CN110022043A - A kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding and its low pulse design method - Google Patents
A kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding and its low pulse design method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
- H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
- H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/025—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the thickness of the air gap between field and armature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding and its low pulse design methods, virtual pole structure is added in the outer of spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor, designs by asymmetric, the offset pole to virtual pole and can get the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of low pulse.Wherein, the suppressing method of torque pulsation can be divided into the following steps: the principle generated first from torque pulsation determines the rotor mmf harmonic order for influencing torque pulsation；Secondly, the relationship directly proportional according to rotor airgap flux density and rotor mmf, determines the harmonic order for influencing the rotor airgap flux density of torque pulsation；Then, by the derivation of Fourier's expression formula to rotor airgap flux density in the virtual poles pole embrace such as not, and then the formula between not equal pole embraces angle difference and given torque pulsation major harmonic order is obtained；Finally, eliminating 2 torque pulsations by not equal pole embraces, 1 torque pulsation is eliminated using magnetic pole misalignment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the design of spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor, especially reduction spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor torques
The method of pulsation belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing.
Background technique
Nowadays permanent magnet synchronous motor, which has been obtained, is widely applied, the various fields from automobile to aerospace, forever
Magnetic-synchro motor all plays highly important role.This mainly has benefited from several distinguishing features of permanent magnet synchronous motor, including
High torque density, high efficiency and bulking value are small etc..Permanent magnet synchronous motor use high energy product magnetic material instead of
Traditional excitation winding not only eliminates the negative effect of excitation winding bring, and simplifies the mechanical structure of motor, makes electricity
Machine operational reliability improves, and mechanical loss also reduces accordingly.
Permanent magnet synchronous motor, the especially rare earth permanent-magnet synchronization motor of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnetic excitation have simple structure, operation
Reliably, small in size, light weight, loss less, the remarkable advantages such as high-efficient.As a kind of strategic resource, in recent years, as rare earth provides
The continuous exploitation in source and the implementation of related protective policy, rare earth price rises steadily on international market, this is undoubtedly to rare earth permanent magnet
Further extensive use of the synchronous motor in fields such as industry, national defence causes tremendous influence.It is same in order to reduce rare earth permanent magnet
The dosage for walking rare earth permanent-magnetic material in motor starts to be dedicated to few rare-earth permanent-magnetic synchronous electricity in the more and more scholars of sphere of learning
Machine.Therefore, how to guarantee the high power density of motor while reducing rare earth permanent-magnetic material dosage and how to improve motor
Torque performance become motor research hot spot.And the spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of cutting orientation magnetizing, rotor structure have poly-
Magnetic effect advantageously reduces the cost of motor.Therefore, in recent years, research spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor becomes hot spot.Spoke type
Permanent magnet synchronous motor can greatly improve permanent magnet utilization rate, therefore they can reduce the material cost of motor.But due to
Spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor air gap harmonic wave is abundant, can bring very high torque pulsation, limit it and further apply.
Currently, can be used for reducing spoke type permanent magnetism due to the rotor permanent magnet special construction of spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor
The technology of synchronous electric machine torque pulsation is very limited, and studies less.For spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor torque pulsation
Inhibit, both at home and abroad generally with the following method, such as the methods of skewed slot, optimization winding, multi-objective optimization design of power.These methods are universal
A disadvantage, process is very complicated, time-consuming, and reduce motor torque ripple principle it is unintelligible.
Summary of the invention
The high complexity of the shortcomings that for the pulsation of existing spoke motor high torque (HT) and existing method for suppressing torque ripple, this hair
It is bright to first proposed a kind of novel spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor with virtual pole, due to using virtual pole structure, so that all
Pole embraces and magnetic pole misalignment is not waited to become possibility to using.Based on this, from the formation mechenism of torque pulsation, fastly
Speed, easily obtain virtual extremely asymmetric angle and deviation angle come while be torque pulsation inhibited in 1 time and 2 times pulsation.
