CN112362508A - Low-cycle strain fatigue control method for thin plate - Google Patents
Low-cycle strain fatigue control method for thin plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN112362508A CN112362508A CN202011061654.7A CN202011061654A CN112362508A CN 112362508 A CN112362508 A CN 112362508A CN 202011061654 A CN202011061654 A CN 202011061654A CN 112362508 A CN112362508 A CN 112362508A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/44—Sample treatment involving radiation, e.g. heat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0073—Fatigue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0298—Manufacturing or preparing specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling low-cycle strain fatigue of a thin plate, which comprises the steps of rolling a thin plate sample into a tubular shape, and welding a joint; performing quasi-static tensile test on the sample to obtain basic mechanical parameters of the material; placing the prefabricated sample in a fatigue testing machine for locking, sealing two ends of the prefabricated sample, reserving a reserved hole on one end, and introducing a flowing medium into an inner cavity of the prefabricated sample through the reserved hole; clamping the extensometer to the middle section of the prefabricated test sample; and setting fatigue parameters of the sample according to the obtained basic mechanical parameters of the material, and carrying out strain fatigue test. The method for controlling the low-cycle strain fatigue of the thin plate can effectively solve the problem of compression instability of the thin plate in the low-cycle strain fatigue test of the thin plate, and the extensometer is easy to place and has good stability in the test process; and the anti-buckling device is not used, no friction exists between the surface of the sample and the anti-buckling device in the test process, and the influence of the surface friction of the sample on the fatigue test precision is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sheet fatigue testing, and particularly relates to a sheet low-cycle strain fatigue control method.
Background
The strain fatigue performance of the sheet is more and more concerned in the fatigue endurance design of the vehicle body, but the buckling instability of the sheet sample can occur in the compression process; in the national standard GB/T26077 along with 2010 metal material fatigue test axial strain control method, for the strain fatigue test of a sample with the thickness less than 2.5mm, a buckling-preventing device is required to be adopted in the test control process; the geometric dimension of the anti-buckling device needs to be matched with a test sample, the force value can be increased due to friction between the anti-buckling device and the test sample, and the force value increased by the friction force at any stage of the test can not exceed 2% of the test force, so that some precautionary measures need to be taken to reduce the friction, generally, a lubricating material is smeared between the test sample and the anti-buckling device, but the clamping force of the anti-buckling device is difficult to control. In addition, after the buckling-restrained device is clamped, the extensometer can only be clamped on the narrow surface of the thin edge of the sample to measure the strain, the extensometer is not easy to place, two identical extensometers are usually required to be respectively placed on the two thin edges of the sample to measure the strain, and the average value of the strain is taken as a control parameter of an experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for controlling low-cycle strain fatigue of a thin plate, so as to solve the problems that the buckling instability of the thin plate is caused in the compression process of a strain fatigue test, the fatigue test precision is affected by the friction between a test sample and a buckling-restrained clamp, a extensometer is not easy to place, and the stability in the experimental process is poor in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for controlling low-cycle strain fatigue of a thin plate comprises the following steps:
(1) rolling the sheet sample into a tubular shape, and welding the joint;
(2) performing a quasi-static tensile test on the prefabricated sample rolled into a tubular shape to obtain basic mechanical parameters of the material;
(3) placing the prefabricated sample in a fatigue testing machine for locking, sealing two ends of the prefabricated sample, reserving a reserved hole on one end, and introducing a flowing medium into an inner cavity of the prefabricated sample through the reserved hole;
(4) clamping the extensometer to the middle section of the prefabricated test sample;
(5) and setting fatigue parameters of the sample according to the obtained basic mechanical parameters of the material, and carrying out strain fatigue test.
Further, the welding adopts a laser welding process.
Furthermore, after welding, when the performance of the welding seam area is lower than that of the base metal, the non-welding area needs to be thinned.
The weld performance is judged by whether the fracture starting position occurs in the weld zone or the non-welding zone in the quasi-static stretching process, and if the fracture starting position does not occur in the weld zone, the weld performance is superior to that of the base material, and the non-welding zone does not need to be thinned.
Further, the basic mechanical parameters of the material comprise material yield strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus.
Further, the introduced flowing medium is water.
Furthermore, the pressure of the introduced flowing medium is 0.01-10 Mpa.
The invention also provides an auxiliary tool for the sheet low-cycle strain fatigue control method, which comprises an upper clamping block A, an upper clamping block B, a lower clamping block A, a lower clamping block B, an upper end enclosure and a lower end enclosure; the symmetrical surfaces of the upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B are respectively provided with a semicircular through groove which is symmetrically arranged, and the upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B can clamp one end of a tubular sample; the symmetrical surfaces of the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B are also provided with symmetrically arranged semicircular through grooves, and the other end of the tubular sample can be clamped by the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B; the upper end enclosure or the lower end enclosure is provided with a preformed hole, and the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure can be used for plugging two ends of a tubular sample.
The upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B are clamped at one end of the tubular sample, the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B can clamp the other end of the tubular sample, namely two ends of the sample are respectively inserted into symmetrical semicircular through grooves at the upper end and the lower end, the upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B, and the outer sides of the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B can be directly locked by a clamp of a fatigue testing machine, so that the sample is fixed; the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure are used for blocking two ends of the tubular sample, and because the upper end enclosure or the lower end enclosure is provided with the preformed hole, a flowing medium with certain pressure can be introduced into the inner cavity of the tubular sample through the preformed hole, so that the stability of the sample when the sample is stressed in the experimental process is provided.
