CN112360503B - Roadway surrounding rock supporting method and device based on sealing film and atmospheric pressure - Google Patents
Roadway surrounding rock supporting method and device based on sealing film and atmospheric pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112360503B CN112360503B CN202011043684.5A CN202011043684A CN112360503B CN 112360503 B CN112360503 B CN 112360503B CN 202011043684 A CN202011043684 A CN 202011043684A CN 112360503 B CN112360503 B CN 112360503B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 277
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 238
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
- E21D19/04—Provisional protective covers for working space for use in drifting galleries
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway tunneling and supporting, and provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method and device based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after excavating the roadway, cleaning the surface of surrounding rock in the roadway; comprehensively evaluating fractures of the surface of the surrounding rock; laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, and arranging an air suction port; and performing air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rocks from the air extraction port to form negative pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rocks and form pressure difference inside and outside the sealing film. According to the invention, a method of paving a high-strength sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock and realizing active support of the film and the surface of the surrounding rock by atmospheric pressure by using negative pressure air extraction is adopted, and active temporary support with high support force strength can be completed only by operating the film attaching executing mechanism and the air extraction system, so that the complex work of manually carrying heavy support materials and moving a heading machine is avoided, and strong temporary support can be provided for a heading working face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine roadway tunneling and supporting, in particular to a roadway surrounding rock supporting method and device based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure.
Background
The coal mine roadway temporary support is to adopt measures to temporarily support a top plate in order to prevent the roof from caving and separating after the roadway is excavated, so that the subsequent construction is safely carried out under the condition that the top plate is stable. The roadway temporary support adopts the modes of metal detecting beams, single hydraulic props and the like in the past, manual carrying is needed for supporting, the construction speed is low, the supporting strength is insufficient, the supporting quality is poor, and the manual labor intensity is high. The temporary support of the roadway can also be carried out by adopting a machine-mounted ceiling or a self-moving shed type support of the development machine, and the machine-mounted ceiling or the shed type support of the development machine is controlled by a hydraulic system to carry out the temporary support, but the temporary support is complex in operation, long in time consumption, small in support acting force and easy to damage. The safety of a tunneling working face and the requirement of rapid tunneling of a coal mine tunnel are difficult to ensure. At present, a quick and effective temporary support mode does not exist.
Chinese patent application No. CN201610137893.3 discloses a surrounding rock support construction method for a water-bearing roadway of a coal mine, which belongs to the field of surrounding rock support of underground engineering and comprises the following steps of 1) primary spraying operation after roadway digging; 2) According to the geological conditions of the water-bearing roadway, carrying out structural design on a controllable grouting anchor rod and design on supporting parameters of the controllable grouting anchor rod and an anchor cable; 3) Adopting a controllable grouting anchor rod, an anchor rope, a metal net and a guniting support to form a grouting reinforced water-proof ring and guniting surrounding rocks on the surface of the roadway; 4) Determining key parts needing to be reinforced for supporting and water insulation through field observation technical means such as numerical simulation; 5) Adjusting and optimizing the supporting parameters of the hydrous roadway, and performing grouting reinforcement supporting on key parts; 6) Reasonably supporting a roadway bottom plate; a surrounding rock supporting construction is also provided.
Although the prior art provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, in the construction process, the supporting structure is complex, the installation procedure is complicated, and the requirement of rapid construction supporting after excavation of the roadway surrounding rock of the coal mine is difficult to solve.
The present invention has been made in view of the above.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure.
The invention further provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure.
According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure comprises the following steps:
after excavating the roadway, cleaning the surface of surrounding rock in the roadway;
comprehensively evaluating fractures of the surface of the surrounding rock;
laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, and arranging an air suction port;
and carrying out air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rocks from the air extraction port, so that negative pressure is formed in the cracks of the surrounding rocks, and pressure difference is formed inside and outside the sealing film.
Specifically, the pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, so that the atmospheric pressure effect on the sealing film and the surrounding rock is formed, and the sealing film is tightly attached to the surrounding rock.
The sealing film is a highly adhesive sealing film and is adhered to the surrounding rock.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the step of laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock and arranging a suction hole comprises the following steps:
if the evaluation result meets the condition of directly pumping air from the surface of the surrounding rock, laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, arranging an air pumping hole on the sealing film, and pumping air from the cracks of the surrounding rock through the air pumping hole;
and if the evaluation result does not meet the condition of directly exhausting the air on the surface of the surrounding rock, laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, arranging an air exhaust hole on the sealing film, drilling an air exhaust hole on the air exhaust hole, and exhausting the cracks of the surrounding rock from the air exhaust hole.
