CN112382752A - High-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, preparation method, positive plate, lithium ion battery cell, lithium ion battery pack and application thereof - Google Patents
High-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, preparation method, positive plate, lithium ion battery cell, lithium ion battery pack and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006257 cathode slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PPMCFKAXXHZLMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxocan-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OCCCCCO1 PPMCFKAXXHZLMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylethyl)isoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(CCS)C(=O)C2=C1 UHOPWFKONJYLCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013098 LiBF2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013426 LiN(SO2F)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013874 LiPF2O2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006256 anode slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 6
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002153 silicon-carbon composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
- H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, a preparation method, a positive plate, a lithium ion cell, a lithium ion battery pack and application thereof. The water-based binder polyacrylic acid can provide enough carboxyl to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, so that on one hand, the continuous dissociation and side reaction of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be prevented, the increase of the pH value of the slurry can be prevented, the near-neutral state of the slurry can be maintained, on the other hand, the particles of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be mutually repelled, the stability of the slurry can be maintained, the water-based positive electrode slurry with good stability and fluidity can be obtained, and the subsequent coating process can be facilitated. The aqueous anode slurry has low cost and is environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, in particular to high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, a preparation method, a positive plate, a lithium ion battery cell, a lithium ion battery pack and application thereof.
Background
At present, new energy vehicles are gradually approved by markets and consumers, factors influencing large-scale popularization of the new energy vehicles mainly include endurance mileage, safety and cost, and the power battery occupies 30-50% of the cost of the new energy vehicles, so the cost performance of the new energy vehicles relative to fuel vehicles is directly influenced by the cost. The anode material has obvious influence on the endurance mileage, safety and cost of the power battery, and the situation that ternary lithium iron phosphate coexists appears on the anode of the power battery based on the difference between the focus point and the market group. The high nickel ternary phase has advantages over the endurance mileage of lithium iron phosphate, but the cost and safety are slightly insufficient. In order to relieve the mileage anxiety of consumers, the specific gravity of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode used in the pure electric vehicle is higher and higher, and in order to further improve the competitiveness of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode, the material cost or the battery core manufacturing cost needs to be reduced.
The preparation of the power battery electrode generally comprises two methods, namely an aqueous system and an oily system. The aqueous system adopts water as a solvent, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) as binders, the oily system adopts N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder, however, the solvent NMP of the oily system is toxic, the binder PVDF is about 10-20 times more expensive than the binder of a common aqueous negative electrode, and the oily system is coatedBaking ovens have a potential explosion risk, for which reason both academia and industry are researching lower cost and environmentally friendly aqueous positive slurry systems. The patent with the application numbers of CN201310479918.4 and CN200710181554.6 both disclose an aqueous anode slurry and a preparation method thereof, but all adopt lithium iron phosphate as anode powder, the lithium iron phosphate anode powder is not sensitive to water, the control on the fluidity and the stability of the slurry is easy to realize, the aqueous slurry adopting a high-nickel ternary anode is not reported at present, and the main challenge is that some lithium-rich alkaline inorganic compounds (such as Li) are left on the surface of the high-nickel ternary anode powder (the preparation method is characterized in that2O,LiOH,and Li2CO3) And after dissolution in water, the slurry becomes alkaline and thus corrodes the aluminum thin substrate. In order to solve the problem that the surface of the high-nickel ternary cathode powder is rich in residual lithium alkaline compounds, many research methods focus on surface modification of the high-nickel cathode, such as carbon coating and atomic layer deposition, but because the methods cannot ensure that the surface of the material is completely coated and modified, dissociation and side reactions can still occur on residual uncoated sites, and therefore the improvement strategy is ineffective.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry and a preparation method thereof to overcome the above defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry and the preparation method thereof.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a positive plate, which comprises high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry, and has the advantages of low cost, safety, environmental protection and performance equivalent to that of an oily high-nickel ternary positive electrode.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a lithium ion battery cell, which uses the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, and has the advantages of low cost, safety, environmental protection and performance equivalent to that of an oily high-nickel ternary positive electrode.
The fourth purpose of the invention is to provide a lithium ion battery pack, which uses the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, and has the advantages of low cost, safety, environmental protection and performance equivalent to that of an oily high-nickel ternary positive electrode.
