CN112385595A - Overwintering farm for Nibea japonica - Google Patents

Overwintering farm for Nibea japonica Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112385595A
CN112385595A CN202011295007.2A CN202011295007A CN112385595A CN 112385595 A CN112385595 A CN 112385595A CN 202011295007 A CN202011295007 A CN 202011295007A CN 112385595 A CN112385595 A CN 112385595A
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China
Prior art keywords
floating
vertical
indoor
overwintering
net cage
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CN202011295007.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112385595B (en
Inventor
柴学军
王跃斌
阮泽超
张鼎元
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an overwintering farm for Nibea japonica, and aims to provide the overwintering farm for Nibea japonica, which can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, the indoor Nibea japonica culture pond needs to frequently remove sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond, the energy consumption of a heating device of the indoor culture pond is increased, and the water temperature of the indoor culture pond is easy to fluctuate. It comprises an indoor culture pond; the net cage floating frame floats on the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the net cage floating frame comprises a plurality of rows of sequential transverse floating rows and a plurality of longitudinal connecting rods which connect the transverse floating rows into a whole, the indoor culture pond between two rows of transverse floating rows which are randomly and adjacently distributed forms an indoor culture area, and a plurality of culture net cages which are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the transverse floating rows are arranged in each indoor culture area; a blowdown line; a gas supply duct assembly; and the floating type isolation and sewage discharge devices correspond to the culture net cages one to one.

Description

Overwintering farm for Nibea japonica
Technical Field
The invention relates to a culture device for Nibea japonica, in particular to an overwintering culture farm for Nibea japonica.
Background
Nibea japonica is a fish of genus Nibea of family Boletidae, and is a carnivorous fish, and is suitable for living water at 6-32 deg.C, and wild Nibea japonica is transplanted into deep water overwintering field at low water temperature stage; the artificially cultured Nibea japonica is generally moved into an indoor culture pond in winter, and a heating device is generally arranged in the indoor culture pond to ensure the water temperature of the indoor culture pond.
Since the Nibea japonica is carnivorous fish, sundries such as dead fish with residual bait are easily gathered at the bottom of the indoor culture pond, and therefore the sundries such as the dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond need to be removed frequently to ensure fresh water quality. In the process of removing sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond, a part of pond water in the indoor culture pond is discharged along with the sundries, and the sundries such as the dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond need to be supplied to the indoor culture pond; the water temperature in the indoor culture pond is maintained by heating through the heating device, so that sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond and the like are often removed, the energy consumption of the heating device of the indoor culture pond is increased, the water temperature in the indoor culture pond is easy to fluctuate, and the overwintering survival rate of the Japanese spotted maigre is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a overwintering farm for Japanese spotted maigre, which can effectively solve the problems that in the prior art, an indoor Japanese spotted maigre culture pond needs to frequently remove sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond, the operation is inconvenient, the energy consumption of a heating device of the indoor culture pond is increased, the water temperature of the indoor culture pond is easy to fluctuate, and the overwintering survival rate of the Japanese spotted maigre is influenced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an overwintering farm of Nibea japonica comprising:
an indoor culture pond;
the net cage floating frame floats on the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the net cage floating frame comprises a plurality of rows of sequential transverse floating rows and a plurality of longitudinal connecting rods which connect the transverse floating rows into a whole, the indoor culture pond between two rows of transverse floating rows which are randomly and adjacently distributed forms an indoor culture area, and a plurality of culture net cages which are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the transverse floating rows are arranged in each indoor culture area;
the sewage discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the indoor culture pond;
the gas supply pipeline assembly comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines communicated with the main pipeline, the branch pipelines are fixed on the net cage floating frame, the branch pipelines are provided with first switch valves, the first switch valves are close to the main pipeline, and the branch pipelines are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating raft;
and the floating type isolation and sewage discharge devices correspond to the culture net cages one to one.
