CN112377133A

CN112377133A - Controllable pulse nipple

Info

Publication number: CN112377133A
Application number: CN202011312323.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王建龙; 郑锋; 柳鹤; 张雯琼; 鲍作帆; 刘学松
Original assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Bohai Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-20
Filing date: 2020-11-20
Publication date: 2021-02-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-20
Also published as: CN112377133B

Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable pulse nipple, which comprises a tubular shell, wherein a throttling block, a brake block, an inner tube, a flexible shaft, a hollow rotor, a movable valve, an overflowing ring and a fixed valve are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, the lower end of the brake block is fixedly connected with one end of the inner tube, the side wall of the other end of the inner tube is provided with a plurality of through holes, the inner tube at the end forms a sealing structure and is inserted into the flexible shaft, the axial section of the end of the flexible shaft is of a convex structure, so that the lower end of the inner tube is inserted into the flexible shaft for a certain distance, liquid flowing out of the through holes at the side surface of the inner tube can flow; the lower end of the flexible shaft is hermetically connected with the hollow rotor; a plurality of radial liquid inlets are arranged on the inner side of the shell, the liquid inlets extend along the axial direction of the shell to form a liquid flow cavity, and the liquid flow cavity is communicated to a cavity between the flexible shaft and the shell; and a spring and an inner pipe control mechanism are arranged in a space formed by the brake block, the inner pipe and the shell from top to bottom. The invention can prolong the service life of the hydraulic oscillator.

Description

Controllable pulse nipple

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a controllable pulse nipple.

Background

In the orienting process of complex structure wells such as a common orienting well, a large inclined section well, a horizontal well and the like, the problem of pressure supporting often occurs, so that the bit pressure is difficult to apply by a drill bit, the pump is easy to be released by pressure supporting, the problem of unstable tools and the like is caused, and finally the mechanical drilling speed of the orienting section is low.

The hydraulic oscillator is one of the most effective methods for relieving the directional pressure of the directional well at present. The hydraulic oscillator mainly comprises a pulse short section and an oscillation short section. Drilling fluid flows through the pulse nipple to generate periodic pressure pulse, and the pressure pulse acts on the oscillation nipple to drive the oscillation nipple to generate periodic vibration.

However, in the actual operation process, the pressure supporting only occurs in the sliding drilling process, and the pressure supporting problem cannot occur in the composite drilling process. Therefore, the vibration of the hydraulic oscillator can only be acted when the drill is in sliding, but the vibration of the hydraulic oscillator can not be acted when the drill is in composite drilling. That is to say, it is meaningful that the pulse nipple is in a working state only during sliding drilling, and the pulse nipple does no work during composite drilling. However, after the conventional hydraulic oscillator is driven into a well by the pulse nipple, the well pump is always in a working state as long as the well pump is in a pump-on state, and then the whole hydraulic oscillator is driven to be in a continuous working state. The pulse nipple is continuously in a working state after entering the well, so that on one hand, the consumption of ground diesel oil or electric energy is increased, and the drilling cost is increased; on the other hand, the service life of the tool is shortened, and the cost of the tool is increased.

Therefore, based on the problems, the controllable pulse nipple capable of reducing the load of surface equipment, prolonging the service life of the hydraulic oscillator and reducing the drilling cost has important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a controllable pulse nipple which can reduce the load of ground equipment, prolong the service life of a hydraulic oscillator and reduce the drilling cost.

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a controllable pulse nipple comprises a tubular shell, wherein a throttling block, a brake block, an inner tube, a flexible shaft, a hollow rotor, a movable valve, an overflowing ring and a fixed valve are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, the throttling block is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the brake block is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the shell, the lower end of the brake block is fixedly connected with one end of the inner tube, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the other end of the inner tube, the inner tube at the end forms a sealing structure and is inserted into one end of the flexible shaft, the axial section of the end of the flexible shaft is of a convex structure, so that the lower end of the inner tube is inserted into the flexible shaft for a certain distance, liquid flowing out of the through holes in the side surface of the inner; the lower end of the flexible shaft is hermetically connected with the middle and middle idle rotor, the other end of the hollow rotor is fixedly connected with the movable valve, the movable valve is connected with the fixed valve through the overflowing ring, and the stator is arranged on the inner wall of the shell at the position of the hollow rotor; a plurality of radial liquid inlets are formed in the inner side of the shell, the liquid inlets extend along the axial direction of the shell to form a liquid flow cavity, and the liquid flow cavity is communicated to a cavity between the flexible shaft and the shell; a spring and an inner pipe control mechanism are arranged in a space formed by the brake block, the inner pipe and the shell from top to bottom;

