CN112352491A - Saline-alkali soil improvement system and method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil improvement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112352491A CN112352491A CN202010967867.XA CN202010967867A CN112352491A CN 112352491 A CN112352491 A CN 112352491A CN 202010967867 A CN202010967867 A CN 202010967867A CN 112352491 A CN112352491 A CN 112352491A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention provides a saline-alkali soil improvement system and a saline-alkali soil improvement method, which comprise the following steps: the saline-alkali water treatment unit comprises a spray irrigation pipe group, a blind pipe group, a salt isolating and discharging layer, a planting soil layer and a vegetation layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; wherein, the sprinkling irrigation pipe group is vertical to the blind pipe group; the inlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with the main blind pipe in the blind pipe group, and the outlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with the inlet of the main spray irrigation pipe of the spray irrigation pipe group. According to the saline-alkali soil improvement system provided by the invention, the vegetation layer is supplemented with water through the sprinkling irrigation pipe set, water flows pass through the salt separation and discharge layer and the blind pipe set and are converged into the saline-alkali water treatment unit, the pH value of saline-alkali water is reduced through the treatment of the saline-alkali water treatment unit, and the treated water is sprayed to the vegetation layer through the sprinkling irrigation pipe set, so that the cyclic recycling of the saline-alkali water is realized, the problem of insufficient water resources is solved, meanwhile, the pH value of soil is reduced, the normal growth of vegetation is ensured, and the survival rate of vegetation is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of landscape engineering construction, in particular to a saline-alkali soil improvement system and method.
Background
The plantation of turf and groundcover in garden landscape engineering belongs to the key and difficult point in garden engineering, the condition of soil directly influences the growth condition of the groundcover and turf, especially in areas with high saline-alkali degree, water resource is extremely lack, and soil nutrient condition is great, so the survival rate of the turf and groundcover is improved, which is a urgent affair, and therefore, the method for improving the saline-alkali soil suitable for the groundcover and the turf is provided. At present, saline-alkali soil is mainly improved by combining several effective improvement modes such as physical improvement, chemical improvement and the like together, and different improvement measures are combined to form vegetation in saline-alkali areas, however, the method still cannot solve the problem that plants cannot grow normally due to insufficient water resources.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a saline-alkali soil improvement system, and aims to solve the problem that the survival rate of turf and ground cover is low due to insufficient water resources and high salinity and alkalinity.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a saline-alkali soil improving system, including: the saline-alkali water treatment unit comprises a spray irrigation pipe group, a blind pipe group, a salt isolating and discharging layer, a planting soil layer and a vegetation layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the sprinkling irrigation pipe group is perpendicular to the blind pipe group, the sprinkling branch pipes in the sprinkling irrigation pipe group are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the branch blind pipes in the blind pipe group are arranged in parallel at intervals; the inlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with a main path blind pipe in the blind pipe group and is used for neutralizing the water with higher salinity and alkalinity discharged from the main path blind pipe; the outlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with the inlet of the main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group, and the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is used for conveying neutralized water to each sprinkling irrigation branch pipe so as to supply water to the vegetable layer; the salt separating and discharging layer is arranged between the planting soil layer and the blind pipe group and used for discharging water with higher salt alkalinity in the planting soil layer into the blind pipe so as to reduce the pH value of the planting soil layer.
Further, in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, the saline-alkali water treatment unit includes: the first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage sedimentation tank, the third-stage sedimentation tank and the reaction tank are sequentially communicated from upstream to downstream; wherein, a grate is arranged at the inlet of the primary sedimentation tank and is used for primarily filtering the water discharged by the main path blind pipe; and a water suction pump is arranged in the reaction tank and used for conveying the water subjected to neutralization treatment to the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
Further, in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, a timing water supplementing device is arranged on a main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
Further, in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, each sprinkling irrigation branch pipe slopes to the sprinkling irrigation main pipe with a gradient of 0.1%.
