CN112386508A - 一种高效去屑止痒洗发水及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种高效去屑止痒洗发水及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112386508A CN112386508A CN201910753996.6A CN201910753996A CN112386508A CN 112386508 A CN112386508 A CN 112386508A CN 201910753996 A CN201910753996 A CN 201910753996A CN 112386508 A CN112386508 A CN 112386508A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高效去屑止痒洗发水及其制备方法。用酮康唑片及柠檬酸与海带为原料,经水热法一步分别合成酮康唑碳点及海带碳点,将合成碳点与植物精油复配为新型抗真菌剂,用于去屑止痒洗发水制备。在洗发水中该抗真菌剂对马拉色菌有非常优异的抗菌性,其抗菌效果优于阳性对照药酮康唑,且无抗药性,制备的洗发水有明显去屑止痒效果。该抗真菌剂合成原料易得、合成方法简单、安全有效,为一全新抗真菌剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于日用化妆品加工技术领域,具体是涉及一种高效去屑止痒洗发水及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着生活质量的逐步提高,头屑问题已逐渐引起人们的普遍关注。头皮屑在全球范围内是一个非常普遍的头皮问题。马拉色菌的过度增殖是导致头皮屑的重要原因,洗发产品中常用的化学去屑剂多为广谱抗菌剂。《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015 年版)中明确规定了水杨酸、吡硫翁锌、氯咪巴唑和吡罗克酮乙醇胺盐 4 种物质为限用成分,含量不得超过最大允许添加量;酮康唑为广谱抗真菌药物,对皮肤癣、念珠菌及隐球菌均具有抑制和杀菌作用,可以缓解由花斑癣、脂溢性皮炎和头皮糠疹(头皮屑)引起的脱屑与瘙痒,具有去屑止痒的效果。一些中草药虽然含有抑制马拉色菌的抑菌成分,能抑制马拉色菌的增殖,具有缓解因外部化学物质引起的刺激、过敏等症,但也存在效果有限及添加量大的困境。
碳点(Carbon dots)是一种新型纳米尺寸碳材料,由于具有独特的好的生物相容性、水容性、低毒性、光学稳定性、表面丰富的基团,包括羧基、羟基、氨基等受到极大关注。以碳点作为新型抗菌剂成为研究热点,目前研究主要涉及用单一碳点对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌及白念珠真菌抑菌性能,也有用药与碳点偶联形成新型抗菌剂的报道。但发明人研究发现,单一碳点对细菌的抑制有限,且对真菌中马拉色菌几乎没有效果,这可能与靶细胞细胞膜上存在阻碍抑菌物质作用的位点有关。
本发明用酮康唑片与柠檬酸及海带为原料,经水热法一步分别合成酮康唑碳点及海带碳点,将合成碳点与植物精油复配为新型抗真菌剂,用于去屑止痒洗发水制备。在洗发水中该抗真菌剂对马拉色菌有非常优异的抗菌性,其抗菌效果优于阳性对照药,且无抗药性,制备的洗发水有明显去屑止痒效果。该抗真菌剂合成原料易得、合成方法简单、安全有效,为一全新抗真菌剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种新型抗真菌剂及用于去屑止痒洗发水的制备,该新型抗真菌剂克服现有抗真菌剂抗药性、刺激性、损伤皮肤的表层膜及头发的毛鳞片的不足,显著提高抗真菌剂的安全性、有效性及抗药性。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现。
除非另有说明,本发明所采用的百分数均为重量百分数。
一种高效去屑止痒洗发水,其特征在于:由下述重量份的原料制成:
阴离子表面活性剂15~25份,非离子表面活性剂10~15份,两性离子表面活性剂3~8份,调理剂3~8份,抗真菌剂1~5份,氯化钠0.5~2份,EDTA 0.1~0.5份,多元醇3~8份,柠檬酸0.1~0.5份,防腐剂0.01~0.05份,香精 0.01~0.05份,去离子水40~80份;
所述的阴离子表面活性剂为月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵、月桂基葡糖苷羧酸钠、月桂酰谷氨酸钠和月桂酰肌氨酸钠中一种或几种;
所述的非离子表面活性剂为烷基糖苷、椰油基葡萄糖酰胺、椰油基葡糖苷和月桂基葡糖苷中一种或几种;
所述的两性离子表面活性剂为椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、十二烷基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱中一种或几种;
