CN112361860A - Modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device and heat exchange method - Google Patents

Modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device and heat exchange method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112361860A
CN112361860A CN202011229459.0A CN202011229459A CN112361860A CN 112361860 A CN112361860 A CN 112361860A CN 202011229459 A CN202011229459 A CN 202011229459A CN 112361860 A CN112361860 A CN 112361860A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
heat
evaporation
heat storage
organic working
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CN202011229459.0A
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CN112361860B (en
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黄云
姚华
王燕
王君雷
杨庆利
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Nanjing Green Manufacturing Industry Innovation Research Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
Nanjing Green Manufacturing Industry Innovation Research Institute of Process Engineering of CAS
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Priority to CN202011229459.0A priority Critical patent/CN112361860B/en
Publication of CN112361860A publication Critical patent/CN112361860A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • F28D5/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation in which the evaporating medium flows in a continuous film or trickles freely over the conduits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20336—Heat pipes, e.g. wicks or capillary pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20345—Sprayers; Atomizers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
    • F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
    • F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a modular double-phase-change composite thermal control system device and a heat exchange method, wherein the system device comprises a phase-change heat storage module and a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module which are sequentially connected; the phase-change heat storage module is internally provided with a heat storage material and at least one evaporation tube group inserted into the phase-change heat storage module; the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module comprises a shell, at least one condensation pipe group connected with the evaporation pipe group is arranged in the shell, and an atomization component is arranged at the top in the shell. The heat exchange method comprises the following steps: the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heat storage material heats up and stores heat, and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation pipe group, the heated heat exchange medium enters the condenser pipe in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module, the atomization assembly sprays organic working medium into the shell to condense the condenser pipe, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporation pipe group. The invention combines the phase-change heat storage, heat pipe heat exchange and vacuum flash evaporation spray cooling technologies, and has the characteristics of high heat exchange efficiency and the like.

Description

Modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device and heat exchange method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of thermal control, relates to a thermal control system device, and particularly relates to a modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device and a heat exchange method.
Background
With the rapid development of microelectronic technology, laser technology and aerospace technology, the integration and scale degree of electronic components is higher and higher, so that the heating power of equipment is continuously increased, even the heat of hundreds of watts to kilowatts can be generated by each square centimeter of key components, and the failure probability of the components is greatly increased. The 10 ℃ rule indicates that: the reliability of the electronic device is closely related to the temperature, and when the temperature is 70-80 ℃, the reliability of the electronic device is reduced by 50% when the temperature is increased by 10 ℃. The traditional heat dissipation methods such as natural convection, forced convection, and heat dissipation by ordinary heat pipes cannot meet the requirements of electronic technology development. Therefore, how to efficiently and reliably solve the problem of rapid heat dissipation of the high heat flux device is very important.
Aiming at the requirement of cooling high-power equipment, the existing high-efficiency heat exchange technology mainly comprises jet flow impact cooling, micro-channel cooling and spray cooling. The jet impact cooling technology is that the cooling working medium is sprayed to the cooled part through the nozzle in high speed jet flow under the action of pressure difference, and the working medium and the surface perform heat convection to achieve the purpose of cooling. The heat transfer coefficient of jet impact heat exchange is several times higher than that of conventional convection heat exchange, but the jet impact heat exchange has the following limitations: for example, the edge of the impact area has a dry-out phenomenon, so that the heat transfer capability of the area is poor, and the damage of the device is easily caused. The cooling technology of micro-channel is to use a precise processing method to manufacture a micro-scale channel on a metal substrateThe liquid takes away heat when flowing through the channel, and the heat flow density can reach 100W/cm in normal operation2The above, but the disadvantages are: because the structure of the micro-channel is very complex and all micro-scale, when the cooling working medium flows through the channel for a long time, the channel is easy to be blocked and scaled, so that the pressure loss in the channel is increased, and strong external force is needed for driving. The spray cooling is a cooling mode that a continuous liquid working medium is pressurized and then atomized into countless discrete small drops through a nozzle, the drops impact a cooled surface at a high speed to form a layer of liquid film, and heat is taken away through single-phase convection and two-phase boiling, so that the heat flow density can reach 1000W/cm2The heat exchanger has the advantages of small volume, strong heat dissipation capacity, small temperature difference in the cooling process, small working medium demand, no boiling hysteresis, no contact thermal resistance with the solid surface, stable and reliable operation and the like, thereby being paid attention to.
