CN112378787A - Free-falling type sounding simulation device and method - Google Patents
Free-falling type sounding simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378787A CN112378787A CN202011294484.7A CN202011294484A CN112378787A CN 112378787 A CN112378787 A CN 112378787A CN 202011294484 A CN202011294484 A CN 202011294484A CN 112378787 A CN112378787 A CN 112378787A
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
- G01N2203/0246—Special simulation of "in situ" conditions, scale models or dummies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0411—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a free-falling type penetration simulation device and a method, belonging to the technical field of marine geological detection, wherein the free-falling type penetration simulation device comprises: the consolidation bin comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, the inner shell is used for containing a sample, and a water cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell; one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the inner shell and communicated with the inside of the inner shell, and the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer shell; the pressure compensation assembly can apply vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell through the guide pipe; the sounding assembly comprises a probe rod and a probe, the probe rod is arranged right opposite to the guide tube, and the probe can penetrate into a sample. The free-falling penetration simulation method adopts the free-falling penetration simulation device, and the condition that the top of the sample is lack of pressure due to the fact that the guide pipe is communicated with the outside can be compensated through the pressure compensation assembly, so that the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of marine geological exploration, in particular to a free-falling type penetration simulation device and method.
Background
Static sounding is one of the most ideal in-situ test methods for obtaining physical and mechanical properties of soil bodies, and is widely applied to the aspects of determining foundation bearing capacity, non-drainage shear strength and the like. In recent years, offshore static sounding test equipment is developed and applied successively at home and abroad on the basis of the land static sounding technology. The requirements of offshore static sounding on test equipment, carrying ships and the like are high, so that further wide application of the offshore static sounding is limited, and a light, flexible and free-falling sounding test technology is developed.
The working principle of free-fall sounding is that the penetration device is released at a certain height, it is inserted into the sediment at a certain speed by its own weight, and the speed of the penetration device is gradually reduced to zero under the action of the sediment resistance. And acquiring the strength parameters of the seabed shallow sediment through the acceleration, the cone tip resistance, the side friction resistance, the pore water pressure and other data acquired in the penetration process.
The on-site test is time-consuming, labor-consuming and high in cost compared with the indoor test, so that the research of the high-precision indoor test for accumulating relevant data is a problem to be solved urgently. When carrying out the power penetration test among the prior art, because the probe rod needs to penetrate the sample, the top of sample needs and external contact, leads to partial area of sample to lack pressure, can not the true simulation operating condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a free-falling sounding simulation device and method to simulate actual working conditions more accurately.
As the conception, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a free-fall penetration simulation apparatus comprising:
a base;
the consolidation bin is arranged on the base and comprises an outer shell and an inner shell positioned in the outer shell, the inner shell is used for containing a sample, and a water cavity is formed between the inner shell and the outer shell;
one end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the inner shell and communicated with the inside of the inner shell, and the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer shell;
the pressure compensation assembly is arranged above the consolidation bin and can apply vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell through the guide pipe;
the adjusting bracket is arranged on the base and comprises a first supporting frame and a guide rail connected with the first supporting frame, the height of the first supporting frame can be adjusted, and the angle of the guide rail in a vertical plane can be adjusted;
the sounding subassembly, with guide rail sliding connection just locks through the retaining member, the sounding subassembly includes probe rod and probe, the probe rod is just right the stand pipe setting, the probe can penetrate in the sample.
The inner shell comprises an upper cover, a lower cover and a flexible water-stop film arranged between the upper cover and the lower cover, and the lower end of the guide pipe is fixedly connected with the upper cover.
The shell comprises a top cover, a bottom cover and a side wall arranged between the top cover and the bottom cover, wherein the top cover is provided with an air inlet and a water inlet communicated with the water cavity, and the bottom of the side wall is provided with a drain hole communicated with the water cavity.
The top cover is provided with a mounting hole, the guide pipe penetrates through the mounting hole and can be locked and fixed with the top cover.
The pressure compensation assembly comprises a second support frame, a cylinder and an adapter plate, the second support frame is connected with the base, the cylinder is arranged on the second support frame, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected with the adapter plate, and the adapter plate is fixedly connected with the guide pipe.
The air cylinders are arranged at least two and are arranged around the shell at even intervals in the circumferential direction, and the output end of each air cylinder is connected with the adapter plate.
The first support frame comprises a fixing frame and a moving frame, the fixing frame is fixedly connected with the base, a plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the fixing frame in the vertical direction, a second threaded hole is formed in the moving frame, and the second threaded hole is connected with the first threaded holes through bolts.
