CN112350480A - High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112350480A CN112350480A CN202011464819.5A CN202011464819A CN112350480A CN 112350480 A CN112350480 A CN 112350480A CN 202011464819 A CN202011464819 A CN 202011464819A CN 112350480 A CN112350480 A CN 112350480A
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Linear Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises a stator, an armature winding, a rotor sheath, a rotor permanent magnet and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor permanent magnet is a partitioned Halbach array, and the Halbach array adopts a structure that each Halbach array is larger than or equal to two; the rotor sheath is made of non-magnetic material. By adopting the motor structure, the efficiency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor can be improved, the torque pulsation is reduced, the Halbach array is used for adjusting the air gap flux density and reducing the magnetic leakage of the yoke part of the rotor, so that the surface loss of an iron core and the eddy current loss of a permanent magnet are smaller, the rotor sheath is made of a non-magnetic material, the sine shape of the air gap flux density is further improved, and the aim of improving the motor efficiency is fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a motor, in particular to a Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor, which has a novel rotor structure and high efficiency and high power density.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density, torque density, wide speed regulation range and the like, and is widely applied to the industrial field, in particular to the electric automobile and rail transit industry. Because the permanent magnet synchronous motor has higher requirements on power factors, torque pulsation and efficiency, the air gap magnetic flux density and back electromotive force are important considerations when the motor is designed and developed.
The Halbach array is composed of permanent magnets in different directions, the simpler structure is only composed of a radial structure and a tangential structure, the radial magnet and the tangential magnet respectively generate magnetic fields, and the spatial magnetic field is the result of the synthesis of the magnetic fields. Since the Halbach array structure has the excellent characteristics of single-side magnetic field sine, magnetic self-shielding and the like, the characteristic is obviously favorable for the design of the permanent magnet motor.
In the existing research, double-layer Halbach is adopted to enhance the electromagnetic performance of a Halbach permanent magnet synchronous motor, improve the amplitude of a gap flux density fundamental wave and improve the sine of a gap magnetic field, but the utilization rate of a permanent magnet is reduced. Through parameter optimization of a block type interpolar partition Halbach magnetic steel permanent magnet synchronous motor, a good air gap flux density waveform is obtained, but machining is complex due to continuous 3-section magnetizing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to further improve the efficiency of a permanent magnet synchronous motor and reduce torque pulsation, and designs a Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor which is simple in processing technology and convenient to assemble.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A high-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator, an armature winding, a rotor sheath, a rotor permanent magnet and a rotating shaft; the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that an air gap exists between a stator and a rotor sheath, the rotor is positioned in the stator and fixed on the rotating shaft, the rotor permanent magnet is arranged on the rotor and positioned between the rotor and the rotor sheath, and the armature winding is arranged on the stator; the rotor permanent magnet is a segmented Halbach array, and the Halbach array adopts a structure that each Halbach array is larger than or equal to two; the rotor sheath is made of non-magnetic materials.
The rotor permanent magnet consists of a single-layer Halbach array and auxiliary magnetic steel, the Halbach array consists of two adjacent pieces of magnetic steel with the magnetizing angle difference of 90 degrees, the auxiliary magnetic steel consists of radial magnetized magnetic steel, and the auxiliary magnetic steel and the Halbach magnetic steel rotate at the same angular speed.
The center line of the Halbach array magnetic steel in the rotor permanent magnet coincides with the center line of the auxiliary magnetic steel, and the included angle of the two center lines is 0.
By adopting the technical scheme, the beneficial effects are as follows: increase the auxiliary magnetic pole on Halbach array's basis, at the embedded magnet steel of rotor, increase radial magnetic force line, guide more magnetic force lines and get into Halbach array, reduce the magnetic leakage of rotor yoke portion, change the sine degree of radial magnetic flux density fundamental wave amplitude and wave form, make air gap magnetic field magnetic flux wave form more towards the sine nature, the fundamental wave amplitude is bigger, harmonic distortion rate is littleer, effective air gap length diminishes, torque ripple is littleer, iron core surface loss and permanent magnet eddy current loss are littleer, motor efficiency has obtained the improvement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a high efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the rotor permanent magnet in fig. 1 adopting a Halbach array.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional Halbach structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a rotor permanent magnet adopting Halbach array magnetic force lines.
