CN112377249A - System and method for filling waste rock in goaf of fully mechanized top coal caving face - Google Patents
System and method for filling waste rock in goaf of fully mechanized top coal caving face Download PDFInfo
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- CN112377249A CN112377249A CN202011145247.4A CN202011145247A CN112377249A CN 112377249 A CN112377249 A CN 112377249A CN 202011145247 A CN202011145247 A CN 202011145247A CN 112377249 A CN112377249 A CN 112377249A
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- waste rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
- E21F13/06—Transport of mined material at or adjacent to the working face
- E21F13/066—Scraper chain conveyors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/02—Supporting means, e.g. shuttering, for filling-up materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/06—Filling-up mechanically
Abstract
The invention discloses a fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf waste rock filling system and a method, waste rock conveying equipment conveying and reversing throwing waste rock conveying machines can be used for filling waste rock into a goaf behind a return air crossheading, waste rock conveying equipment conveying, rear scraper conveyer and conveying forward throwing waste rock conveying machines are used for filling waste rock into the goaf behind a conveying crossheading, the whole rear goaf can be filled, the filling amount is large, the problems of large waste rock production amount and goaf filling can be effectively solved, the filling link is few, and the filling cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a system and a method for filling waste rock in a goaf of a fully mechanized top coal caving working face.
Background
At present, the following four mining methods are generally adopted for the ultra-thick coal seam in China: fully mechanized mining in layers, fully mechanized caving mining, large mining height mining and open pit mining. Fully-mechanized top coal caving is a coal mining process which is used for mining extra-thick coal seams.
A large amount of waste rocks are generated in the coal mining process, particularly the amount of the waste rocks generated by caving coal is large, and the content of the waste rocks in raw coal extracted by part of caving coal working faces is up to more than 30%.
With the national requirement on green coal mining, the problems of waste rock disposal and utilization are increasingly prominent.
In the prior art, the waste rock is treated by making bricks from the waste rock and then using the bricks in other building industries. The treatment mode has long period and high cost, and the filling material is needed when the goaf is filled, so that the actual requirement of coal mining and filling in the coal mine cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a goaf gangue filling system and method for a fully mechanized top coal caving working face.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf waste rock filling system which comprises a coal mining machine, a top coal caving hydraulic support, a rear scraper conveyor arranged at the rear part of the top coal caving hydraulic support, a front scraper conveyor arranged at the front part of the top coal caving hydraulic support, waste rock conveying equipment for conveying waste rock on the ground to the side of an air return down trough, a back down throwing waste rock conveyor for throwing the waste rock into the goaf on the side of the air return down trough, a forward throwing waste rock conveyor for throwing the waste rock into the goaf on the side of a conveying down trough and a ground transfer conveyor for outputting coal to the ground;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the transport crossheading side, the gangue conveying equipment conveys gangue to the return forward throwing gangue conveyor;
when the coal mining machine tunnels coal from the transportation crossheading side to the return air crossheading side, the gangue conveying equipment conveys gangue to the rear scraper conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor conveys gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing gangue conveyor.
In one optional technical scheme, a tail beam inserting plate capable of stretching is arranged on a tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support, when the tail beam inserting plate extends out, the tail beam inserting plate is inserted into a bottom plate of a goaf, and when the tail beam inserting plate retracts, a coal caving port is formed behind the tail beam;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the conveying crossheading side, the coal discharge ports on the top coal caving hydraulic support are delayed by the coal mining machine and opened in sequence;
and when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the transportation crossheading side to the return air crossheading side, the coal discharge port on the top coal caving hydraulic support is kept closed.
In one optional technical scheme, gangue storage and transportation equipment is arranged on the side of the return air downdraft groove;
the gangue conveying equipment can convey gangue to the gangue storage and transportation equipment for storage;
the gangue storage and transportation equipment can convey stored gangue to the forward-backward throwing gangue conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor.
