CN112378787B - Free-falling type sounding simulation device and method - Google Patents
Free-falling type sounding simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378787B CN112378787B CN202011294484.7A CN202011294484A CN112378787B CN 112378787 B CN112378787 B CN 112378787B CN 202011294484 A CN202011294484 A CN 202011294484A CN 112378787 B CN112378787 B CN 112378787B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
- G01N2203/0246—Special simulation of "in situ" conditions, scale models or dummies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0411—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a free-falling type sounding simulation device and a method, which belong to the technical field of ocean geology detection, wherein the free-falling type sounding simulation device comprises: the consolidation bin comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, wherein the inner shell is used for containing samples, and a water cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; one end of the guide tube is fixedly connected with the inner shell and communicated with the inner part of the inner shell, and the other end of the guide tube extends out of the outer shell; a pressure compensating assembly capable of applying a vertical pressure to the sample in the inner case through the guide pipe; the feeler assembly comprises a feeler lever and a probe, the feeler lever is arranged opposite to the guide tube, and the probe can penetrate into a sample. The free-falling type sounding simulation method adopts the free-falling type sounding simulation device, and the condition that the pressure is lack at the top of the sample caused by the communication of the guide pipe and the outside can be compensated through the pressure compensation component, so that the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ocean geology detection, in particular to a free-falling type sounding simulation device and method.
Background
Static sounding is one of the most ideal in-situ test methods for obtaining physical and mechanical properties of soil, and is widely applied in the aspects of determining bearing capacity of a foundation, non-drainage shear strength and the like. In recent years, on the basis of the land static sounding technology, marine static sounding test equipment is developed and applied at home and abroad successively. Because the requirements of the marine static sounding on test equipment, carrying ships and the like are high, the further wide application of the marine static sounding is limited, and the free-falling sounding test technology with light weight and flexibility is generated.
The working principle of free falling sounding is that the penetrating device is released at a certain height, and is inserted into sediment at a certain speed by means of self gravity, and the speed of the penetrating device is gradually reduced to zero under the action of sediment resistance. And acquiring the strength parameters of the shallow sediment of the seabed through data such as acceleration, cone tip resistance, side friction resistance, pore water pressure and the like obtained in the penetrating process.
In-situ testing is time-consuming and labor-consuming as compared with indoor testing, and is costly, so that research into high-precision indoor testing to accumulate relevant data is an urgent problem to be solved. In the prior art, when a dynamic penetration test is carried out, as the probe rod needs to penetrate into a sample, the top of the sample needs to be in contact with the outside, so that the partial area of the sample lacks pressure, and the actual working condition cannot be simulated truly.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a free-falling type sounding simulation device and a free-falling type sounding simulation method, so as to simulate actual working conditions more accurately.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A free-fall penetration simulation device, comprising:
A base;
the consolidation bin is arranged on the base and comprises an outer shell and an inner shell positioned in the outer shell, the inner shell is used for containing a sample, and a water cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell;
one end of the guide tube is fixedly connected with the inner shell and communicated with the inner part of the inner shell, and the other end of the guide tube extends out of the outer shell;
the pressure compensation assembly is arranged above the consolidation bin and can apply vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell through the guide pipe;
The adjusting bracket is arranged on the base and comprises a first supporting frame and a guide rail connected with the first supporting frame, the height of the first supporting frame is adjustable, and the angle of the guide rail in a vertical plane is adjustable;
The feeler assembly is connected with the guide rail in a sliding manner and locked through the locking piece, the feeler assembly comprises a feeler lever and a probe, the feeler lever is opposite to the guide tube, and the probe can penetrate into the sample.
The inner shell comprises an upper cover, a lower cover and a flexible waterproof film arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover, and the lower end of the guide tube is fixedly connected with the upper cover.
The shell comprises a top cover, a bottom cover and a side wall arranged between the top cover and the bottom cover, wherein an air inlet hole and a water inlet hole which are communicated with the water cavity are formed in the top cover, and a drain hole which is communicated with the water cavity is formed in the bottom of the side wall.
The top cover is provided with a mounting hole, and the guide pipe penetrates through the mounting hole and can be locked and fixed with the top cover.
The pressure compensation assembly comprises a second support frame, an air cylinder and an adapter plate, wherein the second support frame is connected with the base, the air cylinder is arranged on the second support frame, the output end of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the adapter plate, and the adapter plate is fixedly connected with the guide tube.
The air cylinders are arranged at least two, the at least two air cylinders are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the shell at intervals, and the output end of each air cylinder is connected with the adapter plate.
