CN112378366A - Large-scale cylindricity appearance air supporting automatic aligning device - Google Patents
Large-scale cylindricity appearance air supporting automatic aligning device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112378366A CN112378366A CN202011219485.5A CN202011219485A CN112378366A CN 112378366 A CN112378366 A CN 112378366A CN 202011219485 A CN202011219485 A CN 202011219485A CN 112378366 A CN112378366 A CN 112378366A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B21/24—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing alignment of axes
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Abstract
The invention relates to an air-flotation automatic aligning device of a large cylindricity instrument, wherein the horizontal projection of a platform is square, air-flotation table monomers are arranged at four corners of the platform, two adjacent corners of the platform are respectively provided with a servo motor arranged on the platform, the other two adjacent corners are respectively provided with a fixed block, the output end of each servo motor is provided with an air-flotation rectangular guide rail, one end of each air-flotation rectangular guide rail is directly connected with the output end of the servo motor, the other end of each air-flotation rectangular guide rail is connected with one air-flotation table monomer, the linear motion directions output by the two servo motors are orthogonal and vertical, the two air-flotation rectangular guide rails are both connected with an air source through air pipes, and the other two air; connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of each air floating platform monomer, a coupling connecting rod is arranged between every two adjacent air floating platform monomers, and two ends of each coupling connecting rod are respectively connected with the connecting blocks on the two adjacent air floating platform monomers. The invention has simple and reliable structure, high aligning efficiency and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of large cylindricity meters, and particularly relates to an air floatation automatic centering device of a large cylindricity meter.
Background
In the manufacture of high-quality products and the construction of high-efficiency production environments, measurement techniques play a critical role, and their importance is increasing day by day. The large high-precision cylindricity instrument is used as a key measuring instrument for measuring form and position errors such as roundness, cylindricity and coaxiality of revolving body workpieces such as rings and columns, and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like. Particularly, in the present day of rapid development of international production and global economy integration, in order to realize good interchangeability of high-precision parts, a high-precision cylindricity instrument is required to have higher measurement precision and measurement efficiency. According to the working principle of the high-precision cylindricity instrument, the axis of the workpiece to be measured is coaxial with the rotation axis of the measuring instrument, and the measuring precision can be ensured. However, in actual operation, coaxiality is often difficult to achieve, and the measurement accuracy of the cylindricity instrument is seriously influenced by the existence of the eccentricity.
Most of traditional high-precision cylindricity meters produced in China adopt a manual centering method, time and labor are wasted, the measurement precision is low, and how to realize automatic centering is always a bottleneck limiting the measurement precision and the measurement efficiency. The special large-sized workpiece cylindricity instrument with the diameter of more than 2.5 meters and the weight of 3 tons is still blank at present; foreign instruments are too expensive and have high requirements on measurement environments, so that the application of the instruments in the domestic market is limited. Therefore, the study of the automatic centering technology of the large high-precision cylindricity instrument is an important subject in the measurement field at present.
Currently, there are two general types of cylindricity instrument aligning methods:
the rotary table is small in size, a workpiece is arranged on a rotary workbench, a measuring head is arranged on a fixed upright post, the workpiece rotates along with the rotary table during measurement, and the rotary table body structure cannot bear heavy large-size workpieces, so that the rotary table is not suitable for large rotary workpieces.
In the large floor mode, a workpiece is arranged on a fixed workbench, and a measuring head is arranged on a rotary main shaft. During measurement, the measuring head is in contact with or not in contact with the surface of a workpiece, and the rotating part of the instrument rotates for one circle; because the precision of the supporting bearing of the rotating part is extremely high, the measuring head generates a high-precision circular track for the measured surface during rotation, and the high-precision circular track is used for evaluating the precision and analyzing the process.
