CN112359601A - 一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、低温焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸单体乳液、丙烯酸单体乳液、马来酸单体乳液混合,加入引发剂,搅拌反应得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸混合,加入硼酸和催化剂、助剂混合均匀制成。本发明达到生产无甲醛的安全的免烫衬衫的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及服装加工制造领域,具体涉及一种无甲醛高支高密成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法。
背景技术
免烫衬衫,相对于普通衬衫而言,不易缩水、不易起皱,正常家庭洗涤后可不经熨烫或者稍微熨烫就能达到日常所需的外观平整度、挺括度和美观度,便于打理和保养。高支高密成衣免烫衬衫指用高支高密80支以上的面料来制作加上拼缝处的压胶处理,做成衬衫在进行免烫处理,这种衬衫显得档次比较高档,穿着也很舒服,轮廓都很有型,一般的家庭洗涤,直接晾晒就能达到免烫效果。现有常规的免烫处理采用潮交联工艺,原理是,在低温和强酸催化条件下,在织物一定的含潮率时,采用大量低温交联树脂与纤维素分子进行温和的反应,使纤维素大分子相互交联,该工艺对温度特别敏感,温度过高,树脂与纤维反应剧烈,强力下降大;温度过低,树脂与纤维反应太慢,在一定时间内无法充分反应,导致外观等级差。潮交联后要进行充分水洗,通常要水洗5次,以去除游离甲醛。
但目前市场上生产工艺中使用的树脂交联剂多是以甲醛作为初始原料同尿素,环脲、氨基甲酸酯或其他酰胺合成而来,如UF树脂、2D树脂、以及DMEU树脂等,这些整理剂在后期使用中虽经过改性和醚化处理,以减少游离甲醛含量,但由于改性和醚化反应的可逆性,并不能得到完全改性和醚化的产物,因此在使用它们进行免烫整理后需要多次水洗以降低甲醛含量,对水资源的消耗较大,而且随后的织物储存、生产、出售以及消费者使用和穿着时会持续释放出甲醛气体。而甲醛是世界公认的有毒物质,具有刺激性,是可疑的致癌物质,直接影响到服装的穿着安全性能,不利于免烫衬衫产品的推广,因此生产出一种无甲醛免烫衬衫就具有十分重要的意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足之处,提供一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,以达到生产无甲醛的安全的免烫衬衫的目的。
一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;
(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:
所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、低温焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸单体乳液、丙烯酸单体乳液、马来酸单体乳液按单体摩尔量(0.7-1.2):1:(0.7-1.2)混合,加入单体摩尔总量5-15%的引发剂,控制温度70-90摄氏度,搅拌反应2-4小时得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸按照1:(1-1.5)摩尔量混合,加入柠檬酸重量0.4%-0.6%的硼酸,加入占A乳液总质量2-6%的催化剂,占整体液体总体积分数4-6g/L的助剂,混合均匀制成;所述低温烘干是在50-60℃的温度下进行的;所述低温压烫的工艺条件为:压力4-10kg,温度80-110℃,时间10-20秒;所述低温焙烘的工艺条件为:温度70-100℃,时间15分钟-20分钟。
以上整理液体的作用机理:柠檬酸价格低廉,可以起到对衬衫布料纤维的交联作用,适用于工业应用,但是因为自身遇高温分解导致织物泛黄,所以加入硼酸,与柠檬酸发生螯合作用,减少柠檬酸的脱水,从而避免布料泛黄;衣康酸和马来酸均为二元酸,研究表明,衣康酸偏向于共聚而非自聚,以衣康酸搭配马来酸发生共聚反应,既保证了共聚物链较高的电荷密度,提高稳定性,同时也不至于单一选用衣康酸或马来酸均聚时产生过多的低聚物,丙烯酸的加入提高了衣康酸和马来酸的单体转化效率以及最后共聚乳液的透明度,形成的预聚物在烘培时与柠檬酸的羟基发生酯化反应,生成更为高效的交联分子与布料的纤维羟基反应形成交联,可以显著提高布料的抗皱性能。而且衣康酸及其共聚物反应活性高,可以与氨、胺类等碱性恶臭物反应,具有除臭功能,有利于改善穿着人员因出汗或者体味产生的异味。
进一步改进的是:将占A乳液重量份0.01-1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌(为表述方便,下文中简称为SMS-Zn),利用超声波均匀分散于所述A乳液中。SMS-Zn,利用了海泡石的超级吸附性和大的比表面积,将纳米氧化锌进行分散,防止其聚集及脱落,具有比纳米氧化锌单纯使用更良好的分散性和附着性,充分发挥纳米氧化锌的抗紫外线、杀菌、光敏分解有机物的特点,结合海泡石的超级吸水性,可以显著提高衬衫成品的抗紫外线性能、除臭性能、抗菌性能,特别是处理汗液的异味有特别好的效果。
所述SMS-Zn的制备方法是:
步骤一:将纳米级海泡石粉50重量份加入质量分数2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中500重量份中,以超声波分散,将海泡石改性,再加入纳米氧化锌粉末20-30重量份,70-80℃磁力搅拌至全部溶解;
步骤二:将上述混合溶液在50℃水浴中用旋转蒸发仪进行减压蒸馏30分钟,待变干后刮出,得到改性海泡石负载氧化锌的凝胶;
