CN110993901A - Low-internal-resistance quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery - Google Patents

Low-internal-resistance quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery Download PDF

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CN110993901A
CN110993901A CN201911096027.4A CN201911096027A CN110993901A CN 110993901 A CN110993901 A CN 110993901A CN 201911096027 A CN201911096027 A CN 201911096027A CN 110993901 A CN110993901 A CN 110993901A
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coating
negative
positive electrode
negative electrode
lithium ion
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易先文
陈汉
梁庆生
夏明阳
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Shenzhen Bak Power Battery Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Bak Power Battery Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
    • H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
    • H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
    • H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance. According to the invention, an atomic layer deposition method is adopted to form a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material as a positive electrode active material, and the amorphous carbon coated graphite or the amorphous carbon coated Si/C or the amorphous carbon coated SiOx is matched as a negative electrode active material, so that the porosity of a plate is controlled in a gradient manner, and multiple tabs are adopted to realize synergistic interaction, thereby obtaining unexpected technical effects, reducing the internal resistance of the battery and improving the quick charge and quick discharge capacity of the battery. The lithium ion power battery has low internal resistance and high energy density, and the mass energy density is 200-60 Wh/kg; the safety performance is high; the charging speed is high, and 80% of electric quantity can be charged in 12 min; meanwhile, the cycle performance is excellent, and the capacity retention rate is more than 80% after the battery is cycled for 2000 weeks under the charge-discharge rate of + 4C/-1C.

Description

Low-internal-resistance quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a quick-charging and quick-discharging type lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance.
Background
The automobile industry is an important pillar industry of national economy in China and plays an important role in the development of the national economy and the society. In recent years, the automobile output and sales mainly based on gasoline and diesel oil consumption are steadily increased. However, with the development of the traditional automobile industry, the motor vehicle exhaust pollution caused by gasoline and diesel oil consumption becomes one of the important reasons of the air pollution problem in China, and the development of the energy-saving and environment-friendly new energy automobile industry is not only an urgent need for optimizing the energy structure safety and the air environment protection in China, but also a necessary way for the automobile to move from the automobile country to the automobile country in China. Based on national policy support and promotion of market demand, the new energy automobile industry develops rapidly, and the market share of pure electric and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles is obviously improved. With the vigorous development of new energy industry in China, the lithium ion power battery becomes the first choice of a battery system of an electric automobile due to the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life and the like.
However, the lithium ion power batteries produced by various lithium battery production plants at present generally have the following defects or problems: the internal resistance of the lithium ion power battery is relatively high, the allowable charging and discharging current is small (most of the charging is 2C3A, and the discharging is 3C 3A), so that the charging time of a new energy automobile is too long, some slow charging needs 3.5 hours, and the fast charging needs 30 minutes; high rate charge and discharge for a battery, battery aging is typically accelerated, resulting in degradation of battery capacity and power performance. These problems are aggravated by charging and discharging in a low-temperature environment, a large amount of heat is generated by internal resistance in a quick charging process, but an effective means for achieving uniform heat dissipation of the battery is still lacked at present, and local overheating may aggravate battery aging and induce safety problems. And the driving range of the electric automobile charged once is short. Therefore, although manufacturers have introduced electric vehicles with various driving ranges, the electric vehicles still have limited popularity due to anxiety in driving range, long charging time and low discharging power.
Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art to provide a fast-charging and fast-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance, which solves the problems of high internal resistance, high heat generation, long charging and discharging time, etc. of the current lithium ion power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance, which comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a pole ear; the positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a positive material coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector; the anode material coating comprises a modified high-nickel ternary anode material, the modified high-nickel ternary anode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary anode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is any one of phosphate, boride, oxide, fluoride and a conductive carbon layer; the positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer positive electrode material coating; the negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating comprises a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is amorphous carbon coated graphite or amorphous carbon coated Si/C or amorphous carbon coated SiOx; the negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner negative electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer negative electrode material coating; the pole lugs are multi-pole lugs.
Furthermore, in the thickness direction of the positive pole piece, the porosity of the inner layer positive pole material coating close to the surface of the positive pole current collector is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20% -50%; in the thickness direction of the negative pole piece, the porosity of the inner layer negative pole material coating close to the surface of the negative pole current collector is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
Furthermore, the multi-tab is one of a square multi-tab, a square full tab, a soft-package multi-tab, a soft-package full tab, a cylindrical multi-tab and a cylindrical full tab.