In one optional technical scheme, a gangue picking device is arranged between the rear scraper conveyor and the forward gangue throwing conveyor, and the gangue picking device comprises a coal rock identification device capable of identifying coal blocks and gangue;
a coal dropping port of the rear scraper conveyor is provided with a driving part for conveying the gangue to the conveying and throwing gangue conveyor in a side-impact manner;
when the rear scraper conveyer conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device recognizes waste rocks, the driving part side strikes the waste rocks, and the waste rocks are conveyed to the transporting and throwing waste rock conveyer.
The technical scheme of the invention provides a method for filling waste rock in a goaf of a fully mechanized top coal caving working face, which comprises the following steps:
the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the hydraulic support for caving the top coal lags behind the coal mining machine by a preset distance for caving the top coal, and the coal is conveyed to the ground by a rear scraper conveyor and a reversed loader; the waste rock conveying equipment conveys waste rock to the reversing throwing waste rock conveyor, and the reversing throwing waste rock conveyor throws the waste rock into a goaf on the side of the return air forward groove for filling;
the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, and the coal is conveyed to the ground through a front scraper conveyor and a reversed loader; the waste rock conveying equipment conveys waste rocks to the rear scraper conveyor, the rear scraper conveyor conveys the waste rocks to the conveying forward throwing waste rock conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor throws the waste rocks into a goaf on the conveying forward groove side for filling.
In one optional technical scheme, when the coal mining machine tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, a coal discharge port on a top coal caving hydraulic support is opened in sequence after the coal mining machine is started;
when the coal mining machine tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the coal discharge port on the top coal discharge hydraulic support is kept closed.
In one optional technical scheme, when the rear scraper conveyer conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device recognizes waste rocks, the driving part laterally strikes the waste rocks, and the waste rocks are conveyed to the forward-conveying throwing waste rock conveyer.
In one optional technical scheme, the gangue conveying equipment conveys the ground to gangue storage and transportation equipment for storage;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment conveys the stored gangue to a reversing gangue-throwing conveyor, and the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor throws the gangue into a goaf at the side of the return air crossheading for filling;
when the coal mining machine tunnels coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment conveys the stored gangue to the rear scraper conveyor, the rear scraper conveyor conveys the gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor throws the gangue into a goaf at the side of the transportation crossheading for filling.
In one optional technical scheme, when the coal mining machine carries out side-to-side transportation along the air return crossheading and digs and cuts coal along the crossheading, the tail beam plugboard of the top coal caving hydraulic support is withdrawn sequentially after the distance between three and five top coal caving hydraulic supports of the coal mining machine, and the coal caving port is opened sequentially.
In one optional technical scheme, two processes of coal cutting, top coal caving and gangue discharge are adopted, wherein one process is adopted, and one gangue discharge process is adopted.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
according to the fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf waste rock filling system and method provided by the invention, waste rock can be filled into the goaf behind the return air crossheading by utilizing the waste rock conveying equipment conveying and reversing gangue-throwing conveyor, and the waste rock can be filled into the goaf behind the transport crossheading by utilizing the waste rock conveying equipment conveying, rear scraper conveyor and transport forward gangue-throwing conveyor, so that the whole rear goaf can be filled, the filling amount is large, the problems of large waste rock production amount and goaf filling can be effectively solved, the filling links are few, and the filling cost is low.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a goaf gangue filling system of a fully mechanized top coal caving face according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a hydraulic prop for caving coal;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout diagram of a rear scraper conveyor, a forward throwing gangue conveyor and a gangue picking device.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals. It should be noted that the terms "front," "back," "left," "right," "upper" and "lower" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of a particular component.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the fully mechanized top coal caving face goaf waste rock filling system provided by an embodiment of the invention comprises a coal mining machine 1, a top coal caving hydraulic support 2, a rear scraper conveyor 4 arranged at the rear part of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2, a front scraper conveyor 5 arranged at the front part of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2, a waste rock conveying device 6 for conveying waste rock on the ground to the return air chute side, a return forward gangue-throwing conveyor 7 for throwing the waste rock into the goaf on the return air chute side, a transport forward gangue-throwing conveyor 8 for throwing the waste rock into the goaf on the transport chute side, and a transfer conveyor 9 for outputting coal to the ground.
