CN112391624A - Preparation method and application of high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment body - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment body Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112391624A
CN112391624A CN202011067619.6A CN202011067619A CN112391624A CN 112391624 A CN112391624 A CN 112391624A CN 202011067619 A CN202011067619 A CN 202011067619A CN 112391624 A CN112391624 A CN 112391624A
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metal
cold spraying
cold
density
spraying
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Inventor
李羿含
张清贵
李星彤
王亮
徐建
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Hubei Super Aviation Technology Co ltd
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Hubei Super Aviation Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/02Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
    • C23C24/04Impact or kinetic deposition of particles

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 1-3:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material; 2) cold spraying deposition molding: spraying the cold spraying raw material on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body; wherein the parameters of cold spraying are as follows: the gas pressure is 1.6-1.8MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 400-430 ℃. The preparation method provided by the invention can effectively improve the particle combination and reduce the porosity in the cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment, overcomes the technical bias in the field, is simple to operate, has high density of the prepared cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment, has high heat resistance, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and effectively prolongs the service life of metal parts for airplanes.

Description

Preparation method and application of high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment body
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cold spraying, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment body.
Background
In the fields of aviation and aerospace, most metal parts are subjected to corrosion and abrasion tests in the using process until the metal parts are scrapped due to failure. Therefore, in order to prolong the service life of the metal parts, the metal parts are usually subjected to surface treatment before use to improve corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The inventor finds that the metal parts (such as titanium alloy materials) for the airplane after the surface treatment by the prior art still can fail and be rejected due to high temperature, abrasion and corrosion.
Cold spraying is a surface spraying process in which the metal particles are not melted throughout the process. Namely, the process of accelerating metal particles to critical speed (supersonic speed) by using compressed air or other gases at lower temperature (< 1000 ℃) so as to enable the metal particles to impact a substrate at high speed (300-1200m/s) in a complete solid state, and realizing material deposition by violent deformation at the interface of the particles and the substrate. The lower gas temperature avoids thermal effects of the powder such as oxidation, phase changes, grain growth, etc. in conventional thermal spray processes. At the same time, the higher particle velocity contributes to sufficient plastic deformation of the particles during deposition to obtain a tissue-dense deposit. These characteristics make cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit bodies generally excellent in properties such as high electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high corrosion resistance, and high wear resistance. In addition, the low deposition temperature makes the cold spraying become an effective method for preparing heat-sensitive materials such as nanocrystalline metal materials, nano composite materials, metal glass and the like, and oxidation-sensitive materials such as Ti, Cu and alloys thereof and the like, and can avoid defects caused by other processes.
Numerous research results indicate that the properties of cold spray deposits are significantly affected by their own microstructure, in particular the state of inter-particle bonding and porosity. The pores and weak bonds between the particles in the deposit can seriously affect the conduction of electrons, heat and force and also can be a rapid passage for corrosive media to enter the interior of the deposit. Therefore, the bonding state between particles and the high or low porosity of the deposit are decisive for the quality of the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the deposit.
At present, in a cold spraying process, two ways of obviously increasing the speed and the temperature of particles are mainly used for enhancing the bonding among particles of a sediment body and reducing the porosity of the sediment body. Increasing the particle velocity can create higher stresses during high velocity impact, forcing the particles to undergo greater plastic deformation. Increasing the temperature of the particles can significantly increase the plastic deformation capability of the particles, thereby reducing the critical speed required for particle deposition and simultaneously generating larger plastic deformation. The speed of the particles is significantly increased by using expensive helium as the accelerating gas. Increasing the temperature of the particles is generally achieved by increasing the temperature of the accelerating gas, but heating the deposited coating by the higher temperature gas stream exposed to air can cause oxidation of the surface of the oxidizable metal coating, which can seriously affect the quality of the interparticle bonding. In addition, the higher particle temperature can cause spray gun blockage for some low-melting-point metals such as Al, Mg, Zn and the like, alloys and partial nickel-based high-temperature alloys, and the cold spraying process performance is seriously influenced. Thus, there is a need for a method that can increase particle binding and reduce porosity in cold spray deposits without requiring significant increases in particle velocity and temperature.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method and application of a high-density cold spraying metal/metal base sediment body, the preparation method does not need to obviously improve the particle speed and the deposition temperature, can improve the particle combination in the cold spraying sediment body and reduce the porosity, is simple to operate, and the prepared cold spraying metal/metal base sediment body has compact structure and excellent mechanical property.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a method of preparing a high density cold sprayed metal/metal based deposit comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 1-3:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: spraying the cold spraying raw material on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body;
wherein the parameters of cold spraying are as follows: the gas pressure is 1.6-1.8MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 400-430 ℃.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be further improved as follows.