The first support frame comprises a fixing frame and a moving frame, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the base, a plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the fixing frame along the vertical direction, second threaded holes are formed in the moving frame, and the second threaded holes and the first threaded holes can be connected through bolts.
Wherein, the guide rail with remove and connect through adjustment mechanism between the frame, adjustment mechanism includes two sets of adjusting part that set up along vertical direction interval, the adjusting part includes:
the support rod is fixedly connected with the movable frame;
The screw rod penetrates through the supporting rod and is in threaded connection with the supporting rod;
The rotating block is fixedly connected with the guide rail, a containing groove is formed in the rotating block, and one end of the screw rod is inserted into the containing groove.
The probe rod is far away from one end of the probe is provided with a connecting block, the connecting block is in sliding connection with the guide rail and can be fixed through a locking pin, and a balancing weight is arranged on the connecting block.
A free-falling type sounding simulation method adopts the free-falling type sounding simulation device, which comprises the following steps:
The inner shell is filled with a sample, the water cavity is filled with water, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
Applying vertical pressure to the sample within the inner shell by the pressure compensating assembly;
the height of the first support frame is adjusted to enable the sounding component to be located at the set height, and the angle of the guide rail in the vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod to be arranged along the vertical direction;
The locking piece is disassembled to release the sounding component, the probe rod vertically moves downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide pipe, and the probe penetrates into the sample in the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
According to the free falling type sounding simulation device, vertical pressure is applied to the sample in the inner shell through the pressure compensation assembly, the condition that the pressure is lack at the top of the sample due to the fact that the guide pipe is communicated with the outside can be compensated, the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate. The stress state of the true stratum subsoil under various working conditions can be simulated by controlling the pressure of water in the water cavity and the vertical force applied by the pressure compensation component. The angle of guide rail in vertical plane is adjustable to make the probe rod keep in vertical direction, the height-adjustable of first support frame, the penetration rate of the penetration assembly of being convenient for change can simulate multiple operating mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a free-fall sounding simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a free-falling type sounding simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of a free-falling type sounding simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. A base;
21. A housing; 211. a top cover; 212. a bottom cover; 213. a sidewall;
22. an inner case; 221. an upper cover; 222. a lower cover; 223. a flexible water-blocking film;
23. A water chamber;
3. A guide tube;
4. a feeler assembly; 41. a probe rod; 42. a probe; 43. balancing weight;
5. a pressure compensation assembly; 51. a second support frame; 511. a longitudinal beam; 512. a cross beam; 52. a cylinder; 53. an adapter plate;
61. a first support frame; 611. a fixing frame; 612. a moving rack;
62. a guide rail;
63. an adjustment assembly; 631. a support rod; 632. a screw; 633. a transfer block;
7. A connecting block;
8. And a limiting block.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a free-falling type sounding simulation apparatus, which includes a base 1, a consolidation bin, a guide tube 3 and a sounding assembly 4, wherein the consolidation bin is disposed on the base 1, the consolidation bin includes an outer shell 21 and an inner shell 22 located in the outer shell 21, the inner shell 22 is used for holding a sample, and a water cavity 23 is formed between the inner shell 22 and the outer shell 21; one end of the guide tube 3 is fixedly connected with the inner shell 22 and communicated with the interior of the inner shell 22, and the other end extends out of the outer shell 21; the feeler assembly 4 comprises a feeler lever 41 and a probe 42, the feeler lever 41 being arranged facing the guide tube 3, the probe 42 being able to penetrate into the sample.
The free-falling type sounding simulation device also comprises a pressure compensation component 5 and an adjusting bracket, wherein the pressure compensation component 5 is arranged above the consolidation bin, and can apply vertical pressure to a sample in the inner shell 22 through the guide pipe 3; the adjusting support is arranged on the base 1 and comprises a first support frame 61 and a guide rail 62 connected with the first support frame 61, the height of the first support frame 61 is adjustable, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in a vertical plane is adjustable; the feeler assembly 4 is slidingly coupled to the rail 62 and locked by a locking member.
In the test, a sample is placed in the inner shell 22, water is filled in the water cavity 23, and vacuum saturation treatment is carried out on the sample; applying a vertical pressure to the sample within the inner shell 22 by the pressure compensating assembly 5; the height of the first supporting frame 61 is adjusted so that the feeler assembly 4 is positioned at the set height, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjusted so that the feeler lever 41 is arranged along the vertical direction; the locking member is removed to release the feeler assembly 4, the feeler lever 41 is moved vertically downwards under the action of gravity into the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 penetrates into the sample of the consolidation chamber to obtain the mechanical parameters.