CN109041523A discloses a synthetic double-jet spray cooling device based on ultrasonic atomization, combines double-jet exciter and ultrasonic micropore atomization piece, atomizes the coolant liquid by the atomization piece, and then sprays out the fog drops with the unique property of synthetic double-jet by synthetic double-jet module, and the device's spraying speed, direction, pulse frequency can all be adjusted, have characteristics such as compact structure, heat-sinking capability are strong, the energy consumption is low and control is nimble. But it is because of the structure of electronic components and parts to the problem that the heat dissipation space is little to can't dispel the heat effectively, in addition, the efflux strikes and very easily causes the damage of device.
CN103841797A discloses a heat dissipation structure, which includes a heat sink, a fan and a water spraying device, wherein water in a water tank flows into a water outlet pipe to form liquid droplets, the fan atomizes the liquid droplets in the water outlet pipe to form water mist, the water mist is blown to and attached to the heat sink, and the air flow generated by the fan simultaneously evaporates the water mist attached to the heat sink to take away heat on the heat sink. However, the heat transfer is hindered by a complicated heat exchange surface of the electronic component, and a water film generated on the surface of the electronic component hinders heat transfer, and the mounting is difficult.
The existing thermal control devices all have the problems of difficult installation, poor heat dissipation effect and the like caused by the structural influence of electronic components, so that the existing thermal control devices have the characteristics of convenience in installation, flexibility in arrangement and the like under the condition of ensuring the excellent heat dissipation effect of the thermal control devices, and become the problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a modularized double-phase-change composite thermal control system device and a heat exchange method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a modular double-phase-change composite thermal control system device, which comprises a phase-change heat storage module and a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module which are sequentially connected; the phase-change heat storage module is internally provided with a heat storage material and at least one evaporation tube group inserted into the phase-change heat storage module; the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module comprises a shell, at least one condensation pipe group connected with an evaporation pipe group is arranged in the shell, and an atomization component is arranged at the top in the shell; the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heated heat exchange medium in the evaporating pipe group enters the condensing pipe group for condensation, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporating pipe group.
According to the invention, the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heat storage material stores heat in a phase change way and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation pipe group, the heated heat exchange medium enters the condensation pipe group to exchange heat with small liquid drops sprayed by the atomization component, and the phase change heat storage, heat pipe heat exchange and vacuum flash evaporation spray heat exchange technology are combined, so that multiple phase change heat exchange is realized, the heat transfer coefficient is high, the requirement of high-cold-quantity heat dissipation under the extreme condition of the electronic component is facilitated, and multiple guarantees are provided for the safe and stable operation of the electronic.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the evaporation tube group includes at least one evaporation tube arranged side by side in a horizontal direction.
Preferably, the evaporation tubes in adjacent evaporation tube groups are arranged in a staggered mode.
The evaporation tubes are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the uniformity of the temperature field of the internal space of the phase-change heat storage module is maintained, and the transmission rate of high-density heat flow is further improved.
Preferably, a porous foam metal framework is arranged inside the phase-change heat storage module, and heat storage materials are arranged in pores of the porous foam metal framework.
Preferably, the evaporation tube is inserted into the porous foam metal framework.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the heat storage material includes a phase change heat storage material.
According to the invention, through the phase-change heat storage material, a large amount of heat can be absorbed and stored by utilizing phase-change latent heat, the heat storage material is subjected to phase change, but the temperature is almost kept unchanged, and a wide temperature platform is formed, so that the heat exchange temperature difference with a heat exchange medium is ensured.
Preferably, the phase-change heat storage material comprises hydrated salts and/or paraffin.
Preferably, the hydrated salts include any one or a combination of at least two of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, or disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the condensation tube group includes at least one condensation tube arranged side by side in a horizontal direction, and the condensation tubes are respectively and independently connected to the evaporation tubes.