Further, in the step 1), the average grain diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 4-15 μm.
Further, in the step 1), the average grain size of the titanium nitride ceramic shot is 10 times that of the titanium alloy powder.
Further, in the step 2), the gas used for cold spraying is nitrogen or air.
Further, in the step 2), the porosity of the formed high-density cold spraying metal/metal matrix deposit body is not more than 0.4%.
Another object of the invention is to provide the use of a high density cold sprayed metal/metal based deposit for the preparation of a high heat resistant, high corrosion resistant, high wear resistant coating or a high mechanical performance workpiece.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
an application of high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sedimentary body in preparing high-heat-resistance, high-corrosion-resistance and high-abrasion-resistance coating or high-mechanical-property metal parts for airplanes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method provided by the invention does not need to obviously improve the particle speed and the deposition temperature, can improve the particle combination in the cold spraying deposition body and reduce the porosity, overcomes the technical bias in the field, is simple to operate, has high density of the prepared cold spraying metal/metal-based deposition body, has high heat resistance, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and excellent mechanical properties, and effectively prolongs the service life of metal parts for airplanes.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 1-3:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material; wherein the average grain diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 4-15 μm, and the average grain diameter of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting is 10 times of that of the titanium alloy powder;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: spraying the cold spraying raw material on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body;
wherein the parameters of cold spraying are as follows: the gas pressure is 1.6-1.8MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 400-430 ℃. In the spraying process, the in-situ densification of the sediment body is realized by the online shot blasting of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting on the sediment body without subsequent treatment.
The preparation method is made aiming at the problems of weak particle combination, high porosity of the deposit body and the like in the cold spraying deposit body on the surface of the existing metal part for the airplane. Through research, the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting is mixed with titanium alloy powder to be used as a cold spraying raw material, and a deposit formed by cold spraying deposition has high density, high heat resistance, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and excellent mechanical properties. After a large number of experiments, the inventor finds that when the cold spraying parameters are designed to be that the gas pressure is 1.6-1.8MPa and the gas heating temperature is 400-430 ℃, the prepared cold spraying sediment has higher density and better comprehensive performance. Based on the test results, the inventors have devised a method for preparing a high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit. Therefore, the preparation method of the invention does not need to obviously improve the particle speed and temperature and can improve the particle combination in the cold spraying sediment body and reduce the porosity, thereby effectively prolonging the service life of the metal part for the airplane, and the design of the inventor obviously overcomes the technical bias in the field.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step 2), the gas used for cold spraying is nitrogen or air.
And (3) before cold spraying in the step 2), carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the metal part for the airplane. The surface of the metal part for the airplane can obtain certain cleanliness and roughness, and the mechanical property of the surface of the metal part for the airplane is improved, so that the fatigue resistance of the metal part for the airplane is improved, the adhesive force between the metal part for the airplane and a deposition body is increased, the durability of the deposition body is obviously prolonged, and the fatigue strength and the fatigue life of the metal part for the airplane after cold spraying are improved. After the sandblast was accomplished, the sandblast region was observed with roughness contrast sample piece contrast to confirm whether the sandblast effect satisfies the requirements, and blow the regional surface of sandblast clean with compressed air. The sandblasting is a prior art and is not described herein.
The high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment prepared by the preparation method can be applied to preparing high-heat-resistance, high-corrosion-resistance and high-abrasion-resistance coatings or high-mechanical-property metal parts for airplanes.