Specifically, the comprehensive evaluation of the surface cracks of the surrounding rock is performed, so that whether the surface cracks of the surrounding rock meet the requirement of direct air extraction support can be grasped, and the surface of the surrounding rock is processed according to the evaluation result so as to meet the requirement of air extraction treatment, namely, the supporting of the surrounding rock is met by forming pressure difference inside and outside the sealing film laid on the surrounding rock.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the evaluation result meets the condition of directly extracting air from the surface of the surrounding rock, a sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, and an air extraction process is performed on the fracture of the surrounding rock through the air extraction opening, the method further includes the following steps:
and continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock through the pumping hole until a pressure difference which is more than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film.
Particularly, through continuous air extraction, the pressure in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock is stable, a pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, an atmospheric pressure effect on the sealing film and the surrounding rock is formed, and the sealing film is tightly attached to the surrounding rock.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the evaluation result meets the condition of directly extracting air from the surface of the surrounding rock, a sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, and an air extraction process is performed on the fracture of the surrounding rock through the air extraction opening, the method further includes the following steps:
continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock through the pumping hole until pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, stopping air suction treatment on the surrounding rock surface cracks, and maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film through a check unit.
Particularly, through continuous air extraction, the pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rock is stable, pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, the surrounding rock is supported, air extraction is stopped when the preset pressure difference is achieved, meanwhile, the change of the pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rock is avoided by the aid of the non-return unit arranged in the air extraction opening, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film is maintained, and the surrounding rock is supported.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of directly extracting air from the surface of the surrounding rock, a sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is formed in the sealing film, an air extraction hole is drilled in the air extraction opening, and an air extraction process is performed on the crack of the surrounding rock from the air extraction hole, the method further includes the following steps:
and continuously exhausting the cracks of the surrounding rock through the exhaust holes in the exhaust port until a pressure difference which is greater than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film.
Specifically, through continuous air extraction, the pressure in the surrounding rock surface cracks is stable, and a pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film.
According to an embodiment of the invention, if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock, a sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, an air extraction hole is drilled on the air extraction opening, and an air extraction treatment is performed on the cracks of the surrounding rock from the air extraction hole, the method further comprises the following steps:
performing air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rock through the air extraction holes in the air extraction port until the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, stopping air suction treatment on the surrounding rock surface cracks, and maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film through a check unit.
Specifically, by continuously exhausting air, when the pressure in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock is adjusted to meet the requirement, the surrounding rock can be supported in a disconnected air exhausting mode, and after disconnection, the change of the pressure in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock is avoided through the non-return unit arranged in the air exhausting opening, so that the internal and external pressure difference of the sealing film is maintained, and the surrounding rock is supported.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the comprehensive evaluation index for performing fractures on the surface of the surrounding rock comprises: and any one or a combination of several indexes of the range of the surrounding rock fractures, the density of the fractures, the opening degree of the fractures, the lengths of the fractures, the intervals of the fractures and the fracture network density.
Specifically, comprehensive evaluation of the surrounding rock surface fractures is achieved through combination of multiple indexes, and evaluation results are more accurate and scientific.
According to the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure comprises:
the device comprises a travelling mechanism, a film laying system, an air exhaust system and a drilling system;
the travelling mechanism comprises a frame body and a crawler arranged at the bottom of the frame body;
the film paving system comprises a film paving mechanical arm, a film storage mechanism and a mechanical arm, wherein the film paving mechanical arm and the film storage mechanism are arranged on the frame body, and the mechanical arm is arranged at the front end of the film paving mechanical arm and used for grabbing a sealed film in the film storage mechanism;
the air extraction system comprises a negative pressure air extraction pump, a sealing mechanism, an air extraction pipeline and a moving mechanical arm, wherein the negative pressure air extraction pump is arranged on the frame body, the air extraction pipeline is connected with the negative pressure air extraction pump and the sealing mechanism, and the moving mechanical arm is used for moving the sealing mechanism and the air extraction pipeline;
the drilling system comprises a drilling mechanical arm arranged on the frame body, and a drilling machine and a drill rod which are arranged at the front end of the drilling mechanical arm;
when the device works, the steps of the method for supporting the surrounding rock of the roadway by utilizing the atmospheric pressure are used.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a compressed air system; the compressed air system comprises a compressed air pipeline arranged on the frame body, and compressed air in the roadway is used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock after the compressed air pipeline is excavated.
Particularly, through set up the compressed air pipeline on the support body, realized that supporting device is right the clearance on country rock surface guarantees the cleanness on tunnel surface when the spraying for sealing film can bond on the country rock effectively, realizes strutting the convenient effective of construction.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the system further comprises a water supply system; the water supply system comprises a water supply pipeline arranged on the frame body, the water supply pipeline is used for supplying water to the excavated roadway and cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock.