Preferably, the condensation pipes in adjacent condensation pipe groups are arranged in a staggered mode.
Preferably, the atomization assembly comprises at least one atomization nozzle, the spraying direction of the atomization nozzle is perpendicular to the axis of the condensation pipe, and the atomization nozzle is used for spraying the organic working medium into the shell.
According to the invention, the organic working medium is contacted with the condensation pipe in a small droplet form through the atomizing nozzle, the small droplets of the organic working medium are subjected to flash evaporation and gasification on the outer surface of the condensation pipe, the heat exchange medium in the condensation pipe is condensed and reflows, the condensation pipe has strong heat exchange capability, and the temperature difference in the condensation process is small.
Preferably, the atomizing nozzles are arranged in a matrix.
The atomizing nozzles arranged in a matrix manner are arranged, so that atomized micro liquid drops can be in full contact with the condensing tube, flash evaporation and gasification are completed, and rapid heat exchange of heat exchange media in the condensing tube is realized.
Preferably, the heat exchange medium comprises ammonia and/or freon working medium.
Preferably, the freon working medium comprises dichloromonofluoromethane and/or trichlorotrifluoroethane.
Preferably, the organic working medium comprises n-pentane and/or ethanol.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the top of the shell is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is connected with a jet ejector, and the jet ejector is used for sucking air in the shell.
The invention sucks the gas in the shell through the jet air extractor, forms a certain vacuum degree in the shell, reduces the gasification temperature of the organic working medium, further leads the liquid drops to be easy to flash and gasify, better utilizes the latent heat of phase change and effectively improves the heat dissipation effect.
Preferably, a gas-liquid filter screen is arranged at the gas outlet.
Preferably, a partition plate is arranged between the gas-liquid filter screen and the atomization assembly, the partition plate is arranged at the top of the shell, and the partition plate is used for blocking liquid sprayed by the atomization assembly from entering the gas-liquid filter screen.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the shell is also in circulating connection with the heat exchanger, and the organic working medium in the shell flows through the heat exchanger, enters the atomization assembly and is sprayed into the shell through the atomization assembly.
Preferably, a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump are sequentially arranged between the shell and the heat exchanger along the flow direction of the organic working medium.
Preferably, the liquid outlet end of the jet ejector is connected to the liquid storage tank.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the atomization component, and the other path is connected to the jet air ejector.
Preferably, the evaporation pipe and the condensation pipe are connected through a flexible pipeline.
According to the invention, the evaporation pipe is connected with the condensation pipe through the flexible pipeline, so that the arrangement of the phase-change heat storage module and the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module is more flexible, and the heat dissipation requirement in a narrow space is more suitable.
Preferably, the outer wall of the flexible pipe is provided with a thermal insulation layer.
According to the invention, the heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the flexible pipeline, so that the dissipation of heat to the environment is reduced, and the utilization rate of the heat is improved.
Preferably, the position of the evaporation pipe is lower than that of the connected condensation pipe.
According to the invention, the position of the evaporation tube is lower than that of the condensation tube, heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube is heated and gasified, then enters the condensation tube for condensation, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporation tube through gravity.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for exchanging heat of a thermal fluid by using the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system apparatus according to the first aspect, where the heat exchanging method includes:
the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heat storage material heats up and stores heat, and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation pipe group, the heated heat exchange medium enters the condensation pipe group in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module, the atomization component sprays organic working medium into the shell to condense the condensation pipe group, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporation pipe group.
