CN112359258A - Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112359258A
CN112359258A CN202011138250.3A CN202011138250A CN112359258A CN 112359258 A CN112359258 A CN 112359258A CN 202011138250 A CN202011138250 A CN 202011138250A CN 112359258 A CN112359258 A CN 112359258A
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alloy
cobalt
hard alloy
tungsten carbide
weight
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CN112359258B (en
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杨日平
杨俊�
杨湘龙
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Changsha Heijingang Industrial Co Ltd
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Changsha Heijingang Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to CA3196447A priority patent/CA3196447A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2021/112415 priority patent/WO2022083249A1/en
Priority to AU2021363412A priority patent/AU2021363412B2/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
    • B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2302/10—Carbide

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Abstract

The invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, which comprises the following components: 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide; 5-12 parts of cobalt-iron alloy; 0.1 to 0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide. Compared with the prior art, the invention takes the tungsten carbide as the framework and the cobalt-iron alloy as the binder, so that the binder phase can be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, the defects in the alloy are eliminated, the integral hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the hard alloy are improved, and simultaneously, the chromium carbide is added as a crystal grain inhibitor, so that the chromium carbide has good wettability with the binder phase, the dissolution and precipitation and abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide in the sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide crystal grains is ensured, the strength of the binder phase is enhanced, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy are further improved on the basis of not reducing the integral toughness of the alloy.

Description

Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material and workpiece preparation, and particularly relates to a mining hard alloy formula, a mining hard alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Cemented carbide is an alloy material made of a cemented carbide of refractory metals and a binder metal by a powder metallurgy process. The hard alloy has a series of excellent performances of high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, particularly high hardness and wear resistance, basically keeps unchanged even at the temperature of 500 ℃, and still has high hardness at the temperature of 1000 ℃. The hard alloy is widely applied to the fields of machinery, construction, mining machinery and the like. In the field of mining machinery, the impact force applied to a mining tool in the working process is large, and the requirements on the wear resistance and the toughness of hard alloy are large.
However, in the prior art, the coarse-grain tungsten carbide is mostly adopted as an alloy raw material, and although the toughness and plasticity of the prepared alloy are good, the problems of insufficient wear resistance and strength exist, the abrasion is easy, the service life is short, and the operation cost of mining machinery is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mining cemented carbide formula, a mining cemented carbide and a preparation method thereof, the cemented carbide prepared by using the mining cemented carbide formula has high wear resistance and high toughness, the service life is prolonged, and thus the cost ratio of the mining cemented carbide in mining machinery is reduced.
The invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, which comprises the following components:
87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide;
5-12 parts of cobalt-iron alloy;
0.1 to 0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide.
Preferably, the cobalt-iron alloy comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; the mass ratio of the cobalt to the iron to the copper to the nickel is (88-96): (3-11): (0.01-0.12): (0.1-0.5).
Preferably, the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is 3-8 mu m; the Ferris particle size of the cobalt-iron alloy is 1.2-1.7 mu m; the Fisher-size of the chromium carbide is 0.5-1.5 mu m.
The invention also provides the mining hard alloy which is prepared and molded by the mining hard alloy formula.
Preferably, the grain size of tungsten carbide in the mining hard alloy is 2.2-4.0 μm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the mining hard alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, ball-milling, and spray-drying to obtain a mixture;
s2) pressing the mixture to obtain a formed blank;
s3) sintering the formed blank to obtain the mining hard alloy.
Preferably, the step S1) is specifically:
mixing 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, ball-milling for 3-5 hours, adding 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, continuing ball-milling for 20-30 hours, and spray-drying to obtain a mixture.
Preferably, the forming agent is polyethylene glycol; the mass of the forming agent is 2.4-2.5% of the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide.
Preferably, the ratio of the mass of the grinding balls to the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide in the ball milling in the step S1) is (1-4): 1.
preferably, the sintering temperature in the step S3) is 1350-1480 ℃; the sintering pressure is 3-7 bar; the sintering time is 20-60 min.
The invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, which comprises the following components: 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide; 5-12 parts of cobalt-iron alloy; 0.1 to 0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide. Compared with the prior art, the invention takes the tungsten carbide as the framework and the cobalt-iron alloy as the binder, so that the binder phase can be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, the defects in the alloy are eliminated, the integral hardness, the wear resistance and the toughness of the hard alloy are improved, and simultaneously, the chromium carbide is added as a crystal grain inhibitor, so that the chromium carbide has good wettability with the binder phase, the dissolution and precipitation and abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide in the sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide crystal grains is ensured, the strength of the binder phase is enhanced, and the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy are further improved on the basis of not reducing the integral toughness of the alloy.
Experiments show that the hardness of the hard alloy prepared by the invention is 1500-1580 HV, and the bending strength is 3000-3600N/mm2Hard alloy prepared by the prior artCompared with gold (YG6 alloy), the hardness is improved by 60-100 HV, and the strength is improved by 100-500N/mm2(ii) a The alloy ball tooth for mining prepared by the invention is arranged on a down-the-hole drill to chisel a granite rock stratum, the number of rock drilling meters is 260-320 m, and compared with a hard alloy ball tooth (YG6 alloy) prepared by the prior art, the alloy ball tooth for mining prepared by the invention is improved by 20-30%, so that the cost of the alloy for mining in rock drilling equipment is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, which comprises the following components:
87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide;
5-12 parts of cobalt-iron alloy;
0.1 to 0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide.
Wherein the content of the tungsten carbide is preferably 88 to 94 parts by weight, and more preferably 88.27 to 93.78 parts by weight; in some embodiments provided herein, the tungsten carbide is preferably present in an amount of 93.28 parts by weight; in some embodiments provided herein, the tungsten carbide is preferably present in an amount of 93.78 parts by weight; in other embodiments provided herein, the tungsten carbide is preferably present in an amount of 88.27 parts by weight; the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is preferably 3-8 mu m; in some embodiments provided herein, the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is preferably 4-6 μm; in some embodiments provided herein, the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is preferably 3-3.5 μm; in other embodiments provided by the present invention, the fisher grain size of the tungsten carbide is preferably 6 to 8 μm; in the present invention, the tungsten carbide is preferably prepared by high temperature carbonization followed by jet milling. The tungsten carbide powder with the Fisher particle size of 3-6 mu m is adopted, so that a tungsten carbide framework with uniform crystal grains is provided for the alloy, a binding phase can be more uniformly distributed in the hard alloy, and the tungsten carbide powder is an important factor for obtaining high hardness and high strength and toughness of the hard alloy; and when the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is less than 3 mu m, the tungsten carbide is easy to agglomerate, the mixture after spray drying has poor pressing performance, and the defects of layering, cracking and the like are easy to occur.
The content of the cobalt-iron alloy is preferably 6-12 parts by weight, and more preferably 6.21-11.5 parts by weight; in some embodiments provided herein, the content of the cobalt-iron alloy is preferably 6.49 parts by weight; in some embodiments provided herein, the content of the cobalt-iron alloy is preferably 6.21 parts by weight; in other embodiments provided herein, the cobalt-iron alloy is preferably present in an amount of 11.5 parts by weight; the cobalt-iron alloy is preferably cobalt-iron alloy powder, and the Fisher particle size of the cobalt-iron alloy powder is preferably 1.2-1.7 mu m, and more preferably 1.2-1.5 mu m; the cobalt-iron alloy preferably comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; the mass ratio of the cobalt, the iron, the copper and the nickel is preferably (88-96): (3.86-10.89): (0.15-0.12): (0.1 to 0.5), more preferably (88.78 to 95.86): (3-11): (0.02-0.11): (0.15-0.47). The cobalt-iron alloy powder is used as a binder, so that the strength of a binder phase is increased, the fluidity of the binder phase in the alloy sintering process is increased, the defects in the alloy are eliminated, and the overall hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the obtained alloy are enhanced.