Further, the coating layer is LiF or B2O3、TiO2、Li3PO4、Al2O3MgO, and PPY.
Further, the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material or a nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNixCoyMnzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.9, y is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.3, and x + y + z = 1; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material is LiNixCoyAlzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 0.95, y is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.15, and x + y + z = 1.
Further, the coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 380-650 mAh/g.
Further, the positive current collector is a porous aluminum foil or a carbon-coated aluminum foil; the diameter of the hole of the porous aluminum foil is 15-100 um; the thickness of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 10-18um, the thickness of the carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 0.3-5um, and the carbon-coated layer is one or more of SP, CNTs, VGCF and graphene; the surface density of the coating of the anode material is 150-450g/m2。
Further, the negative current collector is a porous copper foil or a carbon-coated copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 mu m, and the surface density of the negative material coating is 100-300g/m2(ii) a The carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated copper foil is one or more of Super P, CNTs, VGCF and graphene.
Further, the positive electrode material coating also comprises a positive electrode conductive agent and a positive electrode binder; the negative electrode material coating also comprises a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder; the positive electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, CNTS, VGCF, ECP and graphene; the positive electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.05-4% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating; the negative electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, SWCNT and graphene, and the negative electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.1-1wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
Further, the positive adhesive is a mixture of one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF-CTFE), and accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the positive material coating; the negative electrode binder is one or more of styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate and sodium alginate, and accounts for 0.5-4.5% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
Further, the lithium ion power battery also comprises an electrolyte and a diaphragm; the electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the solvent is at least two of dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate, and the additive is one or more of ethylene sulfate, vinylene carbonate, phenylsulfone and fluoroethylene carbonate; the concentration of the electrolyte is 0.8-1.5 mol/L; the diaphragm is a single-layer PE diaphragm or a three-layer PP/PE/PP diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 9-16 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 38-55%; the coating of the diaphragm is made of aluminum oxide or polyimide, and the thickness of the coating is 1.5-4 mu m.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, an atomic layer deposition method is adopted to form a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material as a positive electrode active material, and the amorphous carbon coated graphite or the amorphous carbon coated Si/C or the amorphous carbon coated SiOx is matched as a negative electrode active material, so that the porosity of a plate is controlled in a gradient manner, and multiple tabs are adopted to realize synergistic interaction, thereby obtaining unexpected technical effects, reducing the internal resistance of the battery and improving the quick charge and quick discharge capacity of the battery. The lithium ion power battery has low internal resistance and high energy density, and the mass energy density is 200-60 Wh/kg; the safety performance is high; the charging speed is high, and 80% of electric quantity can be charged in 12 min; meanwhile, the cycle performance is excellent, and the capacity retention rate is more than 80% after the battery is cycled for 2000 weeks under the charge-discharge rate of + 4C/-1C. The technical problems of insufficient endurance mileage and low charging rate of the current commercial power battery are effectively solved by combining the comprehensive advantages of the lithium ion power battery in the aspects of environmental adaptability and high safety, and an important technical basis is provided for realizing large-scale commercial application of the lithium ion power battery in the power battery.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a charge-discharge curve of a column 18650-3300mAh lithium ion power battery prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the cycle performance of the column 18650-3300mAh lithium ion power battery prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a charge-discharge curve of the cylinder 21700-5000mAh lithium ion power battery prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the cycle performance of the column 21700-5000mAh lithium ion power battery prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a charge-discharge curve of a square 2614891-54Ah lithium ion power battery prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the cycling performance of square 2614891-54Ah lithium ion power cells made in example 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
Unless otherwise defined, terms used in the present specification have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art, but in case of conflict, the definitions in the present specification shall control.
The use of "including," "comprising," "containing," "having," or other variations thereof herein, is meant to encompass the non-exclusive inclusion, as such terms are not to be construed. The term "comprising" means that other steps and ingredients can be added that do not affect the end result. The term "comprising" also includes the terms "consisting of …" and "consisting essentially of …". The compositions and methods/processes of the present invention comprise, consist of, and consist essentially of the essential elements and limitations described herein, as well as any of the additional or optional ingredients, components, steps, or limitations described herein.