Particularly, through set up the water supply pipe on the support body, realized that supporting device is right the clearance on country rock surface, the cleanness on tunnel surface when guaranteeing the spraying, make sealing film can bond on the country rock effectively, realize strutting the convenient effective of construction.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention at least have one of the following technical effects: according to the invention, by adopting the method of paving the high-strength sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock and realizing active atmospheric pressure support by utilizing negative pressure air extraction, active temporary support with high support force strength can be completed only by operating the film attaching executing mechanism and the air extraction system, so that the complex work of manually carrying heavy support materials and moving the tunneling machine is avoided, and strong temporary support can be quickly provided for the tunneling working surface.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a first schematic view of a process flow of a method for supporting surrounding rock of a roadway by using atmospheric pressure according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic view of a process flow of a method for supporting surrounding rock of a roadway by using atmospheric pressure according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on sealing films and atmospheric pressure provided by the embodiment of the invention in a roadway;
fig. 4 is a first schematic view of the cross-sectional arrangement of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a second schematic view of the arrangement of the section of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a third schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a fourth schematic view of the arrangement of the cross section of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a fifth schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway.
Reference numerals:
1: a roadway;
2: surrounding rocks;
3: sealing the film;
4: an air extraction opening;
5: a traveling mechanism; 501: a frame body; 502: a crawler belt;
6: a film laying system; 601: a film paving mechanical arm; 602: a film storage mechanism; 603: a manipulator;
7: an air extraction system; 701: a negative pressure air pump; 702: a sealing mechanism; 703: an air extraction pipeline; 704: moving the mechanical arm;
8: a drilling system; 801: drilling a mechanical arm; 802: a drilling machine;
9: a tunneling mechanism;
10: and (4) air exhaust holes.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but rather to illustrate it for those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Fig. 1 and 2 are first and second schematic diagrams of a process flow of a method for supporting roadway surrounding rocks by using atmospheric pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and are mainly used for showing the process flow of the method for supporting roadway surrounding rocks according to the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 1, the method for supporting includes that after a roadway 1 is excavated, the surface of the surrounding rocks 2 in the roadway 1 is cleaned, objects to be cleaned include coal dust, water and a mixture thereof attached to the surface of the surrounding rocks 2, and the surface of the surrounding rocks 2 is comprehensively evaluated for cracks after cleaning, whether punching is needed or not is judged according to an evaluation result, or air extraction is directly performed for the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rocks 2 from an extraction opening 4, and the comprehensive evaluation for the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rocks 2 can be performed according to an instrument or a corresponding standard.
Furthermore, a sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the sealing film 3 is made of a sealing material with high mechanical strength and high sealing effect, and the requirement on air tightness can be met after the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2; during laying, a gap can be formed in advance on the sealing film 3, or a gap of a fixed-point area can be manufactured after the sealing film 3 is fully paved on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and further, the air pumping ports 4 are formed through the gaps on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and the specific number and the positions of the air pumping ports 4 can be selected according to the supporting design requirements; after the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the fracture of the surrounding rock 2 is pumped from the pumping hole 4, so that negative pressure is formed in the fracture on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3, the surrounding rock 2 is supported by utilizing atmospheric pressure, the atmospheric pressure effect on the sealing film 3 and the surrounding rock is formed, and the sealing film 3 is tightly attached to the surrounding rock 2.
It should be noted that, the air extraction of the air extraction opening 4 is performed by arranging a sealing mechanism 702 on the air extraction opening 4, extracting air in the surrounding rock 2 through an air extraction pipeline 703 connected to the sealing mechanism 702, and a negative pressure air extraction pump 701 connected to the air extraction pipeline 703, so that the sealing mechanism 702 extracts air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 through the air extraction opening 4, and the sealing mechanism 702 performs air extraction through negative pressure or can be adsorbed on the air extraction opening 4, thereby achieving sealing between the sealing film 3 and the air extraction opening 4 and rapid installation of the air extraction pipeline 703.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure in a roadway 1, which is provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and is mainly shown from the perspective of the top view of the supporting device in the roadway 1, and as can be seen from fig. 3, the supporting device of the present invention includes a frame 501 capable of moving in the roadway 1, and a crawler 502 disposed at the bottom of the frame 501, and a tunneling mechanism 9 may be integrated at the front of the frame 501 according to needs, and the roadway 1 to be excavated is excavated to form an excavation and support integrated equipment, for the sake of space saving, the usage of the tunneling mechanism 9 is not specifically limited, and reference may be made to a conventional design method in the art, and the present invention mainly integrates the tunneling mechanism 9 and the supporting device, and achieves supporting of the surrounding rock 2 while satisfying the excavation.