所述的调理剂为二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、季铵化水解角蛋白、聚季铵盐-42、季铵化羟丙基瓜尔胶和聚二甲基硅氧烷醇中一种或几种;
所述的多元醇为丙二醇、丙三醇及肌醇中一种或几种;
所述的防腐剂为凯松、尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯中一种。
所述的抗真菌剂,其特征在于:由下述重量份的原料制成:酮康唑碳点20~50份,海带碳点30~50份,植物精油1~5份,表面活性剂1~5份,抗氧化剂0.1~0.5份,去离子水10~20份;将各原料搅拌或超声混合均匀得到产品;
所述的酮康唑碳点,按下述方法制成:称取0.4-0.6份研磨细的酮康唑片粉末与0.2-0.4份柠檬酸混合均匀,加入到100 份超纯水中,超声10-20min,并转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜,于200℃加热6-10 h,自然冷却后,12000 rpm 离心15 min,再用孔径为0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到酮康唑碳点;
所述的海带碳点,按下述方法制成:取10~15 份海带与100~150 份去离子水混合,泡发溶胀后打浆;取浆液置于聚四氟乙烯内衬水热反应釜中,180℃恒温加热6-8 h,反应完成后自然冷却至室温;将所得溶液过0.22μm滤膜以除去大颗粒杂质,再经10000rpm高速离心15-30min,得到海带碳点;
所述的植物精油为迷迭香精油、肉桂精油、丁香精油、桃油、牛至精油、留兰香精油中一种或几种;
所述的表面活性剂为吐温-60、吐温-80、司盘-80中一种;
所述的抗氧化剂为BHT、BHA及TBHQ中一种。
所述的高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将EDTA、调理剂、多元醇加入去离子水中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70~75℃,设定搅拌速度1000~1500r/min,依次加入阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂及两性离子表面活性剂,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌20~40min;
(3)降温至50~40℃,设定搅拌速度800~1000r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂、氯化钠、柠檬酸、防腐剂及香精,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明首次将植物精油与混合碳点结合为用于马拉色菌新型抗真菌剂。植物精油由多种化合物组成,对微生物多作用位点,虽然已知能够抑制真菌和病原菌的生长,但对马拉色菌抑菌的效果并不十分理想,除了现在报道的茶树油等少数精油外。碳点表面富含羟基、羧基和胺基等官能团,使其具有单分散性强,溶解度高等特点。碳点能通过扩散作用破坏细菌细胞壁,结合细菌或真菌的DNA和RNA,阻止重要基因表达,从而达到杀菌作用。将混合碳点与植物精油结合,能够增强对细胞的渗透作用,实现协同抑菌、杀菌及抑制酶活特性等技术效果,对马拉色菌表现出极优异的抗菌效果,比现有的抗马拉色菌的药物的抑菌效果还优越。
2、本发明的抗真菌剂具有冷、热、光稳定性,4℃贮存1年都表现出较好的抗真菌活性,用于洗发水,与其他原料有很好的相容性。
3、本发明中涉及的碳点制备原料之一酮康唑,本身就是一种抗真菌剂,但以此制备为碳点后与另一碳点混合的新型抗真菌剂不仅其抗菌活性高于酮康唑,且有更好的耐药性。
4、本发明制备工艺简单、抗菌效果优异,用于洗发水的抗真菌剂,具有好的去屑止痒效果。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明作进一步地详细说明,但实施例并不是对本发明技术方案的限定,所有基于本发明教导所作出的变化或等同替换均应属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1:
1、酮康唑碳点的制备:称取0.4-0.6份研磨细的酮康唑片粉末与0.2-0.4份柠檬酸混合均匀,加入到100 份超纯水中,超声10-20min,并转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜,于200℃加热6-10 h,自然冷却后,12000 rpm 离心15 min,再用孔径为0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到酮康唑碳点。