The large floor type workpiece has several kinds of center adjustment, one is to manually adjust the center of a circle to remove the eccentric amount, which wastes time and labor and has large difficulty and low precision; the other type is a large chuck type, the eccentric amount of the circle center of a workpiece is adjusted through the movement of different clamping jaws on the chuck, and the end face of the workpiece is subjected to friction damage due to the fact that the workpiece is heavy and has large friction force and the requirement on the structural strength of the chuck is very high; the other type is a double-layer guide rail sliding block mechanism which is perpendicular to each other, a servo motor or a stepping motor is driven to realize the aligning function, the defect is that the structure is complex, the accumulated error is large due to the double-layer guide rail sliding block and a plurality of fixed connecting pieces, and particularly the planeness of a positioning platform is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the existing large cylindricity instrument in aligning, the invention aims to provide an air-flotation automatic aligning device for the large cylindricity instrument. This automatic aligning device of air supporting has realized cylindricity appearance eccentricity gauge high accuracy automatic adjustment, and once automatic aligning, and the eccentricity amount just can reach the requirement, has realized the automatic aligning function of cylindricity appearance, and aligning efficiency obviously improves, provides technical support for constructing towards the digital integrated system of observing and controling of cylindricity appearance.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention comprises a platform and a linkage coupling air floatation base, wherein the horizontal projection of the platform is square, the linkage coupling air-floating base comprises a servo motor, an air-floating rectangular guide rail, a connecting block, a coupling connecting rod, a fixing block, a cross shaft sliding block and air-floating platform monomers, the air-floating platform monomers are arranged at four corners of the platform, two adjacent angles of the platform are respectively provided with a servo motor arranged on the platform, the other two adjacent angles are respectively provided with a fixed block, the output end of each servo motor is provided with an air-float rectangular guide rail, one end of the air-floating rectangular guide rail is directly connected with the output end of the servo motor, the other end of the air-floating rectangular guide rail is connected with one air-floating platform monomer, the linear motion directions output by the two servo motors are orthogonal and vertical, the two air-floating rectangular guide rails are both connected with an air source through air pipes, and the other two air-floating platform monomers are connected with two fixed blocks through cross shaft sliding blocks; connecting blocks are symmetrically installed on two sides of each air floating table, a coupling connecting rod is arranged between every two adjacent air floating table monomers, and two ends of each coupling connecting rod are connected with the connecting blocks on the two adjacent air floating table monomers respectively.
Wherein: a joint bearing and a mandrel are arranged between one end of the coupling connecting rod and the connecting block, one end of the joint bearing is connected with one end of the coupling connecting rod, a ball joint hinge hole is formed in the other end of the joint bearing, one end of the mandrel is installed in the ball joint hinge hole, and the other end of the mandrel is connected with the connecting block.
The coupling connecting rod is of a hollow structure, external threads are machined at two ends of the coupling connecting rod, and the external threads at the two ends are respectively matched and installed with the internal threads at one end of each of the two oscillating bearings.
The mandrel is sleeved with a pad cylinder, and the pad cylinder is located between the joint bearing and the connecting block.
And a guide rail sliding block is arranged on the air floating table monomer connected with the air floating rectangular guide rail, and the plane vertical direction of the output end of the air floating rectangular guide rail is orthogonally connected with the guide rail sliding block.
The four air floating table single bodies are arranged at equal heights, and the upper surfaces of the four air floating table single bodies are coplanar to form a horizontal reference surface which is used as a measuring working reference surface.
Four feet of the bottom surface of the platform are provided with feet.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1. according to the invention, four equal-height air floating platform monomers are connected together by adopting a coupling connecting rod, coupling linkage is carried out, a linkage coupling air floating base is formed on the marble platform contact surface, an air film pressure supporting air cushion has upward supporting force by utilizing the vacuum load air bearing principle, and meanwhile, a vacuum cavity sucks the air cushion downwards to form preload, so that the air cushion has large bearing rigidity and stable posture; self-centering and locking are realized by adjusting the existence of an air source; the air pressure and the vacuum negative pressure can be adjusted, and the device is suitable for multiple purposes.