Further, at least two sides of the frame body 501 are provided with a film spreading mechanical arm 601 and a film storage mechanism 602, the film spreading mechanical arm 601 grabs the sealing film 3 in the film storage mechanism 602 through a mechanical arm 603, the sealing film 3 can be arranged in a roll shape, the mechanical arm 603 grabs the roll-shaped sealing film 3, the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 through a roller, a rolling brush and the like, or the sealing film 3 can be arranged in a sheet shape, the mechanical arm 603 grabs the sheet-shaped sealing film 3 and is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 through the roller, the rolling brush and the like, it needs to be described here that the sealing film 3 needs to be adhered to the surface of the surrounding rock 2 in a manner of extrusion, heating and the like, the above two implementation schemes are provided, and in practical application, the storage form and the laying manner of the sealing film 3 can be selected according to requirements.
The sealing film 3 itself has various embodiments, specifically:
in one embodiment, the sealing film 3 is provided with the air pumping port 4, that is, when the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 can be pumped through the air pumping port 4 of the sealing film 3.
In one embodiment, the sealing film 3 itself is a complete film, that is, the sealing film 3 itself is not provided with the air pumping hole 4, and after the specific arrangement position of the air pumping hole 4 needs to be laid by the sealing film 3 again, the cutting is performed by other tools, so as to pump air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 from the air pumping hole 4 which is cut.
In one embodiment, the sealing film 3 is provided with a sealing mechanism 702 in addition to the air suction port 4, that is, the sealing mechanism 702 is provided integrally with the sealing film 3, in this case, the sealing film 3 is provided in a sheet shape, the sheet-shaped sealing film 3 is grabbed by the manipulator 603, the sealing film 3 with the sealing mechanism 702 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and the air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is extracted by the sealing mechanism 702.
Further, still be provided with air exhaust system 7 on the support body 501, specifically, air exhaust system 7 is including setting up negative pressure aspiration pump 701, sealing mechanism 702 on the support body 501 and connecting negative pressure aspiration pump 701 and sealing mechanism 702's exhaust line 703, and wherein sealing mechanism 702 can snatch through snatching the arm, and then place in the extraction opening 4 that corresponds, and negative pressure aspiration pump 701 can be the vacuum pump, through sealing mechanism 702 and exhaust line 703, realizes the extraction to the air in 2 surperficial fissures of country rock, and then forms the negative pressure in the fissure of country rock 2.
Further, the device also comprises a compressed air system; the compressed air system comprises a compressed air pipeline arranged on the frame body 501, and the compressed air pipeline is compressed air in the excavated roadway 1 and used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock 2.
Further, the device also comprises a water supply system; the water supply system comprises a water supply pipeline arranged on the frame body 501, and the water supply pipeline supplies water to the excavated roadway 1 and is used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock 2.
Fig. 4 is a first schematic view of the arrangement of the cross section of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing membrane and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway 1, and as can be seen from fig. 4, a mobile mechanical arm 704 grabs a sealing mechanism 702 and prepares to be placed in an air suction port 4 on the sealing membrane 3, and a negative pressure air suction pump 701 is connected with the sealing mechanism 702 already installed on the air suction port 4 through an air suction pipeline 703, so that air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is sucked.
Fig. 5 is a second schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing membrane and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 5 is an embodiment of a cross-sectional layout that satisfies the air extraction condition according to the evaluation result of the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 5, a negative pressure air extraction pump 701 is connected to a sealing mechanism 702 through an air extraction pipeline 703, the sealing mechanism 702 is disposed corresponding to the air extraction port 4, the negative pressure air extraction pump 701 continuously operates, the sealing mechanism 702 continuously extracts air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, an internal and external pressure difference is formed at the sealing membrane 3, and temporary supporting of the surrounding rock 2 is realized.
It should be noted that, for the present embodiment, the extraction of the air in the surface cracks of the surrounding rock 2 is continuous, and may be implemented by extending the air extraction pipeline 703, that is, the supporting device continuously advances, and the air extraction pipeline 703 continuously extends to meet the requirement of air extraction, and this scheme is set as fast tunneling and temporary supporting, and may be matched with other devices, and the other devices perform subsequent supporting treatment, and at least provide active supporting acting force for the surrounding rock 2 on the top and both sides until the surrounding rock 2 completes the bolting, and the supporting device of the present invention is fast constructed and advances, and fast temporary supporting is implemented in the tunneling process.