when a certain amount of drilling fluid flows through the brake block through the throttling action of the throttling block, the brake block is pushed to compress the spring to descend, and the inner pipe control mechanism controls the descending distance of the brake block and the inner pipe: when the descending distance is short, the liquid inlet is in a closed state by the brake block, the bottom end of the inner pipe is communicated with the flexible shaft convex structure, drilling fluid flows through the inner pipe, sequentially flows through the flexible shaft, the hollow rotor, the movable valve and the fixed valve, and the controllable pulse nipple is in a non-working state; when the down-going distance is longer, the liquid inlet is in an open state, the bottom end of the inner pipe and the flexible shaft convex structure are in a blocking and sealing state, drilling fluid enters the liquid inlet, flows through the fluid flow cavity, enters the flexible shaft external annular space, enters the hollow rotor and stator annular space, enters the interior of the movable valve through the inner hole in the movable valve, and then enters the fixed valve, so that periodic pressure pulse is generated, and the controllable pulse nipple is in a working state at the moment.

Furthermore, the inner tube control mechanism comprises an upper fixing ring, a rotating ring and a lower fixing ring, wherein a plurality of groups of repeated first wavy inclined planes are arranged at the lower part of the upper fixing ring along the edge at a certain angle, a plurality of groups of repeated second wavy inclined planes matched with the first wavy inclined planes are arranged at the upper part of the rotating ring along the edge at a certain angle, a plurality of groups of repeated inclined trapezoidal insertion blocks are arranged at the lower part of the rotating ring along the edge at a certain angle, a plurality of groups of inclined trapezoidal notches with different depths are arranged at the upper part of the lower fixing ring along the edge at a certain angle, and the deep notches;

the upper fixing ring and the lower fixing ring are fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the rotating ring is mounted on the inner pipe through a bearing and is positioned between the upper fixing ring and the lower fixing ring; the first wavy inclined surface on the upper fixing ring and the second wavy inclined surface on the rotating ring coordinate to enable the inserting blocks to be inserted into the deep notches or the shallow notches on the lower fixing ring at intervals when the rotating ring moves downwards, and therefore the descending distance of the inner tube is controlled.

Furthermore, the upper part of the throttling block is of a circular ring structure with a hole, and a conical cylinder is connected below the circular ring structure.

Furthermore, the inner wall of the shell is provided with a groove, the throttling block is fixedly arranged in the groove through an upper gasket and a clamping ring, and the clamping ring is a split ring.

Furthermore, the brake block is of a through structure, and the inner wall of the upper portion of the brake block forms a conical structure.

Further, the inner pipe is of a cylindrical tubular structure, and sealing rings are respectively arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the through hole in the inner pipe.

Further, a sealing piston is arranged between the inner tube below the inner tube control mechanism and the shell.

Further, the fixed valve is fixed on the inner wall of the shell in a sealing mode.

Further, the shell comprises an upper joint, a middle joint and a lower joint which are sequentially and fixedly connected to form a tubular structure.

The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:

according to the controllable pulse nipple, when the pulse nipple is required to work, the drilling fluid discharge amount is controlled through the ground to realize the opening of the pulse nipple, so that the pulse nipple generates pressure pulses to drive the whole set of hydraulic oscillator to be in a working state, and the problem of directional pressure supporting is solved; when the pulse nipple is not needed to work, the dormant state of the pulse nipple is realized by controlling the discharge capacity of drilling fluid on the ground, so that the pulse nipple does not generate pressure pulse any more, and then the whole set of hydraulic oscillator is in a non-working state.

