CN112369608A - 一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品 - Google Patents
一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A23L19/01—Instant products; Powders; Flakes; Granules
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- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23L19/115—Konjak; Konntaku
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，属于海洋生物领域。该减肥食品资源化利用壳寡糖和新琼寡糖等海洋活性物质，具有显著的减肥和降血脂功效。所述减肥原料包括壳寡糖3～8份、新琼寡糖2～6份、低聚糖20～35份、茶多酚5～13份、魔芋粉25～50份、山楂果粉10～16份、大豆分离蛋白40～70份。其中，海洋寡糖为壳寡糖和新琼寡糖。本发明中各组分科学配比，同时能够调理肠胃，缓解便秘，达到瘦身减肥的作用，可广泛用于制备减肥、通便、改善肠道菌群的功能性食品及医养健康食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，尤其涉及一种利用壳寡糖、新琼寡糖等原料制备减肥食品，属于海洋生物领域。
背景技术
肥胖症是一种由机体能量代谢失去平衡所致的慢性营养性疾病。随着人类生活水平的提高、生活方式的改变，肥胖已成为一个越来越普遍的问题。肥胖是一种严重影响人类健康的代谢性疾病，并可引发糖尿病、心血管疾病等其他代谢性疾病。截止至2017年，全球超重人群从之前的16亿人增长到23亿人，其中肥胖人群从6亿人增长到7亿人。而中国的肥胖人口已稳居榜首。其中，中国超重人数约有2亿，达到肥胖的已超过9000万，且数量还在不断增加。随着人们对肥胖危害的认识，减肥越来越受到人们的关注。肥胖治疗方法包括饮食治疗、药物治疗、运动治疗、外科治疗。其中药物治疗是肥胖症的主要治疗手段，反弹率相对较小，而且比外科疗法更安全方便。但是大多数减肥药常常伴随着严重的不良反应，如易引起胃肠道不适，可导致肝脏损伤和油性便等。因此安全性更好的保健品和健康食品越来越受到人们的青睐。
壳寡糖是壳聚糖降解至2～20个聚合度的产物，是自然界中唯一带正电荷阳离子碱性氨基低聚糖，是世界生物医学界公认的第六大生命要素。具有水溶性好，人体肠道吸收接近100%，且对人体无毒副作用，生物相容性好的特点。研究表明，壳寡糖具有抗肿瘤、抑菌、抗炎、调节血脂、平衡血液胆固醇含量、减肥和抗糖尿病等生物活性。研究发现壳寡糖能显著抑制前脂肪细胞成脂分化以及之后的脂质堆积过程，降低前脂肪细胞的分化率，减小成熟脂肪细胞甘油三酯堆积，抑制脂肪细胞分化及脂质堆积；壳寡糖还能降低血清瘦素水平，提高脑内瘦素受体相关蛋白表达，缓解瘦素抵抗现象，而改善因瘦素抵抗导致的肥胖现象。壳寡糖可能就是通过抑制脂肪细胞分化及缓解瘦素抵抗这两种机制治疗肥胖。目前，壳寡糖在减肥食品中的应用越来越多，如专利201811493294.0公开了一种排油减肥的壳寡糖咖啡饮品，专利201310166557.8公开了将壳寡糖应用于制备减肥和/或降脂的药物的应用，并优选数均分子量不大于3000的壳寡糖。
琼胶寡糖是由来源于海洋红藻(如龙须菜、石花菜等)的琼胶降解得到的。根据结构的不同可以分为两种，以半乳糖为还原端的新琼寡糖和以3,6-内醚半乳糖为还原端的琼寡糖。琼胶寡糖是由酸或α-琼胶裂解酶裂解琼脂糖的α-1，3糖苷键生成，而新琼寡糖是由β-琼胶裂解酶裂解琼脂糖的β-1，4糖苷键获得的。研究发现，超重人体唾液淀粉酶（sAA）的活性平均值最低，偏瘦人体sAA活性平均值最高，说明唾液淀粉酶活性与肥胖程度呈负相关。新琼寡糖与淀粉水解过程中的某些寡糖类中间产物结构相似，对唾液淀粉酶的酶解反应有一定的诱导作用，从而提高唾液淀粉酶活性和稳定性。另外，新琼寡糖能明显促进有益菌的增长，增强葡萄糖耐受性，减缓高脂饮食作用下体重的增长，并能影响血清中抑制食欲相关激素GLP-1的含量，进一步证明了新琼寡糖是一种潜在的益生元，并具有一定的肥胖预防作用。专利201510574291.X公开了一种琼胶寡糖在制备降脂药物中的应用，但新琼寡糖在减肥食品中的应用未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，利用海洋寡糖功能活性成分复配技术，研制出具有调理肠胃，缓解便秘，减少脂肪堆积的减肥食品。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的减肥食品由下述重量份配比组成：壳寡糖3～8份、新琼寡糖2～6份、低聚糖20～35份、茶多酚5～13份、魔芋粉25～50份、山楂果粉10～16份、大豆分离蛋白40～70份。