Wherein, when the coal mining machine 1 tunnels the cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the crossheading side, the gangue conveying equipment 6 conveys the gangue to the return and forward throwing gangue conveyor 7.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels coal from the side of the transportation gate way to the side of the return air gate way, the gangue conveying equipment 6 conveys gangue to the rear scraper conveyor 4, and the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys gangue to the transportation gate way throwing gangue conveyor 8.
The fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf waste rock filling system provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for filling waste rocks in goafs behind the return air gate way and the transportation gate way.
As shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic support 2 for caving coal comprises a top beam 21, a shield beam 22 hinged to the rear end of the top beam 21, a tail beam 23 hinged to the rear end of the shield beam 22, and a tail beam insertion plate 24 slidably connected to the tail beam 23 and capable of extending and retracting. A telescopic oil cylinder is arranged between the tail beam 23 and the tail beam inserting plate 24, a cylinder barrel of the telescopic oil cylinder is installed on the tail beam 23, and the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the tail beam inserting plate 24, so that the tail beam inserting plate 24 can be driven to stretch relative to the tail beam 23. When the tail beam flashboard 24 extends out, it will contact the bottom board of the goaf, thereby closing the rear end of the tail beam 23, and at this time, the hydraulic top coal caving support 2 can not discharge coal. When the tail boom spile 24 is retracted, a coal discharge port is formed at the rear end of the tail boom 23, and crushed coal located above the shield beam 22 and the tail boom 23 falls into the rear scraper conveyor 4 through the coal discharge port.
The side on which the tail boom 23 is located is referred to as the rear or rear side in the present invention, and the side on which the top boom 21 is located is referred to as the front or front side.
A plurality of hydraulic supports 2 for caving top coal side by side are arranged in the coal face, and two end supports 3 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the hydraulic supports 2 for caving top coal side by side.
The rear scraper conveyor 4 is arranged below the top beam 21 of the hydraulic top coal caving support 2 at a distance from the front scraper conveyor 5. Specifically, a rear scraper conveyor 4 is disposed at the rear of the hydraulic support for caving coal 2, and a front scraper conveyor 5 is disposed at the front of the hydraulic support for caving coal 2.
And the gangue conveying equipment 6 is arranged on the side of the return air downdraft groove and is used for conveying gangue on the ground downwards to the mine. The gangue transport equipment 6 can be flexibly selected according to the amount of gangue, and the task is to transport the gangue on the ground to a designated position, for example, to transport the gangue to the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 for temporary storage.
And the back-flowing gangue throwing conveyor 7 is arranged at the side of the back-flowing air along groove, can receive gangue conveyed from the gangue conveying equipment 6, and throws the gangue into a goaf at the side of the back-flowing air along groove for filling.
And the transporting and forward throwing gangue conveyor 8 is arranged at the side of the transporting and forward trough, receives the gangue conveyed from the gangue conveying equipment 6 and the rear scraper conveyor 4, and throws the gangue into the goaf at the side of the transporting and forward trough for filling.
The back-sequence gangue-throwing conveyor 7 and the forward-sequence gangue-throwing conveyor 8 are gangue-throwing rubber belt conveyors respectively, a driving part is preferably driven by a hydraulic motor to prevent electric explosion, and the walking of the back-sequence gangue-throwing rubber belt conveyors is preferably dragged by other equipment on a working surface, such as a bracket, a scraper conveyor and the like, when the back-sequence gangue-throwing rubber belt conveyors move forwards. The discharge ports of the forward throwing waste rock conveyor 7 and the forward throwing waste rock conveyor 8 respectively have the functions of stretching and swinging, and waste rocks can be thrown to a suspended ceiling area of a large-scale goaf.
The reversed loader 9 is arranged at the side of the transportation forward groove, and the coal transported by the rear scraper conveyor 4 and the front scraper conveyor 5 can be transported to the ground through the reversed loader 9.