According to the preparation method, the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and the titanium alloy powder are mixed, so that in the cold spraying process, the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and the titanium alloy powder are accelerated and heated at the same time by high-speed airflow to impact metal parts for the airplane, deposition is realized through violent deformation at the interface of the particles and the metal parts for the airplane, and the compactness of the cold spraying metal/metal matrix sediment body is further improved by utilizing the impact tamping action of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting. Further, since the average particle diameter of the titanium nitride ceramic shot is 10 times that of the titanium alloy powder, the titanium nitride ceramic shot itself is not deposited or only a small amount of deposition occurs. Namely, part of titanium nitride ceramic shot is crushed and deposited on the surface of the metal part for the airplane during the high-speed impact.
Because titanium nitride ceramics have high hardness and good chemical stability, the titanium nitride ceramics can be used as a refractory and wear-resistant material. Therefore, during the spray coating process, the titanium nitride ceramic shot does not deposit or only deposits in small amounts do not affect the properties of the deposit. The titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting which is not deposited can be recycled, thereby reducing the production cost.
The preparation method can effectively improve the particle combination in the cold spraying sedimentary body and reduce the porosity, overcomes the technical bias in the field, is simple to operate, and the prepared cold spraying metal/metal-based sedimentary body has high density, high heat resistance, high corrosion resistance, high wear resistance and excellent mechanical property, and effectively prolongs the service life of metal parts for airplanes.
Example 1
This embodiment 1 provides a method for preparing a high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit, including the following steps:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 1:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material; wherein the average grain diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 4 μm, and the average grain diameter of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting is 40 μm;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: after the surface of the metal part for the airplane is subjected to sand blasting treatment, the cold spraying raw material is sprayed on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form the high-density cold spraying metal/metal matrix sediment body.
The parameters of cold spraying were: the gas pressure is 1.6MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 430 ℃; the gas used is air.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 provides a method for preparing a high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit, including the following steps:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 2:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material; wherein the average grain diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 9 μm, and the average grain diameter of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting is 90 μm;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: after the surface of the metal part for the airplane is subjected to sand blasting treatment, the cold spraying raw material is sprayed on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form the high-density cold spraying metal/metal matrix sediment body.
The parameters of cold spraying were: the gas pressure is 1.7MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 415 ℃; the gas used was nitrogen.
Example 3
The preparation method of the high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit described in this embodiment 3 includes the following steps:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 3:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material; wherein the average grain diameter of the titanium alloy powder is 15 μm, and the average grain diameter of the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting is 150 μm;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: after the surface of the metal part for the airplane is subjected to sand blasting treatment, the cold spraying raw material is sprayed on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form the high-density cold spraying metal/metal matrix sediment body.
The parameters of cold spraying were: the gas pressure is 1.8MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 400 ℃; the gas used was nitrogen.
Experimental example 1
The raw materials and preparation method of this experimental example 1 were the same as those of example 1. The parameters of cold spraying were: the gas pressure is 1.5MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 440 ℃; the gas used is air.
Experimental example 2
The raw materials and preparation method of this experimental example 2 were the same as those of example 3. The parameters of cold spraying were: the gas pressure is 1.9MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 390 ℃; the gas used was nitrogen.
Comparative example 1
The raw material of comparative example 1 was titanium alloy powder having an average particle diameter of 4 μm, and the deposit was prepared by the existing cold spray method.
Examples 1 to 3 are examples of the present invention, examples 1 to 2 are examples of the present invention, comparative example 1 is a prior art and comparative example of the present invention, and the properties of the depositions prepared in examples 1 to 3, examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were measured respectively, and the results are shown in table 1 below.
The deposits prepared in examples 1 to 3, experimental examples 1 to 2 and comparative example 1 were subjected to a frictional wear test in a line contact reciprocating sliding manner with a loading force of 1N, a relative movement speed of 3mm/s, a reciprocating stroke of 10mm, and a wear of 20000 times to obtain relevant experimental result parameters, as shown in table 1 below.