2. The four equal-height air floating platform units are driven to be linked by a power source provided by two servo motors in the direction of an inner plane X, Y of the linkage coupling air floating base; the two groups of plane orthogonal guide cross sliding blocks are used for plane orthogonal guide, limit two motion directions and strokes of the plane X, Y, belong to driven end guide, and are matched with a power source to realize orthogonal translation centering; two groups of air-floating rectangular guide rails at the servo motor end are combined with guide rail sliding blocks to limit the orthogonal translation direction and the stroke, and the air-floating rectangular guide rails belong to driving end guiding.
3. The invention enables a large-sized workpiece to be in a floating state on the linkage coupling air floatation base, has very small friction force, can be driven to move by a low-power servo motor, and has simple and reliable structure, high aligning efficiency and high precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2A is a top view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2B is a front view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3A is a schematic perspective view of a linkage coupling air floatation base according to the present invention;
FIG. 3B is a front view of the linkage coupling air floatation base according to the present invention;
FIG. 3C is a top view of the linkage coupling air floatation base according to the present invention;
FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective view of a coupling link according to the present invention;
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the coupling link of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the air bearing table unit, the cross axle slide block and the fixing block according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram illustrating a use state of the present invention;
wherein: the device comprises a foundation 1, a platform 2, a linkage coupling air floatation base 3, a servo motor 4, an air floatation rectangular guide rail 5, a guide rail slide block 6, a connecting block 7, a coupling connecting rod 8, a joint bearing 9, a mandrel 10, a cushion cylinder 11, a fixing block 12, a cross shaft slide block 13 and an air floatation table monomer 14.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2A and fig. 2B, the present invention includes a platform 2 and a linkage coupling air-floating base 3, wherein the platform 2 is used as a basic bearing platform to ensure stability, the horizontal projection of the platform 2 is square, the platform 2 of the present embodiment is made of marble, four feet on the bottom surface of the platform 2 are provided with feet 1, and the flatness of the platform 2 can be adjusted to meet the requirements by adjusting the feet 1. The bottom margin 1 of the present embodiment is a commercially available product, which is purchased from machine tool accessory, llc of great wall, beijing, and has a model number CJMDT-03.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3A, fig. 3B and fig. 3C, a linkage coupling air floating base 3 is disposed on a platform 2, the linkage coupling air floating base 3 of this embodiment includes a servo motor 4, an air floating rectangular guide rail 5, a connecting block 7, a coupling connecting rod 8, a fixing block 12, a cross sliding block 13 and air floating table units 14, the air floating table units 14 are disposed at four corners of the platform 2, the four air floating table units 14 are disposed at equal heights, and upper surfaces of the four air floating table units 14 are coplanar to form a horizontal reference surface as a measurement working reference surface. Two adjacent angles of the platform 2 are respectively provided with a servo motor 4 arranged on the platform 2, the other two adjacent angles are respectively provided with a fixed block 12, and the linear motion directions output by the two servo motors 4 are orthogonal and vertical. The output of every servo motor 4 all is equipped with air supporting rectangular rail 5, and the one end of this air supporting rectangular rail 5 directly links with servo motor 4's output, and the other end is connected with an air supporting table monomer 14, and two air supporting rectangular rail 5 all connect the air supply through the trachea, and two other air supporting table monomers 14 are connected with two fixed blocks 12 through cross slider 13. The guide rail sliding block 6 is installed on the air floating table single body 14 connected with the air floating rectangular guide rail 5, the plane vertical direction of the output end of the air floating rectangular guide rail 5 is orthogonally connected with the guide rail sliding block 6 to form a plane X, Y direction guide structure, and the guide rail sliding block 6 limits the orthogonal translation distance. The air-floatation rectangular guide rail 5 of the embodiment is a commercially available product which is purchased from Tianjin Mitsui instruments and Equipment Co., Ltd., and has the model of DG-AB-L100; the