To reach technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding, the motor include stator, embedded in stator slot
In five phases single layer integer slot Distributed Winding and spoke type rotor with virtual pole；The span of every phase winding is one
Pole span；Virtual pole is added in the outer of spoke type rotor, so that each rotor unit forms convex；It is equipped in the outer of virtual pole
Magnetic conduction item；Adjacent virtual pole is designed to asymmetric, and the pole embrace of adjacent virtual pole is unequal at this time；Each group adjacent non-right
Virtual pole is claimed to be regarded as a repetitive unit, repetitive unit spacing bias θ mechanical angle.
Further, further include permanent magnet that the polarity being built on rotor is reversed.
A kind of method and technology scheme of the invention are as follows: the low arteries and veins of the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding
Dynamic design method, specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, the pole slot proportion of target motor is analyzed, according to the relationship of rotor number of poles and number of stator slots, is calculated
Number period of waves of one electric period internal torque pulsation, determines its total ripple trend；
Step 2, the principle generated from torque pulsation determines the rotor for influencing five-phase PMSM torque pulsation
Mmf harmonics order, then the relationship directly proportional according to rotor airgap flux density and rotor mmf, determines influence torque pulsation
Rotor airgap flux density harmonic order；
Step 3, the derivation of Fourier's expression formula to rotor airgap flux density in not equal magnetic poles pole embrace, and then derive
Not equal pole embraces angle difference is to the formula for weakening given torque pulsation order out；
Step 4, in order to weaken 2 major harmonics in torque pulsation, adjacent virtual interpolar pole embrace difference is calculated
Angle, θ2, asymmetric design is carried out to selected virtual pole；
Step 5, in order to weaken 1 major harmonic in torque pulsation, the precise angle θ of magnetic pole misalignment is calculated1, to selected
Virtual pole carry out magnetic pole misalignment.
Number calculation formula period of waves of torque pulsation in the step 1 are as follows:
Wherein, TpulIndicate that number period of waves of an electric period internal torque pulsation, S indicate the slot number of motor, p indicates electricity
The number of pole-pairs of machine, N2psIndicate the least common multiple N of number of slots and number of poles2ps=LCM (S, 2p).
The calculation formula of the torque pulsation of five-phase PMSM in the step 2 are as follows:
Wherein, TavgIndicate output torque average value, wherein μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air, g is gas length, rgIt is intermediate gas
The radius of gap, L are stack of laminations length, γdIt is expressed as electric current angle, h is harmonic order, FshAnd FrhRespectively h rank stator and turn
Sub- magnetomotive force.So the stator-rotator magnetic kinetic potential harmonic order of torque pulsation can be generated are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,3 ..., then
Influence the harmonic order of the rotor airgap flux density of torque pulsation are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,3 ....
Magnetic poles pole embrace B is not being waited in the step 3rWhen Fourier's expression formula are as follows:
The amplitude B of rotor airgap flux density nth harmonicrnExpression formula are as follows:
Wherein, αp1It is the pole embrace of the pole N, αp2It is the pole embrace of the pole S, Br1It is the extremely provided magnetic flux density of N；
Further, BrnIt may be expressed as:
Wherein,
Further, A1And A2It is positive number, ifWithOpposite in phase, then BrnAmplitude can be less than A1With
A2Any one of.IfThen their opposite in phase；
If above formula is equal to 0, there are two types of selections；
The first:
Wherein, m is the major harmonic number of torque pulsation；
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, this
When virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the sum of the virtual pole pole embrace of m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The first situation, it is too small as reducing the sum of virtual pole pole embrace corresponding to torque pulsation major harmonic,
It is too small to will lead to output torque average value, so first method is infeasible；
Second:
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, this
When virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the difference of the virtual pole pole embrace of the m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The difference of second situation, the virtual pole pole embrace as corresponding to reduction torque pulsation major harmonic is smaller,
For pole embrace selection than advantageous, institute it is feasible in a second approach.