The fifth purpose of the invention is to apply the lithium ion battery pack to an automobile, a motorcycle or a bicycle, wherein the lithium ion battery pack uses the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, and has the advantages of low cost, safety, environmental protection and performance equivalent to that of an oily high-nickel ternary positive electrode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry which comprises a high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, an aqueous binder polyacrylic acid, a conductive agent and solvent water.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, which comprises the following steps: stirring a first conductive agent and a high-nickel ternary positive electrode material to obtain uniformly stirred powder; and adding a water-based binder polyacrylic acid, solvent water and a second conductive agent into the powder, and stirring to obtain slurry.
Further, stirring the first conductive agent and the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material in a double-planet stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-500 rpm for 5-60 min to obtain uniformly stirred powder, preferably at the rotating speed of 250rpm, and stirring for 30 min; and adding the polyacrylic acid PAA as an aqueous binder, the solvent water and the second conductive agent into the powder, and stirring at the stirring speed of 500-5000 rpm for 5-60 min, wherein the rotation speed is preferably 2000rpm, and the stirring time is preferably 15 min.
Further, the slurry is transferred to a high-speed dispersing machine or a double-screw extruder, and the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry can be obtained after the slurry is treated by the high-speed dispersing machine or the double-screw extruder and then is subjected to defoaming, particle removal and demagnetization. The step preferably selects a high-speed dispersion machine and a double-screw extruder, so that the two devices can effectively promote residual lithium compounds on the surface of the high-nickel ternary cathode material and carboxyl groups in PAA to form more hydrogen bonds and greatly shorten the stirring time of the slurry, and further can effectively prevent the alkalinity of the slurry from increasing.
Further, transferring the slurry to a high-speed disperser or a twin-screw extruder by a screw pump; the rotating speed of the high-speed dispersion machine is 10-30 m/s, the cycle frequency is 3-12 times, and the preferred rotating speed is 20m/s and the cycle frequency is 9.
Further, the first conductive agent is acetylene black SP, the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is NCM811, and the second conductive agent is carbon nanotube CNT.
Further, the molecular weight of polyacrylic acid PAA is 2000-400000 g/mol, preferably the molecular weight of PAA is 250000; the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: NCM 81192-98.5 parts; 0.5-2 parts of SP; 0.5-3 parts of PAA; 0.5-3 parts of CNT; and 15-65 parts of water. Preferably, the NCM811: SP: PAA: CNT is 95.5:1:3:0.5, and the solid content of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is 75%.
Further, the PH of the high-nickel ternary water system cathode slurry is 9-12.
The invention also provides a positive plate, which comprises a positive current collector and a high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer, wherein the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer is formed on one surface or two surfaces of the positive current collector, and the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer is formed by drying the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry prepared by the preparation method. The positive electrode current collector may be selected from metal foils, and preferably, the positive electrode current collector is selected from aluminum foils. The thickness of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited, and preferably, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector is 0.006mm to 0.020 mm. The thickness of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry layer is not particularly limited, and preferably, the thickness of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry layer is 0.03mm to 0.15 mm. The stirred high-nickel ternary water system cathode slurry needs to be coated within a certain time, and the time is not more than 12 hours, preferably 4 hours.
The preparation of the positive plate can be prepared by a conventional method, and specifically comprises the following steps: coating the high-nickel ternary water system positive slurry on the surface of a positive current collector, and then drying to form a high-nickel ternary water system positive slurry layer on the positive current collector; and then sequentially rolling, slitting and slicing to obtain the positive plate. The temperature during dispersion is not particularly limited, and room temperature or heating can be adopted, and can be selected according to actual requirements. The high-nickel ternary water system anode slurry coated on the surface of the anode current collector can be dried by adopting a heating and blowing drying mode, wherein the drying temperature of the high-nickel ternary water system anode slurry is 80-120 ℃, the drying temperature is too low, and the curing of the high-nickel ternary water system anode slurry is insufficient; too high drying temperature affects the binder in the slurry and reduces the binding effect. The amount of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry layer formed by the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry can cover the surface of the positive electrode current collector and has a certain thickness. The coating method is not particularly limited and may be selected according to actual requirements. The preparation process of the positive plate is simple, easy to operate and suitable for large-scale production.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery cell, which comprises the positive plate, the negative plate, the isolating film and the packaging bag, wherein the isolating film is arranged between the negative plate and the positive plate, the packaging bag is made of an aluminum-plastic film composite material, and the bare battery cell made of the negative plate, the positive plate and the isolating film is arranged in the packaging bag.
The lithium ion battery cell further comprises a negative plate, and the negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative slurry layer positioned on the negative current collector. The negative current collector is a copper foil.
