CN112402602A - 一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂、灭活疫苗及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂、灭活疫苗及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂、灭活疫苗及制备方法,取壳聚糖1~3g和双链聚肌胞0.1~0.3mg,与质量分数为0.8~1%的乙酸盐溶液混合,充分溶解后用0.45um滤器过滤,将产物除菌后2~8℃保存制得佐剂。还涉及一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗的制备方法,将浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原用质量分数0.8~1%生理盐水稀释至一定比例后与佐剂按照1:1的比例混合并搅拌均匀,保证抗原活菌不低于1.5×109CFU/ml,制备得到四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。本发明制备的佐剂用作猪链球菌病四价灭活疫苗的制备,制备的疫苗具有疫苗多价保护普广、稳定性高、安全性好、使用方便、疫苗保护效果好的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物学领域,特别是兽用生物制品领域技术领域,具体涉及一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂、灭活疫苗及制备方法。
背景技术
猪链球菌是一种重要且危害严重的人畜共患传染病病原,最新分型分为 29个血清型,早先认为35个血清型,后经验证20、22、26、32、33、34并不是猪链球菌。当前我国猪群中流行的主要血清型为血清2型、9型、7型和马兽疫亚种,血清型众多及不同地区血清型不同,给猪链球菌病的防控带来的很大的难度。
随着抗生素使用的越来越规范,猪链球菌病的防控更多依靠疫苗来预防。当前商售的疫苗主要有两类:针对马兽疫亚种的活疫苗,针对血清2型、7 型和马兽疫亚种的油乳剂疫苗、蜂胶疫苗和铝胶疫苗。活疫苗使用范围窄,仅能对马兽疫亚种起到一定的预防。油乳剂疫苗注射不当会引起注射局部的化脓,并且加入太多抗原时油乳剂疫苗稳定性受到影响,铝胶疫苗的抗体水平低、持续时间段且保护率不高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂、灭活疫苗及制备方法,佐剂用于四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的生产过程中,替代传统的油佐剂和铝胶佐剂,生产的猪链球菌病四价灭活疫苗安全性高、可注射性好、保护率高的优势,可用于哺乳期仔猪的正常免疫接种。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
提供一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法,取壳聚糖1~3g和双链聚肌胞0.1~0.3mg,与质量分数为0.8~1%的乙酸盐溶液混合,充分溶解后用0.45um滤器过滤,将产物除菌后2~8℃保存制得佐剂。
作为优选,壳聚糖为88.5%脱乙酰度壳聚糖。
进一步的,乙酸盐为乙酸和氯化钠,其中:乙酸为0.8~1ml,氯化钠为 0.8~1g。
一种使用所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法制备的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂。
一种使用所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法,将浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原用质量分数0.8~1%生理盐水稀释后与佐剂按照1:1的比例混合并搅拌均匀,保证抗原活菌不低于1.5×109 CFU/ml,制备得到四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。
进一步的,浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原的制备,包括以下步骤:
S1、取血清2型LT株、血清7型YZ株、血清9型SQ株、马兽疫亚种 XS株冻干菌种,在5%成牛血清的TSA平板上复苏,37℃培养12~16h,接种含5%成牛血清的TSB培养基,37℃,150rpm摇床震荡培养4~6小时作为发酵种子液;
S2、在10L发酵罐进行发酵,以TSB培养基添加5%成牛血清分别进行 4种血清型菌株的发酵,37℃,100rpm,溶氧控制30~60%,pH控制在7.2±0.1,培养5~8小时,收获菌液并进行活菌计数;
S3、使用5%甲醛对上述菌液灭活24h,10000rpm离心灭活菌液,浓缩至5×1010CFU/ml,即为制苗用抗原。
一种使用所述的制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法制备的四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。
本发明的有益效果:
通过佐剂制备的四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗,替代传统的油佐剂和铝胶佐剂,生产的猪链球菌病四价灭活疫苗安全性高、可注射性好、保护率高、抗原普广和稳定性好等的优势,可用于哺乳期仔猪的正常免疫接种,常规免疫能有效的预防猪链球菌病的发生。
具体实施方式
为能清楚说明本方案的技术特点,下面通过具体实施方式,对本方案进行阐述。
实施例1:
一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法,取壳聚糖2g和双链聚肌胞0.2mg,与质量分数为0.9%的乙酸盐溶液混合,充分溶解后用0.45um滤器过滤,将产物除菌后6℃保存制得佐剂。