The corrosion test was performed using an artificial simulated seawater (3.5% aqueous NaCl solution) corrosion medium. The test is carried out at normal temperature, a sample to be tested is soaked in 3.5% NaCl aqueous solution for 60 days, then the sample is taken out, cleaned, dried and weighed to test the corrosion resistance, and the result is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Experimental example 1 Experimental example 2 Comparative example 1
Porosity (%) 0.31 0.40 0.35 1.65 1.98 8.16
Average abrasion loss (mg) 0.32 0.51 0.46 1.41 1.53 4.98
Weight loss (g) 0.0021 0.0033 0.0026 0.0079 0.0094 0.0132
Referring to table 1, from the analysis of the test data of examples 1-3, experimental examples 1-2, and comparative example 1, it can be seen that the technical effect of example 2 in terms of porosity, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance is the worst of the 3 sets of examples. However, as can be seen from the comparison of the test data of the example 2, the experimental examples 1-2 and the comparative example 1, the technical scheme of the example 2 is obviously superior to the experimental examples 1-2 and the comparative example 1 in terms of compactness, corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Therefore, it can be determined that the technical solution of the present invention has a technical effect significantly better than those of experimental examples 1-2 and comparative example 1, and the technical effect of the preferred solution of the present invention is better. The cold spraying metal/metal base sediment prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of obviously improved performance in the aspects of compactness, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like, excellent heat resistance and capability of effectively solving the technical problems in the prior art.
The mechanisms, components and parts of the present invention which are not described in detail are all the existing structures which exist in the prior art. Can be purchased directly from the market.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. A method for preparing a high density cold sprayed metal/metal based deposit, comprising the steps of:
1) preparation of raw materials: uniformly mixing the titanium nitride ceramic shot blasting and titanium alloy powder in a volume ratio of 1-3:1 to obtain a cold spraying raw material;
2) cold spraying deposition molding: spraying the cold spraying raw material on the surface of the metal part for the airplane to form a high-density cold spraying metal/metal-based sediment body;
wherein the parameters of cold spraying are as follows: the gas pressure is 1.6-1.8MPa, and the gas heating temperature is 400-430 ℃.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the average particle diameter of the titanium alloy powder in the step 1) is 4 to 15 μm.
3. The production method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 1), the average grain size of the titanium nitride ceramic shot is 10 times that of the titanium alloy powder.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the gas used in the cold spraying in the step 2) is nitrogen or air.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit formed in step 2) has a porosity of not more than 0.4%.
6. Use of the high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based deposit obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for producing a high-heat-resistance, high-corrosion-resistance, high-wear-resistance coating or a high-mechanical-property metallic part for an aircraft.
CN202011067619.6A 2020-10-06 2020-10-06 Preparation method and application of high-density cold-sprayed metal/metal-based sediment body Pending CN112391624A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113308688A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-27 广东省科学院新材料研究所 Nano bulk crystal metal material and preparation method thereof
CN114107857A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-01 西北有色金属研究院 High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode
CN114250459A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-29 浙江工业大学 Method for supersonic laser deposition micro shot blasting and spraying device

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CN104894554A (en) * 2015-04-10 2015-09-09 西安交通大学 Preparation method of high density cold spraying metal/metal-based sedimentary body and application thereof
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1605035A (en) * 1977-05-31 1981-12-16 Secr Defence Simultaneous spray deposition and peening of metal
CN101155946A (en) * 2005-04-07 2008-04-02 Snt株式会社 Method of preparing wear-resistant coating layer comprising metal matrix composite and coating layer prepared thereby
CN101160417A (en) * 2005-04-15 2008-04-09 Snt株式会社 Method of preparing metal matrix composite and coating layer and bulk prepared thereby
US20160258068A1 (en) * 2013-09-27 2016-09-08 United Technologies Corporation Self-peening feedstock materials for cold spray deposition
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113308688A (en) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-27 广东省科学院新材料研究所 Nano bulk crystal metal material and preparation method thereof
CN114107857A (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-03-01 西北有色金属研究院 High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode
CN114107857B (en) * 2021-11-30 2022-04-26 西北有色金属研究院 High-temperature high-pressure shot peening strengthening method for improving ablation resistance of surface of refractory metal electrode
CN114250459A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-29 浙江工业大学 Method for supersonic laser deposition micro shot blasting and spraying device

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Application publication date: 20210223