Further, the lithium ion battery core also comprises an electrolyte, wherein the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt and an organic solvent, and the lithium salt is selected from LiPF6、LiBF4、LiN(SO2F)2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiB(C2O4)2、LiBF2C2O4And LiPF2O2The organic solvent is one or more selected from ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, pentylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate and tetrahydrofuran.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery pack which comprises the lithium ion battery cell.
The lithium ion battery pack is also applied to automobiles, motorcycles or bicycles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry and a preparation method thereof. The water-based binder polyacrylic acid can provide enough carboxyl to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, so that on one hand, the continuous dissociation and side reaction of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be prevented, the increase of the pH value of the slurry can be prevented, the near-neutral state of the slurry can be maintained, on the other hand, the particles of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be mutually repelled, the stability of the slurry can be maintained, the water-based positive electrode slurry with good stability and fluidity can be obtained, and the subsequent coating process can be facilitated. The aqueous anode slurry has low cost and is environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the mutual repulsion between NCM811 particles that form hydrogen bonds.
Detailed Description
The "ranges" disclosed herein are in the form of lower and upper limits. There may be one or more lower limits, and one or more upper limits, respectively. The given range is defined by the selection of a lower limit and an upper limit. The selected lower and upper limits define the boundaries of the particular range. All ranges that can be defined in this manner are inclusive and combinable, i.e., any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, ranges of 60-120 and 80-110 are listed for particular parameters, with the understanding that ranges of 60-110 and 80-120 are also contemplated. Furthermore, if the minimum range values 1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values 3, 4, and 5 are listed, the following ranges are all contemplated: 1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 2-3, 2-4 and 2-5. In the present invention, all embodiments and preferred embodiments mentioned herein may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, all the technical features mentioned herein and preferred features may be combined with each other to form a new technical solution, if not specifically stated.
In the present invention, all the steps mentioned herein may be performed sequentially or randomly, if not specifically stated, but preferably sequentially.
The invention provides a lithium ion battery pack, which comprises a battery module, a circuit board, a shell and the like, wherein the battery module, the circuit board and the like are assembled in the shell to form the lithium ion battery pack, the lithium ion battery pack has various specifications, can be adjusted and designed according to needs, and is not limited in the process, and the assembly mode of the lithium ion battery pack in the prior art can be applied to the invention.
The battery module is composed of a plurality of lithium ion battery cells connected in series and in parallel, and similarly, the battery module has various specifications and can be adjusted and designed according to needs.
The lithium ion battery pack can be applied to an automobile, a motorcycle or a bicycle to provide power for the automobile, the motorcycle or the bicycle.
Various embodiments of the positive electrode slurry preparation method, the positive electrode sheet, the lithium ion cell, and the lithium ion cell of the invention are described below.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of the electrolyte
In a glove box or a drying room, Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) which are subjected to rectification dehydration treatment are mixed according to the mass ratio of EC: PC: DEC ═ 2: 3: 5 mixing and then slowly adding LiPF6And (3) adding fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) accounting for 10% of the total mass of the electrolyte to 1mol/L, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain the final electrolyte.
(2) Preparation of positive plate
a) Stirring acetylene black SP and a high-nickel ternary cathode material NCM811 for 5-60 min in a double-planet stirrer at the rotating speed of 100-500 rpm to obtain uniformly stirred powder, wherein in the embodiment, the rotating speed is 250rpm, and the stirring time is 30 min;
b) adding an aqueous binder polyacrylic acid (PAA), solvent water and Carbon Nanotube (CNT) into the powder, and stirring to obtain slurry, wherein the stirring speed is 500-5000 rpm, the stirring time is 5-60 min, the molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) is 2000-400000 g/mol, in the embodiment, the rotating speed is 2000rpm, the stirring time is 15min, and the molecular weight of the polyacrylic acid (PAA) is 250000; the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight: NCM 81192-98.5 parts; 0.5-2 parts of SP; 0.5-3 parts of PAA; 0.5-3 parts of CNT; and 15-65 parts of water. In this example, NCM811: SP: PAA: CNT 95.5:1:3:0.5, and the solid content of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry was 75%
c) And transferring the slurry to a high-speed dispersing machine or a double-screw extruder through a screw pump, and after the slurry is treated by the high-speed dispersing machine or the double-screw extruder, defoaming, removing particles and demagnetizing to obtain the high-nickel ternary water system anode slurry, wherein the rotating speed of the high-speed dispersing machine is 10-30 m/s, and the cycle time is 3-12 times. In this example, a high-speed disperser was used, the rotation speed was 20m/s, and the number of cycles was 9. By optimizing dispersing equipment and optimizing the process, a high-speed disperser or a double-screw extruder which can better promote NCM811 particles to be adsorbed by PAA on a microscale is selected, and the speed and the cycle number of the high-speed disperser are further optimized, so that the high-nickel ternary water-based positive electrode slurry with good stability and fluidity is obtained.
d) And uniformly coating the high-nickel ternary water system positive electrode slurry on two surfaces of an aluminum foil (with the thickness of 12 mu m) positive electrode current collector, and drying, cold pressing and slitting to obtain the positive electrode plate.