在本发明的佐剂中:壳聚糖是由自然界广泛存在的几丁质经过脱乙酰作用得到的,有明显的抑菌效果,同时具有很高的吸附蛋白的能力,在溶菌素酶的作用下降解,不会造成残留。双链聚肌胞是免疫增强剂,能够抑制猪链球菌的增殖,乙酸盐水为溶解壳聚糖所用。
其中:壳聚糖采用88.5%脱乙酰度壳聚糖,乙酸盐为乙酸和氯化钠,乙酸为0.9ml,氯化钠为0.9g。
将88.5%脱乙酰度壳聚糖按比例溶解于0.9%乙酸盐水中即为壳聚糖酸溶液,然后添加0.2mg/ml的双链聚肌胞,充分溶解,以0.45um滤器过滤即为制苗用四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂,6℃保存,不超过3个月。
实施例2:
一种使用所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法,
首先,制备浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原,包括以下步骤:
S1、取血清2型LT株、血清7型YZ株、血清9型SQ株、马兽疫亚种 XS株冻干菌种,在5%成牛血清的TSA平板上复苏,37℃培养14h,接种含 5%成牛血清的TSB培养基,37℃,150rpm摇床震荡培养5小时作为发酵种子液;
S2、在10L发酵罐进行发酵,以TSB培养基添加5%成牛血清分别进行 4种血清型菌株的发酵,37℃,100rpm,溶氧控制45%,pH控制在7.2,培养6小时,收获菌液并进行活菌计数;
S3、使用5%甲醛对上述菌液灭活24h,10000rpm离心灭活菌液,浓缩至5×1010CFU/ml,即为制苗用抗原。
将上述四种菌株的抗原分别用质量分数0.9%生理盐水稀释,以生理盐水稀释浓缩抗原制备水相至30亿/ml,然后水相与佐剂按照1:1比例混合搅拌均匀,等量分装至疫苗瓶中,保证抗原活菌不低于1.5×109CFU/ml,制备得到四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。
对上述制备的疫苗进行疫苗检验:
1.无菌检验:
无菌检验,按照现行《中国兽药典》附录进行,检验结果为:无菌生长。
2.性状检验:
疫苗成均一的无色浑浊透明液体,黏度3~5cp。
3.安全检验:
28~35日龄健康仔猪5头,颈部肌肉注射,4ml/头,接种后观察1h,无不良反应,免疫后3天测定体温,体温升高不超过0.5℃,免疫后14天内接种部位无不良反应,猪只应用到全部健活。
免疫后3天内仔猪体温变化如下表所示:
猪编号 | 第一天 | 第二天 | 第三天 |
001 | 38.9℃ | 38.6 | 38.7 |
002 | 38.6℃ | 38.5 | 38.6 |
003 | 39.1℃ | 38.8 | 38.8 |
004 | 38.8℃ | 38.7 | 38.5 |
005 | 39.0℃ | 38.8 | 38.6 |
4.效力检验:
28~35日龄健康仔猪40头,5头/组,取20头颈部肌肉注射接种,2ml/ 头,剩余20头作为空白对照组。免疫接种后21天,以猪链球菌血清2型LT 株、血清9型SQ株、血清7型YZ株、马兽疫亚种XS株最小致死剂量(MLD) 进行耳缘静脉攻毒,对4种血清型的保护效果能到达80%以上。
疫苗对四种血清型的攻毒保护结果如下表所示:
当然,上述说明也并不仅限于上述举例,本发明未经描述的技术特征可以通过或采用现有技术实现,在此不再赘述;以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案并非是对本发明的限制,参照优选的实施方式对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换都不脱离本发明的宗旨,也应属于本发明的权利要求保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法,其特征在于:取壳聚糖1~3g和双链聚肌胞0.1~0.3mg,与质量分数为0.8~1%的乙酸盐溶液混合,充分溶解后用0.45um滤器过滤,将产物除菌后2~8℃保存制得佐剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法,其特征在于:壳聚糖为88.5%脱乙酰度壳聚糖。
3.根据权利要求1所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法,其特征在于:乙酸盐为乙酸和氯化钠,其中:乙酸为0.8~1ml,氯化钠为0.8~1g。
4.一种使用权利要求1所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂的制备方法制备的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂。
5.一种使用权利要求4所述的四价猪链球菌病灭活疫苗佐剂制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法,其特征在于:将浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原用质量分数0.8~1%生理盐水稀释后与佐剂按照1:1的比例混合并搅拌均匀,保证抗原活菌不低于1.5×109CFU/ml,制备得到四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法,其特征在于:浓缩灭活猪链球菌四价抗原的制备,包括以下步骤:
S1、取血清2型LT株、血清7型YZ株、血清9型SQ株、马兽疫亚种XS株冻干菌种,在5%成牛血清的TSA平板上复苏,37℃培养12~16h,接种含5%成牛血清的TSB培养基,37℃,150rpm摇床震荡培养4~6小时作为发酵种子液;
S2、在10L发酵罐进行发酵,以TSB培养基添加5%成牛血清分别进行4种血清型菌株的发酵,37℃,100rpm,溶氧控制30~60%,pH控制在7.2±0.1,培养5~8小时,收获菌液并进行活菌计数;
S3、使用5%甲醛对上述菌液灭活24h,10000rpm离心灭活菌液,浓缩至5×1010CFU/ml,即为制苗用抗原。
7.一种使用权利要求5所述的制备四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗的方法制备的四价猪链球菌灭活疫苗。
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