Furthermore, in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, each sprinkling irrigation branch pipe is fixed in the planting soil layer through a concrete anchor block.
Further, in the saline-alkali soil improvement system, the salt separating and removing layer includes: the non-woven fabric layer, the reticular water seepage plate and the ceramsite gravel layer are sequentially arranged from the blind pipe group to the planting soil layer.
According to the saline-alkali water recycling device, the vegetation layer is supplemented with water through the sprinkling irrigation pipe set, water flows through the salt separating and discharging layer and the blind pipe set and converges into the saline-alkali water treatment unit, the pH value of saline-alkali water is reduced through treatment of the saline-alkali water treatment unit, and the treated water is sprayed to the vegetation layer through the sprinkling irrigation pipe set, so that the recycling of the saline-alkali water is realized, the problem of insufficient water resources is solved, meanwhile, the pH value of soil is reduced, the normal growth of vegetation is guaranteed, and the survival rate of the vegetation is improved.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a saline-alkali soil improvement method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, turning the ground, loosening the soil, arranging the terrain, excavating a foundation pit, and detecting planting soil to obtain original data of a planting soil layer; step 2, burying a sprinkling irrigation pipe group in the foundation pit, and compacting and backfilling; step 3, burying a blind pipe group above the sprinkling irrigation pipe group, and compacting and backfilling; step 4, sequentially installing the non-woven fabric layer and the reticular water seepage plate; and 5, paving a ceramsite gravel layer with a preset thickness above the reticular water seepage plate, backfilling planting soil to form a planting soil layer with a certain thickness after paving, and timely planting vegetation in the planting soil layer.
Further, in the saline-alkali soil improvement method, in the step 2, a timing water supplementing device and a valve are arranged on a main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
Building a saline-alkali water treatment unit, and adding a proper amount of acid fertilizer and organic matters into a reaction tank in the saline-alkali water treatment unit to reduce the pH value of saline-alkali water.
Further, in the method for improving saline-alkali soil, in the step 4, when the non-woven fabric layer is installed, the fabric surface needs to be flat, and a deformation allowance is properly reserved.
Further, the saline-alkali soil improvement method further comprises the following step 6: and (2) regularly starting the sprinkling irrigation pipe set to ensure that water supplied in the sprinkling irrigation pipe set seeps through the ground, sequentially passes through the planting soil layer, the ceramsite gravel layer and the reticular water seepage plate, and is converged into the saline-alkali water treatment unit through the blind pipe set, and under the condition that the pH value of the water converged in the blind pipe set exceeds a preset value, a proper amount of acid fertilizer and organic matters are added into a reaction tank in the saline-alkali water treatment unit to reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali water and ensure the content of nutrient elements in the water.
According to the saline-alkali soil improvement method provided by the invention, the sprinkling irrigation pipe set is used for replenishing water, and the blind pipe set is used for returning water, so that the water is recycled, and the defects of drought and insufficient water resources in northwest regions are effectively overcome; by arranging the saline-alkaline water treatment unit, neutralizing the acidic fertilizer and the alkaline water and adding organic matters, the saline-alkaline property of the soil is reduced, enough fertilizer is provided, and the normal growth of plants is ensured; the pH value of soil in a planting soil layer is reduced through a salt isolating and discharging layer; the company is simple, and each layer is arranged in sequence, so that the labor and mechanical investment is reduced, and the survival rate of vegetation is greatly improved.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a soil improvement layer in a saline-alkali soil improvement system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a soil improvement layer in the saline-alkali soil improvement system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a settling tank and a reaction tank in the saline-alkali soil reclamation system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a settling tank and a reaction tank in the saline-alkali soil improvement system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the installation of a sprinkling irrigation pipeline in the saline-alkali soil improvement system provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the saline-alkali soil improving system according to the embodiment of the present invention includes: the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 comprises a sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1, a blind pipe group 2, a salt separation and discharge layer, a planting soil layer 6 and a vegetation layer 7 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1 and the blind pipe group 2 are vertically arranged, the sprinkling branch pipes 11 in the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the branch blind pipes 21 in the blind pipe group 2 are arranged in parallel at intervals; the inlet of the saline-alkali soil processing unit is communicated with the main blind pipe 22 in the blind pipe group 2 and is used for neutralizing the water with higher salinity and alkalinity discharged from the main blind pipe 22; the outlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment unit is communicated with the inlet of a main sprinkling irrigation pipe 12 of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1, and is used for conveying neutralized water to each branch sprinkling irrigation pipe 11 so as to supply water to the vegetation layer 7; the salt separating and discharging layer is arranged between the planting soil layer 6 and the blind pipe group 2 and used for discharging water with higher salt alkalinity in the planting soil layer 6 into the blind pipe so as to reduce the pH value of the planting soil layer 6.
