CN112342437A - Crankshaft connecting rod preparation process - Google Patents

Crankshaft connecting rod preparation process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112342437A
CN112342437A CN202011305847.2A CN202011305847A CN112342437A CN 112342437 A CN112342437 A CN 112342437A CN 202011305847 A CN202011305847 A CN 202011305847A CN 112342437 A CN112342437 A CN 112342437A
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Prior art keywords
connecting rod
crankshaft
crankshaft connecting
aluminum
percent
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Inventor
洪超
李建
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Ningbo Beili Automobile Technology Co ltd
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Ningbo Beili Automobile Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/16Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/18High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/183High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C7/00Connecting-rods or like links pivoted at both ends; Construction of connecting-rod heads

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a crankshaft connecting rod which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6-7.6% of copper, 6-8% of aluminum, 1.5-3.5% of iron, 3.6-5.6% of silicon, 4-6% of manganese, 1.6-3.6% of chromium, 2.3-2.5% of nickel and the balance of Ti, and further comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6% of copper, 6% of aluminum, 1.5% of iron, 3.6% of silicon, 4% of manganese, 1.6% of chromium, 2.3% of nickel and the balance of Ti. The invention has the advantages of great progress in the preparation of the crankshaft connecting rod through ingot smelting, forging, preliminary heat treatment, machining and ultrasonic flaw detection, improvement on the grain size of the crankshaft connecting rod by the preliminary heat treatment step, grain refinement, foundation for the subsequent heat treatment process, difficult cracking and breaking, long service life and the like.

