RU2628596C1 - Forming system of axisymmetric parts with elongated axis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: device contains two sliding blocks, the first of which is located on the same axis as the matrix. The second sliding block is placed perpendicular to the mentioned axis. The system contains the movable die, consisting of the outer die with the flange and the inner die. The outer sliding block has the possibility of alternating arrangement on the first sliding block opposite the matrix axis and on the second sliding block. The inner die moves in the outer die. The latter provides the cutting of the workpiece and forming of the axisymmetric part in the matrix together with the inner die. The matrix and the outer die are installed with the cavity formation between them with height not more than three diameters of the workpiece. There is the spring installed between the outer die flange end face and the matrix.

EFFECT: increase of the forming efficiency and production tooling durability.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the stamping of rod products with a large head volume in one transition.

Known horizontally and vertically forging machines in which the stamping of rod products with a large head volume is carried out in several transitions, since the possibility of disembarking the head at the transition is limited by 2-3 diameters of the height of the workpiece. The transfer of the workpiece on the transitions in the machines is carried out either manually or using an automatic shifter. The disadvantage of the technology is its multi-transition and complexity in connection with this design of the machine. (MTOMD: Horizontal forging machines. Vertical forging machines.)

Known automatic presses for stamping valves, in which stamping is carried out in two transitions. At the first transition, the valve stem is extruded; at the second transition, the valve head is stamped. The transfer of the workpiece on the transitions is carried out using an automatic shifter. The disadvantage of the technology is its multi-transition and complexity in connection with this design of the press. (Big Encyclopedia of oil and gas. Stamping valves)

A known method of manufacturing valves by electric upsetting. The electric upsetting process makes it possible to continuously deform the heated part of the workpiece, subject to the ratio L <3d (where L is the initial length of the planted part, d is the initial diameter of the workpiece). At the same time, the upsetting part of the preform has good longitudinal stability, and the total thickening (set of metal) in the planted part can reach significant values. The disadvantage of electric upset technology is the relatively low productivity of the process. (Encyclopedia of Mechanical Engineering XXL. Electric landing.)

A common disadvantage of these technologies is the heterogeneity of the structure of the core part of the product and the head.

A device for stamping axisymmetric parts with an elongated axis, containing mounted on the press frame upper and lower tools, the first of which is made in the form of a punch and the second in the form of a matrix (AS USSR No. 651875, B21D 37/12 1979). The specified device is taken as a prototype. The disadvantages of the device and technology used for the manufacture of such products include the following features:

1. The blank for rolling the head of the product is made by direct extrusion from the bar, which represents the first operation of the process. This transition is the core of the product.

2. The transfer of the current force from the lower end of the matrix to the transverse fingers of the matrix reduces the force allowed on the matrix, complicates the design of the stamp.

3. The rotation of the matrix to push the finished product increases the manufacturing time of the product, which also increases the complexity of manufacturing.

An object of the invention is to increase productivity, increase tool life, product quality, reduce energy consumption and complexity in the manufacture of products.

The task is achieved by reducing the number of transitions in the manufacture of core products with a thickening to one, by changing the stress state scheme and obtaining shear deformations in the volume of the wrought billet, due to which the deformation force is reduced and the mechanical properties of the product metal are increased.

With simultaneous extrusion of the workpiece metal in the lateral and axial directions, the stress-strain state diagram changes over the volume of the workpiece, the number of shear planes increases, as a result of which the grains are intensively crushed, the temperature and ductility of the metal increase, and the strain force decreases compared to separate traditional direct extrusion subsequent upsetting of the head of the product. The fine-grained structure obtained as a result of the application of the proposed device for the manufacture of core products, provides a significant increase in the strength and operational properties of the products. In the proposed device due to the simultaneous deformation of the rod and the head of the product, a uniform structure of the product is achieved.

This object is achieved in that the proposed device contains two sliders, the first slider being located on the same axis with the matrix (for example, horizontally), and the second slider perpendicular to this axis, the punch is made integral, consisting of an outer punch with a flange made with the possibility of alternately on the first slider opposite the axis of the matrix and on the second slider and the inner punch, made with the possibility of movement in the outer slider, while the outer punch is made with the possibility of functions are the pieces of the workpiece and stamping of the product in the matrix together with the inner punch, and there is a cavity between the die and the outer punch whose height h is from one to two to three diameters of the workpiece, while a spring is installed between the end face of the outer punch flange and the die, and the second slider equipped with a stop for holding the outer punch.

