AU2021363412A1 - Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method therefor - Google Patents
Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229910001313 Cobalt-iron alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical group CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910020598 Co Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002519 Co-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/08—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/051—Making hard metals based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides; Preparation of the powder mixture used as the starting material therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
- C22C29/067—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds comprising a particular metallic binder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/043—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by ball milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/10—Carbide
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Provided is a mining hard alloy formula. The mining hard alloy formula comprises the following components in parts by weight: 87-94 parts of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts of a cobalt-iron alloy, and 0.1-0.25 parts of chromium carbide. Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the mining hard alloy has tungsten carbide as a framework, and a cobalt-iron alloy as a binder, such that a binder phase can be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, which eliminates the advantages in the alloy and improves the overall hardness, wear resistance and toughness of the hard alloy; moreover, chromium carbide is added as a grain inhibitor and has a good wettability with the binder, such that the dissolving precipitation and abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide during the sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide grains is ensured, the strength of the bonding phase is enhanced, and the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy are further improved, while the overall strength and toughness of the alloy are not reduced.
Description
[0001] This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 202011138250.3, filed with the China National Intellectual Property Administration on October 22, 2020, and titled with "MINING HARD ALLOY FORMULA, MINING HARD ALLOY AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
[0002] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material and workpiece preparation, and in particular to a mining hard alloy formula, a mining hard alloy and a preparation method therefor.
[0003] Hard alloy is an alloy material made of hard alloy of refractory metal and bonding metal through powder metallurgy process. Hard alloy has a series of excellent properties such as high hardness, wear resistance, good strength and toughness, heat resistance and corrosion resistance, especially its high hardness and wear resistance enable it to remain basically unchanged even at a temperature of 500°C, and have high hardness at 1000°C. Hard alloy is widely used in fields such as machinery, construction, and mining machinery. In the field of mining machinery, mining tools are subject to a greater impact force during work, which requires great wear resistance and toughness of hard alloy.
[0004] In the prior art, tungsten carbide with coarse grains is mostly used as the alloy raw material. Although the toughness and plasticity of the alloy prepared therefrom are good, there are problems such as insufficient wear resistance and strength, easy to wear, short service life, and increasing the operating costs of mining machinery.
[0005] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a mining hard alloy formula, a mining hard alloy and a preparation method therefor. The hard alloy prepared by using the mining hard alloy formula has high wear resistance and high strength and toughness, which prolongs its service life, thereby reducing the cost ratio of mining alloys in mining machinery.
[0006] The present invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, comprising:
[0007] tungsten carbide 87-94 parts by weight;
[0008] cobalt-iron alloy 5-12 parts by weight; and
[0009] chromium carbide 0.1-0.25 parts by weight.
[0010] Preferably, the cobalt-iron alloy comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; where the cobalt, iron, copper and nickel are in a mass ratio of (88-96): (3-11): (0.01-0.12): (0.1- 0.5).
[0011] Preferably, the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of 3-8 [m; the cobalt-iron alloy has a Fisher grain size of 1.2-1.7 [m; and the chromium carbide has a Fisher grain size of 0.5-1.5 ptm.
[0012] The present invention further provides a mining hard alloy, which is prepared and molded from the above mining hard alloy formula.
[0013] Preferably, the mining hard alloy has a tungsten carbide grain size of 2.2-4.0 [m.
[0014] The present invention further provides a method for preparing a mining hard alloy, comprising:
[0015] Si) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 parts by weight of chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent and ball milling, and spray drying the mixture to obtain a mixed material;
[0016] S2) pressing the mixed material to obtain a molded blank;
[0017] S3) sintering the molded blank to obtain a mining hard alloy.
[0018] Preferably, the step SI) specifically comprises:
[0019] mixing 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 parts by weight of chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent and ball milling for 3-5 h, then adding 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, further ball milling for 20-30 h, and spray drying the mixture to obtain a mixed material.
[0020] Preferably, the molding agent is polyethylene glycol; a mass of the molding agent is 2.4% 2.5% of the total mass of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide.
[0021] Preferably, in the step Si), during the ball milling, a mass of the grinding balls and the total mass of the tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide are in a ratio of (1-4):1.
[0022] Preferably, in the step S3), the sintering is performed at a temperature of 1350°C-1480°C and a pressure of 3-7 bar for 20-60 min.