Not equal pole embraces in the step 4 weaken the accurate of the pole embrace difference of 2 subharmonic in torque pulsation
Angle, θ2Are as follows:
Magnetic pole misalignment formula in the step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, θnIndicate the angle for needing virtual pole to deviate when eliminating nth harmonic in torque pulsation；As n=1, magnetic
Pole deviates θ11 major harmonic in torque pulsation can be eliminated, so the magnetic pole for weakening 1 major harmonic in torque pulsation is inclined
Move angle
The beneficial effect that the present invention uses is:
1. the plasticity of rotor structure has obtained greatly mentioning because being additionally arranged virtual pole on the rotor of radial magneto
It rises.Traditional method for suppressing torque ripple, such as asymmetric, magnetic pole misalignment, magnetic pole correction of the flank shape can obtain in designed motor
To effective application, radial magneto has been widened in the application power of low pulse occasion.
2. by the way that the pole embrace of adjacent virtual pole is designed to asymmetric and offset pole structure, to cogging torque and permanent magnetism
Torque pulsation, reluctance torque pulsation have been respectively formed effectively mutually inhibition.It can by carrying out asymmetric design to adjacent virtual pole
To reduce by 2 major harmonics in torque pulsation, further, 1 in torque pulsation can be reduced by using the offset of virtual pole
Secondary major harmonic.To effectively inhibit motor torque ripple.
3. the present invention clearly give asymmetry angle, offset and slot number cooperation and torque pulsation order between relationship,
Designer can be made quickly to obtain the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure of low pulse.
4. the motor proposed increases only virtual pole, and structural complexity does not mention compared with the radial magneto of tradition
It rises；The material that virtual pole uses for silicon steel sheet rather than permanent magnet, will not excessively increase design of electrical motor cost；Virtual pole and rotor
It is connected, rotor mechanical robustness is higher.
5. the windmill loss that the magnetic conduction item that the outer of virtual pole is added advantageously reduces motor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that virtual pole rotor, magnetic pole pole embrace be not etc. and the selection schematic diagram of magnetic pole misalignment in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor (original motor) in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor (embodiment motor) in the present invention with virtual pole.
Fig. 4 is the air gap flux density comparison diagram of original motor and embodiment motor in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that the back-emf of original motor and embodiment motor compares figure in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the back-emf frequency analysis figure of original motor and embodiment motor in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that the cogging torque of original motor and embodiment motor compares figure in the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that the output torque of original motor and embodiment motor compares figure in the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the output torque frequency analysis figure of original motor and embodiment motor in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.
The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, for explaining only the invention, and should not be understood as
Limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, traditional five phase spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motors include external stator 1, internal rotor 2, permanent magnet 4；It is described
External stator 1 is including 40 stator slots and is embedded in single layer integer slot Distributed Winding 3 therein；The internal rotor 2 includes 8 rotor iron
Core and 8 permanent magnets 4, the excitation direction of permanent magnet are as shown in the figure.
As shown in Fig. 2, the first step is added virtual pole and formed in the outer of traditional spoke type rotor has turning for virtual pole
Son；The pole embrace of adjacent virtual pole wheel is designed to by second step, forms turning for the not equal pole embraces in virtual pole
Son；Adjacent virtual pole is seen a repetitive unit, keeps the repetitive unit of half motionless by third step, the other half offset θ1Angle
Degree.And then embodiment electric machine structure figure as shown in Figure 3 can be formed.It include external stator 1, internal rotor 2, permanent magnet in the motor
4；The external stator 1 is including 40 stator slots and is embedded in single layer integer slot Distributed Winding 3 therein；It is added on the internal rotor 2
Virtual pole 5 and magnetic conductance item 6 (reduce windmill loss), form 8 convex rotor cores and 8 permanent magnets 4, permanent magnet
Excitation direction is as shown in the figure.
Below by taking five phase spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motors as an example, method and step is as follows.
Step 1, the pole slot proportion of target motor is analyzed, according to the relationship of rotor number of poles and number of stator slots, is calculated
Number period of waves of one electric period internal torque pulsation, determines its total ripple trend.Number period of waves of torque pulsation calculates
Formula are as follows:Number calculated result period of waves of torque pulsation is v=10.Wherein S=40, p=4；N2ps=LCM
(40,8)=40.