The invention stores heat through the heat storage material, and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube group, the heated heat exchange medium is gasified and then enters the condensation tube group, the atomization component sprays liquid drops in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module to contact with the condensation tube group for gasification and heat exchange, so that the condensation tube group is condensed, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporation tube group.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the heat exchange method specifically includes:
the heat fluid is in contact with the phase change heat storage module for heat exchange, and when the temperature of the heat storage material is raised to a phase change point, the heat storage material is converted from a solid state to a liquid state; meanwhile, the heat storage material heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube, and the heat exchange medium enters the condensation tube along the flexible pipeline after being converted from a liquid state to a gaseous state;
(II) spraying organic working media into the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module through the atomization assembly, enabling organic working medium droplets to be in flash evaporation gasification after being connected with the condenser pipe, liquefying and refluxing a heat exchange medium in the condenser pipe to the evaporation pipe, separating the gasified organic working media through a gas-liquid filter screen under the suction action, enabling gaseous organic working media to enter a jet flow air extractor, and enabling liquid organic working media to enter a liquid storage tank;
(III) the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the jet air ejector enters a liquid storage tank and is mixed with the liquid organic working medium, the mixed organic working medium enters a heat exchanger and is divided into two paths after heat exchange and cooling, one path of the mixed organic working medium enters the jet air ejector, and the other path of the mixed organic working medium is sprayed into a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module through an atomization assembly to cool the condenser pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (II), the degree of vacuum in the vacuum flash heat-exchange module is 1.5 to 3.5kPa, for example, 1.5kPa, 1.7kPa, 1.9kPa, 2.1kPa, 2.3kPa, 2.5kPa, 2.7kPa, 2.9kPa, 3.1kPa, 3.3kPa, or 3.5 kPa.
Preferably, in step (III), the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 50 to 65 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 51 ℃, 52 ℃, 53 ℃, 54 ℃, 55 ℃, 56 ℃, 57 ℃, 58 ℃, 59 ℃, 60 ℃, 61 ℃, 62 ℃, 63 ℃, 64 ℃ or 65 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (III), the temperature of the organic working medium after heat exchange and temperature reduction is 30-45 ℃, for example, 30 ℃, 31 ℃, 32 ℃, 33 ℃, 34 ℃, 35 ℃, 36 ℃, 37 ℃, 38 ℃, 39 ℃, 40 ℃, 41 ℃, 42 ℃, 43 ℃, 44 ℃ or 45 ℃.
The recitation of numerical ranges herein includes not only the above-recited numerical values, but also any numerical values between non-recited numerical ranges, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise numerical values encompassed within the range for brevity and clarity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, heat is exchanged between hot fluid and a heat storage material, the heat storage material is subjected to phase change heat storage and heats a heat exchange medium in an evaporation pipe set, the heated heat exchange medium enters a condensation pipe set, small liquid drops sprayed by an atomization assembly are subjected to gasification heat exchange on the outer surface of the condensation pipe set, and the heat exchange medium in the condensation pipe set is condensed and flows back to the evaporation pipe set; the invention combines the phase-change heat storage, heat pipe heat exchange and vacuum flash evaporation spray heat exchange technologies, utilizes the phase-change heat storage of the heat storage material, the phase-change heat exchange of the heat exchange medium and the phase-change heat exchange of the organic working medium, fully utilizes the phase-change latent heat, has the characteristics of high heat transfer coefficient, high heat exchange efficiency and the like, can reach more than 73.9 percent of heat exchange efficiency under given experimental conditions, is more favorable for the requirement of large-cooling-capacity heat dissipation of electronic components under extreme conditions, and provides multiple guarantees for the safe and stable operation of the electronic components.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular dual-phase-change composite thermal control system apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an arrangement of evaporating tubes provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of a vacuum flash heat exchange module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the 1-phase change heat storage module; 2-a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module; 3-flexible pipe; 4-evaporating pipe group; 5-heat storage material; 6-a condensation tube group; 7-an atomizing component; 8-a shell; 9-gas-liquid filter screen; 10-a separator; 11-a liquid storage tank; 12-jet ejector; 13-a heat exchanger; 14-a circulation pump; 15-an evaporation tube; 16-porous foam metal skeleton; 17-an atomizing nozzle; 18-condenser tube.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be taken as limiting the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "connected" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention necessarily includes necessary piping, conventional valves and general pump equipment for achieving the complete process, but the above contents do not belong to the main inventive points of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can select the layout of the additional equipment based on the process flow and the equipment structure, and the present invention is not particularly limited to this.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a modular dual-phase-change composite thermal control system apparatus, which includes a phase-change thermal storage module 1 and a vacuum flash evaporation thermal exchange module 2 connected in sequence, wherein a thermal storage material 5 is disposed in the phase-change thermal storage module 1, and at least one evaporation tube set 4 inserted into the phase-change thermal storage module 1, the vacuum flash evaporation thermal exchange module 2 includes a casing 8, at least one condensation tube set 6 connected to the evaporation tube set 4 is disposed in the casing 8, and an atomization assembly 7 is disposed at the top inside the casing 8; the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material 5, a heat exchange medium heated in the evaporating pipe group 4 enters the condensing pipe group 6 to be condensed, and flows back to the evaporating pipe group 4 after being condensed, wherein the heat exchange medium comprises ammonia and/or freon working media, and the freon working media comprise dichloromonofluoromethane and/or trichlorotrifluoroethane.