优选的，本发明提供的减肥食品由下述重量份配比组成：壳寡糖6份、新琼寡糖5份、低聚果糖24份、茶多酚12份、魔芋粉36份、山楂果粉16份、大豆分离蛋白61份。
进一步，上述壳寡糖的平均分子量小于2000Da。
进一步，上述新琼寡糖为酶法降解得到的聚合度为2～20的偶数寡糖。
进一步，上述低聚糖是低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚木糖中的一种或者几种组合，优选为低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖中一种或两种的组合。
以上述壳寡糖、新琼寡糖、低聚糖、茶多酚、魔芋粉、山楂果粉、大豆分离蛋白，通过混合、分装等加工工艺，可制成减肥、通便、改善肠道菌群的功能性食品和医养健康食品。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明提供一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明通过壳寡糖发挥抑制脂肪细胞分化及脂肪堆积的作用，通过新琼寡糖发挥增强唾液淀粉酶活性及抑制食欲的作用，通过魔芋粉发挥提高饱腹感的作用，通过壳寡糖和茶多酚发挥调节血脂代谢、降低胆固醇的作用，壳寡糖、新琼寡糖、低聚糖发挥增殖益生菌、通便的作用，通过大豆分离蛋白提供人体所需的蛋白质。本组合物经过精心设计和试验，各种成分合理配比，协同作用，从根本上发挥减肥作用，尤其是壳寡糖和新琼寡糖的协同作用是取得显著减肥效果的根本原因。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述，以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
壳寡糖7份、新琼寡糖5份、低聚果糖30份、茶多酚10份、魔芋粉40份、山楂果粉12份、大豆分离蛋白56份。称取配方量的各物料，采用三维混合机混合30分钟，分装，10g/包；所述壳寡糖的平均分子量小于2000Da；所述新琼寡糖为酶法降解得到的聚合度为2～20的偶数寡糖。
实施例2
壳寡糖6份、新琼寡糖5份、低聚果糖24份、茶多酚12份、魔芋粉36份、山楂果粉16份、大豆分离蛋白61份。称取配方量的各物料，采用三维混合机混合30分钟，分装，10g/包；所述壳寡糖的平均分子量小于2000Da；所述新琼寡糖为酶法降解得到的聚合度为2～20的偶数寡糖。
实施例3
壳寡糖6份、新琼寡糖5份、低聚果糖24份、茶多酚12份、魔芋粉36份、山楂果粉16份、大豆分离蛋白61份。称取配方量的各物料，采用三维混合机混合30分钟，分装，10g/包；所述壳寡糖的平均分子量小于1000Da；所述新琼寡糖为酶法降解得到的聚合度为2～10的偶数寡糖。
实施例4 减肥食品的应用功效验证
选取体重70～90g的大鼠90只，适应性喂养一周。之后给予用高脂饲料(配方为基础饲料68%、猪油10%、蛋黄粉10%、蔗糖10%、食盐2%)喂养2周。再按体重增重排序，淘汰10只增重较少的大鼠，剩余大鼠再给予高脂饲料6周，建立营养性肥胖大鼠模型；
80只肥胖大鼠随机分为8组，每组10只，分别为模型对照组，具体实施例1-3组，对比实施例1-4组；具体实施例1～3组大鼠按1g/100g体重进行灌胃，模型对照组灌胃等体积蒸馏水，对比实施例1-4组分别按按1g/100g体重进行灌胃,其中对比实施例1灌胃减肥食品不含壳寡糖，其余组分及配比同实施例2；对比实施例2灌胃减肥食品不含新琼寡糖，其余组分及配比同实施例2；对比实施例3灌胃减肥食品不含壳寡糖，其余组分及配比同实施例3；对比实施例4灌胃减肥食品不含新琼寡糖，其余组分及配比同实施例3；此期间仍饲以高脂饲料；喂养30天；30后，末次喂食后禁食12h，称体重后，大鼠摘眼球取血，分离血清，以试剂盒方法测TG,TC；
实验结果如表1、表2所示：
表1海洋寡糖减肥食品对大鼠体重的影响
| 组别 | 体重(g) |
| 模型对照组 | 362.5±12.8 |
| 实施例1组 | 332.8±14.2 |
| 实施例2组 | 313.6±12.4 |
| 实施例3组 | 324.2±15.2 |
| 对比实施例1组 | 348.7±12.8 |
| 对比实施例2组 | 340.3±12.4 |