In the figure, 1-stator, 2-armature winding, 3-rotor, 4-rotor sheath, 5-rotor permanent magnet, 6-rotating shaft, 7-Halbach array magnetic steel, 8-auxiliary magnetic steel, 9-arc angle of two Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic steels in each pole, and 10-magnetizing angle of two adjacent magnetic steels.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the detailed description is provided for purposes of illustration and explanation and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor of the present invention includes a stator, an armature winding, a rotor sheath, a rotor permanent magnet, and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor permanent magnet is a partitioned Halbach array, and an air gap is left between a stator core and the rotor sheath. The permanent magnet of the Halbach motor is fixed by a sticking or binding method like a common permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that the Halbach motor also has the problem of reliability, and a sheath is also required to reinforce the Halbach motor so as to meet the requirement of high-speed operation. The sheath can be divided into two types of magnetic conduction and non-magnetic conduction, and when the sheath that the rotor plus is the non-magnetic conduction material, the thickness that is equivalent to the motor air gap has increased a section of thick bamboo wall, can make the distribution of magnetic field more tend to the sine.
The rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft and can rotate in the stator along with the rotating shaft. The Halbach permanent magnet array is arranged on the rotor and is positioned between the rotor and the rotor sheath. When the rotor rotates in the stator, the Halbach permanent magnet array can be driven to rotate in the stator, and the auxiliary magnetic steel and the Halbach magnetic steel have the same angular speed.
Figure 4 is a Halbach magnetic field diagram of the present invention reducing magnetic flux leakage at the yoke of the rotor. The Halbach permanent magnet array is a surface-mounted permanent magnet arrangement structure formed by arranging radial and tangential magnetization according to a certain sequence. The auxiliary magnetic steel is composed of radial magnetized magnetic steel, a gas gap main magnetic field is formed by a Halbach array magnetic field and a synthetic magnetic field of the auxiliary magnetic steel magnetic field, the center line of the Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic steel is superposed with the center line of the auxiliary magnetic steel, namely the included angle of the two center lines is 0, the mechanical angle of each magnetic steel of each pole in the Halbach permanent magnet array is variable, for the Halbach permanent magnet array of each pole, the included angle of each magnetic steel is alpha = pi/2 p, wherein the magnetized included angle gamma = pi (p-1)/2p of two adjacent magnetic steels is p is the pole logarithm.
For comparison, an example motor is given. The motor of the example is a 12-pole 27-slot structure and has a rated rotating speed of 650 r/min. The main structural parameters of the motor in the embodiment are as follows: the outer diameter of the stator is 248mm, the inner diameter is 121.6mm, the outer diameter of the rotor is 120mm, the length of the iron core is 55mm, and the thickness of the permanent magnet is 5 mm. The thicknesses of Halbach magnetic steel and auxiliary magnetic steel in the Halbach array are both 5mm, the mechanical angle of the auxiliary magnetic steel is 1/2 of the Halbach magnetic steel, the thickness of the magnetic steel of the traditional Halbach array is 7.3mm under the same permanent magnet consumption, and other parameters of the two motors are the same. And (5) analyzing the back electromotive force, the cogging torque and the output torque of the motor through Maxwell. The air gap magnetic flux density waveforms can be basically consistent, wherein the distortion rate of the traditional Halbach array is 25.8%, the harmonic distortion rate is very large, and torque ripples, eddy current loss of a permanent magnet and surface loss of a rotor are caused, while the distortion rate of the Halbach array is 20.5%, the harmonic distortion rate is greatly reduced, and torque pulsation is reduced; compared with no-load back electromotive force of two motors, the back electromotive force root mean square of the Halbach array is 42.82V, while the back electromotive force root mean square of the traditional Halbach array with the same magnetic quantity is 38.35V, the back electromotive force of the Halbach array is 11.6% larger than that of the traditional Halbach array, the back electromotive force fundamental wave amplitude of the Halbach array is increased compared with that of the traditional Halbach array, the harmonic distortion rate is reduced, and the amplitude of the cogging torque is further reduced; under rated current, the output torque of the Halbach is increased by 13.7 percent compared with the traditional Halbach, and the minimum output torque pulsation is only 0.5 percent. By combining the data, compared with the traditional Halbach, the Halbach array provided by the invention has the advantages that the air gap magnetic field flux density waveform is more sinusoidal, the fundamental wave amplitude is larger, the harmonic distortion rate is smaller, the iron core surface loss and the permanent magnet eddy current loss are smaller, and the motor efficiency is improved.