The vertical pressure is applied to the sample in the inner shell 22 through the pressure compensation component 5, so that the condition of lack of pressure at the top of the sample caused by communication between the guide pipe 3 and the outside can be compensated, the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate. By controlling the pressure of the water in the water chamber 23 and the vertical force exerted by the pressure compensation assembly 5, the stress state of the earth under the actual stratum under various working conditions can be simulated. The angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjustable, so that the probe rod 41 is kept in the vertical direction, the height of the first support frame 61 is adjustable, the penetration speed of the penetration assembly 4 is convenient to change, and various working conditions can be simulated.
The inner case 22 includes an upper cover 221, a lower cover 222, and a flexible waterproof film 223 disposed between the upper cover 221 and the lower cover 222, and the lower end of the guide tube 3 is fixedly connected with the upper cover 221. The inner shell 22 is used for containing a sample, and the flexible waterproof membrane 223 has certain elasticity and can not apply external force to the sample, so that the condition of the sample is closer to the actual working condition. The guide tube 3 is screwed with the upper cover 221 and is sealed by a rubber ring.
The housing 21 includes a top cover 211, a bottom cover 212, and a side wall 213 disposed between the top cover 211 and the bottom cover 212, wherein the top cover 211 is provided with an air inlet hole and a water inlet hole communicated with the water cavity 23, and the bottom of the side wall 213 is provided with a water outlet hole communicated with the water cavity 23. The housing 21 is made of organic glass, and the top cover 211 and the side wall 213 are fastened by screws and sealed by rubber rings. The air can be introduced into the water cavity 23 through the air inlet holes, the air inlet holes are connected with the air compressor through the valve and the guide pipe, and different air pressures can be introduced into the water cavity 23 through the air inlet holes so as to simulate different stress conditions.
The upper cover 221 is provided with a first drain hole, the top cover 211 is provided with a second drain hole, and the water cavity 23 is internally provided with a pipeline which is communicated with the first drain hole and the second drain hole. When the inner casing 22 is pressed, water in the sample is discharged through the first drain hole, the pipe, and the second drain hole.
Wherein, first wash port can set up a plurality of, and corresponding second wash port and pipeline also are provided with a plurality of to improve drainage efficiency.
The top cover 211 is provided with a mounting hole, the guide tube 3 is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the guide tube 3 can be locked and fixed with the top cover 211. Specifically, a flange is provided on the guide tube 3, and a rubber ring is provided between the flange and the top cover 211 for sealing and locking by screws.
When the pressure compensating assembly 5 presses the guide tube 3, the guide tube 3 can slide with respect to the top cover 211 to transmit the pressure to the upper cover 221 of the inner case 22. When the pressing force reaches the set value, the guide tube 3 may be locked with the top cover 211 to prevent the guide tube 3 from being displaced.
The pressure compensation component 5 comprises a second support frame 51, an air cylinder 52 and an adapter plate 53, wherein the second support frame 51 is connected with the base 1, the air cylinder 52 is arranged on the second support frame 51, the output end of the air cylinder 52 is fixedly connected with the adapter plate 53, and the adapter plate 53 is fixedly connected with the guide tube 3. The output end of the air cylinder 52 applies force to the adapter plate 53, and the adapter plate 53 transmits force to the guide tube 3, so that the sample in the inner shell 22 is applied with force through the guide tube 3.
The cylinders 52 are provided with at least two, at least two cylinders 52 are arranged at equal intervals around the circumference of the housing 21, and the output end of each cylinder 52 is connected with the adapter plate 53. The output ends of the cylinders 52 synchronously move to apply force to the adapter plates 53 at the same time, so that the guide tube 3 is uniformly stressed.
The second support frame 51 includes longeron 511 and crossbeam 512, and two longeron 511 interval settings, and the one end and the base 1 fixed connection of longeron 511, crossbeam 512 set up between two longerons 511 and with longeron 511 fixed setting, cylinder 52 is fixed in on the crossbeam 512.
The adjusting bracket comprises a fixing bracket 611 and a moving bracket 612, wherein the fixing bracket 611 is fixedly connected with the base 1, a plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the fixing bracket 611 along the vertical direction, a second threaded hole is formed in the moving bracket 612, and the second threaded hole and the first threaded hole can be connected through bolts. By connecting the second threaded hole with a different first threaded hole, the relative position of the fixed frame 611 and the movable frame 612 can be changed, and thus the height of the adjustment bracket can be changed to adjust the falling height of the feeler assembly 4. The number of the second threaded holes may be one or more, and is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the fixing frame 611 is a hollow steel pipe, and one end of the moving frame 612 can be inserted into the fixing frame 611.