The floating isolation and blowdown device includes:
the fixed taper sleeves are positioned below the corresponding aquaculture net cages, the inner diameters of the fixed taper sleeves are gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper edges of the fixed taper sleeves extend upwards to form vertical guide sleeves, the lower ends of the fixed taper sleeves are connected with a sewage discharge pipeline through vertical valve sleeves, and valve sleeve connectors are arranged on the upper portions of the side walls of the vertical valve sleeves;
one end of each circulating pipeline is connected with the corresponding valve sleeve connector, the other end of each circulating pipeline extends into the corresponding aquaculture net cage, and a water pump is further arranged on each circulating pipeline;
the piston assembly comprises an upper piston and a lower piston which are arranged in corresponding vertical valve sleeves in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod for connecting the upper piston and the lower piston, a vertical lifting rod which is coaxial with the vertical valve sleeves and a horizontal supporting rod which is positioned above the corresponding aquaculture net cage, wherein the lower end of the vertical lifting rod is connected with the upper piston, the upper end of the vertical lifting rod penetrates through the corresponding aquaculture net cage and is connected with the horizontal supporting rod, and two ends of the horizontal supporting rod are provided with vertical push rods which extend downwards;
the floating spacer bush is sleeved on the vertical guide bush and can move up and down along the vertical guide bush, an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block are arranged on the inner wall of the floating spacer bush, the upper limiting block is close to the upper end of the floating spacer bush, and the lower limiting block is close to the lower end of the floating spacer bush; and
the air bag is connected with the floating spacer sleeve and is connected with the branch pipeline through a connecting hose;
when the floating spacer bush is supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide sleeve through the upper limiting block, the upper end surface of the floating spacer bush is close to the bottom surface of the aquaculture net cage, the horizontal support rod is supported on the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the upper piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface, and the lower piston is positioned in the sewage discharge pipeline below the vertical valve sleeve;
after the air bag is inflated and expanded, the floating spacer bush moves upwards along the vertical guide sleeve under the buoyancy action of the air bag until the lower limiting block abuts against the lower end of the vertical guide sleeve, at the moment, the upper end face of the floating spacer bush is positioned above the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the culture net box is positioned in the floating spacer bush, the floating spacer bush jacks up the horizontal support rod through the vertical ejector rod, the upper piston is positioned in the fixed cone above the valve sleeve connector, and the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve connector.
The overwintering culture of the nibea japonica is carried out by utilizing the overwintering culture farm of the nibea japonica, so that the feed rate of the bait can be effectively improved in the process of feeding the bait, the residual bait amount is greatly reduced, and a small amount of residual bait sinks onto the upper end surface of the lower piston; meanwhile, the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface, so that the situation that water in the culture pond flows into a sewage discharge pipeline in the bait feeding process can be avoided; after the bait feeding is finished, water in the indoor culture pond can smoothly enter the culture net cage, and the circulation of the water in the culture net cage is ensured; meanwhile, water in the culture pond is prevented from flowing into the sewage discharge pipeline, and bait on the upper end surface of the lower piston enters the sewage discharge pipeline and is discharged through the sewage discharge pipeline, so that the automatic discharge of the bait is realized; therefore, when the overwintering culture field of the spotted maigre adopts the scheme to carry out the overwintering culture process of the spotted maigre, dead fish with residual bait cannot gather at the bottom of the indoor culture pond, and the fresh water quality of the indoor culture pond can be ensured for a long time, so that the problems that the indoor culture pond of the spotted maigre in the prior art needs to frequently remove sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond, the operation is inconvenient, the energy consumption of a heating device of the indoor culture pond can be increased, the water temperature of the indoor culture pond is easy to fluctuate, and the overwintering survival rate of the spotted maigre is influenced can be effectively solved.
Preferably, the air bag is an annular air bag which is sleeved on the outer side of the floating spacer sleeve.
Preferably, the airbag is connected with the floating spacer through a connecting rope.
Preferably, the circulating pipeline sequentially penetrates through the side wall of the fixed taper sleeve and the bottom wall of the aquaculture net cage.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the sewage conduit is larger than the inner diameter of the vertical valve sleeve.
Preferably, the branch pipelines correspond to the indoor culture areas one by one, and floating isolated connecting hoses in the same indoor culture area are connected with the corresponding branch pipelines.