Drawings

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these drawings are designed for illustrative purposes only and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are intended to be illustrative of the structural configurations described herein and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of a controllable impulse nipple provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner tube control mechanism of a controllable impulse nipple according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a throttling block of the controllable pulse nipple according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed Description

First, it should be noted that the specific structures, features, advantages, etc. of the present invention will be specifically described below by way of example, but all the descriptions are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way. Furthermore, any single feature described or implicit in any embodiment or any single feature shown or implicit in any drawing may still be combined or subtracted between any of the features (or equivalents thereof) to obtain still further embodiments of the invention that may not be directly mentioned herein. In addition, for the sake of simplicity, the same or similar features may be indicated in only one place in the same drawing.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 3.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present embodiment provides a controllable impulse nipple, which includes a tubular housing, a throttle block 4, a brake block 5, an inner pipe 6, a flexible shaft 14, a hollow rotor 16, a movable valve 18, an overflowing ring 19 and a fixed valve 20 are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, the throttle block 4 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the brake block 5 is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the shell, the lower end of the inner tube is fixedly connected with one end of the inner tube 6, the side wall of the other end of the inner tube is provided with a plurality of through holes 601, and the inner tube at the end forms a sealing structure, the liquid is inserted into one end of the flexible shaft 14, the axial section of the end of the flexible shaft 14 is of a convex structure, so that the lower end of the inner tube 6 is inserted into the flexible shaft 14 for a certain distance, the liquid flowing out of the through hole 601 on the side surface of the inner tube 6 can flow into the flexible shaft 14, and the through hole on the side surface of the inner tube 6 is blocked along with the continuous insertion of the inner tube 6 through the convex structure; the lower end of the flexible shaft 14 is hermetically connected with the hollow rotor 16 through a sealing ring 25, the other end of the hollow rotor 16 is fixedly connected with the movable valve 18, the movable valve 18 is connected with the fixed valve 20 through the overflowing ring 19, the overflowing ring 19 is assembled on the movable valve 18 in a hot-assembling mode, then the lower end face of the overflowing ring 19 is attached to the upper end face of the fixed valve 20, and the stator 17 is installed on the inner wall of the shell at the position of the hollow rotor 16; a plurality of radial liquid inlets 101 are formed in the inner side of the shell, the liquid inlets 101 axially extend along the shell to form a liquid flow cavity 102, and the liquid flow cavity 102 is communicated with a cavity between the flexible shaft 14 and the shell; a spring 7 and an inner pipe control mechanism are arranged in a space formed by the brake block 5, the inner pipe 6 and the shell from top to bottom;

when a certain amount of drilling fluid flows through the brake block 5 through the throttling action of the throttling block 4, the brake block 5 is pushed to compress the spring 7 to descend, and the inner pipe control mechanism controls the descending distance of the brake block 5 and the inner pipe 6: when the descending distance is short, the liquid inlet 101 is in a closed state by the brake block 5, the bottom end of the inner pipe 6 is communicated with the convex structure of the flexible shaft 14, the drilling fluid flows through the inner pipe 6, sequentially flows through the flexible shaft 14, the hollow rotor 16, the movable valve 18 and the fixed valve 20, and at the moment, the controllable pulse nipple is in a non-working state; when the traveling distance is long, the liquid inlet 101 is in an open state, the bottom end of the inner pipe 6 and the convex structure of the flexible shaft 14 are in a blocking and sealing state, drilling fluid enters the liquid inlet 101, flows through the fluid flow cavity 102, enters the annular space outside the flexible shaft 14, enters the annular space of the hollow rotor 16 and the stator 17, enters the interior of the movable valve through the inner hole in the movable valve 18, and then enters the fixed valve 20, so that periodic pressure pulse is generated, and the controllable pulse nipple is in a working state at the moment.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the inner tube control mechanism includes an upper fixing ring 8, a rotating ring 9, and a lower fixing ring 12, wherein a plurality of sets of repeated first wavy inclined surfaces 801 are arranged at a certain angle along the edge of the lower portion of the upper fixing ring 8, a plurality of sets of repeated second wavy inclined surfaces 901 matched with the first wavy inclined surfaces are arranged at a certain angle along the edge of the upper portion of the rotating ring 9, a plurality of sets of repeated inclined trapezoidal insertion blocks 902 are arranged at a certain angle along the edge of the lower portion of the rotating ring 9, a plurality of sets of inclined trapezoidal notches with different depths are arranged at a certain angle along the edge of the upper portion of the lower fixing ring 12, and;