The guide rail 62 is connected with the movable frame 612 through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises two groups of adjusting components 63 which are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, each adjusting component 63 comprises a supporting rod 631, a screw 632 and an adapter 633, the supporting rods 631 are fixedly connected with the movable frame 612, and the screw 632 is arranged on the supporting rods 631 in a penetrating manner and is in threaded connection with the supporting rods 631; the adapter 633 is fixedly connected with the guide rail 62, the adapter 633 is provided with a containing groove, and one end of the screw 632 is inserted into the containing groove. By rotating the screw 632 such that the screw 632 moves linearly along the support rod 631, one end of the screw 632 pushes the transfer block 633 to thereby act on the guide rail 62 to adjust the angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane.
The guide rail 62 is provided with a level gauge, so that the angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane can be conveniently observed through the level gauge, and the probe rod 41 can be ensured to vertically fall.
The probe rod 41 is provided with the connecting block 7 far away from the one end of probe 42, and connecting block 7 and guide rail 62 sliding connection just can be fixed through the locking pin, when extracting the locking pin, under the action of the gravity of probe rod 41, connecting block 7 slides down along guide rail 62, because the mass of probe rod 41 is great, and the gravity of probe rod 41 is greater than the frictional force between connecting block 7 and the guide rail 62 far away, therefore the frictional force is negligible, thinks that probe rod 41 is doing free falling motion.
The connecting block 7 is provided with a balancing weight 43 to change the mass of the probe rod 41, and ensure that the center of gravity of the probe rod 41 is located on the center line of the probe rod 41. Specifically, the balancing weights 43 are disc-shaped, and a plurality of balancing weights 43 can be arranged on the probe rod 41, and the number of the balancing weights 43 can be adjusted according to the requirement. One end of the probe rod 41 is provided with threads, the balancing weight 43 can be in threaded connection with the probe rod 41, and the mass of the balancing weight 43 can be selected according to actual needs, so that penetration tests of the probe rod 41 with different weights are realized.
The lower extreme of guide rail 62 is provided with stopper 8, and in the normal test process, connecting block 7 has not slid stopper 8 department yet, and the speed of probe rod 41 descends to 0 promptly, but the setting of stopper 8 can prevent that connecting block 7 from breaking away from guide rail 62.
The guide tube 3 is arranged on the limiting block 8 in a penetrating mode, a limiting nut is arranged at the upper end of the guide tube 3, the guide tube 3 can be locked and fixed, and the guide tube 3 is prevented from shifting in the penetrating process of the probe rod 41.
The probe 42 can measure and record indexes such as acceleration, cone tip resistance, side friction resistance, pore water pressure and the like in the penetrating process in real time, the probe 42 is a pore pressure double-bridge strain type probe, and the cone tip area is 10cm 2. The probe 41 is hollow to facilitate threading.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a free-falling type sounding simulation method, which adopts the free-falling type sounding simulation device and comprises the following steps:
The inner shell 22 is filled with the sample, the water cavity 23 is filled with water, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
applying a vertical pressure to the sample within the inner shell 22 by the pressure compensating assembly 5;
The height of the first supporting frame 61 is adjusted so that the feeler assembly 4 is positioned at the set height, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjusted so that the feeler lever 41 is arranged along the vertical direction;
The locking member is removed to release the feeler assembly 4, the feeler lever 41 is moved vertically downwards under the action of gravity into the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 penetrates into the sample of the consolidation chamber to obtain the mechanical parameters.
Wherein the sample is mud or sand. The saturation treatment of the slurry sample comprises: the gas in the slurry is pumped by a vacuum pump to realize vacuum saturation. The saturation treatment of the sand sample comprises: and filling dry sand, and then continuously pumping and filling water to realize sand saturation.
One end of the guide tube 3 is fixed with the upper cover 221, the guide tube 3 penetrates through the top cover 211 and the limiting block 8, the middle part of the guide tube 3 is fixed with the adapter plate 53, the air cylinder 52 applies force to the guide tube 3 through the adapter plate 53, the force can be transmitted to the upper cover 221, and the guide tube 3 can slide relative to the top cover 211 and the limiting block 8.
The air compressor pressurizes the water cavity 23 through the inlet port on the top cap 211 of the shell 21, and through controlling air pressure, cylinder 52 pressure and water pressure, different ground stress conditions are simulated, so that the sample drainage is consolidated until the sedimentation rate of the sample meets the requirement. At this time, the guide tube 3 and the top cover 211 can be locked and fixed.
The height of the first supporting frame 61 is adjusted according to the penetration speed of the experimental requirements. The mass of the weight 43 is adjusted according to the experimental requirements. The angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjusted so that the guide rail 62 extends in the vertical direction, and the connecting block 7 is fixed to the guide rail 62 by the lock pin so that the probe rod 41 is disposed in the vertical direction.
