RU2240198C2 - Shaping tool for making parts such as rods with head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: plastic working of metals, possibly manufacture of parts by heading in forging machines and cold heading automatic machines.

SUBSTANCE: shaping tool includes die with forming cavity and punches. Punches are provided with guides and die has guiding grooves for moving punches. Guides of punches and guiding grooves of die are arranged in such a way that movement of punches provides formation of closed volume for deforming blank material. It is possible to use as punches ganged-cone punch and shaping punch. Each punch is provided with sliding spring-loaded rod. Punches may have compensation device for increasing volume of shaping cavity restricted by punch and die when blank whose volume exceeds designed one is fed. Tool may have inductor for preliminarily heating of blank by means of HF currents before cutting blank from coil or rod.

EFFECT: enhanced quality of parts, lowered labor consumption for making them.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metal forming and can be used to obtain parts by upsetting on forging machines and cold heading machines.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is a forming tool for the manufacture of parts such as a rod with a head by upsetting on forging machines and cold heading machines, containing a matrix with a forming cavity and punches (SU 1632600 A1, 03.03.1991, B 21 J 5/08) .

A disadvantage of the known snap is the occurrence of a flash between the contacting ends of the punch and the matrix.

The technical problem to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the quality of the parts obtained, reduce the complexity of their manufacture.

To solve the problem in a known forming tool for the manufacture of parts such as a rod with a head by upsetting on forging machines and cold heading machines, containing a matrix with a forming cavity and punches, the latter are made with guides, and the matrix with guide grooves for moving the guiding punches the said guides of the punches and the guide grooves of the matrix are located from the condition of ensuring the creation during movement of the punches of a closed volume for deformation of the material cooking.

As punches, a punched cone punch and a forming punch are used, each of which is equipped with a sliding spring-loaded rod.

The set-up cone punch and the forming punch can be made with a compensating device for increasing the volume of the forming cavity formed by the punch and the die when a workpiece, the volume of which exceeds the calculated value, is fed into the forming cavity.

The matrix cushion of forging machines and cold heading machines is made with two holes, the depth of which is determined from the condition that the punches are placed in them when they are moving at idle.

The equipment can be equipped with an inductor for preheating to the forging temperature with high frequency currents of the workpiece before it is cut from a bay or bar.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 presents the shaping tool with a punch of a type-setting cone;

figure 2 - forming tooling with a forming punch.

The forming tool for the manufacture of parts such as a bar with a head by the upsetting method, which can be integrated into various forging machines and cold heading machines, contains a matrix 1 with a forming cavity 2, a punch 3 of a tapering cone with a guide 4, a forming punch 5 with a guide 6. A punch 3 of a tapping the cone is equipped with a sliding rod 7, a spring-loaded spring 8, which has a sliding stop 17 with a pointed head part, a spring 18 and a compensating device 9, and the forming punch 5 is equipped with a sliding a rod 10 with a spring 11 and a compensating device 12. In the matrix 1 there are guide grooves 13 for moving the guides 4 and 6, respectively, of the punches 3 and 5. This forming tool allows you to make part 14 in two transitions, i.e. in two hits.

Forming equipment works as follows.

When the punch 3 of the stacking cone and the forming punch 5 moves forward due to the location of their guides 4 and 6 in the guide grooves 13 of the matrix 1, the volume closes, in which the workpiece 15 is deformed. Prior to this, the sliding stop 17 with the spring 18 (whose force is sufficient to overcome the forces friction of the workpiece in the feeding “hand” of the machine) pushes the workpiece 5 into the matrix 1. In this case, inevitable inaccuracies when cutting the workpiece 15 (rebound from the stop, oblique cut, burr), changing its volume and leading to breakage tools are compensated by compensating devices 9 and 12, which can be made in the form of a disk cup springs. The force of Belleville springs slightly exceeds the required deformation (upset) force of the workpiece. When the force of the Belleville springs is exceeded, the latter, compressing, provide the required increase in the forming volume in the punch and the matrix. Thus, the reliability of the equipment is guaranteed.

When the punches 3 and 5 move backward, the sliding rods 7 and 10 under the action of the springs 8 and 11 push the product (part 14) out of the punches, leaving it in the matrix, and the sliding stop 17 under the action of the spring 18 returns to its original position. After the second finishing stroke, the product is pushed out of the matrix by the ejector 16, which is an element of the forging machine or cold heading machine.

Due to the fact that in this forming tool the deformation of the workpiece occurs in a closed volume with the exception of the displacement of the axis of the punches relative to the axis of the matrix, it is possible to reduce the number of transitions, the operation to trim the flake is eliminated, and the accuracy of the obtained products is increased.

The compactness of the forming equipment allows you to embed an inductor into it to heat the workpieces, making it possible to significantly increase the degree of deformation and reduce the required deformation force, and the presence of compensating devices improves the reliability of the equipment.

Claims (5)

1. Forming equipment for the manufacture of parts such as a core with a head by the method of upsetting on forging machines and cold heading machines, containing a matrix with a forming cavity and punches, characterized in that the punches are made with guides, and the matrix with guide grooves for moving the guiding punches the said guides of the punches and the guide grooves of the matrix are arranged to ensure that during the movement of the punches a closed volume is created for deformation of the workpiece material. 2. The equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the punches of the cone and the forming punch are used as punches, each of which is equipped with a sliding spring-loaded rod. 3. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the composing cone punch and the forming punch are made with a compensating device for increasing the volume of the forming cavity formed by the punch and the die when a workpiece is supplied into the forming cavity, the volume of which exceeds the calculated value. 4. Equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the matrix cushion of forging machines and cold heading machines is made with two holes, the depth of which is determined from the condition that the punches are placed in them when they are moving at idle. 5. Equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is equipped with an inductor for preheating to the forging temperature by high frequency currents of the workpiece before it is cut from a bay or bar.

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