According to the invention, heat is exchanged between the hot fluid and the heat storage material 5, the heat storage material 5 stores heat in a phase change manner and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube group 4, the heated heat exchange medium enters the condensation tube group 6 to exchange heat with small liquid drops sprayed by the atomization component 7, and multiple phase change heat exchanges are realized by combining the phase change heat storage, heat pipe heat exchange and vacuum flash evaporation spray heat exchange technologies, so that the high heat transfer coefficient is provided, the requirement of high-cold-quantity heat dissipation of electronic components under extreme conditions is further facilitated, and multiple guarantees are provided for safe and stable operation of the electronic components.
As shown in fig. 2, a porous foam metal framework 16 is arranged inside the phase-change heat storage module 1, and heat storage materials 5 are arranged in pores of the porous foam metal framework 16; the evaporation tube groups 4 comprise at least one evaporation tube 15 which is arranged side by side along the horizontal direction, the evaporation tubes 15 in the adjacent evaporation tube groups 4 are arranged in a staggered mode, and the evaporation tubes 15 are arranged in a staggered mode, so that the uniformity of a space temperature field in the phase change heat storage module 1 is maintained, and the heat transfer rate of high-density heat flow is further improved; the evaporation tube 15 is inserted into the porous foam metal framework 16, and the heat storage material 5 comprises any one or a combination of at least two of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate or paraffin.
As shown in fig. 3, the condenser tube set 6 includes at least one condenser tube 18 that sets up side by side along the horizontal direction, and the condenser tube 18 is respectively through the independently connected evaporating pipe 15 of flexible pipeline 3, and the position of evaporating pipe 15 is less than the position of the condenser tube 18 that meets, and the outer wall of flexible pipeline 3 is provided with the heat insulation layer, connects through flexible pipeline 3, makes arranging of phase change heat-retaining module 1 and vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 more nimble, more is fit for narrow and small space heat dissipation demand. The condensation pipes 18 in the adjacent condensation pipe groups 6 are arranged in a staggered way; atomization component 7 includes at least one atomizing nozzle 17, and atomizing nozzle 17 is the matrix and arranges, and atomizing nozzle 17's blowout direction is perpendicular with condenser pipe 18's axis for to spraying organic working medium in the casing 8, through the atomizing nozzle 17 that sets up the matrix and arrange, be favorable to the abundant heat transfer of the small liquid drop after the atomizing, and accomplish the flash vaporization, realize the thermal quick cooling of condenser pipe 18 transmission. Wherein the organic working medium comprises n-pentane and/or ethanol.
The gas outlet has been seted up at 8 tops of casing, and gas outlet department is provided with gas-liquid filter screen 9, and jet ejector 12 is connected to the gas outlet for the gas in the suction casing 8, through jet ejector 12 with the gas suction in the casing 8, and make and form certain vacuum in the casing 8, further make the better flash distillation heat transfer of liquid drop, effectively improve the radiating effect. A partition plate 10 is arranged between the gas-liquid filter screen 9 and the atomization assembly 7, and the partition plate 10 is arranged at the top of the shell 8 and used for blocking liquid sprayed by the atomization assembly 7 from entering the gas-liquid filter screen 9.