Preferably, each branch pipeline is also provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is close to the main pipeline, and the exhaust port is provided with a second switch valve.
Preferably, the aquaculture net cage is connected with the transverse floating raft through a connecting rope.
Preferably, a flat plate is laid on the transverse floating row to form a transverse walkway.
Preferably, the upper end of the aquaculture net cage is open, and the upper end of the aquaculture net cage is located above the water surface.
Preferably, the aquaculture net cages in the indoor aquaculture areas are sequentially distributed at equal intervals along the length direction of the transverse floating raft.
Preferably, the sewage pipes comprise a main sewage pipe and a plurality of branch sewage pipes, the branch sewage pipes correspond to the indoor culture areas one to one, the branch sewage pipes are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating drainage, one end of each branch sewage pipe is communicated with the main sewage pipe, the other end of each branch sewage pipe extends to the outside of the indoor culture pond, and floating type isolation in the same indoor culture area is connected with the corresponding branch sewage pipe through a vertical valve sleeve of the sewage discharge device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: can effectively solve the problem that the indoor culture pond for the Japanese spotted maigre in the prior art needs to often clear up sundries such as dead fish of residual bait at the bottom of the pond, is inconvenient to operate, can increase the energy consumption of a heating device of the indoor culture pond, and easily causes the fluctuation of the water temperature of the indoor culture pond, thereby influencing the overwintering survival rate of the Japanese spotted maigre.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a partial structure of an overwintering farm for Japanese spotted maigre according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the floating type isolation and sewage draining device of the overwintering farm of the nibea japonica of the invention when the upper limiting block of the floating spacer is supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide sleeve.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the floating type isolation and sewage draining device of the overwintering farm of Nibea japonica of the present invention when the lower limit of the floating spacer abuts against the lower end of the vertical guide sleeve.
In the figure:
an indoor culture pond 1 a;
a net cage floating frame 2a and a transverse floating raft 2 a.1;
an indoor culture area 3 a;
a main pipeline 4a.1, a branch pipeline 4a.2, a first switch valve 4a.3, an exhaust port 4a.4 and a second switch valve 4 a.5;
a culture net cage 5a and a vertical guide sleeve 5 a.1;
a branch sewage draining pipe 6 a;
a fixed taper sleeve 1 and a valve sleeve interface 1.1;
a vertical guide sleeve 2;
a vertical valve housing 3;
a circulating pipeline 4 and a water pump 4.1;
an upper piston 5.1, a lower piston 5.2, a vertical lifting rod 5.3, a horizontal supporting rod 5.4, a vertical ejector rod 5.5 and a flat plate 5.6;
a floating spacer bush 6, an upper limit block 6.1 and a lower limit block 6.2;
an air bag 7 and an air charging and discharging pipe 7.1.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention are clearly explained and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the implementation, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present scheme, and are not construed as limiting the scheme of the present invention.
These and other aspects of embodiments of the invention will be apparent with reference to the following description and attached drawings. In the description and drawings, particular embodiments of the invention have been disclosed in detail as being indicative of some of the ways in which the principles of the embodiments of the invention may be practiced, but it is understood that the scope of the embodiments of the invention is not limited thereby. On the contrary, the embodiments of the invention include all changes, modifications and equivalents coming within the spirit and terms of the claims appended hereto.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., and "several" means one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 and 2, an overwintering farm for japanese nibea albiflora comprises an indoor culture pond 1a, a net cage floating frame 2a, a sewage discharge pipeline, an air supply pipeline assembly and a plurality of floating type isolation and sewage discharge devices.