guide rail sliding block 6 is a commercially available product, which is purchased from Taiwan silver HIWIN science and technology Co., Ltd, and has the model of SXR-33-160. The air-floating rectangular guide rail 5 of the embodiment is directly connected with the servo motor 4, the air-floating rectangular guide rail 5 has high rigidity, high torsional rigidity and high bearing capacity, a screw nut can be installed in the hollow center, and the servo motor 4 can drive the air-floating rectangular guide rail 5 to move in the linear direction conveniently. The connecting blocks 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of each air floating platform single body 14 to form a whole, a coupling connecting rod 8 is arranged between every two adjacent air floating platform single bodies 14, and two ends of each coupling connecting rod 8 are respectively connected with the connecting blocks 7 on the two adjacent air floating platform single bodies 14.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3A, fig. 4A and fig. 4B, a joint bearing 9 and a mandrel 10 are disposed between one end of the coupling link 8 and the connecting block 7, one end of the joint bearing 9 is connected to one end of the coupling link 8, the other end is provided with a ball joint hole, one end of the mandrel 10 is installed in the ball joint hole, and the other end is connected to the connecting block 7. The coupling connecting rod 8 of this embodiment is hollow structure, alleviates weight, and both ends have all been processed external screw thread, and the external screw thread at both ends is installed with the interior screw-thread fit of the one end of two joint bearings 9 respectively. A cushion cylinder 11 is sleeved outside the mandrel 10, and the cushion cylinder 11 is positioned between the joint bearing 9 and the connecting block 7. The mandrel 10 and the coupling connecting rod 8 form a hinged structure through a joint bearing 9, a rotation degree of freedom is provided, the whole linkage coupling air floatation base 3 can be conveniently mounted and dismounted, and the structure is simple and reliable. The spherical plain bearing 9 of this example is a commercially available product, model No. YTP LMUW-16, available from YHB, Korea.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, a cross slide 13 is installed between two fixed blocks 12 and two air bearing table units 14, the fixed blocks 12 belong to fixed parts, the air bearing table units 14 belong to moving parts, and the cross slide 13 limits the air bearing table units 14 to move only along the plane X, Y. The cross axle slide block 13 of the embodiment is a commercially available product which is purchased from Tianjin Mitsui instruments and Equipment Co., Ltd, and has the model of DG-HK-16-100.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the aligning device works, the workpiece is moved respectively along two directions which are orthogonal to the axis of the center of the workpiece and are perpendicular to each other until the measurement variation reaches the minimum, and at the moment, the centers of the workpieces can be considered to be overlapped. By utilizing the approximate circle center positioning method, the relative coordinates of the circle center of the large circular workpiece can be quickly and accurately positioned, so that the subsequent measurement is guided. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
as shown in fig. 3C and fig. 6, the two servo motors 4 and the two air-bearing rectangular guide rails 5 at the lower middle part of fig. 3C drive the assembly with the two air-bearing table units 14 as the main part to move orthogonally along the direction X, Y, and due to the connection of the coupling link 8, the four air-bearing table units 14 move together; as shown in fig. 2A, the servo motors 4 and the fixed blocks 12 are fixedly mounted at four corners of the plane of the platform 2, and the whole linkage coupling air-floating base 3 can only move orthogonally in two directions of the plane X, Y shown in fig. 2A under the limitation of a cross-shaped slider structure formed by the cross-axis slider 13 and the air-floating rectangular guide rail 5 in combination with the guide rail slider 6; for example, the servo motor 4 at the lower left corner is driven individually, the linkage coupling air-floating base 3 can only move in the X direction, the servo motor 4 at the lower right corner is driven individually, the linkage coupling air-floating base 3 can only move in the Y direction, when the two servo motors 4 are driven simultaneously, the linkage coupling air-floating base 3 can move simultaneously along the plane X, Y of the platform 2, the directions X, Y are perpendicular to each other, so that the motion is called orthogonal motion. Certainly, the X, Y direction is a plane coordinate system, and the movement locus of the linkage coupling air floatation base 3 can be calculated by the coordinate point of X, Y direction change, so that the purpose of removing the workpiece eccentricity can be achieved, that is, the centering function is achieved.