Particularly, a main sprinkling irrigation pipe 12 and a branch sprinkling irrigation pipe 11 in the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1 are made of Polyethylene (PE) pipes, and the pressure bearing capacity is not less than 1.0 MPa. The pipe diameter of the main sprinkler pipe 12 in the sprinkler irrigation pipe group 1 is larger than the pipe diameter of each branch sprinkler pipe 11, for example, the pipe diameter of the main sprinkler pipe 12 is 75mm, and the pipe diameter of the branch sprinkler pipe 11 is 25 mm. Wherein, each sprinkling irrigation branch pipe 11 is arranged at equal intervals, for example, the interval between two adjacent sprinkling irrigation branch pipes 11 is 6 m.
Referring to fig. 5, the inlet of each branch sprinkler 11 is connected to the main sprinkler pipe 12, and each branch sprinkler 11 is connected to the main sprinkler pipe 12 by hot melting. In this embodiment, each of the branch sprinkling irrigation pipes 11 is inclined toward the main sprinkling irrigation pipe 12 at a gradient of 0.1% to ensure smooth output of water from each branch sprinkling irrigation pipe 11. In practice, each of the spray irrigation laterals 11 is fixed in the planting soil 6 by a concrete ballast 112.
The outlet of each sprinkling branch pipe 11 is provided with a spray head 111, that is, the part of each sprinkling branch pipe 11 extending out of the vegetation layer 7 is provided with the spray head 111, and the spray head 111 can be a rocker arm type spray head.
The nozzles 111 may be arranged in a rectangle, for example, the distance between the nozzles may be 6 meters by 6 meters, and the positions of the pipelines and the nozzles may be adjusted according to actual conditions.
Referring to fig. 2 again, in this embodiment, a timing water replenishing device is disposed on the main sprinkling pipe 12 of the sprinkling pipe group 1 so as to regularly supply water to the vegetation layer 7.
The blind pipe group 2 can be made of high-density polyethylene material, and the diameters of the branch blind pipe 21 and the main blind pipe 22 can be 75 mm. The branch blind pipes 21 are perpendicular to the spray irrigation branch pipes 11, and the branch blind pipes 21 are arranged at equal intervals, for example, the interval between the branch blind pipes 21 can be 1.5 m.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the salt-separating and salt-discharging layer includes: the non-woven fabric layer 3, the reticular water seepage plate 4 and the ceramsite gravel layer 5 are sequentially arranged from the blind pipe group 2 to the planting soil layer 6.
Specifically, the size of the ceramsite and the crushed stone in the ceramsite crushed stone layer 5 can be 3-5 cm. The thickness of the ceramsite crushed stone layer 5 can be 10-25cm, preferably 20 cm. By paving the ceramsite gravel layer 5, the reticular water seepage plate 4 and the non-woven fabric layer 3, salt can be effectively isolated and discharged, and the pH value of the soil is reduced.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 includes: a primary sedimentation tank 81, a secondary sedimentation tank 82, a tertiary sedimentation tank 83 and a reaction tank 84 which are communicated in sequence from upstream to downstream; wherein, a grate 811 is arranged at the inlet of the primary sedimentation tank 81 and is used for primarily filtering the water discharged from the main blind pipe 22; and a water suction pump 9 is arranged in the reaction tank and used for conveying the water subjected to neutralization treatment to the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1.