wherein, the upper fixing ring 8 and the lower fixing ring 12 are fixed on the inner wall of the housing by a set screw 29 and a set screw 28, the rotating ring 9 is mounted on the inner tube 6 by a bearing 10 and is located between the upper fixing ring 8 and the lower fixing ring 12, specifically: the inner side of the rotating ring 9 is provided with a boss with a large inner diameter at the upper part and a small inner diameter at the lower part, the outer wall of the inner tube 6 is also provided with a matched boss, a bearing 10 is arranged at the matched position of the rotating ring 9 and the inner tube 6 through the boss, the rotating ring 9 and the bearing 10 are fixed at the outer side of the inner tube 6 through a split ring 11 at the lower part of the bearing 10, so that the rotating ring 9 can; the first wave-shaped inclined surface on the upper fixing ring 8 and the second wave-shaped inclined surface on the rotating ring 9 coordinate to ensure that the inserting blocks are inserted into the deep notches or the shallow notches on the lower fixing ring 12 at intervals when the rotating ring 9 goes down, thereby realizing the control of the down-going distance of the inner tube 6.

As shown in fig. 3, the upper part of the throttle block 4 is a perforated circular ring structure, a conical cylinder is connected below the circular ring structure, the conical structure on the inner wall of the upper part of the brake block 5 has a smaller cross-sectional area, so that after the discharge of drilling fluid is improved, the downward hydraulic pressure applied to the upper part of the brake block 5 is increased, the brake block 5 is pushed to move downward, the conical cylinder on the lower part of the throttle block 4 is placed on the inner side of the upper part of the brake block 5, the change of the cross-sectional area is large, and the hydraulic pressure applied to; the outer diameter of the conical cylinder at the lower part of the throttling block 4 is adjusted according to the elasticity of the compression spring 7; the inner wall of the shell is provided with a groove, the throttling block 4 is fixedly arranged in the groove through an upper gasket 3 and a clamping ring 2, and the clamping ring 2 is an open ring; and a brake block 5 is arranged at the lower side of the throttling block 4 downwards along the inner wall of the shell, the brake block 5 is of a through structure, the upper inner wall of the brake block 5 forms a conical structure, and a sealing ring 30 is arranged between the brake block 5 and the inner wall of the shell to realize sealing.

Further, it is considered that the inner tube 6 is a cylindrical tubular structure, and the outer walls of the inner tube 6 on both sides of the through hole 601 are respectively provided with

sealing rings

26 and 27, through which the inner tube is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the flexible shaft 14.

In order to prevent the communication of the drilling fluid between the inside and outside of the tool at the

set screws

28 and 29, it is conceivable to install a seal piston 13 between the inner tube below the inner tube control mechanism and the housing, and to provide a seal ring 30 between the brake pad 5 and the housing.

In order to reduce the manufacturing cost, it is considered that the housing comprises an upper joint 1, a middle joint 15 and a lower joint 22 which are fixedly connected in sequence to form a tubular structure, the fixed valve 20 is fixed through a boss structure formed at the joint of the middle joint 15 and the lower joint 22, as shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment, a gasket 21 is installed between the fixed valve 20 and the lower joint 22, and sealing with the middle joint 15 and the lower joint 22 is realized through

sealing rings

24 and 23.

It should be noted that the hollow rotor 16 is a conventional screw drill rotor with a through interior, the lower end of the hollow rotor 16 is connected with the movable valve 18 through a thread, and the stator 17, the movable valve 18, the overflowing ring 19 and the fixed valve 20 can all adopt existing products, and the specific structure is not described again.

By way of example, in this embodiment, when this pulse burst is used:

the drilling pump is started, when drilling fluid with a certain discharge capacity passes through the upper connector 1 and flows through the brake block 5, due to the throttling action of the internal throttling block 4, downward hydraulic thrust is generated at the upper part of the brake block 5, the brake block 5 is pushed to compress the spring 7 to descend, the inner pipe 6 and the rotating ring 9 are further pushed to descend, the inserting block of the rotating ring 9 is aligned to the shallow groove port 1202 of the lower fixing ring 12 at the moment, the descending distance is short, the liquid inlet 101 is in a closed state, the bottom end of the inner pipe 6 is communicated with the convex structure of the flexible shaft 14, all the drilling fluid flows through the inner pipe 6, sequentially flows through the flexible shaft 14, the hollow rotor 16, the movable valve 18, the fixed valve 20 and the lower connector 22 and finally enters a water hole in;

the well drilling pump is stopped, the brake block 5 is restored to the original position under the action of the spring 7, and the rotating ring 9 rotates for a certain angle;