2、海带碳点的制备:取10~15 份海带与100~150 份去离子水混合,泡发溶胀后打浆;取浆液置于聚四氟乙烯内衬水热反应釜中,180℃恒温加热6-8 h,反应完成后自然冷却至室温;将所得溶液过0.22μm滤膜以除去大颗粒杂质,再经10000rpm高速离心15-30min,得到海带碳点。
3、抗真菌剂的制备:将酮康唑碳点20份,海带碳点50份,迷迭香精油1份,肉桂精油1份,吐温-60 5份,BHT 0.1份,去离子水28份搅拌混合均匀得到产品。
4、高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法:
(1)将EDTA 0.1g、二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵3g、季铵化羟丙基瓜尔胶2g、丙二醇2g、丙三醇2g加入去离子水80g中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70℃,设定搅拌速度1000 r/min,依次加入月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵10g、月桂酰肌氨酸钠10g、烷基糖苷15g、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱3g,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌40min;
(3)降温至50℃,设定搅拌速度800 r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂2g、氯化钠2g、柠檬酸0.2g、凯松0.01g及香精0.01g,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
实施例2:
1、酮康唑碳点的制备:同实施例1
2、海带碳点的制备:同实施例1
3、抗真菌剂的制备:将酮康唑碳点30份,海带碳点40份,丁香精油1份,留兰香精油2份,司盘-80 1份,TBHQ 0.5份,去离子水26份搅拌混合均匀得到产品。
4、高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法:
(1)将EDTA 0.2g、季铵化水解角蛋白1g、聚季铵盐-42 3g、丙三醇5g加入去离子水50g中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70℃,设定搅拌速度1000 r/min,依次加入月桂酰谷氨酸钠10g、月桂酰肌氨酸钠15 g、椰油基葡糖5g、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱8g,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌40min;
(3)降温至50℃,设定搅拌速度800 r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂1g、氯化钠0.5g、柠檬酸0.1g、凯松0.02g及香精0.02g,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
实施例3:
1、酮康唑碳点的制备:同实施例1
2、海带碳点的制备:同实施例1
3、抗真菌剂的制备:将酮康唑碳点40份,海带碳点30份,迷迭香精油1份,牛至精油2份,吐温-80 2份,TBHQ 0.4份,去离子水25份搅拌混合均匀得到产品。
4、高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法:
(1)将EDTA 0.3g、二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵4g、聚季铵盐-42 4g、丙二醇2g、丙三醇2g加入去离子水60g中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70℃,设定搅拌速度1000 r/min,依次加入月桂基葡糖苷羧酸钠5g、月桂酰谷氨酸钠10g、烷基糖苷10g、月桂基葡糖苷5g、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱3g、十二烷基甜菜碱3g,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌40min;
(3)降温至50℃,设定搅拌速度800 r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂2g、氯化钠1g、柠檬酸0.3g、尼泊金甲酯0.03g及香精0.03g,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
实施例4:
1、酮康唑碳点的制备:同实施例1
2、海带碳点的制备:同实施例1