Fig. 6 is a third schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway 1, fig. 6 is another embodiment of the cross-sectional layout that the evaluation result of the invention meets the air extraction condition, and as can be seen from fig. 6, one of the sealing mechanisms 702 is not connected with the air extraction pipeline 703, because a non-return unit is arranged in the sealing mechanism 702, when the sealing mechanism 702 is disconnected from the air extraction pipeline 703, the non-return unit acts to close the air passage of the sealing mechanism 702 and maintain the pressure in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the supporting device of the invention can realize the work of supporting while excavating during the excavation.
It should be noted that, for the present embodiment, the support device may further be matched with other devices, and the other devices perform subsequent support processing, because the non-return unit in the sealing mechanism 702 performs sealing after the internal and external pressure difference of the sealing film 3 reaches the standard value, and the sealing mechanism 702 is disconnected from the air suction pipeline 703, such an arrangement enables the support device to realize temporary support, and reduces the problem that the long-distance temporary support pipeline system adopting the multi-pipeline continuous air suction manner is complex, and at least active support acting force is provided for the top and two sides of the surrounding rock 2 during tunneling until the surrounding rock 2 completes bolting.
It should be further noted that the check unit can be regarded as a check valve disposed in the sealing mechanism 702, the check unit is conducted when the sealing mechanism 702 is connected to the suction line 703, the check unit closes the ventilation channel of the sealing mechanism 702 when the sealing mechanism 702 is disconnected from the suction line 703, and a check valve or a similar one-way conducting element is disposed on the passage, which is common in the art.
Fig. 7 is a fourth schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on a sealing membrane and atmospheric pressure in a roadway 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 7 is an embodiment of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the evaluation result that the evaluation result does not meet the air extraction condition, as can be seen from fig. 7, a drilling machine 802 and a drill rod are arranged at the front end of a drilling mechanical arm 801, the drill rod drills an air extraction hole 10 in an air extraction opening 4 in a surrounding rock 2, and after the sealing mechanism 702 is integrated with the drill rod or a separate mobile mechanical arm 704 is arranged on the air extraction opening 4, air in a crack on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is extracted through the air extraction hole 10.
It should be noted that, for this embodiment, the negative pressure air pump 701 is connected to the sealing mechanism 702 through the air pumping pipeline 703, the sealing mechanism 702 is disposed corresponding to the air pumping port 4, the negative pressure air pump 701 continuously works, the sealing mechanism 702 continuously pumps out air in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and the sealing film 3 forms an internal and external pressure difference to support the surrounding rock 2.
Fig. 8 is a fifth schematic view of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in the roadway 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 is an embodiment of the cross-sectional layout of the roadway surrounding rock supporting device according to the present invention, the evaluation result of which does not satisfy the air extraction condition, and as can be seen from fig. 8, a drilling machine 802 and a drill rod are arranged at the front end of a mechanical arm 801 of the drilling machine, the drill rod drills an air extraction hole 10 in an air extraction opening 4 in the surrounding rock 2, and a sealing mechanism 702 is arranged behind the air extraction opening 4 to extract air in a crack on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 through the air extraction hole 10.
It should be noted that, for the present embodiment, the support device may further be matched with other devices, and the other devices perform subsequent support processing, the air extraction hole 10 is drilled in an area where the evaluation result does not satisfy air extraction, gas in the surface cracks of the surrounding rock 2 is extracted from the air extraction hole 10 until negative pressure is formed, the non-return unit in the sealing mechanism 702 is used for sealing, and the sealing mechanism 702 is disconnected from the air extraction pipeline 703.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature such that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact via an intermediary. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
According to the invention, the high-strength sealing film 3 is paved on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the active support of atmospheric pressure is realized by using negative pressure air extraction, and the active temporary support with high support strength can be completed only by operating the film attaching actuating mechanism and the air extraction system 7, so that the complex work of manually carrying heavy support materials and moving the tunneling machine is avoided, and a strong temporary support can be rapidly provided for a tunneling working face, and in the specific application, the method is as follows.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, which comprises the following steps:
after the roadway 1 is excavated, cleaning the surface of surrounding rocks 2 in the roadway 1;
comprehensively evaluating the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2;
laying a sealing film 3 on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and arranging an air extraction opening 4;
and the air pumping treatment is carried out on the cracks of the surrounding rocks 2 through the air pumping port 4, so that negative pressure is formed in the cracks of the surrounding rocks 2, and pressure difference is formed inside and outside the sealing film 3.
The sealing film 3 is a highly adhesive sealing film and is adhered to the surrounding rock 2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and an extraction opening 4 is arranged, and the method comprises the following steps:
if the evaluation result meets the condition of directly pumping air from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, laying a sealing film 3 on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, arranging an air pumping hole 4 on the sealing film 3, and pumping air from the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 through the air pumping hole 4;
if the evaluation result does not meet the condition of directly exhausting the air from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, laying a sealing film 3 on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, arranging an air exhaust hole 4 on the sealing film 3, drilling an air exhaust hole 10 on the air exhaust hole 4, and exhausting the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 from the air exhaust hole 10.