[0023] The present invention provides a mining hard alloy formula comprising: 87-94 parts of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts of a cobalt-iron alloy, and 0.1-0.25 parts of chromium carbide. Compared with the prior art, in the present invention, the mining hard alloy has tungsten carbide as a framework, and a cobalt-iron alloy as a binder, such that a binding phase can be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, which eliminates the defects in the alloy and improves the overall hardness, wear resistance, and strength and toughness of the hard alloy. Moreover, chromium carbide is added as a grain inhibitor, which has a good wettability with the binder, such that the dissolving precipitation and abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide during the sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide grains is ensured, the strength of the bonding phase is enhanced, and the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy are further improved without reducing the overall strength and toughness of the alloy.
[0024] Experiments show that the hard alloy prepared by the present invention has a hardness of 1500-1580 HV, and a bending strength of 3000-3600 N/mm 2, which has increased the hardness by 60-100 HV, and increased the strength by 100-500 N/mm 2 compared with the hard alloy (YG6 alloy) prepared by the prior art. When a mining alloy dome button prepared by the present invention is installed on the down-the-hole drill bit to drill the rock formation of the granite, it can drill the rock for 260-320 m, which has increased by 20-30% compared with the hard alloy dome button (YG6 alloy) prepared by the prior art, thereby reducing the cost of mining alloy in rock drilling equipment.
[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the examples of the present invention. Apparently, the described examples are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the examples of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
[0026] The present invention provides a mining hard alloy formula, comprising:
[0027] tungsten carbide 87-94 parts by weight;
[0028] cobalt-iron alloy 5-12 parts by weight; and
[0029] chromium carbide 0.1-0.25 parts by weight.
[0030] Among them, the tungsten carbide has a content of preferably 88-94 parts by weight, more preferably 88.27-93.78 parts by weight. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a content of preferably 93.28 parts by weight. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a content of preferably 93.78 parts by weight. In another embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a content of preferably 88.27 parts by weight and a Fischer grain size of preferably 3 8 m. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of preferably 4-6 m. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of preferably 3-3.5 m. In another embodiments provided by the present invention, the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of preferably 6-8 m. In the present invention, the tungsten carbide is preferably prepared by carbonizing at high temperature and then crushing by airflow. The use of the tungsten carbide powder with a Fisher grain size of 3 6 m provides the alloy with a uniform tungsten carbide framework, which enables a binding phase to be uniformly dispersed in the hard alloy, and is an important factor in obtaining high hardness and high strength and toughness properties of the hard alloy. However, when the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of less than 3 m, agglomeration is easy to occur, the spray-dried mixed material has poor compression performance, and defects such as delamination and cracking are prone to occur.
[0031] The cobalt-iron alloy has a content of preferably 6-12 parts by weight, more preferably 6.21-11.5 parts by weight. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the cobalt-iron alloy has a content of preferably 6.49 parts by weight. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the cobalt-iron alloy has a content of preferably 6.21 parts by weight. In another embodiments provided by the present invention, the cobalt-iron alloy has a content of preferably 11.5 parts by weight. The cobalt-iron alloy is preferably cobalt-iron alloy powder, and has a Fisher grain size of preferably 1.2-1.7 [m, more preferably 1.2-1.5 [m. The cobalt-iron alloy preferably comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; where the cobalt, iron, copper and nickel are in a mass ratio of preferably (88 -96): (3.86-10.89): (0.15-0.12): (0.1-0.5), more preferably (88.78-95.86): (3-11): (0.02-0.11): (0.15-0.47). The use of the cobalt-iron alloy powder as a binder not only increases the strength and hardness of the binding phase, but also helps to increase the fluidity of the binder phase during the alloy sintering process, eliminating the defects in the alloy, and enhancing the overall hardness, wear resistance and strength and toughness of the obtained alloy.
[0032] Chromium carbide is a grain inhibitor and has a good wettability with the binding phase. Chromium carbide can limitedly prevent the dissolving precipitation of tungsten carbide during the sintering process, limitedly prevent the abnormal growth of tungsten carbide during the sintering process, and ensure the integrity of the tungsten carbide grains. In addition, the chromium carbide is dispersed in the cobalt-iron alloy binding phase, further enhancing the hardness of the binding phase, and enhancing the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy, without reducing the overall strength and toughness of the alloy. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the chromium carbide has a content of preferably 0.23 parts by weight. In some embodiments provided by the present invention, the chromium carbide has a content of preferably 0.1 parts by weight. In another embodiments provided by the present invention, the chromium carbide has a content of preferably 0.25 parts by weight, and a Fisher grain size of preferably 0.5-1.5 [m, more preferably 0.5-1.2 jm, and even more preferably 0.5-1 m.