3、抗真菌剂的制备:将酮康唑碳点45份,海带碳点35份,桃油5份,司盘-80 4份,BHA0.3份,去离子水10份搅拌混合均匀得到产品。
4、高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法:
(1)将EDTA 0.4g、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇5g、季铵化水解角蛋白2g、肌醇2g、丙三醇5g加入去离子水70g中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70℃,设定搅拌速度1000 r/min,依次加入月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵10g、月桂酰肌氨酸钠10g、烷基糖苷15g、椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱3g,月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱3g,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌40min;
(3)降温至50℃,设定搅拌速度800 r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂2g、氯化钠1.5g、柠檬酸0.4g、尼泊金乙酯0.04g及香精0.04g,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
实施例5:
1、酮康唑碳点的制备:同实施例1
2、海带碳点的制备:同实施例1
3、抗真菌剂的制备:将酮康唑碳点35份,海带碳点45份,肉桂精油2份,丁香精油2份,吐温-80 4份,BHA 0.3份,去离子水12份搅拌混合均匀得到产品。
4、高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法:
(1)将EDTA 0.5g、聚二甲基硅氧烷醇3g、季铵化羟丙基瓜尔胶1g、丙二醇6g、肌醇1g加入去离子水60g中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70℃,设定搅拌速度1000 r/min,依次加入月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵10g、月桂酰肌氨酸钠10g、烷基糖苷15g、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱8g,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌40min;
(3)降温至50℃,设定搅拌速度800 r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂2g、氯化钠2g、柠檬酸0.5g、尼泊金乙酯0.05g及香精0.05g,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
产品稳定性及抗菌性能测试
将实施例1-5制备的抗真菌剂进行稳定性测试,按照 2015 年版《消毒技术规范》中最小抑菌浓度测定试验(琼脂稀释法)来评价样品的抗菌效果,结果见表1及表2;高效去屑止痒洗发水通过 QB/T 2738-2012 日化产品抗菌抑菌效果评价方法来测试抗菌剂在洗发水中的抑菌效果,抑菌环试验按照卫生部《化妆品卫生规范》(2007 年版),毛培坤编著的化妆品功能性评价和分析方法[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,1998. 结果见表3。
表1 抗真菌剂进行稳定性测试结果
考察指标 | 要求 | 样品考察结果 |
外观性状 | 淡黄色均匀的乳液 | 淡黄色均匀的乳液 |
耐盐稳定性 | 在NaCl含量为 2 mol L<sup>−1</sup>,产品不分层,产品均匀 | 在NaCl含量为 2 mol L<sup>−1</sup>,产品不分层,均匀 |
耐光稳定性 | 产品在可见光照射24h,不变色,不分层,产品均匀 | 产品在可见光照射24h,不变色,不分层,产品均匀 |
贮存稳定性 | 4℃贮存1年,不变色,不分层,产品均匀 | 4℃贮存1年,不变色,不分层,产品均匀 |
耐热稳定性 | 50℃恒温放置24h,微乳液应均匀无分层或沉淀现象 | 无分层或沉淀现象 |
耐寒稳定性 | -4℃恒温放置24 h,微乳液应均匀无分层或沉淀现象 | 无分层或沉淀现象 |
表2抗真菌剂对糠秕马拉色菌最小抑菌(MIC)、杀菌浓度(MBC)
测试结果
实施例 | MIC (mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>) | MBC (mg∙kg<sup>-1</sup>) |