Wherein, the guide rail with remove and connect through adjustment mechanism between the frame, adjustment mechanism includes along two sets of adjusting part of vertical direction interval setting, adjusting part includes:
the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the movable frame;
the screw rod penetrates through the supporting rod and is in threaded connection with the supporting rod;
the transfer block is fixedly connected with the guide rail, an accommodating groove is formed in the transfer block, and one end of the screw rod is inserted into the accommodating groove.
Wherein, the probe rod is kept away from the one end of probe is provided with the connecting block, the connecting block with guide rail sliding connection just can fix through the fitting pin, be provided with the balancing weight on the connecting block.
A free-fall penetration simulation method adopts the free-fall penetration simulation device, and comprises the following steps:
a sample is placed in the inner shell, water is filled in the water cavity, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
applying vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell through the pressure compensation assembly;
the height of the first support frame is adjusted to enable the sounding assembly to be located at a set height, and the angle of the guide rail in a vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod to be arranged in the vertical direction;
the locking piece is disassembled to release the sounding assembly, the probe rod vertically moves downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide pipe, and the probe penetrates into a sample in the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the free-falling penetration simulation device, vertical pressure is applied to the sample in the inner shell through the pressure compensation assembly, the condition that the top of the sample is lack of pressure due to the fact that the guide pipe is communicated with the outside can be compensated, the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate. By controlling the pressure of water in the water cavity and the vertical force applied by the pressure compensation assembly, the stress state of soil under the real stratum under various working conditions can be simulated. The angle of the guide rail in the vertical plane is adjustable, so that the probe rod is kept in the vertical direction, the height of the first support frame is adjustable, the penetration speed of the sounding assembly is convenient to change, and various working conditions can be simulated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a free-fall penetration simulation apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first partial structure of a free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a base;
21. a housing; 211. a top cover; 212. a bottom cover; 213. a side wall;
22. an inner shell; 221. an upper cover; 222. a lower cover; 223. a flexible water-barrier film;
23. a water chamber;
3. a guide tube;
4. a sounding assembly; 41. a probe rod; 42. a probe; 43. a balancing weight;
5. a pressure compensation assembly; 51. a second support frame; 511. a stringer; 512. a cross beam; 52. a cylinder; 53. an adapter plate;
61. a first support frame; 611. a fixed mount; 612. a movable frame;
62. a guide rail;
63. an adjustment assembly; 631. a support bar; 632. a screw; 633. a transfer block;
7. connecting blocks;
8. and a limiting block.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a free-fall type penetration test simulation apparatus, including a base 1, a consolidation bin, a guide tube 3, and a penetration test assembly 4, where the consolidation bin is disposed on the base 1, the consolidation bin includes an outer shell 21 and an inner shell 22 located in the outer shell 21, the inner shell 22 is used for containing a sample, and a water cavity 23 is formed between the inner shell 22 and the outer shell 21; one end of the guide pipe 3 is fixedly connected with the inner shell 22 and communicated with the inside of the inner shell 22, and the other end extends out of the outer shell 21; the sounding assembly 4 comprises a probe rod 41 and a probe 42, wherein the probe rod 41 is arranged opposite to the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 can penetrate into a sample.
The free-falling type penetration simulation device also comprises a pressure compensation assembly 5 and an adjusting bracket, wherein the pressure compensation assembly 5 is arranged above the consolidation bin and can apply vertical pressure to a sample in the inner shell 22 through the guide pipe 3; the adjusting bracket is arranged on the base 1 and comprises a first supporting frame 61 and a guide rail 62 connected with the first supporting frame 61, the height of the first supporting frame 61 can be adjusted, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in a vertical plane can be adjusted; feeler module 4 is slidingly coupled to rail 62 and is locked by a locking member.
During the test, a sample is placed in the inner shell 22, water is filled in the water cavity 23, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment; applying a vertical pressure to the sample within the inner shell 22 through the pressure compensating assembly 5; the height of the first support frame 61 is adjusted to enable the feeler module 4 to be located at a set height, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in a vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod 41 to be arranged in a vertical direction; the locking piece is disassembled to release the sounding assembly 4, the probe rod 41 moves vertically downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 penetrates into the sample of the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
Vertical pressure is applied to the sample in the inner shell 22 through the pressure compensation assembly 5, the condition that the top of the sample lacks pressure due to the fact that the guide pipe 3 is communicated with the outside can be compensated, the simulation working condition is closer to the actual working condition, and the obtained parameters are more accurate. By controlling the pressure of the water in the water cavity 23 and the vertical force applied by the pressure compensation assembly 5, the stress state of the soil under the real stratum under various working conditions can be simulated. The angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjustable, so that the probe rod 41 is kept in the vertical direction, the height of the first support frame 61 is adjustable, the penetration speed of the feeler module 4 can be changed conveniently, and various working conditions can be simulated.