All numbers or expressions referring to quantities of ingredients, process conditions, etc. used in the specification and claims are to be understood as modified in all instances by the term "about". All ranges directed to the same component or property are inclusive of the endpoints, and independently combinable. Because these ranges are continuous, they include every value between the minimum and maximum values. It should also be understood that any numerical range recited herein is intended to include all sub-ranges within that range.
As described in the background art, the lithium ion power battery in the prior art has the problems of large internal resistance, high heat generation, long charging and discharging time and the like. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance.
The invention carries out more intensive research for solving the technical problem, thereby finding that important breakthrough needs to be made from the design end of the battery aiming at heat generation, lithium separation and accelerated aging of the battery caused by high-rate charge and discharge. Secondly, the accelerated aging of the battery mainly comprises that the crystal structure of the material is not collapsed and the SEI film interface is stable. According to the invention, an atomic layer deposition method is adopted to form a coating layer on the surface of a high-nickel ternary positive electrode material as a positive electrode active material, a high-capacity silicon-based negative electrode material is matched, the structure improvement of a diaphragm, an electrolyte, a conductive agent, a binder and a pole piece is optimized, the lithium ion power battery manufactured by the method has the characteristics of high mass energy density and quick charge and quick discharge, the 80% electric quantity charged in 12min and the 2000-time 80-time service life of a quick charge cycle are met, the comprehensive advantages of the battery in two aspects of environmental suitability and high safety are combined, the technical problems of insufficient endurance mileage and slow charge rate of the current commercial power battery are effectively solved, and an important technical basis is provided for realizing large-scale commercial application of the lithium ion power battery in the power battery.
A quick-charging and quick-discharging lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a diaphragm, electrolyte and a pole lug.
The positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a positive material coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector. The positive electrode material coating comprises a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode conductive agent and a positive electrode binder.
According to the invention, the positive electrode active material is a modified high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, the modified high-nickel ternary positive electrode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is any one of phosphate, boride, oxide, fluoride and a conductive carbon layer; more preferably, the coating layer is LiF or B2O3、TiO2、Li3PO4、Al2O3MgO, and PPY.
The lithium ion battery positive active material on the market at present mainly comprises lithium cobaltate (LiCoO)2) Lithium manganate (LiMn)2O4) Ternary material and lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO)4). Ternary material batteries have become the most promising batteries for electric tools because of their superior overall performance. At present, people reduce the influence of coating on the dynamic performance of a positive electrode material by selecting a coating substance with lithium ion conduction capacity to carry out coating modification on a ternary material. However, these methods have some disadvantages, and are difficult to form a complete coating layer, and if a complete coating layer is formed, many coating substances are required to form a thicker coating layer, so that the dynamic performance of the modified material cannot be guaranteed, and the uniformity of the thickness of the coating layer cannot be guaranteed, and the thickness is also uncontrollable. Based on the problems, in the invention, the atomic layer deposition method is adopted to form the coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary cathode material to be used as the cathode active materialThe lithium battery has the advantages of small particles, moderate particle size distribution range, controllable coating thickness and thin and compact coating, greatly reduces the side reaction of high nickel and electrolyte, improves the effective electrochemical reaction efficiency in the battery, achieves long service life, and can reduce the negative influence of the coating on material dynamics, thereby improving the performance of the lithium battery using ternary materials.
It should be noted that the atomic layer deposition technique is a coating technique known to those skilled in the art, and the operation and principle thereof are known to those skilled in the art through technical manuals or through routine experimental methods, and those skilled in the art can select and adjust specific operation according to actual production conditions, product requirements and quality requirements.
In the invention, the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material or a nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNixCoyMnzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.9, y is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.3, and x + y + z = 1; preferably, the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2、LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2(ii) a The chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material is LiNixCoyAlzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 0.95, y is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.15, and x + y + z = 1. Preferably, the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material is LiNi0.85Co0.1Al0.05O2、LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2。
The positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer positive electrode material coating. More preferably, in the thickness direction of the positive pole piece, the porosity of the inner positive pole material coating layer close to the surface of the positive pole current collector is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20-50%.
In the present invention, the gradient porosity of the positive electrode material coating layer is achieved by adjusting the coating and drying manner so that the moisture evaporation rate is different.