Step 2, a kind of novel spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor with virtual pole as shown in Figure 3 is proposed, for using not
Equal pole embraces and magnetic pole misalignment reduce torque pulsation and provide basis；
Step 3, the principle generated according to torque pulsation determines the rotor mmf harmonic order for influencing torque pulsation, so
The relationship directly proportional according to rotor airgap flux density and rotor mmf afterwards determines the humorous of the rotor airgap flux density for influencing torque pulsation
Wave order.The calculation formula of torque pulsation are as follows:
Wherein, TpulIndicate output torque average value, wherein μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air, g is gas length, rgIt is intermediate gas
The radius of gap, L are stack of laminations length, γdIt is expressed as electric current angle, h is harmonic order, FshAnd FrhRespectively h rank stator and turn
Sub- magnetomotive force.So the stator-rotator magnetic kinetic potential harmonic order of torque pulsation can be generated are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,3 ..., then
Influence the harmonic order of the rotor airgap flux density of torque pulsation are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,3 ....
Step 4, firstly, the derivation of Fourier's expression to rotor airgap flux density in the virtual poles pole embrace such as not,
And then derive that not etc. virtual poles pole embrace angle difference is not to the formula for weakening given torque pulsation order.Not equal magnetic poles pole
Arc coefficient BrWhen Fourier's expression formula are as follows:
The amplitude B of rotor airgap flux density nth harmonicrnExpression formula are as follows:
Wherein, αp1It is the pole embrace of the pole N, αp2It is the pole embrace of the pole S, Br1It is the extremely provided magnetic flux density of N；
Further, BrnIt may be expressed as:
Wherein,
Further, A1And A2It is positive number, ifWithOpposite in phase, then BrnAmplitude can be less than A1With
A2Any one of.IfThen their opposite in phase；
If above formula is equal to 0, there are two types of selections；
The first:
Wherein, m is the major harmonic number of torque pulsation；
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, this
When virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the sum of the virtual pole pole embrace of m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The first situation, it is too small as reducing the sum of virtual pole pole embrace corresponding to torque pulsation major harmonic,
It is too small to will lead to output torque average value, so first method is infeasible；
Second:
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, this
When virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the difference of the virtual pole pole embrace of the m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The difference of second situation, the virtual pole pole embrace as corresponding to reduction torque pulsation major harmonic is smaller,
For pole embrace selection than advantageous, institute it is feasible in a second approach.
Not etc. virtual poles pole embrace angle difference is not to the formula for weakening given torque pulsation order are as follows:
Step 5, in order to weaken 2 major harmonics in torque pulsation, the precise angle of the primary not equal pole embraces of calculating:Namely αp1-αp2=0.1 × 45 °=4.5 ° (m=2).
Step 6, in order to weaken 1 major harmonic in torque pulsation, the precise angle θ an of magnetic pole misalignment is calculated1, right
Selected repetitive unit carries out first time magnetic pole misalignment.The target motor includes: table
Mounted, table embedded and IPM synchronous motor.
Fig. 4 is the rotor airgap flux density frequency analysis figure of original motor and embodiment motor in the present invention.It can be seen by Fig. 4
Out, 9,11,19 and 21 subharmonic have obtained very big inhibition in embodiment motor compared with original motor.Due to not equal pole embraces
It uses, 19 times in embodiment motor and 21 subharmonic greatly reduce.Due to the use of magnetic pole misalignment, in embodiment motor 9
Secondary and 11 subharmonic greatly reduce.
Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 respectively indicates the comparison of original motor and embodiment motor in terms of back-emf and its frequency analysis.Fig. 5
For the back-emf comparison diagram of original motor in the present invention and embodiment motor.As shown in figure 5, embodiment winding back emf sine degree phase
It is obviously improved than having in original motor.As shown in fig. 6, motor carries out after not waiting pole embraces and magnetic pole misalignment, it is not only unloaded
The harmonic content of back-emf reduces, and the reduced amplitude of fundamental wave is smaller, this indicates property of the motor in terms of torque pulsation
While capable of being greatly improved, output torque average value only slightly declines.Due to not equal pole embraces and magnetic pole misalignment
It uses, 9,11,19 and 21 times back-emf harmonic wave greatly reduces.