The inner shell 22 includes an upper cover 221, a lower cover 222, and a flexible water-stop film 223 disposed between the upper cover 221 and the lower cover 222, and the lower end of the guide pipe 3 is fixedly connected to the upper cover 221. Be used for holding the sample in the inner shell 22, flexible water stop film 223 has certain elasticity, can not exert external force to the sample for the condition that the sample was located is closer to operating condition. The guide tube 3 is connected with the upper cover 221 through threads and sealed through a rubber ring.
The housing 21 includes a top cover 211, a bottom cover 212, and a sidewall 213 disposed between the top cover 211 and the bottom cover 212, the top cover 211 is provided with an air inlet and a water inlet communicated with the water chamber 23, and the bottom of the sidewall 213 is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water chamber 23. The housing 21 is made of organic glass, and the top cover 211 and the side wall 213 are fastened by screws and sealed by rubber rings. The water cavity 23 can be ventilated through the air inlet hole, the air inlet hole is connected with an air compressor through a valve and a conduit, and different air pressures can be introduced into the water cavity 23 through the air inlet hole so as to simulate different stress conditions.
The upper cover 221 is provided with a first drain hole, the top cover 211 is provided with a second drain hole, a pipeline is arranged in the water cavity 23, and the pipeline is communicated with the first drain hole and the second drain hole. When the inner case 22 is pressed, water in the sample is drained through the first drain hole, the pipe, and the second drain hole.
Wherein, first wash port can set up a plurality ofly, and corresponding second wash port and pipeline also are provided with a plurality ofly to improve drainage efficiency.
The mounting hole has been seted up on the top cap 211, and the stand pipe 3 wears to locate in the mounting hole and stand pipe 3 can be fixed with top cap 211 locking. Specifically, a flange is arranged on the guide pipe 3, and a rubber ring is arranged between the flange and the top cover 211 for sealing and locking through screws.
When the pressure compensating assembly 5 presses the guide tube 3, the guide tube 3 can slide with respect to the top cover 211 to transmit the pressure to the upper cover 221 of the inner case 22. When the pressing force reaches the set value, the guide tube 3 may be locked with the top cover 211 to prevent the guide tube 3 from being displaced.
The pressure compensation assembly 5 comprises a second support frame 51, a cylinder 52 and an adapter plate 53, the second support frame 51 is connected with the base 1, the cylinder 52 is arranged on the second support frame 51, the output end of the cylinder 52 is fixedly connected with the adapter plate 53, and the adapter plate 53 is fixedly connected with the guide pipe 3. The output end of the cylinder 52 applies a force to the adapter plate 53, and the adapter plate 53 transmits the force to the guide tube 3, thereby applying a force to the sample in the inner housing 22 through the guide tube 3.
The number of the cylinders 52 is at least two, the at least two cylinders 52 are uniformly arranged around the circumference of the shell 21 at intervals, and the output end of each cylinder 52 is connected with the adapter plate 53. The output ends of the respective cylinders 52 are moved synchronously to apply force to the adapter plate 53 at the same time, ensuring uniform force application to the guide tube 3.
The second support frame 51 comprises longitudinal beams 511 and a cross beam 512, the two longitudinal beams 511 are arranged at intervals, one end of each longitudinal beam 511 is fixedly connected with the base 1, the cross beam 512 is arranged between the two longitudinal beams 511 and is fixedly arranged with the longitudinal beams 511, and the air cylinder 52 is fixed on the cross beam 512.
The adjusting bracket comprises a fixed frame 611 and a movable frame 612, the fixed frame 611 is fixedly connected with the base 1, a plurality of first threaded holes are formed in the fixed frame 611 in the vertical direction, a second threaded hole is formed in the movable frame 612, and the second threaded hole can be connected with the first threaded hole through a bolt. By connecting the second threaded hole with a different first threaded hole, the relative positions of the fixed frame 611 and the movable frame 612 can be changed, and the height of the adjusting bracket can be changed, so that the falling height of the feeler module 4 can be adjusted. The number of the second threaded holes may be one or more, and is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the fixing frame 611 is a hollow steel pipe, and one end of the movable frame 612 can be inserted into the fixing frame 611.