The shell 8 is also circularly connected with a heat exchanger 13, and the organic working medium in the shell 8 flows through the heat exchanger 13, enters the atomization assembly 7 and is sprayed into the shell 8 through the atomization assembly 7; between casing 8 and heat exchanger 13, liquid storage tank 11 and circulating pump 14 have set gradually along organic working medium flow direction, and the liquid outlet end of efflux air ejector 12 inserts liquid storage tank 11, and in addition, the export of heat exchanger 13 is divided into two tunnel, inserts atomizing component 7 all the way, inserts efflux air ejector 12 all the way.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for exchanging heat with a thermal fluid by using the above modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system apparatus, where the heat exchanging method specifically includes:
the thermal fluid is in contact with the phase-change heat storage module 1 for heat exchange, and when the temperature of the heat storage material 5 is raised to a phase-change point, the heat storage material is converted from a solid state to a liquid state; meanwhile, the heat storage material 5 heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube 15, and the heat exchange medium is converted from a liquid state to a gaseous state and then enters the condensation tube 18 along the flexible pipeline 3;
(II) organic working media are sprayed into the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 through the atomization assembly 7, the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 1.5-3.5 kPa, organic working media droplets are in contact with the condensation pipe 18 and then are subjected to flash evaporation and gasification, a heat exchange medium in the condensation pipe 18 is liquefied and flows back to the evaporation pipe 15, the gasified organic working media are separated through the gas-liquid filter screen 9 under the suction effect, gaseous organic working media enter the jet ejector 12, and liquid organic working media enter the liquid storage tank 11;
(III) the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the jet air ejector 12 enters the liquid storage tank 11 to be mixed with the liquid organic working medium, the mixed organic working medium enters the heat exchanger 13 and is divided into two paths after heat exchange and temperature reduction, one path enters the jet air ejector 12, and the other path is sprayed into the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 through the atomizing assembly 7 to cool the condenser pipe 18. Wherein the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 50-65 ℃, and the temperature of the organic working medium subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction is 30-45 ℃.
Wherein the hot fluid is hot air flow from the surface of a high-temperature electronic device, and the temperature is 65-75 ℃.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on a specific embodiment, wherein sodium acetate trihydrate and five evaporation tube groups 4 inserted into a phase change heat storage module 1 are arranged in the phase change heat storage module 1; five condensation pipe groups 6 connected with the evaporation pipe group 4 are arranged in the shell 8, the atomization component 7 comprises six atomization nozzles 17, and the organic working medium comprises n-pentane.
The embodiment also provides a method for exchanging heat for a hot fluid by adopting the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on the heat exchange method of a specific embodiment, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 1.5kPa, the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 59.5 ℃, and the temperature of the organic working medium after heat exchange and temperature reduction is 40.1 ℃.
The system device exchanges heat with hot fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency reaches 75.3 percent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on a specific embodiment, wherein sodium sulfate decahydrate and three evaporation tube groups 4 inserted into a phase change heat storage module 1 are arranged in the phase change heat storage module 1; three condensation pipe groups 6 connected with the evaporation pipe group 4 are arranged in the shell 8, the atomization component 7 comprises four atomization nozzles 17, and the organic working medium comprises ethanol.
The embodiment also provides a method for exchanging heat for a hot fluid by adopting the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on the heat exchange method of a specific embodiment, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 2.0kPa, the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 50 ℃, and the temperature of the heat-exchanged and cooled organic working medium is 30 ℃.
The system device exchanges heat with hot fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency reaches 73.9 percent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a modularized double-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on a specific embodiment, wherein a heat storage material 5 disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate and six evaporation tube sets 4 inserted into a phase change heat storage module 1 are arranged in the phase change heat storage module 1; six condensation pipe groups 6 connected with the evaporation pipe group 4 are arranged in the shell 8, the atomization component 7 comprises eight atomization nozzles 17, and the organic working medium comprises n-pentane and ethanol.
The embodiment also provides a method for exchanging heat for a hot fluid by adopting the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on the heat exchange method of a specific embodiment, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 2.5kPa, the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 65 ℃, and the temperature of the heat-exchanged and cooled organic working medium is 45 ℃.