[0033] In the present invention, tungsten carbide is used as a framework, and cobalt-iron alloy is used as a binder, such that the binding phase can be evenly dispersed in the hard alloy, eliminating the defects in the alloy, and improving the overall hardness, wear resistance and strength and toughness of the hard alloy. Moreover, chromium carbide is added as a grain inhibitor, which has a good wettability with the bonding phase, such that the dissolving precipitation and abnormal growth of the tungsten carbide during the sintering process are inhibited, the integrity of tungsten carbide grains is ensured, the strength of the bonding phase is enhanced, and the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy are further improved without reducing the overall strength and toughness of the alloy.
[0034] The present invention further provides a mining hard alloy, which is prepared and molded from the above mining hard alloy; wherein the mining hard alloy has a tungsten carbide grain size of 2.2-4.0 m, more preferably 2.25-3.5 im, further more preferably 2.25-3.2 m.
[0035] The mining hard alloy provided by the present invention has the advantages of high hardness, high wear resistance and high strength and toughness, thereby improving the service life thereof.
[0036] The present invention further provides a method for preparing the above mining hard alloy, comprising: Si) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 parts by weight of chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent and ball milling, and spray drying the mixture to obtain a mixed material; S2) pressing the mixed material to obtain a molded blank; S3) sintering the molded blank to obtain a mining hard alloy.
[0037] The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of all raw materials, which are commercially available. The tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide are all the same as above, and will not be elaborated here.
[0038] Tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy, chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent are mixed and ball milled; where the molding agent is preferably polyethylene glycol; a mass of the molding agent is preferably 2.4%- 2 .5 % of the total mass of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide; the solvent is preferably ethanol; an amount of the solvent is preferably 0.28 0.3 L of solvent per kilogram of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide powder; during the ball milling, a mass of the grinding balls and the total mass of the tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide are in a ratio of (1-4):1; and the ball-milling is preferably conducted at a speed of 34-40 r/min. In the present invention, in this step, the cobalt-iron alloy, chromium carbide, molding agent and solvent are preferably mixed and ball milled firstly, and then added with tungsten carbide, and the mixture is further ball milled; where the cobalt-iron alloy, chromium carbide, molding agent and solvent are mixed and ball milled for preferably 3-5 h; after the addition of tungsten carbide, the mixture is further ball milled for preferably 20-30 h. The chromium carbide powder and the cobalt-iron alloy powder are first mixed and ball milled, such that the chromium carbide is mixed more evenly in the cobalt-iron alloy powder, and the cobalt iron alloy powder is mixed more evenly in the tungsten carbide powder.
[0039] After ball milling, the mixture is spray-dried to obtain a mixed material.
[0040] The mixed material is pressed at a pressure of preferably 25 T-35 T, more preferably 26 T-30 T for preferably 3-5 s to obtain a molded blank.
[0041] The molded blank is sintered at a temperature of preferably 1350°C-1480°C, more preferably 1350°C-1450°C and a pressure of preferably 3-7 bar, more preferably 3-5 bar for preferably 20-60 min, more preferably 20-40 min to obtain a mining hard alloy.
[0042] The mining hard alloy prepared by the method of the present invention has a tungsten carbide grain size of 2.2-4.0 [m, and has the characteristics of high magnetic cobalt, low coercive force, high hardness, and high strength, thereby realizing the unification of high wear resistance and high plasticity of the alloy.
[0043] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with examples.
[0044] The reagents used in the following examples are all commercially available.
[0045] The composition of the cobalt-iron alloy powder used in the examples is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Composition of cobalt-iron alloy powder
Co-Fe alloy powder Element Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Pure Co
Co 88.78% 95.86% 92.72% 99.98%
Fe 10.89% 3.86% 6.88% 30PPM
Ni 0.47% 0.15% 0.36% 1OPPM
Cu 0.06% 0.11% 0.02% 10PPM
Example 1
[0046] The components and content of each component of the hard alloy raw materials are as follows (a total weight of 500 Kg).
Cobalt-iron alloy Chromium carbide Component Tungsten carbide powder powder
Weight (Kg) 466.4 32.45 1.15
Weight percentage 93.28 6.49 0.23 (0%)
[0047] Among them, the tungsten carbide has a Fischer grain size of 6 m, the cobalt-iron alloy powder has a Fischer grain size of 1.2 [m, and the chromium carbide has a Fischer grain size of 0.50 [m.