According to the invention, the porosity gradient of the positive pole piece is controlled, the porosity close to the positive current collector side is small, and the porosity far from the positive current collector side is large, so that the mode is favorable for electron conduction and ion diffusion at the diaphragm side of the positive current collector side.
The positive current collector is a porous aluminum foil, and the diameter of the holes of the porous aluminum foil is 15-100 um. More preferably, the positive electrode current collector is a carbon-coated aluminum foil; the thickness of carbon-coated aluminum foil is 10-18um, the thickness of the carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 0.3-5um, and the carbon-coated layer is one or more of SP, CNTs, VGCF and graphene. The positive current collector adopts the carbon-coated aluminum foil, so that the softness of the coating can be increased, the body impedance of the coating can be reduced, and the embedding degree of active substances in the coating can be increased, so that the interface contact resistance is reduced, and the electron transmission speed is increased.
The surface density of the coating of the anode material is 150-450g/m2。
The positive electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, CNTS, VGCF, ECP and graphene; the positive electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.05-4% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating.
According to the invention, two conductive agents are mixed and matched in the positive pole piece, so that a three-dimensional electronic conductive network is favorably constructed, the particles can have quick conductive capacity, the transmission speed of electrons is greatly increased, and the charging speed is increased.
The positive electrode binder is a mixture consisting of one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF-CTFE), and accounts for 0.5-2% of the mass of the positive electrode material coating.
The negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating includes a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode conductive agent, and a negative electrode binder.
In the invention, the negative active material is amorphous carbon coated graphite or amorphous carbon coated Si/C or amorphous carbon coated SiOx, wherein x is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2. The coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 380-650 mAh/g.
According to the invention, the negative active material is amorphous carbon coated graphite or amorphous carbon coated Si/C or amorphous carbon coated SiOx, the amorphous carbon layer is compact and uniform, the surface electronic conductivity of the negative active material is ensured, direct contact with electrolyte is reduced, the reaction area is increased, the lithium ion intercalation reaction impedance is reduced, and the charge and discharge performance is improved.
The negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner negative electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer negative electrode material coating; more preferably, in the thickness direction of the negative electrode pole piece, the porosity of the negative electrode material coating close to the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
According to the invention, the porosity gradient of the negative pole piece is controlled, the porosity close to the negative current collector side is small, and the porosity far away from the negative current collector side is large, so that the mode is favorable for electron conduction and diaphragm side ion diffusion on the negative current collector side.
The negative current collector is a porous copper foil or a carbon-coated copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 mu m, and the surface density of the coating of the negative material is 100-300g/m2(ii) a The carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated copper foil is one or more of Super P, CNTs, VGCF and graphene.
The negative electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, SWCNT and graphene, and more preferably, the negative electrode conductive agent is a mixture of Super P, SWCNT and graphene. The negative electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.1-1wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
According to the invention, multiple conductive agents are mixed and matched in the negative pole piece, so that a three-dimensional electronic conductive network is favorably constructed, the particles can have quick conductive capacity, the transmission speed of electrons is greatly increased, and the charging speed is increased.
The negative electrode binder is one or more of styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate and sodium alginate, and accounts for 0.5-4.5% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
In the invention, the tabs are multi-tabs; the multi-pole lug is one of a square multi-pole lug, a square full-pole lug, a soft-packaged multi-pole lug, a soft-packaged full-pole lug, a cylindrical multi-pole lug and a cylindrical full-pole lug.
The electrode lugs adopt the multiple electrode lugs, and the multiple electrode lug structure can reduce internal resistance, quickly dissipate heat, average the current density of the electrode plate and improve the charging rate.
The electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the solvent is at least two of dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate, and the additive is one or more of ethylene sulfate, vinylene carbonate, phenylsulfone and fluoroethylene carbonate; the concentration of the electrolyte is 0.8-1.5 mol/L.
The electrolyte is optimized, and the electrolyte is low-internal-resistance high-power electrolyte.
The amount of the solvent and the additive is not particularly limited in the present invention, and the ratio of the solvent and the additive in the electrolyte preparation process, which is well known to those skilled in the art, can be selected and adjusted by those skilled in the art according to the actual production situation, quality requirements and product requirements.