The coal cutter 1 cuts two coal in each cycle:
the first coal cutting is that the cut coal is tunneled from the return air gate way to the transportation gate way at the rear part of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2. In the process, the hydraulic support 2 for caving the top coal can be used for caving the top coal, and the coal cut by the coal mining machine 1 and the top coal caving of the hydraulic support 2 for caving the top coal are output through the rear scraper conveyor 4 and the reversed loader 9. In the process, the rear scraper conveyer 4 cannot transport the gangue, the gangue on the ground is conveyed to the forward-return gangue-throwing conveyer 7 by the gangue conveying equipment 6, and the forward-return gangue-throwing conveyer 7 throws the gangue into a goaf on the side of the forward-return chute for filling.
The second coal is cut by tunneling from the transportation gate to the return air gate at the front part of the hydraulic support 2 for caving the top coal. In the process, the hydraulic support 2 for caving the top coal does not discharge the top coal, and the coal cut by the coal mining machine 1 is output through the front scraper conveyor 5 and the transfer conveyor 9. In the process, the rear scraper conveyor 4 can transport waste rocks, the waste rocks on the ground are conveyed to the rear scraper conveyor 4 by the waste rock conveying equipment 6 and then conveyed to the in-transit throwing waste rock conveyor 8, and the in-transit throwing waste rock conveyor 8 throws the waste rocks into a goaf on the side of the in-transit trough for filling.
Therefore, the fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf waste rock filling system provided by the invention can fill waste rock into the goaf behind the return air crossheading by utilizing the waste rock conveying equipment 6 and the return and forward throwing waste rock conveyor 7, can fill waste rock into the goaf behind the transport crossheading by utilizing the waste rock conveying equipment 6, the rear scraper conveyor 4 and the forward and forward throwing waste rock conveyor 8, can fill the whole goaf behind the transport crossheading, is large in filling amount, can effectively solve the problems of large waste rock production amount and goaf filling, is few in filling links and low in filling cost.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a retractable tail beam spile 24 is arranged on a tail beam 23 of the hydraulic support 2 for caving coal, when the tail beam spile 24 extends out, the tail beam spile 24 is inserted into a bottom plate of a goaf, and when the tail beam spile 24 retracts, a coal discharge opening is formed behind the tail beam 23.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the coal discharge port on the top coal discharge hydraulic support 2 is lagged behind and the coal mining machine 1 is opened in sequence.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the coal discharge port on the top coal discharge hydraulic support 2 is kept closed.
Specifically, the hydraulic support 2 for caving coal comprises a top beam 21, a shield beam 22 hinged with the rear end of the top beam 21, a tail beam 23 hinged with the rear end of the shield beam 22, and a tail beam inserting plate 24 which is slidably connected with the tail beam 23 and can realize extension and retraction. A telescopic oil cylinder is arranged between the tail beam 23 and the tail beam inserting plate 24, a cylinder barrel of the telescopic oil cylinder is installed on the tail beam 23, and the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with the tail beam inserting plate 24, so that the tail beam inserting plate 24 can be driven to stretch relative to the tail beam 23. When the tail beam flashboard 24 extends out, it will contact the bottom board of the goaf, thereby closing the rear end of the tail beam 23, and at this time, the hydraulic top coal caving support 2 can not discharge coal. When the tail boom spile 24 is retracted, a coal discharge port is formed at the rear end of the tail boom 23, and crushed coal located above the shield beam 22 and the tail boom 23 falls into the rear scraper conveyor 4 through the coal discharge port.
When the coal mining machine 1 is used for tunneling and cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the tail beam spile 24 of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2 is withdrawn in sequence after the distance from three to five top coal caving hydraulic supports 2 of the coal mining machine 1, and a coal caving port is opened in sequence.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the tail beam spile 24 on the top coal caving hydraulic support 2 extends out and contacts with the bottom plate of the goaf, and the coal caving port is kept closed.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 is arranged on the side of the return air downdraft groove.
The gangue conveying equipment 6 can convey gangue into the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 for storage.
The gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 can convey the stored gangue to the forward-backward throwing gangue conveyor 7 and the rear scraper conveyor 4.
The gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 is generally a scraper conveyor with an open storage tank and plays a role in temporarily storing gangue.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 conveys the stored gangue to the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7, and the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7 throws the gangue into a goaf on the side of the return air crossheading for filling.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 conveys the stored gangue to the rear scraper conveyor 4, the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys the gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing conveyor 8, and the rear scraper conveyor 4 throws the gangue into a goaf on the side of the transportation crossheading for filling.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, a gangue picking device 12 is arranged between the rear scraper conveyor 8 and the forward throwing conveyor 4, and the gangue picking device 12 comprises a coal rock recognition device 121 capable of recognizing coal blocks and gangue.