the drilling pump is started again, when drilling fluid with a certain displacement passes through the upper connector 1 and flows through the brake block 5, a certain downward thrust is generated on the brake block 5, the brake block 5 is pushed to compress the spring 7 to move downwards, the inner pipe 6 and the rotating ring 9 are further pushed to move downwards, the insert block of the rotating ring 9 is aligned to the deep slot 1201 of the lower fixing ring 12 at the moment, the downward distance is long, the liquid inlet 101 is in an opening state, the bottom end of the inner pipe 6 and the convex structure of the flexible shaft 14 are in a blocking and sealing state, the drilling fluid enters the liquid inlet 101, flows through the liquid flow cavity 102 to enter the annular space outside the flexible shaft 14, enters the annular space of the hollow rotor 16 and the stator 17, enters the interior of the; in this state, the drilling fluid drives the hollow rotor 16 to rotate, and drives the movable valve 18 to rotate, so that the interception area between the movable valve 18 and the fixed valve 20 generates periodic change, further generates periodic pressure pulse, and at this time, the whole controllable pulse nipple is in a working state.

It should be noted that, for the controllable impulse nipple of the present invention, in order to achieve the sealing performance of the tool, a sealing structure may be added between different structural components according to actual requirements, which belongs to common knowledge that can be thought by those skilled in the art, and is not described herein again.

The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above examples, but the description is only for the preferred examples of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A controllable pulse nipple, its characterized in that: the brake device comprises a tubular shell, wherein a throttling block, a brake block, an inner tube, a flexible shaft, a hollow rotor, a movable valve, an overflowing ring and a fixed valve are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, the throttling block is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shell, the brake block is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the shell, the lower end of the brake block is fixedly connected with one end of the inner tube, a plurality of through holes are formed in the side wall of the other end of the inner tube, the inner tube at the end forms a sealing structure and is inserted into one end of the flexible shaft, the axial section of the end of the flexible shaft is of a convex structure, so that the lower end of the inner tube is inserted into the flexible shaft for a certain distance, liquid flowing out of the through holes in; the lower end of the flexible shaft is hermetically connected with the middle and middle idle rotor, the other end of the hollow rotor is fixedly connected with the movable valve, the movable valve is connected with the fixed valve through the overflowing ring, and the stator is arranged on the inner wall of the shell at the position of the hollow rotor; a plurality of radial liquid inlets are formed in the inner side of the shell, the liquid inlets extend along the axial direction of the shell to form a liquid flow cavity, and the liquid flow cavity is communicated to a cavity between the flexible shaft and the shell; a spring and an inner pipe control mechanism are arranged in a space formed by the brake block, the inner pipe and the shell from top to bottom;

2. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the inner pipe control mechanism comprises an upper fixing ring, a rotating ring and a lower fixing ring, wherein a plurality of groups of repeated first wavy inclined planes are arranged at the lower part of the upper fixing ring at a certain angle along the edge, a plurality of groups of repeated second wavy inclined planes matched with the first wavy inclined planes are arranged at the upper part of the rotating ring at a certain angle along the edge, a plurality of groups of repeated inclined trapezoidal inserting blocks are arranged at the lower part of the rotating ring at a certain angle along the edge, a plurality of groups of inclined trapezoidal notches with different depths are arranged at the upper part of the lower fixing ring at a certain angle along the edge, and the;

3. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper part of the throttling block is of a circular ring structure with a hole, and a conical cylinder is connected below the circular ring structure.

4. A controllable impulse sub according to claim 3, characterized in that: the inner wall of the shell is provided with a groove, the throttling block is fixedly arranged in the groove through an upper gasket and a clamping ring, and the clamping ring is a split ring.

5. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the brake block is a through structure, and a conical structure is formed on the inner wall of the upper portion of the brake block.

6. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the inner tube is of a cylindrical tubular structure, and sealing rings are respectively arranged on the outer walls of two sides of the through hole in the inner tube.

7. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: and a sealing piston is arranged between the inner tube below the inner tube control mechanism and the shell.

8. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the fixed valve is fixed on the inner wall of the shell in a sealing mode.

9. The controllable impulse sub of claim 1, characterized in that: the shell comprises an upper joint, a middle joint and a lower joint which are sequentially and fixedly connected to form a tubular structure.