Compared with the prior art, the method for controlling the low-cycle strain fatigue of the sheet has the following advantages:
(1) according to the method for controlling the low-cycle strain fatigue of the sheet, the sheet is rolled and welded into a tube, and the flowing medium with certain pressure is introduced into the tubular sample, so that the sample is more stable in the experimental process, the problem of buckling instability of the sheet in the compression process of a strain fatigue test is solved, the test operation is simple, the test result is accurate, and the experimental result is helpful for guiding the design and evaluation of the service performance of a vehicle body;
(2) compared with the existing extensometer which can only be clamped on the narrow surface of the thin edge of the sample to measure the strain, the extensometer is easier to place and has good stability in the test process;
(3) according to the method for controlling the low-cycle strain fatigue of the thin plate, the anti-buckling device is not used, no friction exists between the surface of the sample and the anti-buckling device in the test process, and the influence of the surface friction of the sample on the fatigue test precision is eliminated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low cycle strain fatigue test installation of a sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tubular sample according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a tubular sample; 2, sealing an upper end; 3, lower end enclosure; 4-mounting a clamp block; 5-mounting a clamping block B; 6-lower A clamp block; 7-lower B clamp block; 8-reserving holes; 9-extensometer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Taking a certain automobile steel low cycle fatigue test as an example, the aim is to obtain the low cycle fatigue performance of the thin plate without influence on the performance of a welding seam area. The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
(1) rolling hot formed steel with the plate thickness of 1.5mm into a tubular shape under the supply state, and splicing and welding the tubular shape into a tubular sample 1 with the inner diameter of 20mm and the length of 100mm by laser, as shown in figure 2;
(2) the steel plate needs to be pretreated before the experiment: placing a ceramic support rod in the tubular sample 1, heating and austenitizing the tubular sample in a heating furnace, transferring the heated sample into a water tank for quenching, and taking out the ceramic support rod to obtain the hot formed steel in a service state;
(3) performing a static tensile test on the tubular sample 1 in service, wherein the fracture starting position does not occur at the position of a weld joint in the static tensile process, the weld joint has excellent performance, and the material sample does not need to be thinned further; obtaining basic mechanical parameters of the material through a quasi-static tensile test;
(4) transferring the tubular sample 1 into a fatigue testing machine; respectively inserting an upper end enclosure 2 and a lower end enclosure 3 at two ends of a tubular sample 1; coating an upper clamping block A4 and an upper clamping block B5 at one end of a tubular sample 1, coating the other end of the tubular sample 1 with a lower clamping block A6 and a lower clamping block B7, and clamping and locking the upper clamping block A4, the upper clamping block B5, the lower clamping block A6 and the lower clamping block B7 by a hydraulic horizontal pushing clamp of a fatigue testing machine so as to fix the tubular sample 1, as shown in figure 1;
(5) clamping the extensometer 9 to the middle section of the prefabricated tubular specimen 1; introducing 5Mpa water into the tubular sample 1 through a preformed hole 8 on the upper end enclosure 2;
(6) setting a strain fatigue control parameter and carrying out related fatigue tests according to the obtained basic mechanical parameters of the material; specific test parameters and results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 11500 MPa class of thermoformed steel (1.5mm) sheet Low cycle fatigue test data
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A method for controlling low-cycle strain fatigue of a thin plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) rolling the sheet sample into a tubular shape, and welding the joint;
(2) performing a quasi-static tensile test on the prefabricated sample rolled into a tubular shape to obtain basic mechanical parameters of the material;
(3) placing the prefabricated sample in a fatigue testing machine for locking, sealing two ends of the prefabricated sample, reserving a reserved hole on one end, and introducing a flowing medium into an inner cavity of the prefabricated sample through the reserved hole;
(4) clamping the extensometer to the middle section of the prefabricated test sample;
(5) and setting fatigue parameters of the sample according to the obtained basic mechanical parameters of the material, and carrying out strain fatigue test.
2. The method of controlling low cycle strain fatigue of a sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the welding adopts a laser welding process.
3. The method of controlling low cycle strain fatigue of a sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: after welding, when the performance of the welding seam area is lower than that of the base metal, the non-welding area needs to be thinned.
4. The method of controlling low cycle strain fatigue of a sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the basic mechanical parameters of the material comprise material yield strength, tensile strength and elastic modulus.
5. The method of controlling low cycle strain fatigue of a sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the introduced flowing medium is water.
6. The method of controlling low cycle strain fatigue of a sheet as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the introduced flowing medium is 0.01-10 Mpa.
7. An auxiliary tool for the sheet low cycle strain fatigue control method of claim 1, characterized in that: comprises an upper clamping block A, an upper clamping block B, a lower clamping block A, a lower clamping block B, an upper end enclosure and a lower end enclosure; the symmetrical surfaces of the upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B are respectively provided with a semicircular through groove which is symmetrically arranged, and the upper clamping block A and the upper clamping block B can clamp one end of a tubular sample; the symmetrical surfaces of the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B are also provided with symmetrically arranged semicircular through grooves, and the other end of the tubular sample can be clamped by the lower clamping block A and the lower clamping block B; the upper end enclosure or the lower end enclosure is provided with a preformed hole, and the upper end enclosure and the lower end enclosure can be used for plugging two ends of a tubular sample.
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| CN202011061654.7A CN112362508B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Low-cycle strain fatigue control method for thin plate |
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| CN202011061654.7A CN112362508B (en) | 2020-09-30 | 2020-09-30 | Low-cycle strain fatigue control method for thin plate |
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| CN112362508B CN112362508B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113654928A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-16 | 无锡百年通工业输送有限公司 | Method for detecting dynamic flex fatigue performance of tubular conveyer belt |
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2020
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| CN112362508B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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