Description

Crankshaft connecting rod preparation process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crankshaft connecting rod preparation processes, in particular to a crankshaft connecting rod preparation process.
Background
The crankshaft is the most important component in the engine. It takes the force from the connecting rod and converts it into torque to be output by the crankshaft and drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined action of centrifugal force of the rotating mass, gas inertia force of periodic variation and reciprocating inertia force, so that the crankshaft is subjected to the action of bending and twisting load. Therefore, the crankshaft is required to have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the surface of the journal needs to be wear-resistant, work uniformly and balance well.
At present, aluminum and aluminum alloy are second only to steel, and are widely applied to the fields of buildings, energy sources, transportation, aerospace and the like, the application and research of the aluminum and aluminum alloy materials are rapidly developed, and various aluminum alloys are widely applied; in addition, a connecting rod mechanism on the engine plays a very important role in power transmission; the connecting rod needs to do continuous reciprocating motion for many times and large power transmission, the existing connecting rod is mostly made of forged steel metal or alloy material, the integral mass of the engine is heavier due to the large specific gravity of the material, the connecting rod is low in strength and poor in hardness, and the connecting rod is easy to crack and break.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a crankshaft connecting rod preparation process.
A crankshaft connecting rod comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6 to 7.6 percent of copper, 6 to 8 percent of aluminum, 1.5 to 3.5 percent of iron, 3.6 to 5.6 percent of silicon, 4 to 6 percent of manganese, 1.6 to 3.6 percent of chromium, 2.3 to 2.5 percent of nickel and the balance of Ti.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6% of copper, 6% of aluminum, 1.5% of iron, 3.6% of silicon, 4% of manganese, 1.6% of chromium, 2.3% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
Further, the material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6.6% of copper, 7% of aluminum, 2.5% of iron, 4.6% of silicon, 5% of manganese, 2.6% of chromium, 2.4% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
Further, copper 7.6%, aluminum 8%, iron 3.5%, silicon 5.6%, manganese 6%, chromium 3.6%, nickel 2.5%, and the balance Ti.
A crankshaft connecting rod preparation process comprises the following preparation steps:
s1, smelting and ingot casting: firstly, putting various raw materials of copper, aluminum, iron, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel and Ti into a smelting furnace for smelting, then pouring molten liquid generated after smelting into a casting sand box through a pouring gate, and controlling a hydraulic machine to carry out die assembly and pressure application molding on aluminum-copper alloy liquid in the casting sand box to take out a crankshaft connecting rod casting;
s2, forging: clamping redundant places at two ends of the crankshaft connecting rod casting by a manipulator, moving the crankshaft connecting rod casting to a die in a forging machine, and then starting the forging machine to perform forging forming;
s3, preheating: normalizing the crankshaft connecting rod casting at the temperature of 800-900 ℃, then performing stress relief annealing at the temperature of 500-540 ℃, and then performing heat preservation for 3 hours;
s4, heat treatment: quenching the crankshaft connecting rod casting subjected to the preliminary heat treatment by using a high-frequency quenching furnace, wherein the quenching temperature is 800-;
s5, machining: placing the crankshaft on a rough grinding lathe for rough grinding, roughly grinding the two ends of the cut crankshaft and the surface of the whole crankshaft, placing the ground crankshaft on a drilling machine for drilling, then carrying out fine grinding processing, then polishing, and finally placing the polished crankshaft in an electroplating bath for electroplating and rust prevention;
s6, ultrasonic flaw detection: clamping a crankshaft, and then carrying out ultrasonic monitoring;
s7, finished product: the crankshaft connecting rod which is subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection is a finished product
Further, the temperature of the smelting furnace in the S1 is 1420-.
Further, the holding temperature in S3 is 200 ℃.
The invention has the advantages of improving the grain size of the crankshaft connecting rod, refining grains, obtaining better cutting processing performance, laying a foundation for the subsequent heat treatment process, having the advantages of difficult cracking and breaking, long service life and the like by smelting ingot casting, forging, preliminary heat treatment, machining and ultrasonic flaw detection.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
Example one
The invention provides a crankshaft connecting rod which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6% of copper, 6% of aluminum, 1.5% of iron, 3.6% of silicon, 4% of manganese, 1.6% of chromium, 2.3% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
A crankshaft connecting rod preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting and ingot casting: firstly, putting various raw materials of copper, aluminum, iron, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel and Ti into a smelting furnace for smelting, then pouring molten liquid generated after smelting into a casting sand box through a pouring gate, and controlling a hydraulic machine to carry out die assembly and pressure application molding on aluminum-copper alloy liquid in the casting sand box to take out a crankshaft connecting rod casting;
s2, forging: clamping redundant places at two ends of the crankshaft connecting rod casting by a manipulator, moving the crankshaft connecting rod casting to a die in a forging machine, and then starting the forging machine to perform forging forming;
s3, preheating: normalizing the crankshaft connecting rod casting at 800 ℃, then performing stress relief annealing at 500 ℃, and then performing heat preservation for 3 hours;
s4, heat treatment: quenching the crankshaft connecting rod casting subjected to the preliminary heat treatment by using a high-frequency quenching furnace, wherein the quenching temperature is 800-;
s5, machining: placing the crankshaft on a rough grinding lathe for rough grinding, roughly grinding the two ends of the cut crankshaft and the surface of the whole crankshaft, placing the ground crankshaft on a drilling machine for drilling, then carrying out fine grinding processing, then polishing, and finally placing the polished crankshaft in an electroplating bath for electroplating and rust prevention;
s6, ultrasonic flaw detection: clamping a crankshaft, and then carrying out ultrasonic monitoring;
s6, finished product: and obtaining a finished product through the crankshaft connecting rod subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection.
Example two
The invention provides a crankshaft connecting rod which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 6.6% of copper, 7% of aluminum, 2.5% of iron, 4.6% of silicon, 5% of manganese, 2.6% of chromium, 2.4% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
A crankshaft connecting rod preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting and ingot casting: firstly, putting various raw materials of copper, aluminum, iron, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel and Ti into a smelting furnace for smelting, then pouring molten liquid generated after smelting into a casting sand box through a pouring gate, and controlling a hydraulic machine to carry out die assembly and pressure application molding on aluminum-copper alloy liquid in the casting sand box to take out a crankshaft connecting rod casting;
s2, forging: clamping redundant places at two ends of the crankshaft connecting rod casting by a manipulator, moving the crankshaft connecting rod casting to a die in a forging machine, and then starting the forging machine to perform forging forming;