The guide rail 62 is connected with the moving frame 612 through an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises two groups of adjusting components 63 which are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction, each adjusting component 63 comprises a support rod 631, a screw 632 and a switching block 633, the support rods 631 are fixedly connected with the moving frame 612, and the screws 632 penetrate through the support rods 631 and are in threaded connection with the support rods 631; the adaptor block 633 is fixedly connected to the guide rail 62, a receiving groove is provided on the adaptor block 633, and one end of the screw 632 is inserted into the receiving groove. By rotating the screw 632, the screw 632 moves linearly along the support rod 631, and one end of the screw 632 pushes the transition block 633, which in turn acts on the guide rail 62, so as to adjust the angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane.
Be provided with the spirit level on the guide rail 62, be convenient for observe the angle of guide rail 62 in the vertical plane through the spirit level, guarantee probe 41 can vertical whereabouts.
One end of the probe rod 41, which is far away from the probe 42, is provided with the connecting block 7, the connecting block 7 is in sliding connection with the guide rail 62 and can be fixed through the locking pin, when the locking pin is pulled out, the connecting block 7 slides downwards along the guide rail 62 under the action of gravity of the probe rod 41, and because the mass of the probe rod 41 is large, the gravity of the probe rod 41 is far greater than the friction force between the connecting block 7 and the guide rail 62, the friction force can be ignored, and the probe rod 41 is considered to be in free falling motion.
The connecting block 7 is provided with a balancing weight 43 to change the mass of the probe rod 41 and ensure that the center of gravity of the probe rod 41 is located on the center line of the probe rod 41. Specifically, the weight blocks 43 are disc-shaped, and the probe rod 41 can be provided with a plurality of weight blocks 43, so that the number of the weight blocks 43 can be adjusted as required. One end of the probe rod 41 is provided with a thread, the balancing weight 43 can be in threaded connection with the probe rod 41, the mass of the balancing weight 43 can be selected according to actual needs, and penetration tests of the probe rod 41 with different weights are achieved.
The lower extreme of guide rail 62 is provided with stopper 8, and in the normal test process, connecting block 7 has not slided stopper 8 department, and the speed of probe rod 41 descends to 0 promptly, but the setting of stopper 8 can prevent that connecting block 7 from breaking away from guide rail 62.
The stand pipe 3 is worn to locate on the stopper 8, and the upper end of stand pipe 3 is provided with stop nut, can lock fixed stand pipe 3, prevents that probe rod 41 from penetrating in-process stand pipe 3 and taking place to shift.
The probe 42 can measure and record the indexes such as acceleration, cone tip resistance, side friction resistance and pore water pressure in the penetration process in real time, the probe 42 is a pore pressure double bridge strain type probe, and the area of the cone tip is 10cm2. The probe 41 is hollow inside to facilitate threading.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a free-falling penetration simulation method, which adopts the free-falling penetration simulation device and comprises the following steps:
a sample is contained in the inner shell 22, water is filled in the water cavity 23, and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
applying a vertical pressure to the sample within the inner shell 22 through the pressure compensating assembly 5;
the height of the first support frame 61 is adjusted to enable the feeler module 4 to be located at a set height, and the angle of the guide rail 62 in a vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod 41 to be arranged in a vertical direction;
the locking piece is disassembled to release the sounding assembly 4, the probe rod 41 moves vertically downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 penetrates into the sample of the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
Wherein, the sample is mud or sandy soil. The slurry sample is subjected to saturation treatment, and the saturation treatment comprises the following steps: and pumping gas in the slurry by using a vacuum pump to realize vacuum saturation. The sand sample is subjected to saturation treatment, and the saturation treatment comprises the following steps: and filling dry sand, and then continuously pumping air and filling water to realize sand saturation.
One end and the upper cover 221 of stand pipe 3 are fixed, and top cap 211 and stopper 8 are worn to locate by stand pipe 3, and the middle part and the keysets 53 of stand pipe 3 are fixed, and cylinder 52 passes through keysets 53 to the application of force of stand pipe 3, and power can be transmitted to upper cover 221, and stand pipe 3 can slide for top cap 211 and stopper 8.
The air compressor pressurizes the water cavity 23 through an air inlet hole in the top cover 211 of the shell 21, and different ground stress conditions are simulated by controlling air pressure, air cylinder 52 pressure and water pressure, so that the drainage and consolidation of the sample are realized until the sedimentation rate of the sample meets the requirement. At this time, the guide tube 3 and the top cover 211 can be locked and fixed.
The height of the first support frame 61 is adjusted according to the penetration speed required by the experiment. According to the experiment demand, adjust the quality of balancing weight 43. The angle of the guide rail 62 in the vertical plane is adjusted so that the guide rail 62 extends in the vertical direction, and the connecting block 7 is fixed to the guide rail 62 by the locking pin so that the probe rod 41 is disposed in the vertical direction.