步骤三:再置于马弗炉中在200℃下焙烧2小时,取出后以纳米研磨仪研末至纳米级,即获得SMS-Zn粉末。
进一步改进的是:所述引发剂为过硫酸钾,可以显著降低衣康酸、丙烯酸、马来酸反应温度,提高反应速度。
进一步改进的是:所述催化剂为硝酸钠,可以加速与布料纤维的交联反应,与常规的次磷酸钠相比,不含磷,更环保。
进一步的改进是:所述助剂为氨基聚硅氧烷柔软剂,可以提高衬衫布料经交联后受损的强度和柔软度。
进一步的改进是:与低温压烫后进行汽蒸,蒸汽温度102-110摄氏度,时间10-12秒,然后进行低温焙烘,所述低温烘培为分段烘焙,第一段90-100摄氏度,烘干5-7分钟,第二段80-90摄氏度,烘干5-7分钟,第三段70-80摄氏度,烘干5-6分钟。汽蒸可以使整理液体组分与纤维反应更充分,还能缓解压烫对布料引起的呆板手感。
本发明的有益效果:
1.本发明全程不采用含甲醛或能分解出甲醛的材料,最后制备的免烫衬衫不含甲醛,安全卫生,手感柔顺自然,有利于市场推广。
2.使用SMS-Zn可以显著提高衬衫成衣的抗紫外线性能、抗菌性能、除异味性能。
2.所采用的原材料价格低廉,有利于工业化生产。
3.采用衣康酸材料,不仅其材料本身为生物制取。具有环保特性,而且因其产生的反应可以使衬衫具有一定的防汗臭功能。
4.采用压烫后进行汽蒸和分段烘培工艺,可以有效缓解因为压烫导致衬衫手感偏呆板的缺陷,带来更好的手感。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。实施例1一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;
(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:
所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、低温焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸、丙烯酸、马来酸乳液按单体摩尔量1:1:1混合,加入单体摩尔总量10%的引发剂,控制温度80摄氏度,搅拌反应3小时得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸按照1:1摩尔量混合,加入柠檬酸重量0.4%的硼酸,加入占A乳液质量5%的催化剂,占整体液体总体积分数5g/L的助剂,混合均匀制成;所述低温烘干是在50℃的温度下进行的;所述低温压烫的工艺条件为:工艺压力5kg,温度80℃,时间10s;所述低温焙烘的工艺条件为:温度100℃,时间18分钟。所述引发剂为过硫酸钾,所述催化剂为硝酸钠,所述助剂为氨基聚硅氧烷柔软剂,具体为福建广文科技股份有限公司的WR300 CN。
实施例2一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;
(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:
所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、汽蒸、低温分段焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸、丙烯酸、马来酸乳液按单体摩尔量0.7:1:1.2混合,加入单体摩尔总量5%的引发剂,控制温度70摄氏度,搅拌反应2小时得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸按照1:1.2摩尔量混合,加入柠檬酸重量0.5%的硼酸,加入占A乳液质量2%的催化剂,占整体液体总体积分数4g/L的助剂,混合均匀制成;所述低温烘干是在55℃的温度下进行的;所述低温压烫的工艺条件为:工艺压力8kg,温度90℃,时间15s;与低温压烫后进行汽蒸,蒸汽温度102摄氏度,时间10秒,然后进行低温分段焙烘,第一段90-100摄氏度,烘干5分钟,第二段80-90摄氏度,烘干5分钟,第三段70-80摄氏度,烘干5分钟。所述引发剂为过硫酸钾,所述催化剂为硝酸钠,所述助剂为氨基聚硅氧烷柔软剂WR300 CN。
实施例3一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;
(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:
所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、汽蒸、低温分段焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸、丙烯酸、马来酸乳液按单体摩尔量1.2:1:0.7混合,加入单体摩尔总量15%的引发剂,控制温度90摄氏度,搅拌反应4小时得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸按照1:1.5摩尔量混合,加入柠檬酸重量0.6%的硼酸,加入占A乳液质量6%的催化剂,占整体液体总体积分数6g/L的助剂,混合均匀制成;所述低温烘干是在60℃的温度下进行的;所述低温压烫的工艺条件为:工艺压力10kg,温度110℃,时间20s;与低温压烫后进行汽蒸,蒸汽温度110摄氏度,时间12秒,然后进行低温分段焙烘,第一段90-100摄氏度,烘干7分钟,第二段80-90摄氏度,烘干7分钟,第三段70-80摄氏度,烘干6分钟。所述引发剂为过硫酸钾,所述催化剂为硝酸钠,所述助剂为氨基聚硅氧烷柔软剂WR300 CN。
实施例4
对比实施例1而言,改进之处在于将占A乳液重量份0.01%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌,利用超声波均匀分散于所述A乳液中。
所述SMS-Zn的制备方法是:
步骤一:将纳米级海泡石粉50重量份加入质量分数2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中500重量份中,以超声波分散,将海泡石改性,再加入纳米氧化锌粉末20重量份,70℃磁力搅拌至全部溶解;
步骤二:将上述混合溶液在50℃水浴中用旋转蒸发仪进行减压蒸馏30分钟,待变干后刮出,得到改性海泡石负载氧化锌的凝胶;
步骤三:再置于马弗炉中在200℃下焙烧2小时,取出后以纳米研磨仪研末至纳米级,即获得SMS-Zn粉末。
实施例5
对比实施例2而言,改进之处在于将占A乳液重量份0.1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌,利用超声波均匀分散于所述A乳液中。
所述SMS-Zn的制备方法是:
步骤一:将纳米级海泡石粉50重量份加入质量分数2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中500重量份中,以超声波分散,将海泡石改性,再加入纳米氧化锌粉末30重量份,80℃磁力搅拌至全部溶解;
步骤二:将上述混合溶液在50℃水浴中用旋转蒸发仪进行减压蒸馏30分钟,待变干后刮出,得到改性海泡石负载氧化锌的凝胶;
步骤三:再置于马弗炉中在200℃下焙烧2小时,取出后以纳米研磨仪研末至纳米级,即获得SMS-Zn粉末。
实施例6
对比实施例3而言,改进之处在于将占A乳液重量份1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌,利用超声波均匀分散于所述A乳液中。
所述SMS-Zn的制备方法是:
步骤一:将纳米级海泡石粉50重量份加入质量分数2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中500重量份中,以超声波分散,将海泡石改性,再加入纳米氧化锌粉末25重量份,75℃磁力搅拌至全部溶解;
步骤二:将上述混合溶液在50℃水浴中用旋转蒸发仪进行减压蒸馏30分钟,待变干后刮出,得到改性海泡石负载氧化锌的凝胶;
步骤三:再置于马弗炉中在200℃下焙烧2小时,取出后以纳米研磨仪研末至纳米级,即获得SMS-Zn粉末。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下,对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此,举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变,仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
Claims (7)
1.一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)裁剪:将面料排板、开裁;
(2)缝制,得到半成品衬衫;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的半成品衬衫进行免烫处理:其特征在于:
所述免烫处理是将半成品衬衫进行雾化喷药、低温烘干、低温压烫、低温焙烘的步骤,所述雾化喷药中使用的整理液体的制备方法为:将衣康酸单体乳液、丙烯酸单体乳液、马来酸单体乳液按单体摩尔量(0.7-1.2):1:(0.7-1.2)混合,加入单体摩尔总量5-15%的引发剂,控制温度70-90摄氏度,搅拌反应2-4小时得A乳液,将A乳液与柠檬酸按照1:(1-1.5)摩尔量混合,加入柠檬酸重量0.4%-0.6%的硼酸,加入占A乳液总质量2-6%的催化剂,占整体液体总体积分数4-6g/L的助剂,混合均匀制成;所述低温烘干是在50-60℃的温度下进行的;所述低温压烫的工艺条件为:压力4-10kg,温度80-110℃,时间10-20秒;所述低温焙烘的工艺条件为:温度70-100℃,时间15分钟-20分钟。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:将占A乳液重量份0.01-1%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌,利用超声波均匀分散于所述A乳液中。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:所述引发剂为过硫酸钾。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:所述催化剂为硝酸钠。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:所述助剂为氨基聚硅氧烷柔软剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:与低温压烫后进行汽蒸,蒸汽温度102-110摄氏度,时间10-12秒,然后进行低温焙烘,所述低温烘培为分段烘焙,第一段90-100摄氏度,烘干5-7分钟,第二段80-90摄氏度,烘干5-7分钟,第三段70-80摄氏度,烘干5-6分钟。
7.如权利要求2所述的一种无甲醛高支高密纯棉成衣免烫衬衫的制备方法,其特征在于:十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌的制备方法是:
将步骤一:将纳米级海泡石粉50重量份加入质量分数2%的十二烷基苯磺酸钠水溶液中500重量份中,以超声波分散,将海泡石改性,再加入纳米氧化锌粉末20-30重量份,70-80℃磁力搅拌至全部溶解;
步骤二:将上述混合溶液在50℃水浴中用旋转蒸发仪进行减压蒸馏30分钟,待变干后刮出,得到改性海泡石负载氧化锌的凝胶;
步骤三:再置于马弗炉中在200℃下焙烧2小时,取出后以纳米研磨仪研末至纳米级,即获得十二烷基苯磺酸钠改性海泡石负载纳米氧化锌粉末。
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