s3, preheating: normalizing the crankshaft connecting rod casting at 850 ℃, then performing stress relief annealing at 520 ℃, and then performing heat preservation for 3 hours;
s4, heat treatment: quenching the crankshaft connecting rod casting subjected to the preliminary heat treatment by using a high-frequency quenching furnace, wherein the quenching temperature is 840 ℃, and then carrying out low-temperature tempering, the tempering temperature is 150 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours;
s5, machining: placing the crankshaft on a rough grinding lathe for rough grinding, roughly grinding the two ends of the cut crankshaft and the surface of the whole crankshaft, placing the ground crankshaft on a drilling machine for drilling, then carrying out fine grinding processing, then polishing, and finally placing the polished crankshaft in an electroplating bath for electroplating and rust prevention;
s6, ultrasonic flaw detection: clamping a crankshaft, and then carrying out ultrasonic monitoring;
s6, finished product: and obtaining a finished product through the crankshaft connecting rod subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection.
EXAMPLE III
The invention provides a crankshaft connecting rod which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 7.6% of copper, 8% of aluminum, 3.5% of iron, 5.6% of silicon, 6% of manganese, 3.6% of chromium, 2.5% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
A crankshaft connecting rod preparation process comprises the following steps:
s1, smelting and ingot casting: firstly, putting various raw materials of copper, aluminum, iron, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel and Ti into a smelting furnace for smelting, then pouring molten liquid generated after smelting into a casting sand box through a pouring gate, and controlling a hydraulic machine to carry out die assembly and pressure application molding on aluminum-copper alloy liquid in the casting sand box to take out a crankshaft connecting rod casting;
s2, forging: clamping redundant places at two ends of the crankshaft connecting rod casting by a manipulator, moving the crankshaft connecting rod casting to a die in a forging machine, and then starting the forging machine to perform forging forming;
s3, preheating: normalizing the crankshaft connecting rod casting at 900 ℃, then performing stress relief annealing at 540 ℃, and then performing heat preservation for 3 hours;
s4, heat treatment: quenching the crankshaft connecting rod casting subjected to the preliminary heat treatment by using a high-frequency quenching furnace, wherein the quenching temperature is 860 ℃, and then carrying out low-temperature tempering, the tempering temperature is 160 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours;
s5, machining: placing the crankshaft on a rough grinding lathe for rough grinding, roughly grinding the two ends of the cut crankshaft and the surface of the whole crankshaft, placing the ground crankshaft on a drilling machine for drilling, then carrying out fine grinding processing, then polishing, and finally placing the polished crankshaft in an electroplating bath for electroplating and rust prevention;
s6, ultrasonic flaw detection: clamping a crankshaft, and then carrying out ultrasonic monitoring;
s6, finished product: and obtaining a finished product through the crankshaft connecting rod subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection.
The data of mechanical property measurements performed on the crankshaft connecting rods respectively manufactured from the above-described examples 1, 2 and 3 are shown in Table 1: (blank control is prepared by a common crankshaft connecting rod preparation process)
Figure BDA0002788307070000061
Figure BDA0002788307070000071
TABLE 1
It can be known from the table 1 that the crankshaft connecting rod produced by the invention is not easy to crack and break, and can simultaneously improve the tensile strength, the bending degree, the torsion resistance and the HB of the connecting rod, improve the grain size of the crankshaft connecting rod and refine grains.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The crankshaft connecting rod is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 5.6 to 7.6 percent of copper, 6 to 8 percent of aluminum, 1.5 to 3.5 percent of iron, 3.6 to 5.6 percent of silicon, 4 to 6 percent of manganese, 1.6 to 3.6 percent of chromium, 2.3 to 2.5 percent of nickel and the balance of Ti.
2. The crankshaft connecting rod as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following raw materials by mass percent: 5.6% of copper, 6% of aluminum, 1.5% of iron, 3.6% of silicon, 4% of manganese, 1.6% of chromium, 2.3% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
3. The crankshaft connecting rod as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following raw materials by mass percent: 6.6% of copper, 7% of aluminum, 2.5% of iron, 4.6% of silicon, 5% of manganese, 2.6% of chromium, 2.4% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
4. The crankshaft connecting rod as claimed in claim 1, comprising the following raw materials by mass percent: 7.6% of copper, 8% of aluminum, 3.5% of iron, 5.6% of silicon, 6% of manganese, 3.6% of chromium, 2.5% of nickel and the balance of Ti.
5. A crankshaft connecting rod preparation process is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
s1, smelting and ingot casting: firstly, putting various raw materials of copper, aluminum, iron, silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel and Ti into a smelting furnace for smelting, then pouring molten liquid generated after smelting into a casting sand box through a pouring gate, and controlling a hydraulic machine to carry out die assembly and pressure application molding on aluminum-copper alloy liquid in the casting sand box to take out a crankshaft connecting rod casting;
s2, forging: clamping redundant places at two ends of the crankshaft connecting rod casting by a manipulator, moving the crankshaft connecting rod casting to a die in a forging machine, and then starting the forging machine to perform forging forming;
s3, preheating: normalizing the crankshaft connecting rod casting at the temperature of 800-900 ℃, then performing stress relief annealing at the temperature of 500-540 ℃, and then performing heat preservation for 3 hours;
s4, heat treatment: quenching the crankshaft connecting rod casting subjected to the preliminary heat treatment by using a high-frequency quenching furnace, wherein the quenching temperature is 800-;
s5, machining: placing the crankshaft on a rough grinding lathe for rough grinding, roughly grinding the two ends of the cut crankshaft and the surface of the whole crankshaft, placing the ground crankshaft on a drilling machine for drilling, then carrying out fine grinding processing, then polishing, and finally placing the polished crankshaft in an electroplating bath for electroplating and rust prevention;
s6, ultrasonic flaw detection: clamping a crankshaft, and then carrying out ultrasonic monitoring;
s7, finished product: and obtaining a finished product through the crankshaft connecting rod subjected to ultrasonic flaw detection.
6. The process as claimed in claim 5, wherein the temperature of the melting furnace in S1 is 1420-.
7. The process according to claim 5, wherein the holding temperature in S3 is 200 ℃.
CN202011305847.2A 2020-11-20 2020-11-20 Crankshaft connecting rod preparation process Pending CN112342437A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN114273857A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-05 绍兴力欣液压件有限公司 Preparation process of clutch booster

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CN108941402A (en) * 2018-09-19 2018-12-07 韶关市德丰机械有限公司 A kind of crankshaft forging technique and its method
CN110938762A (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-31 上海圣翊机械制造有限公司 Water erosion prevention turbine blade
CN109666863A (en) * 2019-02-27 2019-04-23 攀钢集团江油长城特殊钢有限公司 Preparation method, crankshaft material, crankshaft, engine and the application of crankshaft material
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