CN112390368A - Novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112390368A
CN112390368A CN202011072343.0A CN202011072343A CN112390368A CN 112390368 A CN112390368 A CN 112390368A CN 202011072343 A CN202011072343 A CN 202011072343A CN 112390368 A CN112390368 A CN 112390368A
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bentonite
floating bed
ecological floating
active carbon
novel
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CN202011072343.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张学伟
张静
谢兴勇
邓晖
周天晴
梁晓岑
张涛
周超胜
杨晨
陆心怡
任卓
黄逸轩
刘小立
聂道远
殷思远
平笑武
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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Huaiyin Institute of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filler comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 52-58% of bentonite, 22-25% of activated carbon, 8-15% of pore-forming agent and 7-11% of adhesive. The preparation method is characterized in that bentonite and active carbon are used as raw materials, peanut shell powder is used as a pore-forming agent, and sodium silicate is used as an adhesive, and the bentonite and the active carbon are obtained by high-temperature calcination in an inert atmosphere. The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared by the invention has the advantages of high strength, large porosity, large specific surface area, high water absorption and the like, and has good removal effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrient salts and solubility chromaticity in water.

Description

Novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, relates to a filler of an ecological floating bed, and particularly relates to a novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ecological floating bed technology is a water body biological treatment method with low cost and good effect, is an important in-situ water body restoration technology, has the advantages of directly utilizing water surface space without additionally occupying land, being convenient to manage, having low operation cost, not causing secondary pollution to water bodies and the like, and is widely applied to water body treatment in a plurality of fields of agricultural wastewater, domestic sewage, aquaculture wastewater, eutrophicated lakes, rivers and the like.
The ecological floating bed is also called artificial floating bed, plant floating bed, artificial floating island, etc. and consists of mainly floating bed frame, floating bed body, floating bed matrix and floating bed plant. At present, zeolite, vermiculite, fly ash, biological ceramsite and biological fiber such as bamboo filament, straw and the like are commonly used as floating bed substrates. The biological ceramsite is widely applied due to the high porosity, large specific surface area and rough surface, and is easy to grow by a microorganism biofilm. The biological ceramsite attached and grown by microorganisms has a good removal effect on nutrient substances such as nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body, and in addition, has a good removal effect on the non-soluble chromaticity formed by plankton and plankton algae in the water body, but has a poor treatment effect on the soluble chromaticity caused by pollution of humus, dye wastewater and the like in the water body.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler, which is formed by compounding bentonite with an activated carbon component, so that the filler has a removal effect on non-soluble chromaticity formed by plankton and plankton algae, and simultaneously, the removal effect of the filler on soluble chromaticity formed by organic matters such as humus, dye molecules and the like is greatly improved, and the COD of a water body is greatly reduced; the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the filler, which comprises the steps of mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive, adding water, stirring to form pug, granulating, drying, and calcining in an inert atmosphere.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler is composed of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 52-58% of bentonite, 22-25% of activated carbon, 8-15% of pore-forming agent and 7-11% of adhesive.
The invention further improves the scheme as follows:
the pore-forming agent is peanut shell powder; the adhesive is sodium silicate.
Further, the bentonite is natural sodium bentonite, and the particle size of the bentonite is 100-300 meshes; the particle size of the activated carbon is 100-300 meshes.
Further, the peanut shell powder is obtained by drying and crushing peanut shells and sieving the peanut shells with a sieve of 80-150 meshes.
The invention further improves the scheme as follows:
the preparation method of the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler comprises the following steps:
a. mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive in proportion to obtain mixed powder;
b. adding a proper amount of water into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring to form pug, aging for 10-15 hours, extruding the pug into strips, forming, cutting the pug into sections with the section diameter of 6-10 mm, growing the sections into 5-7mm, aging for 2-5 hours again, drying at 80-130 ℃, and calcining at 500-550 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler.
The active carbon is prepared by organic substances such as shells, coal or wood through pyrolysis and activation processing, has a developed microporous structure, abundant surface chemical groups and very strong adsorption performance, can remove peculiar smell, colloid and heavy metals in water and organic substances such as synthetic detergents, pesticides, herbicides, synthetic dyes and the like, not only can greatly reduce the chromaticity of the water, but also can reduce the COD of the water.
The invention uses bentonite and active carbon as base materials, peanut shell powder as pore-forming agent, adds a proper amount of adhesive, mixes and granulates, and calcines at high temperature in inert atmosphere to obtain the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler, so that the filler has higher porosity, larger specific surface area and stronger adsorptivity, the surface of the filler is rough, the microbial biofilm formation growth is easy, and the filler has better removal effect on nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts in water. Compared with other ecological floating bed filler substrates, the novel ecological floating bed filler prepared by the invention is compounded with active carbon components, the high specific surface area of the active carbon and the chemical groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl and the like which are abundant on the surface of the active carbon are fully utilized, and the chemical groups can be combined with organic matters such as dye molecules and the like, so that the color-developing organic matters are gathered on the surface of the active carbon, the removal effect of the solubility chromaticity formed by the organic matters such as humus, dye molecules and the like is greatly improved, and the COD of a water body is greatly reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the bentonite used in the invention is from natural ore, has wide source and low price, and expands the application of the bentonite.