The net cage floating frame 2a floats on the water surface of the indoor culture pond. The net cage floating frame comprises a plurality of rows of transverse floating rows 2a.1 and a plurality of longitudinal connecting rods which connect the transverse floating rows into a whole. In this embodiment, a flat plate is laid on the transverse floating mat to form a transverse walkway. The indoor culture pond between two rows of transverse floating rows which are randomly and adjacently distributed forms an indoor culture area 3 a. A plurality of culture net cages 5a are arranged in each indoor culture area and distributed in sequence along the length direction of the transverse floating row, and specifically, the culture net cages in each indoor culture area are distributed in sequence at equal intervals along the length direction of the transverse floating row. The aquaculture net cage is connected with the transverse floating raft through a connecting rope. The upper end opening of aquaculture net case, and aquaculture net case's upper end opening is located the surface of water top. The middle part of the bottom wall of each aquaculture net cage is provided with a vertical guide sleeve 5a.1
Blow-off pipe lays at the bottom of the pool in indoor culture pond, and in this embodiment, blow-off pipe includes main blow-off pipe and a plurality of branch road blow-off pipe 6a, and external water source is connected to the one end of main blow-off pipe. The branch blow-off pipes are in one-to-one correspondence with the indoor culture areas, and are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating drain. One end of the branch sewage draining pipe is communicated with the main sewage draining pipe, and the other end of the branch sewage draining pipe extends to the outside of the indoor culture pond.
The gas supply pipeline assembly comprises a main pipeline 4a.1 and a plurality of branch pipelines 4a.2 communicated with the main pipeline, the branch pipelines are fixed on the net cage floating frame, the branch pipelines are provided with first switch valves 4a.3, and the first switch valves are close to the main pipeline. The branch pipelines are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating row. In this embodiment, the branch pipelines correspond to the indoor culture areas one to one. Each branch pipeline is also provided with an exhaust port 4a.4 which is close to the main pipeline, and the exhaust port is provided with a second switch valve 4 a.5.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the floating type isolation and sewage discharge device corresponds to the culture net cages one by one. The floating type isolation and pollution discharge device comprises a fixed taper sleeve 1, a circulating pipeline 4, a piston assembly, a floating spacer bush 6 and an air bag 7.
The fixed taper sleeve 1 is positioned below the corresponding aquaculture net cage. The inner diameter of the fixed taper sleeve is gradually reduced from top to bottom. The upper edge of the fixed taper sleeve extends upwards to form a vertical guide sleeve 2. The lower end of the aquaculture net cage is close to the upper end face of the vertical guide sleeve, in this embodiment, the lower end of the aquaculture net cage is located in the corresponding vertical guide sleeve, and of course, the lower end of the aquaculture net cage can also be located above the corresponding vertical guide sleeve. The lower end of the fixed taper sleeve is connected with a sewage discharge pipeline through a vertical valve sleeve 3, and particularly, the lower end of the vertical valve sleeve of the floating type isolation and sewage discharge device in the same indoor culture area is connected with a corresponding branch sewage discharge pipe. The upper part of the side wall of the vertical valve sleeve is provided with a valve sleeve interface 1.1. The vertical valve sleeve is coaxial with the vertical guide sleeve. The inner diameter of the branch sewage discharge pipe is larger than that of the vertical valve sleeve.
One end of the circulating pipeline 4 is connected with the corresponding valve sleeve connector, and the other end of the circulating pipeline extends into the corresponding aquaculture net cage, specifically, the other end of the circulating pipeline is positioned in the middle or the middle upper part of the corresponding aquaculture net cage. The circulating pipeline is also provided with a water pump 4.1. In this embodiment, the circulating pipeline passes through the lateral wall of the fixed taper sleeve and the corresponding bottom wall of the aquaculture net cage in sequence.
The piston assembly comprises an upper piston 5.1 and a lower piston 5.2 which are arranged in the vertical valve sleeve in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod for connecting the upper piston and the lower piston, a vertical lifting rod 5.3 which is coaxial with the vertical valve sleeve and a horizontal supporting rod 5.4 which is positioned above the aquaculture net cage. The vertical lifting rod passes through the corresponding vertical guide sleeve. The lower extreme of vertical lifter is connected with last piston, and the upper end of vertical lifter is connected with the horizontal support pole. The both ends of horizontal support pole all are equipped with vertical ejector pin 5.5 down extending, and in this embodiment, the lower extreme of vertical ejector pin is equipped with dull and stereotyped 5.6, and the dull and stereotyped lateral wall that is located the spacer that floats is directly over.