The system device exchanges heat with hot fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency reaches 76.3 percent.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on a specific embodiment, wherein a phase change heat storage module 1 is internally provided with sodium acetate trihydrate and sodium sulfate decahydrate, the mass ratio of the sodium acetate trihydrate to the sodium sulfate decahydrate is 1:1, and three evaporation tube groups 4 inserted into the phase change heat conversion module 1; three condensation pipe groups 6 connected with the evaporation pipe group 4 are arranged in the shell 8, the atomization component 7 comprises ten atomization nozzles 17, and the organic working medium comprises n-pentane.
The embodiment also provides a method for exchanging heat for a hot fluid by adopting the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on the heat exchange method of a specific embodiment, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 3.0kPa, the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 60.5 ℃, and the temperature of the organic working medium after heat exchange and temperature reduction is 39.8 ℃.
The system device exchanges heat with hot fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency reaches 77.8%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a modular double-phase-change composite thermal control system device, which is based on a specific embodiment, wherein a phase-change heat storage module 1 is internally provided with sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate and paraffin, the mass ratio of the sodium acetate trihydrate, the sodium sulfate decahydrate and the paraffin is 1:1:1, and three evaporation tube groups 4 inserted into the phase-change heat storage module 1; three condensation pipe groups 6 connected with the evaporation pipe group 4 are arranged in the shell 8, the atomization component 7 comprises six atomization nozzles 17, and the organic working medium comprises ethanol.
The embodiment also provides a method for exchanging heat for a hot fluid by adopting the modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device, which is based on the heat exchange method of a specific embodiment, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module 2 is 3.5kPa, the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 58.7 ℃, and the temperature of the organic working medium after heat exchange and temperature reduction is 38.5 ℃.
The system device exchanges heat with hot fluid, and the heat exchange efficiency reaches 76.5 percent.
According to the invention, heat is exchanged between hot fluid and a heat storage material 5, the heat storage material 5 is subjected to phase change heat storage and heats a heat exchange medium in an evaporation tube group 4, the heated heat exchange medium enters a condensation tube group 6, small liquid drops sprayed by an atomization component 7 are subjected to gasification heat exchange on the outer surface of the condensation tube group 6, and the heat exchange medium in the condensation tube group 6 is condensed and flows back to the evaporation tube group 4; the invention combines the phase-change heat storage, heat pipe heat exchange and vacuum flash evaporation spray heat exchange technologies, utilizes the phase-change heat storage of the heat storage material 5, the phase-change heat exchange of the heat exchange medium and the phase-change heat exchange of the organic working medium, fully utilizes the phase-change latent heat, has the characteristics of high heat transfer coefficient, high heat exchange efficiency and the like, can reach more than 73.9 percent of heat exchange efficiency under given experimental conditions, is more favorable for the requirement of large-cold-quantity heat dissipation under extreme conditions of electronic components, and provides multiple guarantees for the safe and stable operation of the electronic components.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A modular dual-phase change composite thermal control system device is characterized by comprising a phase change heat storage module and a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module which are sequentially connected; the phase-change heat storage module is internally provided with a heat storage material and at least one evaporation tube group inserted into the phase-change heat storage module;
the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module comprises a shell, at least one condensation pipe group connected with an evaporation pipe group is arranged in the shell, and an atomization component is arranged at the top in the shell;
the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heated heat exchange medium in the evaporating pipe group enters the condensing pipe group for condensation, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporating pipe group.
2. The system set of claim 1, wherein the evaporator tube bank comprises at least one evaporator tube arranged horizontally side by side;
preferably, the evaporation tubes in adjacent evaporation tube groups are arranged in a staggered manner;
preferably, a porous foam metal framework is arranged inside the phase-change heat storage module, and heat storage materials are arranged in pores of the porous foam metal framework;
preferably, the evaporation tube is inserted into the porous foam metal framework.
3. The system-device of claim 1 or 2, wherein said heat storage material comprises a phase-change heat storage material;
preferably, the phase-change heat storage material comprises hydrated salts and/or paraffin;
preferably, the hydrated salts include any one or a combination of at least two of sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium sulfate decahydrate, or disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate.