The chromium carbide is a grain inhibitor, has good wettability with a bonding phase, can limitedly prevent a dissolution precipitation mechanism of the tungsten carbide in a sintering process, limitedly prevent the abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide in the sintering process, and ensure the integrity of tungsten carbide grains, and in addition, the chromium carbide is dispersed in the cobalt-iron alloy bonding phase, so that the strong hardness of the bonding property is further enhanced, the hardness and the wear resistance of the alloy are further enhanced, and the integral toughness of the alloy is not reduced. In some embodiments provided herein, the chromium carbide is preferably present in an amount of 0.23 parts by weight; in some embodiments provided herein, the chromium carbide is preferably present in an amount of 0.1 parts by weight; in other embodiments provided herein, the chromium carbide is preferably present in an amount of 0.25 parts by weight; the Fisher-Tropsch particle size of the chromium carbide is preferably 0.5-1.5 μm, more preferably 0.5-1.2 μm, and still more preferably 0.5-1 μm.
The invention takes tungsten carbide as a framework and cobalt-iron alloy as a binder, so that a binder phase can be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, the defects in the alloy are eliminated, the integral hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the hard alloy are improved, and simultaneously, chromium carbide is added as a grain inhibitor, so that the chromium carbide has good wettability with the binder phase, the dissolution, precipitation and abnormal growth of tungsten carbide in a sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide grains is ensured, the strength of the binder phase is enhanced, and the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy are further improved on the basis of not reducing the integral toughness of the alloy.
The invention also provides a mining hard alloy which is prepared and molded by the mining hard alloy formula; the grain size of the tungsten carbide in the mining hard alloy is preferably 2.2-4.0 μm, more preferably 2.25-3.5 μm, and even more preferably 2.25-3.2 μm.
The mining hard alloy provided by the invention has the advantages of high hardness, high wear resistance and high toughness, so that the service life of the mining hard alloy is prolonged.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the mining hard alloy, which comprises the following steps: s1) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, ball-milling, and spray-drying to obtain a mixture; s2) pressing the mixture to obtain a formed blank; s3) sintering the formed blank to obtain the mining hard alloy.
Wherein, the sources of all raw materials are not specially limited and can be sold in the market; the tungsten carbide, the ferrocobalt alloy and the chromium carbide are the same as those described above, and are not described in detail herein.
Mixing tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy, chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, and ball-milling; the forming agent is preferably polyethylene glycol; the mass of the forming agent is preferably 2.4-2.5% of the total mass of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide; the solvent is preferably ethanol; the dosage of the solvent is preferably 0.28-0.3L of solvent per kilogram of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide powder; the ratio of the mass of the grinding ball to the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide during ball milling is (1-4): 1; the rotating speed during ball milling is preferably 34-40 r/min; in the invention, the cobalt-iron alloy, the chromium carbide, the forming agent and the solvent are mixed and ball-milled, and then the tungsten carbide is added for continuous ball milling; the time for mixing and ball milling the cobalt-iron alloy, the chromium carbide, the forming agent and the solvent is preferably 3-5 h; the time for adding tungsten carbide and continuing ball milling is preferably 20-30 h. Firstly, the chromium carbide powder and the cobalt-iron alloy powder are mixed by ball milling, so that the chromium carbide powder and the cobalt-iron alloy powder can be mixed more uniformly in the cobalt-iron alloy powder and the tungsten carbide powder.
And after the ball milling is finished, spray drying to obtain a mixture.
Pressing the mixture to obtain a formed blank; the pressing pressure is preferably 25T-35T, more preferably 26T-30T; the pressing time is preferably 3-5 s.