The diaphragm is a single-layer PE diaphragm or a three-layer PP/PE/PP diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 9-16 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 38-55%; the coating of the diaphragm is made of aluminum oxide or polyimide, and the thickness of the coating is 1.5-4 mu m.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, which are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A low-internal-resistance, fast-charging and fast-discharging 18650-containing 3300mAh lithium ion power battery comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a pole lug, a diaphragm and electrolyte.
The positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a positive material coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector; the positive electrode material coating consists of a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder and a positive electrode conductive agent; the anode active material is a modified high-nickel ternary anode material, the modified high-nickel ternary anode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary anode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is LiF; the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material is LiNi0.85Co0.1Al0.05O2(ii) a The positive electrode active material accounts for 98% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating.
The positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating close to the surface of the positive electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the positive electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20-50%.
The positive current collector is a carbon-coated aluminum foil; the thickness of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 10-18um, the thickness of the carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 0.3-5um, and the carbon-coated layer is CNTs; the surface density of the coating of the cathode material is 350g/m2。
The positive electrode conductive agent is Super P and CNTs (5 nm); the positive electrode conductive agent is 0.6% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating, wherein the mass ratio of the Super P to the CNTs is 5: 1.
The positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and the mass percentage of the positive electrode binder in the positive electrode material coating is 1.4%.
The negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating consists of a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder; the negative active material is amorphous carbon coated SiOx; the coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 450 mAh/g; the negative electrode active material accounts for 97% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
The negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner layer negative electrode material coating close to the surface of the negative electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the negative electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
The negative current collector is a porous copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 mu m, and the surface density of the coating of the negative material coating is 200g/m2。
The negative electrode conductive agent is Super P and SWCNT, the negative electrode conductive agent is 0.6% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating, and the mass ratio of the Super P to the SWCNT is 5: 1.
The negative electrode binder is polyacrylic acid, and accounts for 2.4% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
The tabs are multi-tabs; the multi-pole lug is a square multi-pole lug.
The electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the dosage of the lithium hexafluorophosphate is 12.5wt%, the electrolyte concentration is 1.0mol/L, the solvents are DMC, EMC and EC, the dosage of the DMC, EMC and EC is 55wt%, the dosage of the EMC and EC is 12.5wt%, and the additive is FEC, and the dosage of the FEC is 10 wt%.
The diaphragm is a single-layer PE diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 12 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 50%; the coating of the diaphragm is alumina, and the thickness of the coating is 3 mu m.
The lithium ion power battery is prepared as follows: carrying out multi-tab welding on the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece; winding the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece together into a winding core, placing the winding core in a shell, rolling a groove, testing internal short circuit, baking for 48 hours at 80 ℃, injecting electrolyte, sealing, cleaning the shell, and coating a thermoplastic film. And aging the cell for 12h to obtain a finished battery product.
The lithium ion power battery in example 1 was subjected to performance testing.
And (3) capacity grading test: the battery is charged to 4.2V at a constant current of 1.0C, the voltage of 4.2V is constant to 0.01C at a cut-off current, and then 4C is discharged to 2.5V, the capacity of 4C is 3357mAh, and the charging and discharging curves are shown in figure 1.
And (3) rate charge discharge test: the batteries were charged at constant currents 2C, 4C and 6C to 4.2V, and at 4.2V, constant voltage was maintained until current cutoff was 0.01C, and the constant current charging ratio and the constant current charging time were counted, wherein the 4C was charged at 80.6% SOC for 12min, and the charging performance was as shown in table 1.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
And (3) normal-temperature cycle test: and charging the battery cell with constant current 4C to 4.2V, keeping the voltage of 4.2V constant to the cutoff current of 0.01C, discharging the battery cell with constant current 1C to 2.5V, and performing a cyclic test for 2000 circles. The normal temperature cycle shows a better retention rate of 83.4% @2000, and the cycle performance curve is shown in figure 2.
Example 2
A low-internal-resistance, quick-charging and quick-discharging 21700-and 5000mAh lithium ion power battery comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a pole lug, a diaphragm and electrolyte.
The positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a positive material coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector; the positive electrode material coating consists of a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder and a positive electrode conductive agent; the cathode active material is a modified high-nickel ternary cathode material, the modified high-nickel ternary cathode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary cathode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is B2O3(ii) a The high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNi0.9Co0.07Mn0.03O2(ii) a The positive electrode active material accounts for 98% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating.
The positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating close to the surface of the positive electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the positive electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20-50%.
The positive current collector is a porous aluminum foil, and the diameter of the pores of the porous aluminum foil is 15-100 um; the front partThe surface density of the electrode material coating is 150g/m2。
The positive electrode conductive agent is Super P and graphene; the positive electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.8% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating; the mass ratio of the Super P to the graphene is 1: 4.
The positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and the mass percentage of the positive electrode binder in the positive electrode material coating is 1.2%.
The negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating consists of a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder; the negative active material is amorphous carbon coated graphite; the coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 450 mAh/g; the negative electrode active material accounts for 96.8% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
The negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner layer negative electrode material coating close to the surface of the negative electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the negative electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
The negative current collector is a porous copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 mu m, and the surface density of the coating of the negative material coating is 100g/m2。
The negative electrode conductive agent is Super P, SWCNT and graphene, and the negative electrode conductive agent is 0.9% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating, wherein the mass ratio of the Super P, the SWCNT and the graphene is 5:1: 3.
The cathode binder is SBR, and accounts for 2.3% of the total mass of the cathode material coating.
The tabs are multi-tabs; the multi-tab is a soft-packaged full tab.
The electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the dosage of the lithium hexafluorophosphate is 11wt%, the electrolyte concentration is 1.0mol/L, the solvents are DMC, EMC and EC, the dosage of the DMC, EMC and EC is 52wt%, the dosage of the EMC and EC is 14wt%, the additive is FEC, and the dosage of the additive is 9 wt%.
The diaphragm is a single-layer PE diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 14 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 52%; the coating of the diaphragm is aluminum oxide, and the thickness of the coating is 2 mu m.
The lithium ion power battery is prepared as follows: carrying out multi-tab welding on the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece; winding the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece together into a winding core, placing the winding core in a shell, rolling a groove, testing internal short circuit, baking for 24 hours at 80 ℃, injecting electrolyte, sealing, cleaning the shell, and coating a thermoplastic film. And aging the cell for 12h to obtain a finished battery product.
The lithium ion power battery in example 2 was subjected to performance testing.
And (3) capacity grading test: the battery is charged to 4.2V at a constant current of 1.0C, the voltage of 4.2V is constant to 0.01C at a cut-off current, and then 4C is discharged to 2.5V, the capacity of 4C is 5002.8mAh, and the charging and discharging curves are shown in figure 3.
And (3) rate charge discharge test: the batteries were charged at constant currents 2C, 4C and 6C to 4.2V, and at 4.2V, constant voltage was maintained until current cutoff was 0.01C, and the constant current charging ratio and the constant current charging time were counted, where 4C was charged at 81.5% SOC for 12min, and the charging performance was as shown in table 2.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
And (3) normal-temperature cycle test: and charging the battery cell with constant current 4C to 4.2V, keeping the voltage of 4.2V constant to the cutoff current of 0.01C, discharging the battery cell with constant current 1C to 2.5V, and performing a cyclic test for 2000 circles. The normal temperature cycle shows a better retention rate of 83.8% @2000, and the cycle performance curve is shown in FIG. 4.
Example 3
A quick-charging and quick-discharging 2614891-54Ah lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece, a pole lug, a diaphragm and electrolyte.
The positive pole piece comprises a positive current collector and a positive material coating coated on the surface of the positive current collector; the positive electrode material coating layer is made of a positive electrode active materialThe material, the anode binder and the anode conductive agent; the positive electrode active material is a modified high-nickel ternary positive electrode material, the modified high-nickel ternary positive electrode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is MgO; the high-nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNi0.85Co0.1Mn0.05O2(ii) a The positive active material accounts for 97.5% of the total mass of the positive material coating.
The positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating close to the surface of the positive electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the positive electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20-50%.
The positive current collector is a carbon-coated aluminum foil; the thickness of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 10-18um, the thickness of the carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 0.3-5um, and the carbon-coated layer is VGCF; the surface density of the coating of the anode material is 450g/m2。
The positive electrode conductive agent is CNTS, VGCF and graphene; the positive electrode conductive agent accounts for 1% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating; wherein the mass ratio of the CNTS, the VGCF and the graphene is 4:5: 1.