Specifically, whether the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 meet the supporting requirement or not can be grasped through comprehensive evaluation of the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, and the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is processed according to an evaluation result so as to meet the requirement of air exhaust processing, namely, the supporting of the surrounding rock 2 is met through forming pressure difference inside and outside the sealing film 3 laid on the surrounding rock 2, the atmospheric pressure effect on the sealing film 3 and the surrounding rock is formed, and the sealing film 3 is tightly attached to the surrounding rock 2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein if an evaluation result meets a condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, an air extraction opening 4 is arranged on the sealing film 3, and in the air extraction treatment of the crack of the surrounding rock 2 through the air extraction opening 4, the method further includes the following steps:
and continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 through the pumping hole 4 until a pressure difference of more than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed inside and outside the sealing film 3.
Particularly, through continuously bleeding, it is stable to have satisfied the pressure in 2 surperficial cracks of country rock, forms pressure differential inside and outside sealing film 3, forms the atmospheric pressure effect to sealing film 3 and country rock, realizes sealing film 3 and 2's of country rock close fitting.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein if an evaluation result meets a condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, an air extraction opening 4 is arranged on the sealing film 3, and in the air extraction treatment of the crack of the surrounding rock 2 through the air extraction opening 4, the method further includes the following steps:
continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 through the pumping hole 4 until pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3, the air suction treatment of the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is stopped, and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 is maintained through the non-return unit.
The steady pressure difference formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 means that the pressure difference formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 reaches a maximum value and does not increase.
The pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 is 0MPa or more and 0.1MPa or less.
Particularly, through continuously bleeding, satisfied the crack internal pressure stability of country rock 2, form pressure differential inside and outside sealed film 3, realize the strutting to country rock 2, stop bleeding when reaching preset pressure differential, utilize the non return unit that sets up in the extraction opening simultaneously, avoided the change of 2 surperficial cracks internal pressure of country rock, realized the maintenance to the internal and external pressure differential of sealed film 3, realize strutting to country rock 2, form the atmospheric pressure effect to sealed film 3 and country rock, realize sealed film 3 and the inseparable laminating of country rock 2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, an air extraction opening 4 is arranged on the sealing film 3, an air extraction hole 10 is drilled in the air extraction opening 4, and an air extraction treatment is performed on the crack of the surrounding rock 2 from the air extraction hole 10, further comprising the following steps:
and continuously exhausting the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 through the air exhaust holes 10 in the air exhaust port 4 until a pressure difference of more than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed inside and outside the sealing film 3.
Particularly, through continuously bleeding, the pressure stability in the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is met, pressure difference is formed inside and outside the sealing film 3, the atmospheric pressure effect on the sealing film 3 and the surrounding rock is formed, and the sealing film 3 is tightly attached to the surrounding rock 2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, wherein if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock 2, the sealing film 3 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 2, an air extraction opening 4 is arranged on the sealing film 3, an air extraction hole 10 is drilled in the air extraction opening 4, and an air extraction process is performed on the fissure of the surrounding rock 2 from the air extraction hole 10, further comprising the following steps:
air extraction treatment is carried out on the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 through an air extraction hole 10 in the air extraction port 4 until pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3, the air suction treatment of the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 is stopped, and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 is maintained through the non-return unit.
The steady pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing membrane 3 means that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing membrane 3 reaches a maximum value and does not rise any more.
It should be noted that the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film 3 is greater than 0MPa and not greater than 0.1MPa.
Particularly, through continuously bleeding, when adjusting the pressure in 2 surperficial fissures of country rock when satisfying the demand, can realize strutting to country rock 2 through the mode that the disconnection bleeds, through the non return unit that sets up in extraction opening 4 after the disconnection, avoided the change of 2 surperficial fissures of country rock internal pressure, realized the maintenance to the internal and external pressure difference of sealing film 3, realize strutting to country rock 2, form the atmospheric pressure effect to sealing film 3 and country rock, realize sealing film 3 and the inseparable laminating of country rock 2.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, and the comprehensive evaluation index for performing fracture on the surface of the surrounding rock 2 comprises the following steps: and (3) combining any one or more indexes of the range of the surrounding rock 2 fractures, the density of the fractures, the opening degree of the fractures, the length of the fractures, the intervals of the fractures and the fracture network density.