The invention is characterized in that four equal-height air floating platform monomers 14 are connected together by adopting a coupling connecting rod 8, coupled and linked, and form a linkage coupling air floating base 3 with the contact surface of a platform 2, an air film pressure supporting air cushion has upward supporting force by utilizing the vacuum load air bearing principle, and simultaneously a vacuum cavity sucks the air cushion to form a preload downwards, so that the air cushion has large and stable bearing rigidity. The large-sized workpiece is equivalent to a floating state on the linkage coupling air floatation base 3, only the cross shaft sliding block 13 and the guide rail sliding block 6 generate extremely small friction force when guiding, the servo motor 4 is very easy to drive, and the device has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, high precision and high aligning efficiency.
The air-floatation automatic aligning device of the large cylindricity meter can bear circular workpieces with the maximum weight of 3 tons and the maximum diameter size of 2.5 meters, and is vital to improving the key measurement precision and measurement efficiency of measuring the shape and position errors such as the roundness, cylindricity and coaxiality of the large circular ring, cylindrical and other revolving body workpieces and accurately positioning the circle center.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an automatic aligning device of large-scale cylindricity appearance air supporting which characterized in that: the air floatation table comprises a platform (2) and a linkage coupling air floatation base (3), wherein the horizontal projection of the platform (2) is square, the linkage coupling air floatation base (3) comprises servo motors (4), air floatation rectangular guide rails (5), connecting blocks (7), coupling connecting rods (8), fixing blocks (12), cross shaft sliding blocks (13) and air floatation table single bodies (14), the air floatation table single bodies (14) are arranged at four corners of the platform (2), the servo motors (4) arranged on the platform (2) are respectively arranged at two adjacent corners of the platform (2), the fixing blocks (12) are respectively arranged at two other adjacent corners, the air floatation rectangular guide rails (5) are respectively arranged at the output ends of the servo motors (4), one end of each air floatation rectangular guide rail (5) is directly connected with the output end of each servo motor (4), and the other end of each air floatation rectangular guide rail is connected with one air floatation table single body (14), the linear motion directions output by the two servo motors (4) are orthogonal and vertical, the two air-floating rectangular guide rails (5) are connected with an air source through air pipes, and the other two air-floating table monomers (14) are connected with two fixed blocks (12) through cross shaft sliding blocks (13); every connecting block (7) are installed to the bilateral symmetry of air supporting platform monomer (14), are equipped with between two adjacent air supporting platform monomers (14) coupling connecting rod (8), every the both ends of coupling connecting rod (8) are connected with connecting block (7) on two adjacent air supporting platform monomers (14) respectively.
2. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 1, wherein: a joint bearing (9) and a mandrel (10) are arranged between one end of the coupling connecting rod (8) and the connecting block (7) connected with the coupling connecting rod, one end of the joint bearing (9) is connected with one end of the coupling connecting rod (8), a ball head hinge hole is formed in the other end of the coupling connecting rod, one end of the mandrel (10) is installed in the ball head hinge hole, and the other end of the mandrel is connected with the connecting block (7).
3. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the coupling connecting rod (8) is of a hollow structure, external threads are machined at two ends of the coupling connecting rod, and the external threads at the two ends are respectively matched and installed with the internal threads at one end of each of the two joint bearings (9).
4. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the mandrel (10) is sleeved with a pad cylinder (11), and the pad cylinder (11) is located between the joint bearing (9) and the connecting block (7).
5. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 1, wherein: and a guide rail sliding block (6) is arranged on an air floating table single body (14) connected with the air floating rectangular guide rail (5), and the plane vertical direction of the output end of the air floating rectangular guide rail (5) is orthogonally connected with the guide rail sliding block (6).
6. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the four air floating table single bodies (14) are arranged at the same height, and the upper surfaces of the four air floating table single bodies (14) are coplanar to form a horizontal reference surface which is used as a measuring working reference surface.
7. The automatic air-float centering device of the large cylindricity instrument according to claim 1, wherein: four feet of the bottom surface of the platform (2) are provided with feet (1).
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| CN202011219485.5A CN112378366B (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Large-scale cylindricity appearance air supporting automatic aligning device |
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| CN202011219485.5A CN112378366B (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | Large-scale cylindricity appearance air supporting automatic aligning device |
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