A brief description of the positions in figure 1:

1 - matrix;

2 - inner punch;

3 - outer punch with a flange;

4 - matrix axis;

5 - second slider;

6 - workpiece;

7 - spring;

8 - pusher outer punch;

9 - finished product;

10 - emphasis switch;

11 - ejector;

12 - holder;

h is the height of the cavity between the matrix and the outer punch.

Description of the device in statics

A device for stamping axisymmetric parts with an elongated axis contains mounted on a bed (not shown in the drawing) coaxially matrix 1, a composite punch that contains an inner punch 2, made with the possibility of movement in the outer punch 3, equipped with a flange, two sliders, one of which is the first slider (not shown) is located on the same axis 4 with the matrix 1, and the second slider 5 is perpendicular to this axis. The outer punch 3 with a flange is arranged to alternately be located on the first slider opposite the axis 4 of the matrix 1 and on the second slider 5 with the possibility of the function of cutting off the workpiece 6 when moving it to the axis 4 of the matrix 1 and the function of stamping the product 9 upon reaching the axis 4 of the matrix 1 together with the inner punch 2. Between the matrix 1 and the outer punch 3 a cavity is formed, the height of which is from no more than three diameters of the workpiece 6. A spring 7 is installed between the end face of the flange of the outer punch 3 and the matrix 1. For inclusion in the movement stop of the second slider 5 in the bed is installed stop-switch 10. In the matrix 1 is the ejector 11 of the finished product 9. The second slider 5 is equipped with a holder 12 to hold the outer punch 3.

Device operation

The workpiece 6 is fed to the stop-switch 10 through a fixed knife into the outer punch with a flange 3, and the stop includes a cutting mechanism for the workpiece 6.

The slider 5 delivers the cut blank in the punch 3 to the axis 4 of the stamping mechanism. The inner punch 2 is inserted into the hole of the outer punch 3, for example, one and a half to two diameters of the rod, while the holder 12 of the outer punch 3 is removed. Slider 5 is returned to its original position before the start of the segments. The pusher 8 and the inner punch 2 feed the workpiece into the matrix 1 and stamp the product. In this case, first the outer punch 3 is fed fully to the spring 7, then the inner punch 2 punchs the end of the inner punch 2 against the end of the pusher 8, and then the outer punch 3 and the inner punch 2 jointly stamp the product head, compressing the spring 7.

Then, by joint reverse stroke of the outer punch 3, the inner punch 2, the ejector 11 and the spring 7, the product 9 is removed from the matrix 1. The outer punch 3 is then brought out of the inner punch 2 to the initial position before deformation. The finished product 9 falls into the container, the slider 5 covers the outer punch 3, while the holder 12 fixes it in the slider 5. The inner punch 2 and the pusher 8 are removed from the outer punch 3 to its original position. Slider 5 is returned to its original position. The initial position of the outer punch 3, the inner punch 2, the pusher 8, the slider 5 is shown by a conditional line. Next, the process is repeated.

The manufacture of the product can be carried out using both a cold blank of the product and a heated blank of the product.

At the MIPT laboratory on a tensile testing machine with a force of 1000 kN, the stamping of the valve of an internal combustion engine from a lead billet with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30.5 mm was tested in an experimental setup. The stamping force was 250 kN. After extruding a part of the preform rod, the extruding rod was finally extruded with simultaneous transverse extrusion of the valve disc.

The device can be used for stamping bolts, trunnions and many other engineering products.

Claims (1)

A device for stamping axisymmetric parts with an elongated axis, comprising a matrix and a punch coaxially mounted on the bed, characterized in that it is provided with two sliders, the first of which is located on the same axis with the matrix, and the second is perpendicular to the axis, while the punch is made of composite an outer punch with a flange having the possibility of alternating location on the first slider opposite the axis of the matrix and on the second slider, and an inner punch made to move in the outer punch, which is made with the possibility of making pieces of blanks and stamping of an axisymmetric part with an elongated axis in the matrix together with the inner punch, the matrix and the outer punch being installed with the formation of a cavity between them, the height of which is no more than three diameters of the workpiece, between the end face of the outer punch flange and the matrix spring, and the second slider is equipped with a holder to hold the outer punch.

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