The locking member, i.e. the locking pin, is removed to release the feeler assembly 4, the feeler lever 41 is moved vertically downwards under the action of gravity into the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 penetrates into the sample of the consolidation chamber to obtain the mechanical parameters.
The above embodiments merely illustrate the basic principle and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but may be varied and altered without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A free-fall penetration simulation device, comprising:
A base (1);
The consolidation bin is arranged on the base (1) and comprises an outer shell (21) and an inner shell (22) positioned in the outer shell (21), the inner shell (22) is used for containing samples, and a water cavity (23) is formed between the inner shell (22) and the outer shell (21);
One end of the guide pipe (3) is fixedly connected with the inner shell (22) and communicated with the inside of the inner shell (22), and the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer shell (21);
A pressure compensation assembly (5) which is arranged above the consolidation bin and can apply vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell (22) through the guide pipe (3);
the adjusting bracket is arranged on the base (1) and comprises a first supporting frame (61) and a guide rail (62) connected with the first supporting frame (61), the height of the first supporting frame (61) is adjustable, and the angle of the guide rail (62) in a vertical plane is adjustable;
The feeler assembly (4) is connected with the guide rail (62) in a sliding manner and is locked by a locking piece, the feeler assembly (4) comprises a feeler lever (41) and a probe (42), the feeler lever (41) is opposite to the guide pipe (3), and the probe (42) can penetrate into the sample;
The inner shell (22) comprises an upper cover (221), a lower cover (222) and a flexible waterproof membrane (223) arranged between the upper cover (221) and the lower cover (222), and the lower end of the guide tube (3) is fixedly connected with the upper cover (221);
The shell (21) comprises a top cover (211), a bottom cover (212) and a side wall (213) arranged between the top cover (211) and the bottom cover (212), wherein the top cover (211) is provided with an air inlet hole and a water inlet hole which are communicated with the water cavity (23), and the bottom of the side wall (213) is provided with a water outlet hole which is communicated with the water cavity (23);
The top cover (211) is provided with a mounting hole, the guide pipe (3) is arranged in the mounting hole in a penetrating mode, and the guide pipe (3) can be locked and fixed with the top cover (211);
the pressure compensation assembly (5) comprises a second support frame (51), an air cylinder (52) and an adapter plate (53), wherein the second support frame (51) is connected with the base (1), the air cylinder (52) is arranged on the second support frame (51), the output end of the air cylinder (52) is fixedly connected with the adapter plate (53), and the adapter plate (53) is fixedly connected with the guide tube (3).
2. The free-falling sounding simulation apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the air cylinders (52) are provided with at least two, at least two of the air cylinders (52) are disposed at regular intervals around the circumference of the housing (21), and an output end of each air cylinder (52) is connected with the adapter plate (53).
3. The free-falling sounding simulation apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first supporting frame (61) comprises a fixing frame (611) and a moving frame (612), the fixing frame (611) is fixedly connected with the base (1), a plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the fixing frame (611) along a vertical direction, a second threaded hole is formed in the moving frame (612), and the second threaded hole and the first threaded hole can be connected through bolts.
4. A free-falling penetration simulator according to claim 3, wherein the guide rail (62) and the mobile frame (612) are connected by an adjusting mechanism comprising two groups of adjusting assemblies (63) arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, the adjusting assemblies (63) comprising:
a support rod (631) fixedly connected with the movable frame (612);
the screw rod (632) is arranged in the support rod (631) in a penetrating way and is in threaded connection with the support rod (631);
the adapter block (633) is fixedly connected with the guide rail (62), a containing groove is formed in the adapter block (633), and one end of the screw rod (632) is inserted into the containing groove.
5. The free-falling type sounding simulation apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein a connecting block (7) is provided at an end of the probe (41) far away from the probe (42), the connecting block (7) is slidably connected with the guide rail (62) and can be fixed by a locking pin, and a balancing weight (43) is provided on the connecting block (7).
6. A free-falling type sounding simulation method, characterized in that the free-falling type sounding simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted, comprising:
The inner shell (22) is filled with a sample, the water cavity (23) is filled with water, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
applying a vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell (22) by means of the pressure compensation assembly (5);
The height of the first supporting frame (61) is adjusted to enable the feeler assembly (4) to be located at the set height, and the angle of the guide rail (62) in the vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod (41) to be arranged along the vertical direction;
The locking piece is disassembled to release the feeler assembly (4), the feeler lever (41) vertically moves downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide tube (3), and the probe (42) penetrates into the sample of the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
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