(3) Preparation of negative plate
Mixing the negative active material artificial graphite, the silicon-carbon composite material, conductive carbon black (super-P) serving as a conductive agent, Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) serving as a binding agent, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) according to a mass ratio of 85: 9: 1.5: 0.5: 2.2: 1.4: 0.4, adding deionized water, and stirring and mixing uniformly by a vacuum stirrer. Then, an aqueous solution of lithium nitrate was added, the mass of lithium nitrate being 0.5% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material, and the slurry was further mixed and dispersed to obtain a negative electrode slurry. And (3) uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on two surfaces of a copper foil (with the thickness of 8 mu m) negative electrode current collector, and drying, cold pressing and slitting to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
(4) Preparation of lithium ion cell
The isolation film is arranged between the positive plate and the negative plate, the square bare cell is prepared in a winding mode, the packaging bag is made of an aluminum-plastic film composite material, the bare cell is placed in the packaging bag for packaging to obtain a dry cell, and the dry cell is subjected to the procedures of baking, dewatering, liquid injection, sealing, standing, formation, degassing packaging, capacity grading and the like to obtain the lithium ion cell.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the square bare cell is prepared by winding, of course, in other embodiments, the bare cell may also be prepared by lamination, or the bare cell may also be prepared into other shapes, such as a cylinder or an ellipse, that is, the conventional preparation method of the lithium ion cell may be applied to the present invention, and is not limited herein.
The positive electrode slurry, the positive plate and the lithium ion battery cell of the embodiment 2-6 are prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1, the only difference is that the preparation method of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is different, and the difference is shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1
Comparative example 1
a) Stirring acetylene black SP and a high-nickel ternary cathode material NCM811 for 5-60 min in a double-planetary stirrer at a rotating speed of 100-500 rpm to obtain uniformly stirred powder, wherein the rotating speed is 250rpm and the stirring time is 30min in the embodiment
b) Adding an oily binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a solvent NMP and carbon nanotube CNT (carbon nano tube) into the powder, and stirring to obtain slurry, wherein the stirring speed is 500-5000 rpm, the stirring time is 5-60 min, the polyvinylidene fluoride is commercial Suwei 5130, in the embodiment, the rotating speed is 2000rpm, and the stirring time is 15 min; in the comparative example, the NCM811: SP: PVDF: CNT is 96.8:1.5:1.2:0.5 by weight, and the solid content of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is 78%.
c) Otherwise the same as example 1
Comparative example 2
a) Stirring acetylene black SP and a high-nickel ternary cathode material NCM811 for 5-60 min in a double-planetary stirrer at a rotating speed of 100-500 rpm to obtain uniformly stirred powder, wherein the rotating speed is 250rpm and the stirring time is 30min in the embodiment
b) Adding an aqueous binder Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), solvent water and Carbon Nanotube (CNT) into the powder, and stirring to obtain slurry, wherein the stirring speed is 500-5000 rpm, the stirring time is 5-60 min, in the comparative example, the rotating speed is 2000rpm, the stirring time is 15min, and the molecular weight of the Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) is 150000; in the comparative example, the NCM811: SP: PAN: CNT is 95.5:1:3:0.5 by weight, and the solid content of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is 78%.
c) Otherwise the same as example 1
And (3) testing the performance of the lithium ion battery cell:
(1) cycle performance test
In a thermostat at 25 ℃, the lithium ion cells obtained in the above examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were charged to 4.3V at a constant current of 1C, then charged to a current of 0.05C at a constant voltage, and then discharged to 2.5V at a constant current of 1C, so that charge/discharge cycles were performed, and the capacity retention rate was obtained after 200 cycles of the battery.