The floating spacer 6 is sleeved on the vertical guide sleeve and can move up and down along the vertical guide sleeve. The inner wall of the floating spacer bush is provided with an upper limiting block 6.1 and a lower limiting block 6.2, the upper limiting block is close to the upper end of the floating spacer bush, and the lower limiting block is close to the lower end of the floating spacer bush.
The air bag 7 is connected with the floating spacer, in the embodiment, the air bag is an annular air bag, and the annular air bag is sleeved on the outer side of the floating spacer. The air bag is connected with the floating spacer bush through the connecting rope. The air bag is connected with the branch pipelines through connecting hoses 7.1, and particularly, the connecting hoses of the floating type isolation and pollution discharge devices in the same indoor culture area are connected with the corresponding branch pipelines.
As shown in fig. 2, when the floating spacer bush is supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide sleeve through the upper limiting block, the upper end surface of the floating spacer bush is close to the bottom surface of the corresponding aquaculture net cage, the horizontal support rod is supported on the upper end of the corresponding aquaculture net cage, the upper piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve connector, and the lower piston is positioned in the sewage discharge pipeline below the vertical valve sleeve.
As shown in fig. 3, after the air bag is inflated and expanded, the floating spacer sleeve moves upwards along the vertical guide sleeve under the buoyancy action of the air bag until the lower limiting block abuts against the lower end of the vertical guide sleeve, at the moment, the upper end face of the floating spacer sleeve is positioned above the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the culture net box is positioned in the corresponding floating spacer sleeve, the floating spacer sleeve jacks up the horizontal support rod through the vertical ejector rod, the upper piston is positioned in the fixed cone above the valve sleeve interface, and the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface.
In the overwintering culture process of the nibea japonica by utilizing the overwintering culture farm of the nibea japonica of the embodiment,
when feeding baits, the baits are sequentially fed in each indoor culture area, and the feeding baits in a certain indoor culture area are taken as an example for description:
before feeding baits to the indoor culture area, opening a first switch valve on a corresponding branch pipeline (closing a second switch valve on the branch pipeline), inflating air bags of each floating type isolation and pollution discharge device of the indoor culture area through a main pipeline, the corresponding branch pipeline and each connecting hose to enable the air bags of each floating type isolation and pollution discharge device to be inflated and expanded, and then closing the first switch valve on the corresponding branch pipeline; next, a floating type isolation and sewage discharge device and a corresponding cultivation net cage in the indoor cultivation area are taken as an example for description (the action processes of each floating type isolation and sewage discharge device and the corresponding cultivation net cage in the indoor cultivation area are the same):
after the air bag of the floating type isolation and pollution discharge device is inflated and expanded, the floating spacer bush moves upwards along the vertical guide sleeve under the buoyancy action of the air bag until the lower limiting block abuts against the lower end of the vertical guide sleeve, at the moment, the upper end surface of the floating spacer bush is positioned above the water surface of the indoor culture pond, and the culture net cage is positioned in the corresponding floating spacer bush; meanwhile, the upper piston is positioned in the fixed taper sleeve above the valve sleeve interface, so that in the process of feeding baits next, residual baits can sink onto the upper end surface of the lower piston through the upper port of the vertical valve sleeve, and the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface, so that the situation that water in the culture pond flows into a sewage pipeline in the process of feeding baits can be avoided;
then, feeding baits into the culture net cage in the floating separation sleeve; in the bait feeding process, the floating spacer bush, the vertical guide bush, the fixed taper sleeve, the vertical valve sleeve and the lower piston completely isolate the aquaculture net cage, and residual baits sinking to the lower part of the aquaculture net cage are gathered in the vertical valve sleeve above the lower piston or at the bottom of the fixed taper sleeve;
after the bait feeding is finished, starting a water pump after a period of time (for example, 1-3 minutes), pumping residual bait gathered in the vertical valve sleeve above the lower piston or at the bottom of the fixed taper sleeve into the aquaculture net cage again through the valve sleeve connector and the circulating pipeline for feeding the Japanese spotted maigre in the aquaculture net cage, thereby effectively improving the feeding rate of the bait and greatly reducing the amount of the residual bait;