1 | 0.089 ± 0.004 | 0.156 ± 0.011 |
2 | 0.090 ± 0.010 | 0.170 ± 0.012 |
3 | 0.078 ± 0.005 | 0.183 ± 0.015 |
4 | 0.081 ± 0.007 | 0.197 ± 0.010 |
5 | 0.069 ± 0.004 | 0.167 ± 0.011 |
酮康唑 | 0.198 ± 0.034 | 0.351 ± 0.078 |
表3 抗菌洗发水对糠秕马拉色菌抑菌环及抑菌率测试结果
实施例 | 抑菌圈直径/mm | 去屑止痒效果 | 抑菌率 (%) |
1 | 35.12 | 明显 | 98.45 |
2 | 36.11 | 明显 | 99.01 |
3 | 34.21 | 明显 | 99.24 |
4 | 35.90 | 明显 | 98.78 |
5 | 36.31 | 明显 | 99.07 |
某品牌去屑洗发水 | 20.24 | 不明显 | 55.12 |
通过以上实验可知,本发明的抗真菌剂有很好的耐盐、耐光、耐热、耐寒及贮存稳定性,该抗真菌剂对糠秕马拉色菌有低的最小抑菌(MIC)及杀菌浓度(MBC),比阳性对照药酮康唑有更好的效果。以此为抗菌剂制备的洗发水对糠秕马拉色菌的抑菌率达达99%,同时有更大的抑菌环,能显著抑制糠秕马拉色菌,与市场上购买的某品牌去屑洗发水有更佳去屑效果。
Claims (3)
1.一种高效去屑止痒洗发水,其特征在于:由下述重量份的原料制成:阴离子表面活性剂15~25份,非离子表面活性剂10~15份,两性离子表面活性剂3~8份,调理剂3~8份,抗真菌剂1~5份,氯化钠0.5~2份,EDTA 0.1~0.5份,多元醇3~8份,柠檬酸0.1~0.5份,防腐剂0.01~0.05份,香精 0.01~0.05份,去离子水40~80份;所述的阴离子表面活性剂为月桂醇聚醚硫酸酯铵、月桂基葡糖苷羧酸钠、月桂酰谷氨酸钠月桂酰肌氨酸钠中一种或几种;所述的非离子表面活性剂为烷基糖苷、椰油基葡萄糖酰胺、椰油基葡糖苷和月桂基葡糖苷中一种或几种;所述的两性离子表面活性剂为椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱、十二烷基甜菜碱、月桂酰胺基丙基甜菜碱中一种或几种;所述的调理剂为二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、季铵化水解角蛋白、聚季铵盐-42、季铵化羟丙基瓜尔胶和聚二甲基硅氧烷醇中一种或几种;所述的多元醇为丙二醇、丙三醇及肌醇中一种或几种;所述的防腐剂为凯松、尼泊金甲酯、尼泊金乙酯中一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗真菌剂,其特征在于:由下述重量份的原料制成:酮康唑碳点20~50份,海带碳点30~50份,植物精油1~5份,表面活性剂1~5份,抗氧化剂0.1~0.5份,去离子水10~20份;将各原料搅拌或超声混合均匀得到产品;所述的酮康唑碳点,按下述方法制成:称取0.4-0.6份研磨细的酮康唑片粉末与0.2-0.4份柠檬酸混合均匀,加入到100 份超纯水中,超声10-20min,并转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜,于200℃加热6-10 h,自然冷却后,12000 rpm 离心15 min,再用孔径为0.22μm滤膜过滤,得到水溶性碳点;所述的海带碳点,按下述方法制成:取10~15 份海带与100~150 份去离子水混合,泡发溶胀后打浆;取浆液置于聚四氟乙烯内衬水热反应釜中,180℃恒温加热6-8 h,反应完成后自然冷却至室温;将所得溶液过0.22μm滤膜以除去大颗粒杂质,再经10000rpm高速离心15-30min,得到海带碳点;所述的植物精油为迷迭香精油、肉桂精油、丁香精油、桃油、牛至精油、留兰香精油中一种或几种;所述的表面活性剂为吐温-60、吐温-80、司盘-80中一种;所述的抗氧化剂为BHT、BHA及TBHQ中一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的高效去屑止痒洗发水制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将EDTA、调理剂、多元醇加入去离子水中,常温下搅拌溶解;
(2)升温至至70~75℃,设定搅拌速度1000~1500r/min,依次加入阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂及两性离子表面活性剂,搅拌至溶解,恒温搅拌20~40min;
(3)降温至50~40℃,设定搅拌速度800~1000r/min,依次加入抗真菌剂、氯化钠、柠檬酸、防腐剂及香精,搅拌10~20min,降至室温,放置18~24 h,即得产品。
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