(2) The excellent adsorbability of the active carbon is fully utilized, the active carbon component is compounded in the bentonite-based ecological floating bed filler, the removal of peculiar smell and solubility chromaticity of the filler to water is obviously improved, the COD of the water is reduced, the preparation process is simple, the raw material source is very wide, the price is low, and the industrial large-scale production is facilitated.
(3) The invention adopts the peanut shell powder as the pore-forming agent, thereby realizing the resource utilization of agricultural wastes.
(4) The bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared by the method has low calcining temperature, and can achieve the purposes of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared by the invention, and the particles are black or gray black.
FIG. 2 shows a commercially available shale ceramsite filler produced in Henan province, wherein the granules are gray.
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the adsorption capacity of the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared by the invention and the ammonia nitrogen adsorption capacity of the commercially available shale ceramsite filler.
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the adsorption capacity of the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared by the invention and the methylene blue adsorbed by the commercially available shale ceramsite filler.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The raw materials of the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment comprise the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 58% of bentonite, 25% of activated carbon, 8.5% of pore-forming agent and 8.5% of adhesive.
The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
a. mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive in proportion to obtain mixed powder;
b. adding a proper amount of water into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring to form pug, and aging for 12And h, extruding the pug into strips, forming the pug into sections with the diameter of 8mm, cutting the pug into small sections with the length of 5-7mm, aging the small sections for 3 hours again, drying the sections at 105 ℃, and calcining the sections for 40 minutes at 550 ℃ in an inert atmosphere to obtain the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler. The average compressive strength of the prepared filler is 61.56N, the average porosity is 56.84 percent, and the apparent density is 1.31g/cm3
Example 2
The raw materials of the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment comprise the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 54% of bentonite, 23% of activated carbon, 15.5% of pore-forming agent and 7.5% of adhesive.
The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
a. mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive in proportion to obtain mixed powder;
b. adding a proper amount of water into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring to form pug, aging for 12 hours, extruding the pug into strips, forming the pug into sections with the diameter of 8mm, cutting the sections into sections with the length of 5-7mm, aging for 3 hours again, drying at 105 ℃, and calcining for 2 hours at 500 ℃ in an inert atmosphere to obtain the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler. The average compressive strength of the prepared filler is 43.13N, the average porosity is 64.50 percent, and the apparent density is 1.14g/cm3
Example 3
The raw materials of the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment comprise the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 52% of bentonite, 22% of activated carbon, 15% of pore-forming agent and 11% of adhesive.
The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler in the embodiment is prepared by the following steps:
a. mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive in proportion to obtain mixed powder;
b. adding a proper amount of water into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring to form pug, aging for 12 hours, extruding the pug into strips, forming the pug with the section diameter of 8mm, cutting the pug into small sections with the length of 5-7mm, aging for 3 hours again, drying at 105 ℃, and then performing inert atmosphere treatment on the pugCalcining at 550 ℃ for 40 minutes to obtain the novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler. The average compressive strength of the prepared filler is 50.73N, the average porosity is 58.09 percent, and the apparent density is 1.10g/cm3
Example 4
Taking an on-sale ceramsite filler produced in Henan province as a control, and investigating the effects of the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared in comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 on the adsorption amount of ammonia nitrogen in a water body and the removal effect of solubility chromaticity of the on-sale ceramsite filler. The adsorption capacity of the filler to the methylene blue of the soluble organic dye is used as an evaluation index of the removal effect of the water solubility chromaticity, and the experimental result is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 adsorption of ammonia nitrogen and methylene blue by four fillers
Figure 897366DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
As can be seen from table 1, compared with the ceramsite filler on sale, the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared in the embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention has significantly higher adsorption capacity to the methylene blue, which proves that the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler prepared in the present invention has an effect of removing the solubility chromaticity formed by organic substances such as humus, dye molecules, etc.; meanwhile, the adsorption effect on ammonia nitrogen is obvious, and the COD of the water body can be reduced.