Sintering the formed blank to obtain the mining hard alloy; the sintering temperature is preferably 1350-1480 ℃, and more preferably 1350-1450 ℃; the sintering pressure is preferably 3-7 bar, and more preferably 3-5 bar; the sintering time is preferably 20-60 min, more preferably 20-40 min
The grain size of the mining hard alloy tungsten carbide obtained by the preparation method is 2.2-4.0 mu m, and the mining hard alloy tungsten carbide has the characteristics of high cobalt magnetism, low coercive force, high hardness and high strength, so that the unification of high wear resistance and high plasticity of the alloy is realized.
In order to further illustrate the invention, the following describes in detail a mining cemented carbide formula, a mining cemented carbide and a preparation method thereof provided by the invention with reference to examples.
The reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available.
The compositions of the cobalt-iron alloy powders used in the examples are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 CoFealloy powder composition
Figure BDA0002737395710000051
Figure BDA0002737395710000061
Example 1
The hard alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight (the total weight is 500Kg)
Components Tungsten carbide Cobalt iron alloy powder Chromium carbide powder
Weight (Kg) 466.4 32.45 1.15
Weight percent (%) 93.28 6.49 0.23
Wherein the Ferris grain size of the tungsten carbide is 6 mu m, the Ferris grain size of the cobalt-iron alloy powder is 1.2 mu m, and the Ferris grain size of the chromium carbide is 0.50 mu m.
The preparation method of the mining hard alloy by using the hard alloy raw materials comprises the following steps:
a. adding cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the hard alloy raw material into a ball mill, injecting 140L of industrial alcohol and 12Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG), mixing for 3h at 34r/min, then adding the tungsten carbide powder, continuing ball milling for 30h, and then performing spray drying, wherein the weight ratio of the grinding balls of the ball mill to the hard alloy raw material is 1: 1;
b. pressing the mixture prepared by spray drying into a mining spherical tooth blank, wherein the pressing pressure is 28T, and the pressure maintaining time is 5 s;
c. sintering the blank at 1450 deg.C under 5bar pressure for 40min to obtain hard alloy spherical tooth with tungsten carbide grain size of 2.85 μm, hardness of 1522HV, and bending strength of 3300N/mm2. Wherein, the hardness and the bending strength are respectively executed according to GB/T4340-2012 and GB/T232-2010 standards.
The hard alloy spherical teeth obtained in the example 1 are assembled on a down-the-hole drill bit and subjected to a rock drilling field test, the rock formation is granite, the rock fails after the number of continuous rock drilling meters is 300m, and 70m more than that of a traditional alloy spherical tooth drill bit (YG6 alloy) at the same place and under the same condition is drilled.
Example 2
The hard alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight (the total weight is 500Kg)
Components Tungsten carbide Cobalt iron alloy powder Chromium carbide powder
Weight (Kg) 468.9 31.05 0.5
Weight percent (%) 93.78 6.21 0.1
Wherein the Ferris grain size of the tungsten carbide is 3.5 mu m, the Ferris grain size of the cobalt-iron alloy powder is 1.2 mu m, and the Ferris grain size of the chromium carbide is 1.0 mu m.
The preparation method of the mining hard alloy by using the hard alloy raw materials comprises the following steps:
a. adding cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the hard alloy raw material into a ball mill, injecting 140L of industrial alcohol and 12Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG), mixing for 5h at 34r/min, then adding the tungsten carbide powder, continuing ball milling for 20h, and then performing spray drying, wherein the weight ratio of the ball mill grinding balls to the hard alloy raw material is 4: 1;
b. and pressing the mixture prepared by spray drying into a mining spherical tooth blank, wherein the pressing pressure is 30T, and the pressure maintaining time is 3 s.
c. Sintering the blank at 1380 deg.C and 4bar for 40min to obtain hard alloy spherical tooth with tungsten carbide grain size of 2.25 μm, hardness of 1578HRC, and bending strength of 3100N/mm2。
The cemented carbide button obtained in example 2 was mounted on a down-the-hole drill bit and subjected to a rock drilling field test, the rock formation was granite, the number of continuous rock drills was 320m, and the drill bit failed, and drilled 90m more than a conventional cemented carbide button drill bit (alloy YG 6) at the same point and under the same conditions.