And a driving part 42 for conveying the gangue to the forward throwing gangue conveyor 8 by side impact is arranged at a coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4.
When the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device 121 recognizes waste rock, the drive portion 42 side-strikes the waste rock, and conveys the waste rock to the in-transit throwing conveyor 8.
The waste rock picking device 12 straddles the nose of the rear scraper conveyor 4, and when the top coal caving process is executed, the waste rock picking device 12 automatically recognizes waste rocks, strikes the waste rocks onto the transporting and throwing conveyor 8, and sends the waste rocks to a goaf behind the end of the transporting crossheading by the transporting and throwing conveyor 8.
The end part of the gangue picking device 12 is provided with a coal rock recognition device 121, and video recognition of gangue and coal blocks is preferentially adopted for coal rock recognition. The coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4 is provided with a driving part 42, the driving part 42 can adopt an electromagnetic control pneumatic or hydraulic driving part, and the driving part 42 is generally a cylinder or an oil cylinder. The driving part 42 is used for laterally impacting the gangue at the coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4 to the receiving port 81 of the forward throwing gangue conveyor 8.
The discharge opening of the rear scraper conveyor 4 can be communicated with the receiving opening 81 of the in-line gangue-throwing conveyor 8, and when the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys gangue, the gangue enters the receiving opening 81 of the in-line gangue-throwing conveyor 8 through the discharge opening of the rear scraper conveyor 4. During this process, the gangue device 12 and the drive 42 may not be operated.
The above devices in the present invention can be automatically controlled by a control system.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for filling waste rock in a goaf of a fully mechanized top coal caving working surface according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
the coal mining machine 1 conveys coal to be cut from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the hydraulic support 2 for top coal caving lags behind the coal mining machine 1 by a preset distance for top coal caving, and the coal is conveyed to the ground through the rear scraper conveyor 4 and the reversed loader 9. In the process, the waste rock conveying equipment 6 conveys waste rocks to the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7, and the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7 throws the waste rocks into a goaf on the side of the return air forward trough for filling.
The coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, and the coal is conveyed to the ground through a front scraper conveyor 5 and a transfer conveyor 9; in the process, the gangue conveying equipment 6 conveys gangue to the rear scraper conveyer 4, the rear scraper conveyer 4 conveys gangue to the conveying forward throwing gangue conveyer 8, and the rear scraper conveyer 4 throws the gangue into a goaf on the conveying forward trough side for filling.
According to the method for filling the waste rock in the goaf of the fully mechanized top coal caving working face, waste rock can be filled into the goaf behind the return air crossheading by the waste rock conveying device 6 and the return and forward throwing waste rock conveyor 7, waste rock can be filled into the goaf behind the transport crossheading by the waste rock conveying device 6, the rear scraper conveyor 4 and the forward and forward throwing waste rock conveyor 8, the whole goaf behind the transport crossheading can be filled, the filling amount is large, the problems of large waste rock production amount and goaf filling can be effectively solved, the filling links are few, and the filling cost is low.
In one embodiment, when the shearer 1 advances cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the crossheading side, the coal discharge ports on the hydraulic supports 2 for top coal caving are opened sequentially after the shearer 1.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the coal discharge port on the top coal discharge hydraulic support 2 is kept closed.
When the coal mining machine 1 is used for tunneling and cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the tail beam spile 24 of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2 is withdrawn in sequence after the distance from three to five top coal caving hydraulic supports 2 of the coal mining machine 1, and a coal caving port is opened in sequence.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the tail beam spile 24 on the top coal caving hydraulic support 2 extends out and contacts with the bottom plate of the goaf, and the coal caving port is kept closed.
In one embodiment, when the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device 121 recognizes gangue, the driving portion 42 strikes the gangue sideways, and conveys the gangue to the down-the-road gangue conveyor 8.