Particularly, the high water of salinity and alkalinity that flows out from main road blind pipe 22 passes through the grate and gets into one-level sedimentation tank in proper order, in second grade sedimentation tank and the tertiary sedimentation tank, filter the great rubbish of granule and impurity, converge in the reaction tank after tertiary precipitation, through replenishing acid fertilizer in to the reaction tank and reducing the pH value of saltand alkaline water, and to adding suitable organic matter in the reaction tank, increase aquatic nutrient element's content, spray saline and alkaline water that will handle through sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes 1 and spray to the vegetation on, again through ground infiltration to planting soil layer 6 in, be favorable to reducing the pH value of soil, change soil structure, can guarantee the nutrition balance of vegetation, promote root system development.
The aforesaid obviously can reach, the saline and alkaline land improvement system that provides in this embodiment, carry out the moisturizing to the tegument through sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes, the rivers are through separating salt row salt layer, the blind pipe nest of tubes and converging in the saltwater alkaline water processing unit, through saline and alkaline water processing unit's processing, make the pH value of saltwater reduce, the rethread sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes sprays the water after handling to the tegument, the circulation of saltwater alkaline water is recycled has been realized, the problem of insufficient water resource has been alleviated, and simultaneously, the pH value of soil has obtained the reduction, the normal growth of vegetation has been guaranteed, the survival rate of vegetation has been improved.
The invention also provides a saline-alkali soil improvement method, which comprises the following steps:
and step S1, digging a foundation pit by turning the ground, loosening the soil, arranging the terrain, and detecting the planting soil to obtain the original data of the planting soil layer 6.
Specifically, the method comprises the steps of arranging terrain, turning over the land, loosening the soil by 100cm, exposing the soil for more than 24 hours, killing part of harmful bacteria in the soil by ultraviolet rays, processing the terrain according to requirements, removing stones and garbage with the diameter of more than 2.5cm, detecting the planting soil to obtain original data of the planting soil layer 6, wherein the original data comprise the total salt content, the air porosity and the organic matter content of the soil, the data can be used as reference data of adding acid fertilizers and organic matters into a reaction tank in a saline-alkali water processing unit 8, and can be actually determined according to the pH of water in the saline-alkali water processing unit 8, the growth condition of vegetation, the garden area size and the like.
And step S2, burying the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1 in the foundation pit, and compacting and backfilling.
Specifically, can confirm the buried depth of sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes 1 according to actual requirement, for example can bury the sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes 1 in the degree of depth is 100 cm's foundation ditch, install the shower nozzle on sprinkling irrigation branch pipe 11, pipeline position and shower nozzle position can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and set up regularly moisturizing device 10 and valve on sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes 1's sprinkling irrigation is responsible for 12 to regularly carry out the moisturizing to vegetation layer 7.
And step S3, burying a blind pipe group 2 above the sprinkling irrigation pipe group 1, compacting and backfilling.
Particularly, ensure that blind pipe nest of tubes 2 and sprinkling irrigation nest of tubes 1 set up perpendicularly, the whole topography trend of attention of ann pipe blind pipe nest of tubes should be gone to, directly discharge the big water of basicity to saline and alkaline water processing unit 8 in with the help of the dead weight of water, require the pH of the water after saline and alkaline water processing unit handles to keep at 6.5~8.5, in practice, can regularly detect the pH of the water in the saline and alkaline water processing unit 8, if the pH value that detects is not in this scope, need adjust the pH of water to above-mentioned reasonable within range through adding the pH regulator. The pH adjuster may be selected according to the actual situation, and is not limited herein.