then, the water pump is closed, a small amount of residual bait existing in the aquaculture net cage sinks to the upper end face of the lower piston, after a period of time (for example, 10-20 minutes) elapses, after the residual bait in the aquaculture net cage completely sinks, the second switch valve on the branch pipeline is opened, gas in the air bag of the floating type isolation and pollution discharge device is discharged through the connecting hose and the exhaust port on the corresponding branch pipeline, after the gas in the air bag is discharged, the floating spacer sleeve moves downwards along the vertical guide sleeve under the action of self weight until the upper limit block abuts against the upper end of the vertical guide sleeve, at the moment, the upper end face of the floating spacer sleeve is close to the bottom face of the aquaculture net cage, so that water in the indoor aquaculture pond can smoothly enter the aquaculture net cage, and the circulation of the water in the aquaculture net cage is guaranteed; on the other hand, in the process that the floating spacer bush moves downwards along the vertical guide sleeve, the piston assembly moves downwards under the action of the dead weight until the horizontal support rod is supported at the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, when the horizontal support rod is supported at the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the upper piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve connector so as to prevent water in the aquaculture pond from flowing into the sewage discharge pipeline, and meanwhile, the lower piston is positioned in the sewage discharge pipeline below the vertical valve sleeve so as to enable bait on the upper end surface of the lower piston to enter the sewage discharge pipeline and be discharged through the sewage discharge pipeline;
in conclusion, in the bait feeding process, the feeding rate of the bait can be effectively improved, the residual bait amount is greatly reduced, and a small amount of residual bait sinks onto the upper end surface of the lower piston; meanwhile, the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface, so that the situation that water in the culture pond flows into a sewage discharge pipeline in the bait feeding process can be avoided;
when the feeding of baits is finished and the floating spacer bush is supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide sleeve through the upper limiting block, the upper end surface of the floating spacer bush is close to the bottom surface of the culture net cage, so that water in the indoor culture pond can smoothly enter the culture net cage, and the circulation of the water in the culture net cage is ensured; meanwhile, the upper piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface so as to prevent water in the culture pond from flowing into a sewage discharge pipeline; the lower piston is positioned in the sewage discharge pipeline below the vertical valve sleeve, so that the bait on the upper end surface of the lower piston enters the sewage discharge pipeline and is discharged through the sewage discharge pipeline, and the automatic discharge of the bait is realized; therefore, when the overwintering culture field of the spotted maigre adopts the scheme to carry out the overwintering culture process of the spotted maigre, dead fish with residual bait cannot gather at the bottom of the indoor culture pond, and the fresh water quality of the indoor culture pond can be ensured for a long time, so that the problems that the indoor culture pond of the spotted maigre in the prior art needs to frequently remove sundries such as dead fish with residual bait at the bottom of the pond, the operation is inconvenient, the energy consumption of a heating device of the indoor culture pond can be increased, the water temperature of the indoor culture pond is easy to fluctuate, and the overwintering survival rate of the spotted maigre is influenced can be effectively solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An overwintering farm for Nibea japonica, comprising:
an indoor culture pond;
the net cage floating frame floats on the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the net cage floating frame comprises a plurality of rows of sequential transverse floating rows and a plurality of longitudinal connecting rods which connect the transverse floating rows into a whole, the indoor culture pond between two rows of transverse floating rows which are randomly and adjacently distributed forms an indoor culture area, and a plurality of culture net cages which are sequentially distributed along the length direction of the transverse floating rows are arranged in each indoor culture area;
the sewage discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the indoor culture pond;
the gas supply pipeline assembly comprises a main pipeline and a plurality of branch pipelines communicated with the main pipeline, the branch pipelines are fixed on the net cage floating frame, the branch pipelines are provided with first switch valves, the first switch valves are close to the main pipeline, and the branch pipelines are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating raft;
and the floating type isolation and sewage discharge devices correspond to the culture net cages one to one.