4. The system device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the condensation tube group comprises at least one condensation tube arranged side by side along the horizontal direction, and the condensation tubes are respectively and independently connected with the evaporation tubes;
preferably, the condensing tubes in the adjacent condensing tube groups are arranged in a staggered manner;
preferably, the atomization assembly comprises at least one atomization nozzle, the spraying direction of the atomization nozzle is perpendicular to the axis of the condensation pipe, and the atomization nozzle is used for spraying the organic working medium into the shell;
preferably, the atomizing nozzles are arranged in a matrix;
preferably, the heat exchange medium comprises ammonia and/or freon working medium;
preferably, the freon working medium comprises dichloromonofluoromethane and/or trichlorotrifluoroethane;
preferably, the organic working medium comprises n-pentane and/or ethanol.
5. The system device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the top of the housing is provided with an air outlet, the air outlet is connected with a jet ejector, and the jet ejector is used for sucking air in the housing;
preferably, a gas-liquid filter screen is arranged at the gas outlet;
preferably, a partition plate is arranged between the gas-liquid filter screen and the atomization assembly, the partition plate is arranged at the top of the shell, and the partition plate is used for blocking liquid sprayed by the atomization assembly from entering the gas-liquid filter screen.
6. The system device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the housing is further connected with a heat exchanger in a circulating manner, and the organic working medium in the housing flows through the heat exchanger, enters the atomizing assembly and is sprayed into the housing through the atomizing assembly;
preferably, a liquid storage tank and a circulating pump are sequentially arranged between the shell and the heat exchanger along the flow direction of the organic working medium;
preferably, the liquid outlet end of the jet ejector is connected to the liquid storage tank.
7. The system device according to claim 6, wherein the outlet of the heat exchanger is divided into two paths, one path is connected to the atomizing assembly, and the other path is connected to the jet ejector;
preferably, the evaporation pipe is connected with the condensation pipe through a flexible pipeline;
preferably, the outer wall of the flexible pipe is provided with a heat insulating layer;
preferably, the position of the evaporation pipe is lower than that of the connected condensation pipe.
8. A method for exchanging heat with a hot fluid by using the modular dual phase change composite thermal control system apparatus of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the method for exchanging heat comprises:
the hot fluid exchanges heat with the heat storage material, the heat storage material heats up and stores heat, and heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation pipe group, the heated heat exchange medium enters the condenser pipe in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module, the atomization assembly sprays organic working medium into the shell to condense the condenser pipe, and the condensed heat exchange medium flows back to the evaporation pipe group.
9. The heat exchange method according to claim 8, wherein the heat exchange method specifically comprises:
the heat fluid is in contact with the phase change heat storage module for heat exchange, and when the temperature of the heat storage material is raised to a phase change point, the heat storage material is converted from a solid state to a liquid state; meanwhile, the heat storage material heats the heat exchange medium in the evaporation tube, and the heat exchange medium enters the condensation tube along the flexible pipeline after being converted from a liquid state to a gaseous state;
(II) spraying organic working media into the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module through the atomization assembly, enabling organic working medium droplets to be in flash evaporation gasification after being connected with the condenser pipe, liquefying and refluxing a heat exchange medium in the condenser pipe to the evaporation pipe, separating the gasified organic working media through a gas-liquid filter screen under the suction action, enabling gaseous organic working media to enter a jet flow air extractor, and enabling liquid organic working media to enter a liquid storage tank;
(III) the gas-liquid mixture discharged by the jet air ejector enters a liquid storage tank and is mixed with the liquid organic working medium, the mixed organic working medium enters a heat exchanger and is divided into two paths after heat exchange and cooling, one path of the mixed organic working medium enters the jet air ejector, and the other path of the mixed organic working medium is sprayed into a vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module through an atomization assembly to cool the condenser pipe.
10. The heat exchange method according to claim 9, wherein in the step (II), the vacuum degree in the vacuum flash evaporation heat exchange module is 1.5-3.5 kPa;
preferably, in the step (III), the temperature of the mixed organic working medium is 50-65 ℃;
preferably, in the step (III), the temperature of the organic working medium after heat exchange and temperature reduction is 30-45 ℃.
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CN115490383A (en) * 2022-09-27 2022-12-20 国能神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 Membrane distillation device

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