And a driving part 42 for conveying the gangue to the forward throwing gangue conveyor 8 by side impact is arranged at a coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4.
When the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device 121 recognizes waste rock, the drive portion 42 side-strikes the waste rock, and conveys the waste rock to the in-transit throwing conveyor 8.
The waste rock picking device 12 straddles the nose of the rear scraper conveyor 4, and when the top coal caving process is executed, the waste rock picking device 12 automatically recognizes waste rocks, strikes the waste rocks onto the transporting and throwing conveyor 8, and sends the waste rocks to a goaf behind the end of the transporting crossheading by the transporting and throwing conveyor 8.
The end part of the gangue picking device 12 is provided with a coal rock recognition device 121, and video recognition of gangue and coal blocks is preferentially adopted for coal rock recognition. The coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4 is provided with a driving part 42, the driving part 42 can adopt an electromagnetic control pneumatic or hydraulic driving part, and the driving part 42 is generally a cylinder or an oil cylinder. The driving part 42 is used for laterally impacting the gangue at the coal dropping port 41 of the rear scraper conveyor 4 to the receiving port 81 of the forward throwing gangue conveyor 8.
The discharge opening of the rear scraper conveyor 4 can be communicated with the receiving opening 81 of the in-line gangue-throwing conveyor 8, and when the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys gangue, the gangue enters the receiving opening 81 of the in-line gangue-throwing conveyor 8 through the discharge opening of the rear scraper conveyor 4. During this process, the gangue device 12 and the drive 42 may not be operated.
In one embodiment, the gangue transport equipment 6 transports the ground to the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 for storage.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 conveys the stored gangue to the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7, and the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor 7 throws the gangue into a goaf on the side of the return air crossheading for filling.
When the coal mining machine 1 tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment 11 conveys the stored gangue to the rear scraper conveyor 4, the rear scraper conveyor 4 conveys the gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing conveyor 8, and the rear scraper conveyor 4 throws the gangue into a goaf on the side of the transportation crossheading for filling.
In one embodiment, when the coal mining machine 1 tunnels cutting coal from the return air crossheading side to the crossheading side, the tail beam spile 24 of the top coal caving hydraulic support 2 is withdrawn sequentially after the distance from three to five top coal caving hydraulic supports 2 of the coal mining machine 1, and the coal caving port is opened sequentially.
That is, when the tail beam spile 24 of a certain top coal caving hydraulic support 2 is retracted, the distance between the tail beam spile and the coal mining machine 1 is three to five top coal caving hydraulic supports 2, so that top coal is prevented from falling on the coal mining machine 1.
In one embodiment, two-mining and one-discharging coal cutting, top coal discharging and gangue discharging processes are adopted.
The two-mining and one-discharging gangue process comprises the following steps: and circularly mining two coal cutters by one cutting coal, putting one top coal, and discharging one gangue to the goaf for filling.
According to the requirement, the processes of coal cutting, top coal caving and gangue discharge can also be adopted.
According to the needs, the above technical schemes can be combined to achieve the best technical effect.
The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles and preferred embodiments of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several other modifications can be made on the basis of the principle of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be regarded.
Claims (10)
1. The fully mechanized caving coal working face goaf waste rock filling system is characterized by comprising a coal mining machine, a caving coal hydraulic support, a rear scraper conveyor arranged at the rear part of the caving coal hydraulic support, a front scraper conveyor arranged at the front part of the caving coal hydraulic support, waste rock conveying equipment for conveying waste rock on the ground to the side of an air return down trough, a back down throwing waste rock conveyor for throwing the waste rock to the goaf on the side of the air return down trough, a transport down throwing waste rock conveyor for throwing the waste rock to the goaf on the side of the transport down trough and a ground transfer conveyor for outputting coal to the ground;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the transport crossheading side, the gangue conveying equipment conveys gangue to the return forward throwing gangue conveyor;
when the coal mining machine tunnels coal from the transportation crossheading side to the return air crossheading side, the gangue conveying equipment conveys gangue to the rear scraper conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor conveys gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing gangue conveyor.