[0048] A mining hard alloy was prepared with the above hard alloy raw materials according to the following method:
[0049] a. The cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the above hard alloy raw materials were put into a ball mill, to which 140 L of industrial alcohol and 12 Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were then injected, and the mixture was mixed at 34 r/min for 3 h. Then the above tungsten carbide powder was added, and the mixture was further ball milled for 30 h, and then spray dried, wherein the grinding balls in the ball mill and the hard alloy raw materials were in a weight ratio of 1:1;
[0050] b. The mixed material prepared by spray drying was pressed at a pressure of 28 T for 5 s into a mining dome button blank;
[0051] c. The blank was sintered at a temperature of 1450°C and a pressure of 5 bar for 40 min to obtain a hard alloy dome button. The obtained hard alloy had a tungsten carbide grain size of 2.85 jm, a hardness of 1522 HV, and a bending strength of 3300 N/mm2 , wherein the hardness and bending strength were evaluated according to GB/T4340-2012 and GB/T232--2010 standards respectively.
[0052] The hard alloy dome button obtained in Example 1 was installed on a down-the-hole drill bit to conduct rock drilling field test on a rock formation of granite. It reached a maximum depth of 300 m under continuous rock drilling, which was 70 m more than that of the traditional alloy dome button drill bit (YG6 alloy) under the same conditions at the same place.
Example 2
[0053] The components and content of each component of the hard alloy raw materials are as follows (a total weight of 500 Kg).
Cobalt-iron alloy Chromium carbide Component Tungsten carbide powder powder
Weight (Kg) 468.9 31.05 0.5
Weight percentage 93.78 6.21 0.1 (0%)
[0054] Among them, the tungsten carbide has a Fischer grain size of 3.5 [m, the cobalt-iron alloy powder has a Fischer grain size of 1.2 [m, and the chromium carbide has a Fischer grain size of 1.0 [m.
[0055] A mining hard alloy was prepared with the above hard alloy raw materials according to the following method:
[0056] a. The cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the above hard alloy raw materials were put into a ball mill, to which 140 L of industrial alcohol and 12 Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were then injected, and the mixture was mixed at 34 r/min for 5 h. Then the above tungsten carbide powder was added, and the mixture was further ball milled for 20 h, and then spray dried, wherein the grinding balls in the ball mill and the hard alloy raw materials were in a weight ratio of 4:1;
[0057] b. The mixed material prepared by spray drying was pressed at a pressure of 30 T for 3 s into a mining dome button blank;
[0058] c. The blank was sintered at a temperature of 1380°C and a pressure of 4 bar for 40 min to obtain a hard alloy dome button. The obtained hard alloy had a tungsten carbide grain size of
2.25 [m, a hardness of 1578 HRC, and a bending strength of 3100 N/mm2
[0059] The hard alloy dome button obtained in Example 2 was installed on a down-the-hole drill bit to conduct rock drilling field test on a rock formation of granite. It reached a maximum depth of 320 m under continuous rock drilling, which was 90 m more than that of the traditional alloy dome button drill bit (YG6 alloy) under the same conditions at the same place.
Example 3
[0060] The components and content of each component of the hard alloy raw materials are as follows (a total weight of 500 Kg).
Cobalt-iron alloy Chromium carbide Component Tungsten carbide powder powder
Weight (Kg) 441.35 57.5 1.15
Weight percentage 88.27 11.5 0.23 (0%)
[0061] Among them, the tungsten carbide has a Fischer grain size of 7 m, the cobalt-iron alloy powder has a Fischer grain size of 1.4 [m, and the chromium carbide has a Fischer grain size of 0.8 [m.
[0062] A mining hard alloy was prepared with the above hard alloy raw materials according to the following method:
[0063] a. The cobalt-iron alloy powder and chromium carbide in the above hard alloy raw materials were put into a ball mill, to which 140 L of industrial alcohol and 12 Kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG) were then injected, and the mixture was mixed at 34 r/min for 3 h. Then the above tungsten carbide powder was added, and the mixture was further ball milled for 25 h, and then spray dried, wherein the grinding balls in the ball mill and the hard alloy raw materials were in a weight ratio of 4:1;
[0064] b. The mixed material prepared by spray drying was pressed at a pressure of 26 T for 3 s into a mining dome button blank;
[0065] c. The blank was sintered at a temperature of 1350°C and a pressure of 3 bar for 40 min to obtain a hard alloy dome button. The obtained hard alloy had a tungsten carbide grain size of 3.2
[tm, a hardness of 1411 HRC, and a bending strength of 3500 N/mm 2
[0066] The hard alloy dome button obtained in Example 3 was installed on a down-the-hole drill bit to conduct rock drilling field test on a rock formation of granite. It reached a maximum depth of 1320 m under continuous rock drilling, which was 300 m more than that of the traditional alloy dome button drill bit (YG6 alloy) under the same conditions at the same place.