Claims (5)

1. The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 52-58% of bentonite, 22-25% of activated carbon, 8-15% of pore-forming agent and 7-11% of adhesive.
2. The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the pore-forming agent is peanut shell powder; the adhesive is sodium silicate.
3. The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the bentonite is natural sodium bentonite, and the particle size of the bentonite is 100-300 meshes; the particle size of the activated carbon is 100-300 meshes.
4. The novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: the peanut shell powder is obtained by drying and crushing peanut shells and sieving the peanut shells with a sieve of 80-150 meshes.
5. The method for preparing the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. mixing bentonite, activated carbon, peanut shell powder and an adhesive in proportion to obtain mixed powder;
b. adding a proper amount of water into the mixed powder, uniformly stirring to form pug, aging for 10-15 hours, extruding the pug into strips, forming, cutting the pug into sections with the section diameter of 6-10 mm, growing the sections into 5-7mm, aging for 2-5 hours again, drying at 80-130 ℃, and calcining at 500-550 ℃ for 0.5-2 hours in an inert atmosphere to obtain the novel bentonite composite activated carbon ecological floating bed filler.
CN202011072343.0A 2020-10-09 2020-10-09 Novel bentonite composite active carbon ecological floating bed filler and preparation method thereof Pending CN112390368A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114133029A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-04 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 Bacterium-rich porous denitrification filler and preparation method thereof
CN115057645A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-09-16 苏州中晟环境修复有限公司 Production process and device of composite ecological filler
CN115672284A (en) * 2022-11-03 2023-02-03 武汉航发瑞华生态科技有限公司 Magnetic composite matrix particle and preparation method and application thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1486940A (en) * 2003-08-13 2004-04-07 涉 张 Composite stuffing for sewage treating biofilm process
CN103693747A (en) * 2013-12-02 2014-04-02 河南三三农业科技有限公司 Inorganic material carrier applied to ecological floating bed
CN108017154A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-05-11 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of preparation and its application of the compounded mix biological floating bed applied to combined type triple effect
CN209113587U (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-07-16 南京水之灵环保科技有限公司 A kind of novel ecological floating bed

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1486940A (en) * 2003-08-13 2004-04-07 涉 张 Composite stuffing for sewage treating biofilm process
CN103693747A (en) * 2013-12-02 2014-04-02 河南三三农业科技有限公司 Inorganic material carrier applied to ecological floating bed
CN108017154A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-05-11 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 A kind of preparation and its application of the compounded mix biological floating bed applied to combined type triple effect
CN209113587U (en) * 2018-03-05 2019-07-16 南京水之灵环保科技有限公司 A kind of novel ecological floating bed

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114133029A (en) * 2021-12-13 2022-03-04 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 Bacterium-rich porous denitrification filler and preparation method thereof
CN114133029B (en) * 2021-12-13 2024-01-05 北京桑德环境工程有限公司 Fungus-rich porous denitrification filler and preparation method thereof
CN115057645A (en) * 2022-06-09 2022-09-16 苏州中晟环境修复有限公司 Production process and device of composite ecological filler
CN115672284A (en) * 2022-11-03 2023-02-03 武汉航发瑞华生态科技有限公司 Magnetic composite matrix particle and preparation method and application thereof

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Application publication date: 20210223