The lithium ion cell 200-cycle capacity retention ratio (%) (200-cycle discharge capacity/1-cycle discharge capacity × 100%
The performance test data of the lithium ion cells of examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Performance test data for each of the examples and comparative examples
Compared with the comparative example 1 and the examples 1 to 6, the water-based high-nickel positive plate prepared by the method has no significant difference in cycle performance from the conventional oily high-nickel positive plate, is simple in preparation process, environment-friendly and low in cost, has a good application prospect of replacing the oily high-nickel positive electrode, improves the competitiveness of high-nickel ternary, and further promotes the large-scale popularization of new energy automobiles.
As can be seen from comparative example 2 and examples 1-6, PAA with high molecular weight plays a crucial role in ensuring the cycle performance of the aqueous high-nickel positive plate, and the PAN binder cannot effectively relieve the cycle performance attenuation of the high-nickel positive plate due to continuous dissociation and side reactions of residual lithium compounds on the surface of the high-nickel positive plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry and a preparation method thereof. The water-based binder polyacrylic acid can provide enough carboxyl to form hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, so that on one hand, the continuous dissociation and side reaction of the residual lithium compound on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be prevented, the increase of the pH value of the slurry can be prevented, the near-neutral state of the slurry can be maintained, on the other hand, the particles of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material can be mutually repelled, the stability of the slurry can be maintained, the water-based positive electrode slurry with good stability and fluidity can be obtained, and the subsequent coating process can be facilitated. The aqueous anode slurry has low cost and is environment-friendly.
According to the invention, through the selection of the aqueous binder, the optimization of the molecular weight, the selection of the dispersing equipment and the optimization of the process, the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry with good fluidity and stability is obtained, and the technical problems and pain points that the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry has high PH and is easy to corrode a base material, the slurry is easy to agglomerate and cannot be stably coated or the prepared pole piece has poor mechanical performance and conductivity are solved.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, therefore, the present invention is not limited by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry, characterized by comprising:
a high nickel ternary positive electrode material;
an aqueous binder polyacrylic acid;
a conductive agent; and
and (4) solvent water.
2. A preparation method of high-nickel ternary water system cathode slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:
stirring a first conductive agent and a high-nickel ternary positive electrode material to obtain uniformly stirred powder;
and adding the polyacrylic acid PAA as an aqueous binder, solvent water and a second conductive agent into the powder, and stirring to obtain slurry.
3. The preparation method of claim 2, wherein the first conductive agent and the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material are stirred in a double planetary stirrer at a rotation speed of 100-500 rpm for 5-60 min to obtain uniformly stirred powder; and adding the polyacrylic acid PAA as an aqueous binder, the solvent water and the second conductive agent into the powder, and stirring at the stirring speed of 500-5000 rpm for 5-60 min.
4. The preparation method according to claim 2, wherein the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is obtained by transferring the slurry to a high-speed disperser or a twin-screw extruder, treating the slurry by the high-speed disperser or the twin-screw extruder, and then defoaming, granulating and demagnetizing the treated slurry.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the slurry is transferred to a high-speed disperser or a twin-screw extruder by a screw pump; the rotating speed of the high-speed dispersion machine is 10-30 m/s, and the cycle times are 3-12 times.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the first conductive agent is acetylene black SP, the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is NCM811, and the second conductive agent is carbon nanotube CNT.
7. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein the polyacrylic acid PAA has a molecular weight of 2000-400000 g/mol; the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry comprises the following components in parts by weight:
8. the method according to claim 2, wherein the PH of the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive electrode slurry is 9 to 12.
9. A positive plate is characterized by comprising a positive current collector and a high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer, wherein the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer is formed on one surface or two surfaces of the positive current collector, and the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry layer is formed by drying the high-nickel ternary aqueous positive slurry prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 2 to 8.
10. A lithium ion battery cell, comprising:
the positive electrode sheet according to claim 9;
a negative plate;
the isolating film is arranged between the negative plate and the positive plate; and
the packaging bag is made of an aluminum-plastic film composite material, and the negative pole piece, the positive pole piece and the bare cell made of the isolating film are arranged in the packaging bag.
11. The lithium ion battery cell of claim 10, further comprising an electrolyte comprising a lithium salt selected from LiPF and an organic solvent6、LiBF4、LiN(SO2F)2、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiB(C2O4)2、LiBF2C2O4And LiPF2O2The organic solvent is one or more selected from ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, pentylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl formate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate and tetrahydrofuran.
12. A lithium ion battery pack, characterized in that the lithium ion battery pack comprises the lithium ion battery cell according to any one of claims 10 to 11.
13. The lithium ion battery pack of claim 12 applied to an automobile, a motorcycle, or a bicycle.
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