Claims (5)
1. A high-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises a stator (1), an armature winding (2), a rotor (3), a rotor sheath (4), a rotor permanent magnet (5) and a rotating shaft (6); the permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized in that an air gap exists between a stator (1) and a rotor sheath (4), the rotor (3) is positioned in the stator (1) and fixed on the rotating shaft (6), the rotor permanent magnet (5) is arranged on the rotor (3) and positioned between the rotor (3) and the rotor sheath (4), and the armature winding (2) is arranged on the stator (1); the rotor permanent magnet (5) is a segmented Halbach array, and each Halbach array adopts a structure of which the number is more than or equal to two; the rotor sheath (4) is made of a non-magnetic material.
2. A high efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotor permanent magnet (5) is formed by stacking a single-layer Halbach permanent magnet array and auxiliary magnetic steel, and each pole of the rotor permanent magnet is provided with three permanent magnets.
3. A high efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the rotor permanent magnet (5), the Halbach permanent magnet array adopts parallel magnetization, each pole has two magnetic steels, and the magnetizing angles of two adjacent magnetic steels are different by 90 degrees.
4. A high efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the auxiliary magnetic steel is composed of radial magnetized magnetic steel, and the auxiliary magnetic steel and the Halbach magnetic steel rotate at the same angular speed.
5. A high efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the rotor permanent magnet (5), the center line of the Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic steel is superposed with the center line of the auxiliary magnetic steel, and the included angle of the two center lines is 0.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011464819.5A CN112350480A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011464819.5A CN112350480A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112350480A true CN112350480A (en) | 2021-02-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011464819.5A Pending CN112350480A (en) | 2020-12-14 | 2020-12-14 | High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115242008A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-10-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Driver and electric propulsion unit based on polygon closely spreads Halbach external rotor magnetic pole configuration |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101707405A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Halbach array external rotor of composite-structure permanent magnet motor |
| CN101834476A (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2010-09-15 | 陆美娟 | Permanent magnet generator inner rotor using Halback magnetic array |
| CN101969261A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-power density permanent magnet motor |
| CN102710043A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 黑龙江大学 | Permanent magnet motor rotor with excitation circuit variable reluctance and leakage flux path function |
| CN203617868U (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏大学 | Open slot straight tooth permanent magnet motor with high slot full rate and high performance |
| CN104052221A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-17 | 江苏大学 | Halbach permanent magnetic fault-tolerant motor made from mixed magnetic materials |
| CN203984204U (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏大学 | A kind of magnetic material Halbach fault tolerant permanent magnet machine that mixes |
| CN105790468A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rotor of high-speed Halbach-type permanent magnet motor |
| CN106712338A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor with high flux weakening property |
| CN108282065A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-13 | 西北工业大学 | High efficiency, high power density Halbach array brshless DC motor |
| CN109378916A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of auxiliary permanent magnet alternating pole spoke type rotor structure for permanent magnet motor |
| CN213602464U (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
-
2020
- 2020-12-14 CN CN202011464819.5A patent/CN112350480A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101707405A (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2010-05-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Halbach array external rotor of composite-structure permanent magnet motor |
| CN101834476A (en) * | 2010-01-05 | 2010-09-15 | 陆美娟 | Permanent magnet generator inner rotor using Halback magnetic array |
| CN101969261A (en) * | 2010-10-22 | 2011-02-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-power density permanent magnet motor |
| CN102710043A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 黑龙江大学 | Permanent magnet motor rotor with excitation circuit variable reluctance and leakage flux path function |
| CN203617868U (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏大学 | Open slot straight tooth permanent magnet motor with high slot full rate and high performance |
| CN104052221A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-09-17 | 江苏大学 | Halbach permanent magnetic fault-tolerant motor made from mixed magnetic materials |
| CN203984204U (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2014-12-03 | 江苏大学 | A kind of magnetic material Halbach fault tolerant permanent magnet machine that mixes |
| CN105790468A (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2016-07-20 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Rotor of high-speed Halbach-type permanent magnet motor |
| CN106712338A (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-05-24 | 河海大学 | Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor with high flux weakening property |
| CN108282065A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-07-13 | 西北工业大学 | High efficiency, high power density Halbach array brshless DC motor |
| CN109378916A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-02-22 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of auxiliary permanent magnet alternating pole spoke type rotor structure for permanent magnet motor |
| CN213602464U (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-07-02 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | High-efficiency Halbach array permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115242008A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-10-25 | 北京航空航天大学 | Driver and electric propulsion unit based on polygon closely spreads Halbach external rotor magnetic pole configuration |
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