Comparative example 1
[0067] Raw material ratios and preparation methods were the same as in Example 1, except that the cobalt-iron alloy powders were added in the form of cobalt, iron, copper and nickel respectively to prepare a hard alloy dome button.
[0068] Performances of the hard alloy dome button obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were analyzed, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Test results of performance of hard alloy dome button
Magnetic Density Coercivity Hardness Grain Bending Type cobalt (g/cm 3) (KA/m) (HV30) size/ptm strength (com%)
Example 1 14.89 5.73 10.29 1522 2.85 3300
Example 2 14.92 5.97 12.48 1576 2.22 3100
Example 3 14.44 10.31 6.27 1411 3.2 3500
Traditional YG6 alloy 14.95 5.33 12.84 1459 2.44 3010
Comparative Example 14.89 5.56 11.43 1436 2.78 2980
Claims (10)
1. A mining hard alloy formula, comprising:
tungsten carbide 87-94 parts by weight;
cobalt-iron alloy 5-12 parts by weight; and
chromium carbide 0.1-0.25 parts by weight.
2. The mining hard alloy formula according to claim 1, wherein the cobalt-iron alloy comprises cobalt, iron, copper and nickel; where the cobalt, iron, copper and nickel are in a mass ratio of (88-96): (3-11): (0.01-0.12): (0.1- 0.5).
3. The mining hard alloy formula according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten carbide has a Fisher grain size of 3-8 [m; the cobalt-iron alloy has a Fisher grain size of 1.2-1.7 [m; and the chromium carbide has a Fisher grain size of 0.5-1.5 [m.
4. A mining hard alloy, which is prepared and molded from the mining hard alloy formula according to any one of claims 1-3.
5. The mining hard alloy according to claim 4, wherein the mining hard alloy has a tungsten carbide grain size of 2.2-4.0 [m.
6. A method for preparing a mining hard alloy, comprising:
Sl) mixing 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 parts by weight of chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent and ball milling, and spray drying the mixture to obtain a mixed material;
S2) pressing the mixed material to obtain a molded blank;
S3) sintering the molded blank to obtain a mining hard alloy.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step S) specifically comprises:
mixing 5-12 parts by weight of cobalt-iron alloy, 0.1-0.25 parts by weight of chromium carbide, a molding agent and a solvent and ball milling for 3-5 h, then adding 87-94 parts by weight of tungsten carbide, further ball milling for 20-30 h, and spray drying the mixture to obtain a mixed material.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the molding agent is polyethylene glycol; a mass of the molding agent is 2.4%-2.5% of the total mass of tungsten carbide, cobalt-iron alloy and chromium carbide.
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step Si), during the ball milling, a mass of the grinding balls and the total mass of the tungsten carbide, the cobalt-iron alloy and the chromium carbide are in a ratio of (1-4):1.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S3), the sintering is performed at a temperature of 1350°C-1480°C and a pressure of 3-7 bar for 20-60 min.
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| CN202011138250.3A CN112359258B (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2020-10-22 | Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
| PCT/CN2021/112415 WO2022083249A1 (en) | 2020-10-22 | 2021-08-13 | Mining hard alloy formula, mining hard alloy and preparation method therefor |
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| CN114855018B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-07-18 | 晋城鸿智纳米光机电研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of nano hard alloy |
| CN115074592A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-20 | 河源正信硬质合金有限公司 | High-temperature-resistant high-toughness hard alloy material for die and preparation method thereof |
| CN115584423A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-10 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Composition for preparing low-cobalt ultra-coarse-grain hard alloy, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117684036B (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-04-26 | 崇义章源钨业股份有限公司 | Superfine crystal hard alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| JPS5227005A (en) * | 1975-08-28 | 1977-03-01 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Hard metal |
| DE69525248T2 (en) * | 1995-08-23 | 2002-09-26 | Toshiba Tungaloy Co Ltd | Tungsten carbide containing surface crystalline tungsten carbide, composition for the production of surface crystalline tungsten carbide and method for producing the hard metal |
| CN103789595B (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2015-11-18 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of industrialized process for preparing with the WC-12Co Wimet of superelevation bending strength |
| CN105695836A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-22 | 自贡硬质合金有限责任公司 | Preparation method for WC-(Co+Ni+Cr) composite binding-phase hard alloy |
| CN105349867B (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-05-03 | 西迪技术股份有限公司 | Alloy bit and preparing method thereof |
| CN109439994B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-08-10 | 长沙黑金刚实业有限公司 | Grinding material, preparation method, use method and prepared product |
| JP7235199B2 (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-03-08 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Cemented carbide and cutting tools |
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