The locking piece, i.e. the locking pin, is removed to release the feeler module 4, the feeler lever 41 is moved vertically downwards under the action of gravity into the guide tube 3, and the probe 42 is inserted into the sample of the consolidation chamber to obtain the mechanical parameters.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and features of this invention, which is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather is susceptible to various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A free-fall penetration simulation apparatus, comprising:
a base (1);
the consolidation bin is arranged on the base (1) and comprises an outer shell (21) and an inner shell (22) positioned in the outer shell (21), the inner shell (22) is used for containing a sample, and a water cavity (23) is formed between the inner shell (22) and the outer shell (21);
one end of the guide pipe (3) is fixedly connected with the inner shell (22) and communicated with the inside of the inner shell (22), and the other end of the guide pipe extends out of the outer shell (21);
the pressure compensation assembly (5) is arranged above the consolidation bin and can apply vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell (22) through the guide pipe (3);
the adjusting bracket is arranged on the base (1) and comprises a first supporting frame (61) and a guide rail (62) connected with the first supporting frame (61), the height of the first supporting frame (61) can be adjusted, and the angle of the guide rail (62) in a vertical plane can be adjusted;
sounding subassembly (4), with guide rail (62) sliding connection just locks through the retaining member, sounding subassembly (4) are including probe rod (41) and probe (42), probe rod (41) are just right guide tube (3) set up, probe (42) can penetrate in the sample.
2. The free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner casing (22) comprises an upper cover (221), a lower cover (222), and a flexible waterproof membrane (223) disposed between the upper cover (221) and the lower cover (222), and the lower end of the guide pipe (3) is fixedly connected to the upper cover (221).
3. The free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the housing (21) comprises a top cover (211), a bottom cover (212), and a side wall (213) disposed between the top cover (211) and the bottom cover (212), the top cover (211) is provided with an air inlet hole and an water inlet hole communicated with the water chamber (23), and the bottom of the side wall (213) is provided with a water outlet hole communicated with the water chamber (23).
4. The free-fall sounding simulation device according to claim 3, wherein the top cover (211) is provided with a mounting hole, the guide tube (3) is inserted into the mounting hole, and the guide tube (3) can be locked and fixed with the top cover (211).
5. The free-fall penetration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure compensation assembly (5) comprises a second support frame (51), a cylinder (52) and an adapter plate (53), the second support frame (51) is connected with the base (1), the cylinder (52) is arranged on the second support frame (51), the output end of the cylinder (52) is fixedly connected with the adapter plate (53), and the adapter plate (53) is fixedly connected with the guide pipe (3).
6. The free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the number of the cylinders (52) is at least two, at least two of the cylinders (52) are arranged at regular intervals around the circumference of the housing (21), and an output end of each of the cylinders (52) is connected to the adapter plate (53).
7. The free-fall penetration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein the first support frame (61) comprises a fixed frame (611) and a movable frame (612), the fixed frame (611) is fixedly connected with the base (1), the fixed frame (611) is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes along a vertical direction, the movable frame (612) is provided with second threaded holes, and the second threaded holes and the first threaded holes can be connected through bolts.
8. The free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the guide rail (62) is connected to the moving frame (612) through an adjustment mechanism, the adjustment mechanism comprises two sets of adjustment assemblies (63) spaced apart in a vertical direction, and the adjustment assemblies (63) comprise:
a support rod (631) fixedly connected with the movable frame (612);
the screw rod (632) penetrates through the support rod (631) and is in threaded connection with the support rod (631);
the adapter block (633) is fixedly connected with the guide rail (62), a containing groove is formed in the adapter block (633), and one end of the screw rod (632) is inserted into the containing groove.
9. The free-fall penetration simulation device according to claim 1, wherein a connecting block (7) is arranged at one end of the probe rod (41) far away from the probe (42), the connecting block (7) is slidably connected with the guide rail (62) and can be fixed through a locking pin, and a balancing weight (43) is arranged on the connecting block (7).
10. A free-fall penetration simulation method using the free-fall penetration simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
a sample is placed in the inner shell (22), water is filled in the water cavity (23), and the sample is subjected to vacuum saturation treatment;
applying a vertical pressure to the sample in the inner shell (22) through the pressure compensation assembly (5);
the height of the first support frame (61) is adjusted to enable the sounding assembly (4) to be located at a set height, and the angle of the guide rail (62) in a vertical plane is adjusted to enable the probe rod (41) to be arranged in the vertical direction;
the locking piece is disassembled to release the sounding assembly (4), the probe rod (41) vertically moves downwards under the action of gravity to enter the guide pipe (3), and the probe (42) penetrates into a sample of the consolidation bin to obtain mechanical parameters.
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