Example 3
The hard alloy raw material comprises the following components in percentage by weight (the total weight is 500Kg)
Components Tungsten carbide Cobalt iron alloy powder Chromium carbide powder
Weight (Kg) 441.35 57.5 1.15
Weight percent (%) 88.27 11.5 0.23
Wherein the Fisher size of tungsten carbide is 7 μm, the Fisher size of cobalt-iron alloy powder is 1.4 μm, and the Fisher size of chromium carbide is 0.8 μm.
The preparation method of the mining hard alloy by using the hard alloy raw materials comprises the following steps:
a. adding cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the hard alloy raw material into a ball mill, injecting 140L of industrial alcohol and 12Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG), mixing for 3h at 34r/min, then adding the tungsten carbide powder, continuing ball milling for 25h, and then performing spray drying, wherein the weight ratio of the ball mill grinding balls to the hard alloy raw material is 4: 1;
b. pressing the mixture prepared by spray drying into a mining spherical tooth blank, wherein the pressing pressure is 26T, and the pressure maintaining time is 3 s;
c. sintering the blank at 1350 deg.C and 3bar pressure for 40min to obtain hard alloy spherical tooth with tungsten carbide grain size of 3.2 μm, hardness of 1411HRC, and bending strength of 3500N/mm2。
The hard alloy spherical teeth obtained in the example 3 are assembled on a roller bit to carry out a rock drilling field test, the rock stratum is metamorphic rock iron ore, the rock fails after the number of continuous rock drills is 1320m, and the rock drilling field test drills 300m more than that of a traditional alloy spherical tooth bit (YG6 alloy) in the same place and under the same condition.
Comparative example 1
The raw material ratios and the preparation method are the same as those of example 1, except that the cobalt-iron alloy powder is added in the form of cobalt, iron, copper and nickel respectively to prepare the hard alloy spherical tooth.
The properties of the cemented carbide buttons obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were analyzed, and the results of the measurements are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 cemented carbide button Performance test results
Figure BDA0002737395710000081

Claims (10)

1. A mining hard alloy formula is characterized by comprising:
87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide;
5-12 parts of cobalt-iron alloy;
0.1 to 0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide.
2. The mining hard alloy formulation according to claim 1, wherein the cobalt-iron alloy comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; the mass ratio of the cobalt to the iron to the copper to the nickel is (88-96): (3-11): (0.01-0.12): (0.1-0.5).
3. The mining hard alloy formula according to claim 1, wherein the Fisher size of the tungsten carbide is 3-8 μm; the Ferris particle size of the cobalt-iron alloy is 1.2-1.7 mu m; the Fisher-size of the chromium carbide is 0.5-1.5 mu m.
4. The mining hard alloy is characterized by being prepared and molded by the formula of the mining hard alloy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The mining hard alloy according to claim 4, wherein the grain size of tungsten carbide in the mining hard alloy is 2.2-4.0 μm.
6. The preparation method of the mining hard alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, ball-milling, and spray-drying to obtain a mixture;
s2) pressing the mixture to obtain a formed blank;
s3) sintering the formed blank to obtain the mining hard alloy.
7. The preparation method according to claim 6, wherein the step S1) is specifically:
mixing 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 part by weight of chromium carbide, a forming agent and a solvent, ball-milling for 3-5 hours, adding 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, continuing ball-milling for 20-30 hours, and spray-drying to obtain a mixture.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the forming agent is polyethylene glycol; the mass of the forming agent is 2.4-2.5% of the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide.
9. The preparation method of claim 6, wherein the ratio of the mass of the grinding balls to the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide in the ball milling in the step S1) is (1-4): 1.
10. the manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the sintering temperature in the step S3) is 1350-1480 ℃; the sintering pressure is 3-7 bar; the sintering time is 20-60 min.
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