The positive electrode binder is polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene PVDF-CTFE, and the mass percentage of the positive electrode binder in the positive electrode material coating is 1.5%.
The negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating consists of a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder; the negative active material is amorphous carbon coated Si/C; the coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 380 mAh/g; the negative active material accounts for 97.2% of the total mass of the negative material coating.
The negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner layer negative electrode material coating close to the surface of the negative electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the negative electrode pole piece is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
The negative current collector is a carbon-coated copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 mu m, and the surface density of the coating of the negative material coating is 300g/m2(ii) a The carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated copper foil is graphene.
The negative electrode conductive agent is Super P, SWCNT and graphene, and the negative electrode conductive agent is 1wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating, wherein the mass ratio of the Super P, the SWCNT and the graphene is 5:1: 3.
The negative electrode binder is sodium alginate, and accounts for 1.8% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
The tabs are multi-tabs; the multi-pole lug is a cylindrical full-pole lug.
The electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the usage amount of the lithium hexafluorophosphate is 11wt%, the electrolyte concentration is 0.8mol/L, the solvents are propylene carbonate and ethylene carbonate, the usage amounts of the propylene carbonate and the ethylene carbonate are 54wt% and 27wt% respectively, and the additive is ethylene sulfate, and the usage amount of the ethylene sulfate is 8 wt%.
The diaphragm is a three-layer PP/PE/PP diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 9 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 38%; the coating of the diaphragm is polyimide, and the thickness of the coating is 1.5 mu m.
The lithium ion power battery is prepared as follows: carrying out multi-tab welding on the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece; winding the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece together into a winding core, placing the winding core in a shell, rolling a groove, testing internal short circuit, baking for 24 hours at 80 ℃, injecting electrolyte, sealing, cleaning the shell, and coating a thermoplastic film. And aging the cell for 12h to obtain a finished battery product.
The lithium ion power battery in example 3 was subjected to performance testing.
And (3) capacity grading test: the battery is charged at a constant current of 1.0C to 4.2V, the voltage of 4.2V is constant to a cut-off current of 0.01C, and then the battery is discharged at 4C to 2.5V, the capacity of 4C is 54.2536Ah, and the charging and discharging curves are shown in figure 5.
And (3) rate charge discharge test: the batteries were charged at constant currents 2C, 4C and 6C to 4.2V, and at 4.2V, constant voltage was maintained until current cutoff was 0.01C, and the constant current charging ratio and the constant current charging time were counted, wherein 80.5% SOC was charged at 4C, the constant current charging time was 12min, and the charging performance was as shown in table 3.
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
And (3) normal-temperature cycle test: and charging the battery cell with constant current 4C to 4.2V, keeping the voltage of 4.2V constant to the cutoff current of 0.01C, discharging the battery cell with constant current 1C to 2.5V, and performing a cyclic test for 2000 circles. The normal temperature cycle shows a better retention rate of 82.3% @2000, and the cycle performance curve is shown in FIG. 6.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description is more specific and detailed, but not understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present invention, but all the technical solutions obtained by using the equivalent substitution or the equivalent transformation should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A low internal resistance and quick charge and quick discharge type lithium ion power battery comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a pole ear; the positive pole piece is characterized by comprising a positive pole current collector and a positive pole material coating coated on the surface of the positive pole current collector; the anode material coating comprises a modified high-nickel ternary anode material, the modified high-nickel ternary anode material forms a coating layer on the surface of the high-nickel ternary anode material by adopting an atomic layer deposition method, and the coating layer is any one of phosphate, boride, oxide, fluoride and a conductive carbon layer; the positive electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer positive electrode material coating; the negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole material coating coated on the surface of the negative pole current collector; the negative electrode material coating comprises a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is amorphous carbon coated graphite or amorphous carbon coated Si/C or amorphous carbon coated SiOx; the negative electrode material coating has gradient porosity, and the porosity of the inner negative electrode material coating is smaller than that of the outer negative electrode material coating; the pole lugs are multi-pole lugs.