In step S4, the nonwoven fabric layer 3 and the mesh-like water-permeable plate 4 are sequentially attached.
Specifically, when the non-woven fabric layer 3 is installed, the cloth surface is ensured to be flat, the non-woven fabric with the deformation allowance is properly left, the non-woven fabric is pressed and attached tightly to the laying surface, and the mesh-shaped water seepage plate 4 is installed in time after the non-woven fabric is installed.
Step S5, paving a ceramsite gravel layer 5 with a preset thickness above the reticular water-seepage plate 4, backfilling planting soil to form a planting soil layer 6 with a certain thickness after paving, and planting vegetation in the planting soil layer 6 in time.
Specifically, 10-25cm of ceramsite gravel is laid on the net-shaped water-permeable plate 4 to serve as a covering layer, the ceramsite gravel layer 5 can weaken the influence of upward return of saline-alkali on plants, and the size of the ceramsite and the gravel is preferably 3-5 cm. And backfilling the planting soil by 50-60cm, and timely planting the ground cover and the turf to form a vegetation layer 7.
In this embodiment, the method may further include: the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 is built, and the capacity of the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 can be determined according to actual conditions. The masonry of the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 may be performed before step S1, or the masonry of the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 may be performed between step S1 and step S5, or after step S5.
Further, the method also includes step S6: and (2) periodically starting the sprinkling irrigation pipe set to ensure that water supplied in the sprinkling irrigation pipe set seeps through the ground, sequentially passes through the planting soil layer, the ceramsite gravel layer and the net-shaped water seepage plate, and is converged into the saline-alkali water treatment unit through the blind pipe set, and under the condition that the pH value of the water converged in the blind pipe set exceeds a preset value, adding a proper amount of acid fertilizer into a reaction tank in the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 to reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali water.
Specifically, the pH of the water treated in the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 is preferably maintained at 6.5 to 8.5, and thus, the preset value is 6.5 to 8.5. The spray head on the spray irrigation pipe group 1 is periodically opened through a timing water supplementing device, so that spray irrigation water supplement permeates through the ground, sequentially passes through a planting soil layer 6, a ceramsite gravel layer 5 and a reticular water permeating plate 4, reaches the blind pipe group 2, converges into the saline-alkali water treatment unit 8 through each branch blind pipe 21, the pH of alkaline water entering the reaction tank 84 is prevented from being too high through neutralization with acid fertilizer, is maintained at 6.5-8.5, is pumped out through a water pump and is connected with the spray irrigation main pipe 12, and the vegetable layer 7 is supplemented with water through the spray irrigation pipe group again, so that the water recycling is realized; since the pH of the water may rise again during the recycling of the make-up water, an acidic fertilizer may be added to the saline-alkali water treatment unit.
Furthermore, in order to ensure the healthy growth of the vegetation, a proper amount of organic matters can be added into the saline-alkali water treatment unit according to the actual situation so as to ensure the content of nutrient elements in the water.
In practice, in the process of adjusting the pH value of water, the content of nutrient elements in the water can be reduced, so that the nutrient content of soil is reduced, a proper amount of organic matters can be added, in the process of replenishing water to a vegetation layer by a sprinkling irrigation pipe group, the nutrient elements formed by decomposing the organic matters by microorganisms can be quickly and durably provided for soil nutrients, the pH value of the soil is reduced by producing acid, degrading or converting metal ions in the soil, the soil structure is changed, the balance of plant nutrition is ensured, the root development is promoted, and the survival rate of vegetation is improved.
The method embodiments and the system embodiments have been described with reference to related parts, and are not described herein again.