| 对比实施例3组 | 345.8±13.1 |
| 对比实施例4组 | 338.8±10.9 |
由表1可以看出,实施例1～3组和模型对照组相比，体重有明显差异，说明本申请产品具有较好的减肥效果；对照实施例实验结果表明壳寡糖和新琼寡糖间的协同作用可以显著提升产品的减肥效果；实施例2为本发明最佳实施例。
表2海洋寡糖减肥食品对大鼠总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG)的影响
| 组别 | 总胆固醇(TC) | 甘油三酯(TG) |
| 模型对照组 | 2.52±0.41 | 1.68±0.32 |
| 实施例1组 | 2.16±0.36 | 1.29±0.34 |
| 实施例2组 | 2.02±0.25 | 1.25±0.26 |
| 实施例3组 | 2.22±0.21 | 1.33±0.31 |
| 对比实施例1组 | 2.36±0.24 | 1.36±0.22 |
| 对比实施例2组 | 2.41±0.19 | 1.42±0.29 |
| 对比实施例3组 | 2.32±0.22 | 1.34±0.19 |
| 对比实施例4组 | 2.39±0.25 | 1.40±0.17 |
由表2可以看出,实施例1～3组和模型对照组相比，实施例1～3组大鼠总胆固醇和甘油三酯均明显降低。说明本申请产品具有较好的降血脂效果；对照实施例实验结果表明壳寡糖和新琼寡糖间的协同作用可以显著提升产品的降血脂效果；实施例2为本发明最佳实施例。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳的具体实施例，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (7)
1.一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，其特征在于由壳寡糖、新琼寡糖、低聚糖、茶多酚、魔芋粉、山楂果粉、大豆分离蛋白为原料组成，所述各原料组分按以下重量份进行配比：壳寡糖3～8份、新琼寡糖2～6份、低聚糖20～35份、茶多酚5～13份、魔芋粉25～50份、山楂果粉10～16份、大豆分离蛋白40～70份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，其特征在于减肥食品由下述重量份配比组成：壳寡糖6份、新琼寡糖5份、低聚果糖24份、茶多酚12份、魔芋粉36份、山楂果粉16份、大豆分离蛋白61份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，其特征在于所述的壳寡糖平均分子量小于2000Da。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，其特征在于所述新琼寡糖是以酶法降解得到的聚合度为2～20的偶数寡糖。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，其特征在于所述低聚糖是低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚木糖中的一种或者几种组合，优选为低聚果糖、低聚半乳糖中一种或两种的组合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品,其特征在于所述减肥食品的制备方法为称取配方量的各物料，采用三维混合机混合30分钟，分装，包装。
7.根据权利要求1～6中任一项所述的一种含有海洋寡糖的减肥食品，在制备减肥、通便、改善肠道菌群的功能性食品、医养健康食品中的应用。
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| CN109731001A (zh) * | 2019-02-13 | 2019-05-10 | 蓝脑科技(厦门)有限公司 | 新琼寡糖的新用途及含有新琼寡糖的组合物 |
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| CN113397170B (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2023-02-24 | 青岛海洋生物医药研究院股份有限公司 | 一种用于调节人体肠道菌群的海洋益生元组合物的应用 |
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Application publication date: 20210219 |