower molds 1a and 1b at the center of the gripping hole 3, and by opening the molds 1a and 1b, the rod-shaped member 2 is sequentially inserted into the concave mold part 5 by an appropriate length using a feeding device (not shown). Moreover, the inner diameter of the gripping hole 3 is set to such a value that the rod-shaped member 2 is gripped when the upper and lower molds 1a, 1b are closed.

The concave mold part 5 is formed by forming a circular hole 5b with a larger diameter than the rod-shaped material 2 in a flat member 5a that comes into sliding contact with the end surface 4 of the gripping part 1. It is designed to be moved up and down relative to 4. The central axis of the circular hole 5b is parallel to the central axis of the gripping hole 3.

The convex mold part 6 includes a cylindrical part 6a that fits into the circular hole 5b and a punch part 6b that protrudes from the center of the end surface.
When the convex mold part 6 is fitted into the concave mold part 5 by a driving device (not shown), a ring is formed by the gap formed therebetween. Moreover, this convex mold part 6 is different from the concave mold part 5.
It is provided in the same housing as the recessed mold part 5, and is moved up and down together with the concave mold part 5 by the shearing drive device. Note that the diameter of the punch portion 6b is set smaller than the diameter of the rod-shaped material 2, and the grip hole 3 is formed during forging.
A gap for metal flow is formed between the edge of the metal and the edge of the metal to produce a good molded product.

Hereinafter, a process of manufacturing a ring using the ring manufacturing apparatus configured as described above will be described.

First, the upper and lower molds 1a and 1b of the gripping part 1 are opened, and the rod-shaped material 2 is made to protrude from the end surface 4 by an appropriate length using a feeding device (not shown). The length of this protrusion is set so that the volume of the protrusion is slightly larger than the volume of the ring to be formed.

Then, the upper and lower molds 1a and 1b are closed, and the concave mold part 5
With the central axis of the circular hole 5b aligned with the central axis of the gripping hole 3, insert the convex mold part 6 into the punch part 6b.
It is fitted into the circular hole 5b of the concave mold part 5 until the end face of the grip part 1 becomes flush with the end face 4 of the grip part 1 (forging process).
In this process, first, the punch portion 6b comes into contact with the end surface 2a of the rod-shaped material 2, and the rod-shaped material 2 is spread around the punch portion 6b (see FIG. 2). is punch part 6
b, formed into a ring shape by the cylindrical portion 6a and the circular hole 5b (see Fig. 3). Note that the force required for forging can be further reduced by not performing forging until the final concave mold is filled, but ending with the shape halfway. In this case, after shearing, upsetting, die forging, or ring rolling is performed to adjust the shape, but since the ring body is smaller, the force required for forging is smaller than when forging is performed to the concave filled state. and decreases to 1/3 to 1/7.

Next, with the convex mold part 6 still inserted, the shearing drive device is operated to move the concave mold part 5 and the convex mold part 6 downward (shearing process, see FIG. 4). . In addition, with some of the forging force remaining,
In other words, if the material is sheared while applying a certain amount of force in the axial direction during forging, the sheared surface becomes smooth, which causes defects such as wrinkles and folds due to poor shearing during hot forging in the final process. Never.

In addition, since the tool movement during shearing directly becomes the tool movement toward material ejection, there is no waste in the movement of each element, and the machining time is shortened.

Further, the concave mold part 5 and the convex mold part 6 are lowered, and the ring R is ejected and dropped by the ejecting pin 7 installed in the peripheral part of the cylindrical part 6a (removal step, see FIG. 5).