2. The lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance and rapid charging and discharging of claim 1, wherein the porosity of the inner positive electrode material coating layer close to the surface of the positive electrode current collector in the thickness direction of the positive electrode plate is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer anode material coating far away from the surface of the anode current collector is 20% -50%; in the thickness direction of the negative pole piece, the porosity of the inner layer negative pole material coating close to the surface of the negative pole current collector is 10% -20%; the porosity of the outer layer negative electrode material coating far away from the surface of the negative electrode current collector is 20-50%.
3. The lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance and rapid charging and discharging according to claim 1, wherein the multi-tab is one of a square multi-tab, a square full tab, a soft-package multi-tab, a soft-package full tab, a cylindrical multi-tab, and a cylindrical full tab; the coating layer is LiF and B2O3、TiO2、Li3PO4、Al2O3MgO, and PPY.
4. The low internal resistance, fast charge, and fast discharge lithium ion power battery of claim 1, wherein the high nickel ternary positive electrode material is a nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material or a nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material is LiNixCoyMnzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 0.9, y is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.3, and x + y + z = 1; the chemical formula of the nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material is LiNixCoyAlzO2Wherein x is more than or equal to 0.7 and less than or equal to 0.95, y is more than or equal to 0.03 and less than or equal to 0.15, and x + y + z = 1.
5. The lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance and rapid charge and discharge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating thickness of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 5-200nm, and the mass percentage of the amorphous carbon in the negative active material is 1-10%; the mass fraction of silicon element in the negative active material is 2-15%; the gram capacity of the negative pole piece is 380-650 mAh/g.
6. The low internal resistance and fast charge and fast discharge lithium ion power battery according to claim 1, wherein the positive current collector is a porous aluminum foil or a carbon-coated aluminum foil; the diameter of the hole of the porous aluminum foil is 15-100 um; the thickness of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 10-18um, the thickness of the carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated aluminum foil is 0.3-5um, and the carbon-coated layer is one or more of SP, CNTs, VGCF and graphene; the surface density of the coating of the anode material is 150-450g/m2。
7. The lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance and rapid charging and discharging as claimed in claim 1, wherein the negative current collector is a porous copper foil or a carbon-coated copper foil, the thickness of the negative current collector is 6-10 μm, and the surface density of the coating of the negative material is 100-300g/m2(ii) a The carbon-coated layer of the carbon-coated copper foil is one or more of Super P, CNTs, VGCF and graphene.
8. The low internal resistance, fast charge, and fast discharge lithium ion power cell of claim 1, wherein the coating of positive electrode material further comprises a positive electrode conductive agent, a positive electrode binder; the negative electrode material coating also comprises a negative electrode conductive agent and a negative electrode binder; the positive electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, CNTS, VGCF, ECP and graphene; the positive electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.05-4% of the total mass of the positive electrode material coating; the negative electrode conductive agent is at least two of Super P, SWCNT and graphene, and the negative electrode conductive agent accounts for 0.1-1wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
9. The lithium ion power battery with low internal resistance and rapid charging and discharging of claim 8, wherein the positive electrode binder is one or a mixture of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene (PVDF-CTFE), and the mass percentage of the positive electrode binder in the positive electrode material coating is 0.5-2%; the negative electrode binder is one or more of styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyimide, polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylate and sodium alginate, and accounts for 0.5-4.5% of the total mass of the negative electrode material coating.
10. The low internal resistance, fast charge, and fast discharge lithium ion power cell of claim 1, wherein the lithium ion power cell further comprises an electrolyte and a separator; the electrolyte comprises electrolyte, solvent and additive; the electrolyte is lithium hexafluorophosphate, the solvent is at least two of dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate, and the additive is one or more of ethylene sulfate, vinylene carbonate, phenylsulfone and fluoroethylene carbonate; the concentration of the electrolyte is 0.8-1.5 mol/L; the diaphragm is a single-layer PE diaphragm or a three-layer PP/PE/PP diaphragm; the thickness of the diaphragm is 9-16 μm, and the porosity of the diaphragm is 38-55%; the coating of the diaphragm is made of aluminum oxide or polyimide, and the thickness of the coating is 1.5-4 mu m.
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CN112467062A (en) * 2020-11-02 2021-03-09 东莞市煜信恩能源科技有限公司 Lithium battery surface coating process
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CN109167020A (en) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-08 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 A kind of preparation method and lithium ion battery of the porous lithium ion pole piece with high-energy density
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