2. The overwintering farm of Nibea japonica according to claim 1, wherein the floating type isolation and sewerage discharge means comprises:
the fixed taper sleeves are positioned below the corresponding aquaculture net cages, the inner diameters of the fixed taper sleeves are gradually reduced from top to bottom, the upper edges of the fixed taper sleeves extend upwards to form vertical guide sleeves, the lower ends of the fixed taper sleeves are connected with a sewage discharge pipeline through vertical valve sleeves, and valve sleeve connectors are arranged on the upper portions of the side walls of the vertical valve sleeves;
one end of each circulating pipeline is connected with the corresponding valve sleeve connector, the other end of each circulating pipeline extends into the corresponding aquaculture net cage, and a water pump is further arranged on each circulating pipeline;
the piston assembly comprises an upper piston and a lower piston which are arranged in corresponding vertical valve sleeves in a sliding manner, a piston connecting rod for connecting the upper piston and the lower piston, a vertical lifting rod which is coaxial with the vertical valve sleeves and a horizontal supporting rod which is positioned above the corresponding aquaculture net cage, wherein the lower end of the vertical lifting rod is connected with the upper piston, the upper end of the vertical lifting rod penetrates through the corresponding aquaculture net cage and is connected with the horizontal supporting rod, and two ends of the horizontal supporting rod are provided with vertical push rods which extend downwards;
the floating spacer bush is sleeved on the vertical guide bush and can move up and down along the vertical guide bush, an upper limiting block and a lower limiting block are arranged on the inner wall of the floating spacer bush, the upper limiting block is close to the upper end of the floating spacer bush, and the lower limiting block is close to the lower end of the floating spacer bush; and
the air bag is connected with the floating spacer sleeve and is connected with the branch pipeline through a connecting hose;
when the floating spacer bush is supported on the upper end surface of the vertical guide sleeve through the upper limiting block, the upper end surface of the floating spacer bush is close to the bottom surface of the aquaculture net cage, the horizontal support rod is supported on the upper end of the aquaculture net cage, the upper piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve interface, and the lower piston is positioned in the sewage discharge pipeline below the vertical valve sleeve;
after the air bag is inflated and expanded, the floating spacer bush moves upwards along the vertical guide sleeve under the buoyancy action of the air bag until the lower limiting block abuts against the lower end of the vertical guide sleeve, at the moment, the upper end face of the floating spacer bush is positioned above the water surface of the indoor culture pond, the culture net box is positioned in the floating spacer bush, the floating spacer bush jacks up the horizontal support rod through the vertical ejector rod, the upper piston is positioned in the fixed cone above the valve sleeve connector, and the lower piston is positioned in the vertical valve sleeve below the valve sleeve connector.
3. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 2, wherein the air bag is an annular air bag which is sleeved outside the floating spacer.
4. The overwintering farm for Nibea albiflora according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the branch pipes correspond to the indoor cultivation areas one to one, and the connecting hoses of the floating type isolation and sewage discharge devices in the same indoor cultivation area are connected with the corresponding branch pipes.
5. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 2 or 3, wherein each of the branch pipes is further provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust port is located close to the main pipe, and the exhaust port is provided with a second switching valve.
6. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the aquaculture net cages are connected to the transverse raft by means of connecting ropes.
7. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a flat plate is laid on the transverse banks to form a transverse walkway.
8. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the upper end of the aquaculture net cage is open, and the upper end of the aquaculture net cage is located above the water surface.
9. The overwintering farm for Nibea japonica according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the aquaculture net cages in each indoor aquaculture area are sequentially and equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the transverse floating raft.
10. The overwintering farm of Nibea japonica Thunb according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the blowdown pipes comprise a main blowdown pipe and a plurality of branch blowdown pipes, the branch blowdown pipes correspond to the indoor culture areas one to one, and are parallel to the length direction of the transverse floating drainage, one end of each branch blowdown pipe is communicated with the main blowdown pipe, the other end of each branch blowdown pipe extends to the outside of the indoor culture pond, and the vertical valve sleeves of the floating isolation and blowdown devices in the same indoor culture area are connected with the corresponding branch blowdown pipes.
CN202011295007.2A 2020-11-18 2020-11-18 Overwintering farm for Nibea japonica Active CN112385595B (en)

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