Fig. 7 is that the cogging torque of original motor and embodiment motor compares figure in the present invention.It is as shown in Figure 7 as can be seen that former
The cogging torque amplitude of motor is 1098mNm, and the amplitude of the cogging torque of embodiment motor is only 113mNm.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 reflects the ratio of original motor and embodiment motor in terms of final output torque and its frequency analysis
Compared with.As shown in figure 8, the torque pulsation of embodiment motor is remarkably decreased compared with original motor.As shown in figure 9, with original motor phase
Than 1 and 2 major harmonic (10 of the torque pulsation of embodiment motorthWith 20thHarmonic wave) it significantly reduces.Certainly, due to virtual
Pole, etc. pole embraces and magnetic pole misalignment, the output torque average value of embodiment motor are not declined slightly.
To sum up, the invention discloses a kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motors of integer slot Distributed Winding and low pulse to set
Meter method.In New Virtual pole on the basis of spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor, by select suitable not equal pole embraces and
The angle of magnetic pole misalignment, to reduce torque pulsation main source, the optimization back-emf of motor.It specifically includes: rotor airgap flux density
The derivation of Fourier's expression in not equal magnetic poles pole embrace, magnetic poles pole embrace angle difference and the magnetic pole misalignment angle such as not
To the formula for weakening given torque pulsation order.According to the not equal pole embraces formula derived, by virtual pole intermittent pole
Arc coefficient differs, to eliminate 2 major harmonics of torque pulsation；Then reduce 1 master of torque pulsation using magnetic pole misalignment
Harmonic wave is wanted, to achieve the purpose that reduce whole torque pulsation.This method can be used for different slot number proportions and the different numbers of phases
Motor reduces and derives from torque pulsation caused by different moment components.Meanwhile in the feelings for the torque pulsation for minimizing motor
Under condition, higher permanent magnet utilization rate is kept, realizes optimal effect.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " illustrative examples ",
The description of " example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features described in conjunction with this embodiment or example, knot
Structure, material or feature are included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, to above-mentioned term
Schematic representation may not refer to the same embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the spy of description
Point can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of integer slot Distributed Winding, which is characterized in that the motor includes stator, embedding
The single layer integer slot Distributed Winding of five phases and the spoke type rotor with virtual pole in stator slot；Every phase winding across
Away from for a pole span；Virtual pole is added in the outer of spoke type rotor, so that each rotor unit forms convex；In virtual pole
Outer is equipped with magnetic conduction item；Adjacent virtual pole is designed to asymmetric, and the pole embrace of adjacent virtual pole is unequal at this time；Each group of phase
Adjacent asymmetric virtual pole is regarded as a repetitive unit, repetitive unit spacing bias θ mechanical angle.
2. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 1, feature exist
In further including the permanent magnet that the polarity being built on rotor is reversed.
3. a kind of virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design method of integer slot Distributed Winding, which is characterized in that its
Specific steps are as follows:
Step 1, the pole slot proportion of target motor is analyzed, according to the relationship of rotor number of poles and number of stator slots, calculates one
Number period of waves of electric period internal torque pulsation, determines its total ripple trend；
Step 2, the principle generated from torque pulsation determines that the rotor magnetic for influencing five-phase PMSM torque pulsation is dynamic
Gesture harmonic order, then the relationship directly proportional according to rotor airgap flux density and rotor mmf, determines turn for influencing torque pulsation
The harmonic order of sub- air gap flux density；
Step 3, the derivation of Fourier's expression formula to rotor airgap flux density in not equal magnetic poles pole embrace, and then derive not
Equal pole embraces angle difference is to the formula for weakening given torque pulsation order；
Step 4, in order to weaken 2 major harmonics in torque pulsation, the angle of adjacent virtual interpolar pole embrace difference is calculated
θ2, asymmetric design is carried out to selected virtual pole；
Step 5, in order to weaken 1 major harmonic in torque pulsation, the precise angle θ of magnetic pole misalignment is calculated1, to selected void
Quasi- magnetic pole carries out magnetic pole misalignment.
4. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: number calculation formula period of waves of the torque pulsation in the step 1 are as follows:
Wherein, v indicates that number period of waves of an electric period internal torque pulsation, S indicate the slot number of motor, and p indicates the pole of motor
Logarithm, N2psIndicate the least common multiple N of number of slots and number of poles2ps=LCM (S, 2p).
5. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: the calculation formula of the torque pulsation of five-phase PMSM in the step 2 are as follows:
Wherein, TpulIndicate output torque average value, wherein μ0It is the magnetic conductivity of air, g is gas length, and p is number of pole-pairs, rgIt is
The radius of intermediate air gap, L are stack of laminations length, γdIt is expressed as electric current angle, h is harmonic order, FshAnd FrhRespectively h rank is fixed
Son and rotor mmf.So the stator-rotator magnetic kinetic potential harmonic order of torque pulsation can be generated are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,
3 ..., then influence the harmonic order of the rotor airgap flux density of torque pulsation are as follows: h=10m ± 1, m=1,2,3 ....
6. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: do not waiting magnetic poles pole embrace B in the step 3rWhen Fourier's expression formula are as follows:
The amplitude B of rotor airgap flux density nth harmonicrnExpression formula are as follows:
Wherein, αp1It is the pole embrace of the pole N, αp2It is the pole embrace of the pole S, Br1It is the extremely provided magnetic flux density of N；
Further, BrnIt may be expressed as:
Wherein,
Further, A1And A2It is positive number, ifWithOpposite in phase, then BrnAmplitude can be less than A1And A2In
Any one.IfThen their opposite in phase；
If above formula is equal to 0, there are two types of selections；
The first:
Wherein, m is the major harmonic number of torque pulsation；
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, it is empty at this time
Quasi- magnetic pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the sum of the virtual pole pole embrace of m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The first situation, it is too small as reducing the sum of virtual pole pole embrace corresponding to torque pulsation major harmonic, it can lead
Cause output torque average value too small, so first method is infeasible；
Second:
In order to reduce the m subharmonic in torque pulsation, must reduce inside air gapOrSubharmonic, it is empty at this time
Quasi- magnetic pole pole embrace should meet:
Or
In order to reduce simultaneouslyIt is secondary andSubharmonic, virtual pole pole embrace should meet:
So the difference of the virtual pole pole embrace of the m subharmonic for reducing total torque pulsation can derive are as follows:
The difference of second situation, the virtual pole pole embrace as corresponding to reduction torque pulsation major harmonic is smaller, for
Than advantageous, institute is feasible in a second approach for the selection of pole embrace.
7. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step 4, not equal pole embraces weaken the pole embrace difference of 2 subharmonic in torque pulsation
Angle, θ2Are as follows:
8. the virtual pole spoke type permanent magnet synchronous motor low pulse design of a kind of integer slot Distributed Winding according to claim 3
Method, it is characterised in that: the magnetic pole misalignment formula in the step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, θnIndicate the angle for needing virtual pole to deviate when eliminating nth harmonic in torque pulsation；As n=1, magnetic pole misalignment
θ11 major harmonic in torque pulsation can be eliminated, so weakening the magnetic pole misalignment angle of 1 major harmonic in torque pulsation
Degree:
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| CN111769697A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-13 | 东南大学盐城新能源汽车研究院 | Method for weakening torque ripple and induction voltage of electric excitation magnetic flux switching motor |
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| CN114048649A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-02-15 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for weakening low-frequency vibration of stator of hydraulic generator |
| CN114048649B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2024-04-12 | 华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司 | Method for weakening stator low-frequency vibration of hydraulic generator |
| CN114142708A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-thrust fluctuation secondary modular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor |
| CN114142708B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-11-22 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-thrust fluctuation secondary modular permanent magnet synchronous linear motor |
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