Thereafter, the concave mold part 5 is raised while the convex mold part 6 is extracted, and the state shown in FIG. 1 is returned to complete one cycle.

of copper alloy containing Al2.5, Mn3.0, Si1.5 in wt%
A 45mmφ extruded round bar is heated to 400℃ using the equipment shown in Figure 1.
Forged and sheared into outer diameter 50mmφ, inner diameter 35mmφ, height
A 15 mm ring-shaped material was obtained. The forging force at this time was 36Ton, and the shearing force was 6Ton. As a comparative example, when a ring with the above dimensions was manufactured using the method shown in Figure 6 from a 3 mmφ rod under the same conditions, the forging force was
85Ton, and the shearing force was 15Ton. In this example, since a bar with a large outer diameter is used, the stroke amount for feeding the material is small, and the cycle time, which is the sum of the time required for each unit operation, was reduced by about 40% compared to the conventional method.

In the above method, since the amount of metal deformation is small in the forging process, the capacity of the drive device is small and the time required for processing is short. Furthermore, in the shearing step, as shown in FIG. 3, the shearing area is small, so both the capacity of the device and the time required can be reduced.

Further, since the time between the forging process and the shearing process may be short, there is little loss time. Furthermore, the removal process is reliably and quickly carried out, so that the entire process is carried out smoothly.

[Effects of the Invention] As described in detail above, the present invention has a gripping portion in which a gripping hole into which a rod-shaped material is inserted is formed through the gripping portion, and the end surface of one side where the gripping hole opens is formed flat. ,
A concave mold part that is slidably provided along the end face of the one side and has a circular hole having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the gripping hole, and a concave mold part that is slidably fitted into the concave mold part. and a cylindrical convex mold part, and the convex mold part is composed of a cylindrical part that fits into the circular hole, and a cylindrical punch part protruding from the tip of the cylindrical part, and the punch part Using a ring manufacturing device whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the gripping hole, the center axis of the circular hole in the concave mold section is aligned with the center axis of the gripping hole, and a The convex mold part is moved in the gripping direction from the concave mold part to the rod-shaped material protruding into the circular hole of the concave mold part within a range that does not enter the gripping hole, thereby forging the rod-shaped member and forming a ring part. and a shearing step of moving the concave mold part relative to the gripping part along the one end surface and shearing the connecting part of the ring part and the rod-shaped material. As a result, the yield of raw materials into products is good, and since the amount of metal deformation during forging and shearing is small, the capacity of the drive device may be small and the time required for processing is short. Furthermore, since the shearing process is followed by the unloading process and there is no lost time, the entire process can be carried out smoothly and the production efficiency is excellent.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 are cross-sectional views showing the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 6, 8, and 10 are cross-sectional views showing the conventional method, and FIGS. 7, 9, and 11 are cross-sectional views showing the conventional method. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the process of deforming a rod-shaped material in a conventional method. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Gripping part, 2... Rod-shaped member, 3... Gripping hole, 4... End surface, 5... Concave mold part, 5b... Circular hole, 6... Convex mold part, 6a... Cylindrical part , 6b...
Punch club.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A gripping part 1 having a gripping hole 3 through which a rod-shaped material 2 is fitted, and having a flat end surface 4 on one side where the gripping hole 3 opens; a recessed mold part 5 which is slidably provided along the end surface 4 of the recessed mold part 5 and has a circular hole 5b having a central axis parallel to the central axis of the gripping hole 3; The convex mold part 6 includes a cylindrical convex mold part 6 that fits into the circular hole 5b, and a cylindrical punch part 6b that protrudes from the tip of the cylindrical part 6a. With a ring manufacturing device in which the outer diameter of the punch portion 6b is smaller than the inner diameter of the gripping hole 3, the central axis of the circular hole 5b of the concave mold portion 5 is aligned with the central axis of the gripping hole 3. In this state, the convex mold part 6 is inserted into the concave mold part 5 with respect to the rod-shaped material 2 protruding from the one end surface 4 into the circular hole 5b of the concave mold part 5.
a forging step of forging the rod-shaped member 2 to form a ring portion by moving it in the gripping direction within a range that does not enter the gripping hole 3; A method for manufacturing a ring, comprising a shearing step of relative movement along an end surface 4 and shearing a connecting portion between the ring portion and the rod-shaped material 2.