Particularly, comprehensive evaluation of the surface fracture of the surrounding rock 2 is realized through combination of multiple indexes, and the evaluation result is more accurate and scientific.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the present invention provides a supporting device for surrounding rocks of a roadway, including: the device comprises a travelling mechanism 5, a film paving system 6, an air exhaust system 7 and a drilling system 8; the traveling mechanism 5 comprises a frame 501 and a crawler belt 502 arranged at the bottom of the frame 501; the film paving system 6 comprises a film paving mechanical arm 601 arranged on the frame body 501, a film storage mechanism 602 and a mechanical arm 603 arranged at the front end of the film paving mechanical arm 601 and used for grabbing the sealing film 3 in the film storage mechanism 602; the air extraction system 7 comprises a negative pressure air extraction pump 701 arranged on the frame body 501, a sealing mechanism 702, an air extraction pipeline 703 connected with the negative pressure air extraction pump 701 and the sealing mechanism 702, and a movable mechanical arm for moving the sealing mechanism 702 and the air extraction pipeline 703; the drilling system 8 comprises a drilling mechanical arm 801 arranged on the frame body 501, and a drilling machine 802 and a drill rod which are arranged at the front end of the drilling mechanical arm 801; when the device works, the steps of the method for supporting the surrounding rock of the roadway by using the atmospheric pressure are used.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure, and further comprises a compressed air system; the compressed air system comprises a compressed air pipeline arranged on the frame body 501, and the compressed air pipeline is compressed air in the excavated roadway 1 and used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock 2.
Particularly, through set up the compressed air pipeline on support body 501, realized the clearance of supporting device to country rock 2 surface, the cleanness on 1 surface in tunnel when guaranteeing the spraying for sealing film 3 can bond on country rock 2 effectively, realizes strutting the convenient effective of construction.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the present invention provides a roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on a sealing membrane and atmospheric pressure, further comprising a water supply system; the water supply system comprises a water supply pipeline arranged on the frame body 501, and the water supply pipeline supplies water to the excavated roadway 1 and is used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock 2.
Particularly, through set up the water supply pipe on support body 501, realized the clearance of supporting device to country rock 2 surfaces, the cleanness on 1 surface in tunnel when guaranteeing the spraying for sealing film 3 can bond on country rock 2 effectively, realizes strutting the convenient effective of construction.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 to 8, the invention provides a support device for roadway surrounding rock, and a tunneling mechanism 9 can be further integrated at the front end of the frame body 501; specifically, the tunneling mechanism 9 is integrated at the front end of the frame body 501, so that the tunneling of the roadway 1 is realized, and the tunneling and supporting integrated equipment is formed, the assistance of other equipment is not needed, the use mode of the tunneling mechanism 9 is not specifically limited for the sake of space saving, and the conventional design method in the field can be referred to.
In one application scenario, the suction port pressure of the vacuum pump 701 is p 1 The fracture zone of the surrounding rock 2 has the gas pressure p 2 Atmospheric pressure is p 0 According to Bernoulli's equation
The suction port pressure p of the vacuum suction pump 701 1 Fracture gas pressure p less than that of surrounding rock 2 2 And the gas in the fissure of the surrounding rock 2 and the gas height h in the negative pressure air pump 701 1 ＝h 2 Substantially close, then u 1 ＞υ 2 I.e. gas flows into the negative pressure air pump 701 in the fissures of the surrounding rock 2, the gas pressure p in the fissures of the surrounding rock 2 2 Reducing until the pressure difference p between the air pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rock 2 and the pumping hole of the negative pressure air pump 701 is reduced 2 -p 1 The sealing film 3 has a constant difference of internal and external atmospheric pressures of Δ p = p 0 -p 2 I.e. the supporting force provided by the atmospheric pressure to the surface of the surrounding rock 2.
During the process of continuing tunneling by the tunneling mechanism 9, the negative pressure air pump 701 has two working modes: and after continuously or for a period of time, maintaining negative pressure by using a non-return unit arranged in the sealing mechanism 702, and providing active supporting acting force for at least the surrounding rocks 2 at the top and two sides by using the internal and external atmospheric pressure difference delta p of the sealing film 3 until the surrounding rocks 2 finish the anchor rod driving.
And repeating the steps until one cycle of tunneling and supporting of the roadway 1 is completed.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on a sealing film and atmospheric pressure is characterized by comprising the following steps:
after excavating the roadway, cleaning the surface of surrounding rock in the roadway;
comprehensively evaluating fractures of the surface of the surrounding rock;
if the evaluation result meets the condition of directly pumping air from the surface of the surrounding rock, laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, arranging an air pumping hole on the sealing film, and pumping air from the cracks of the surrounding rock through the air pumping hole;
if the evaluation result does not meet the condition of directly pumping air from the surface of the surrounding rock, laying a sealing film on the surface of the surrounding rock, arranging an air pumping hole on the sealing film, drilling an air pumping hole on the air pumping hole, and pumping air from the air pumping hole to the cracks of the surrounding rock;
performing air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rocks from the air extraction port to form negative pressure in the cracks of the surrounding rocks and form pressure difference inside and outside the sealing film;
and after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, stopping air suction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rock, and maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film through a non-return unit.
2. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the evaluation result meets the surrounding rock surface direct air extraction condition, the sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, and the air extraction opening is used for performing air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rock, further comprising the following steps:
and continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock through the pumping hole until a pressure difference of more than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed inside and outside the sealing film.
3. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure as claimed in claim 1, wherein if the evaluation result meets the condition of direct air extraction on the surface of the surrounding rock, the sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, and the air extraction treatment is performed on the cracks of the surrounding rock through the air extraction opening, further comprising the following steps:
continuously pumping the cracks of the surrounding rock through the pumping hole until pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, stopping air suction treatment on the surrounding rock surface cracks, and maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film through a check unit.
4. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock, the sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, an air extraction hole is drilled on the air extraction opening, and air extraction treatment is performed on the cracks of the surrounding rock from the air extraction hole, further comprising the following steps:
and continuously exhausting the cracks of the surrounding rock through the exhaust holes in the exhaust port until a pressure difference which is greater than 0MPa and less than or equal to 0.1MPa is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film.
5. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein if the evaluation result does not satisfy the condition of direct air extraction from the surface of the surrounding rock, the sealing film is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock, an air extraction opening is arranged on the sealing film, an air extraction hole is drilled on the air extraction opening, and air extraction treatment is performed on the cracks of the surrounding rock from the air extraction hole, and the method further comprises the following steps:
performing air extraction treatment on the cracks of the surrounding rock through the air extraction holes in the air extraction port until a pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film;
after a stable pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside of the sealing film, stopping air suction treatment on the surrounding rock surface cracks, and maintaining the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the sealing film through a check unit.
6. The roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the comprehensive evaluation index for performing the cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock comprises the following steps: and any one or a combination of several indexes of the range of the surrounding rock fractures, the density of the fractures, the opening degree of the fractures, the lengths of the fractures, the intervals of the fractures and the fracture network density.
7. The utility model provides a tunnel country rock supporting device based on sealing film and atmospheric pressure which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a travelling mechanism, a film laying system, an air pumping system and a drilling system;
the travelling mechanism comprises a frame body and a crawler arranged at the bottom of the frame body;
the film paving system comprises a film paving mechanical arm, a film storage mechanism and a mechanical arm, wherein the film paving mechanical arm and the film storage mechanism are arranged on the frame body, and the mechanical arm is arranged at the front end of the film paving mechanical arm and used for grabbing a sealed film in the film storage mechanism;
the air pumping system comprises a negative pressure air pump, a sealing mechanism, an air pumping pipeline and a moving mechanical arm, wherein the negative pressure air pump is arranged on the frame body, the air pumping pipeline is connected with the negative pressure air pump and the sealing mechanism, and the moving mechanical arm moves the sealing mechanism and the air pumping pipeline;
the drilling system comprises a drilling mechanical arm arranged on the frame body, and a drilling machine and a drill rod which are arranged at the front end of the drilling mechanical arm;
wherein, when the device works, the steps of the roadway surrounding rock supporting method based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure in any one of the claims 1-6 are used.
8. The roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure is characterized by further comprising a compressed air system; the compressed air system comprises a compressed air pipeline arranged on the frame body, and compressed air in the roadway is used for cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock after the compressed air pipeline is excavated.
9. The roadway surrounding rock supporting device based on the sealing film and the atmospheric pressure is characterized by further comprising a water supply system; the water supply system comprises a water supply pipeline arranged on the frame body, and the water supply pipeline is used for supplying water to the excavated roadway and cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock.
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| WO2006057545A1 (en) * | 2004-11-29 | 2006-06-01 | Dong-Hyun Seo | Tunnelling method using pre-support concept and an adjustable apparatus thereof |
| CN101493011B (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2011-12-07 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Soft expansion type wall rock tunnel support method |
| CN101906977B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-05-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preventing and treating large deformation and collapse of softrock tunnel |
| JP6263339B2 (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2018-01-17 | 清水建設株式会社 | Spraying equipment for tunnel construction |
| CN209179815U (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-07-30 | 山西晋城无烟煤矿业集团有限责任公司 | Whitewashing grouting and reinforcing strengthens the mash gas pumping drilling structure of sealing in advance |
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