2. The fully mechanized top coal caving face goaf gangue filling system of claim 1,
a tail beam inserting plate capable of stretching is arranged on a tail beam of the top coal caving hydraulic support, when the tail beam inserting plate extends out, the tail beam inserting plate is inserted into a bottom plate of a goaf, and when the tail beam inserting plate retracts, a coal caving port is formed behind the tail beam;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the return air crossheading side to the conveying crossheading side, the coal discharge ports on the top coal caving hydraulic support are delayed by the coal mining machine and opened in sequence;
and when the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the transportation crossheading side to the return air crossheading side, the coal discharge port on the top coal caving hydraulic support is kept closed.
3. The fully mechanized top coal caving working face goaf gangue filling system of claim 1, wherein a gangue storage and transportation device is arranged on the side of the return air along groove;
the gangue conveying equipment can convey gangue to the gangue storage and transportation equipment for storage;
the gangue storage and transportation equipment can convey stored gangue to the forward-backward throwing gangue conveyor and the rear scraper conveyor.
4. The system for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 1, wherein a waste rock picking device is arranged between the rear scraper conveyor and the forward throwing waste rock conveyor, and the waste rock picking device comprises a coal rock identification device capable of identifying coal blocks and waste rock;
a coal dropping port of the rear scraper conveyor is provided with a driving part for conveying the gangue to the conveying and throwing gangue conveyor in a side-impact manner;
when the rear scraper conveyer conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device recognizes waste rocks, the driving part side strikes the waste rocks, and the waste rocks are conveyed to the transporting and throwing waste rock conveyer.
5. A method for filling waste rock in a gob of a fully mechanized top coal caving working face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the hydraulic support for caving the top coal lags behind the coal mining machine by a preset distance for caving the top coal, and the coal is conveyed to the ground by a rear scraper conveyor and a reversed loader; the waste rock conveying equipment conveys waste rock to the reversing throwing waste rock conveyor, and the reversing throwing waste rock conveyor throws the waste rock into a goaf on the side of the return air forward groove for filling;
the coal mining machine tunnels cut coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, and the coal is conveyed to the ground through a front scraper conveyor and a reversed loader; the waste rock conveying equipment conveys waste rocks to the rear scraper conveyor, the rear scraper conveyor conveys the waste rocks to the conveying forward throwing waste rock conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor throws the waste rocks into a goaf on the conveying forward groove side for filling.
6. The method for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 5,
when the coal mining machine tunnels cutting coal from the air return crossheading side to the conveying crossheading side, the coal discharge ports on the top coal discharge hydraulic support are opened in sequence after the coal mining machine is started;
when the coal mining machine tunnels and cuts coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the coal discharge port on the top coal discharge hydraulic support is kept closed.
7. The method for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 5,
when the rear scraper conveyer conveys coal, the coal rock recognition device recognizes waste rocks, the driving part laterally strikes the waste rocks, and the waste rocks are conveyed to the forward-conveying throwing waste rock conveyer.
8. The method for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 5,
transporting the ground to waste rock storage and transportation equipment by waste rock transportation equipment for storage;
when the coal mining machine tunnels cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment conveys the stored gangue to a reversing gangue-throwing conveyor, and the reversing gangue-throwing conveyor throws the gangue into a goaf at the side of the return air crossheading for filling;
when the coal mining machine tunnels coal from the side of the transportation crossheading to the side of the return air crossheading, the gangue storage and transportation equipment conveys the stored gangue to the rear scraper conveyor, the rear scraper conveyor conveys the gangue to the transportation crossheading throwing conveyor, and the rear scraper conveyor throws the gangue into a goaf at the side of the transportation crossheading for filling.
9. The method for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 5,
when the coal mining machine is used for tunneling and cutting coal from the side of the return air crossheading to the side of the crossheading, the tail beam plugboard of the top coal caving hydraulic support is withdrawn in sequence after the distance between three and five top coal caving hydraulic supports of the coal mining machine is lagged all the time, and the coal caving port is opened in sequence.
10. The method for filling goaf waste rock on the fully mechanized top coal caving face according to claim 5,
adopts the processes of coal cutting, top coal caving and gangue discharge, which adopt two processes and discharge one gangue.
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