In conclusion, the saline-alkali soil improvement method provided by the invention realizes water recycling by arranging the sprinkling irrigation pipe set for replenishing water and arranging the blind pipe set for returning water, and effectively overcomes the defects of drought and insufficient water resources in northwest regions; by arranging the saline-alkaline water treatment unit, neutralizing the acidic fertilizer and the alkaline water and adding organic matters, the saline-alkaline property of the soil is reduced, enough fertilizer is provided, and the normal growth of plants is ensured; the pH value of soil in a planting soil layer is reduced through a salt isolating and discharging layer; the company is simple, and each layer is arranged in sequence, so that the labor and mechanical investment is reduced, and the survival rate of vegetation is greatly improved.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A saline-alkali soil improvement system, comprising: the saline-alkali water treatment unit comprises a spray irrigation pipe group, a blind pipe group, a salt isolating and discharging layer, a planting soil layer and a vegetation layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the sprinkling irrigation pipe group is perpendicular to the blind pipe group, the sprinkling branch pipes in the sprinkling irrigation pipe group are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the branch blind pipes in the blind pipe group are arranged in parallel at intervals;
the inlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with a main path blind pipe in the blind pipe group and is used for neutralizing the water with higher salinity and alkalinity discharged from the main path blind pipe;
the outlet of the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is communicated with the inlet of the main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group, and the saline-alkali soil treatment pool is used for conveying neutralized water to each sprinkling irrigation branch pipe so as to supply water to the vegetable layer;
the salt separating and discharging layer is arranged between the planting soil layer and the blind pipe group and used for discharging water with higher salt alkalinity in the planting soil layer into the blind pipe so as to reduce the pH value of the planting soil layer.
2. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 1, wherein the saline-alkali water treatment unit comprises: the first-stage sedimentation tank, the second-stage sedimentation tank, the third-stage sedimentation tank and the reaction tank are sequentially communicated from upstream to downstream; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a grate is arranged at an inlet of the primary sedimentation tank and is used for primarily filtering water discharged by the main path blind pipe;
and a water suction pump is arranged in the reaction tank and used for conveying the water subjected to neutralization treatment to the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
3. The saline-alkali soil improvement system according to claim 2, wherein a timing water replenishing device is arranged on a main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein each of said branch irrigation pipes is sloped toward said main irrigation pipe at a slope of 0.1%.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein each of said spray irrigation laterals is secured in said planting bed by concrete piers.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the salt separating and discharging layer comprises: the non-woven fabric layer, the reticular water seepage plate and the ceramsite gravel layer are sequentially arranged from the blind pipe group to the planting soil layer.
7. A saline-alkali soil improvement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, turning the ground, loosening the soil, arranging the terrain, excavating a foundation pit, and detecting planting soil to obtain original data of a planting soil layer;
step 2, burying a sprinkling irrigation pipe group in the foundation pit, and compacting and backfilling;
step 3, burying a blind pipe group above the sprinkling irrigation pipe group, and compacting and backfilling;
step 4, sequentially installing the non-woven fabric layer and the reticular water seepage plate;
and 5, paving a ceramsite gravel layer with a preset thickness above the reticular water seepage plate, backfilling planting soil to form a planting soil layer with a certain thickness after paving, and timely planting vegetation in the planting soil layer.
8. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein in the step 2, a timing water replenishing device and a valve are arranged on a main sprinkling irrigation pipe of the sprinkling irrigation pipe group.
9. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein in the step 4, when the non-woven fabric layer is installed, the fabric surface is ensured to be flat, and a proper deformation allowance is left.
10. The method for improving saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, further comprising the step 6: and (2) periodically starting the sprinkling irrigation pipe set to ensure that water supplied in the sprinkling irrigation pipe set seeps through the ground, sequentially passes through the planting soil layer, the ceramsite gravel layer and the net-shaped water seepage plate, and is converged into the saline-alkali water treatment unit through the blind pipe set, and under the condition that the pH value of the water converged in the blind pipe set exceeds a preset value, adding a proper amount of acid fertilizer into a reaction tank in the saline-alkali water treatment unit to reduce the pH value of the saline-alkali water.
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