CN112341247B - Method for preparing heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes - Google Patents
Method for preparing heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M sodium;(1r,4ar,4br,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C([O-])=O ITCAUAYQCALGGV-XTICBAGASA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M monosodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O LPUQAYUQRXPFSQ-DFWYDOINSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004223 monosodium glutamate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
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- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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- C04B2235/602—Making the green bodies or pre-forms by moulding
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
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- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes, which is characterized in that tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts are used as raw materials, wet grinding is carried out by adopting a ball mill until the particle size of particles is less than 75 mu m, and slurry is prepared: stirring 45-83% of slurry, foaming agent, curing agent and coagulant at high speed for foaming, and then placing the mixture into a mould for curing to prepare a heat-insulating layer blank; then the rest slurry is mixed with curing agent, coagulant and foaming agent uniformly, and is laid on the upper layer of the mould provided with the green body of the curing heat-insulating layer, and is cured and dried to obtain a biscuit, and finally is subjected to high-temperature vitrification sintering for one-step molding. The decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer of the heat-insulating and decoration integrated wall material prepared by the invention are integrally solidified, dried and sintered to form, the process is simple, and the heat-insulating and decoration integrated wall material has excellent heat-insulating, fireproof and mechanical properties and does not generate secondary pollution; the solid wastes are completely adopted as raw materials, so that the harmless utilization of the wastes is realized, and the manufacturing cost of the materials is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a heat-insulating decorative wall material by utilizing industrial solid waste.
Background
Tungsten, known as "industrial monosodium glutamate", is one of the indispensable materials for modern industry. However, the tungsten ore grade in China is generally low and is 0.1% -0.7%, so that a large amount of tailings are generated in the mining and ore dressing processes, the tailings account for more than 90% of the original ore, more than 40 million tons of tungsten tailings are discharged every year, and the stockpiling amount is up to more than 1000 million tons. The tungsten tailings mainly comprise ore minerals and surrounding rock minerals, mainly comprise fluorite, quartz, garnet, common mineral, mica, calcite and other minerals, and a small amount of polymetallic minerals such as molybdenum, bismuth and the like, and mainly comprise SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 、CaO、CaF 2 、MgO、Fe 2 O 3 And the like. The tungsten tailings are mainly stored in a tailing pond or are backfilled into a mine, so that the resource waste is caused, the land is occupied, the environment is polluted, and the human health is harmed. The tungsten tailings are mainly used for recycling valuable components and building materials such as cement industry, microcrystalline glass, baking-free bricks and the like in the current stage of China, but are limited by various factors, and the mixing amount of the tungsten tailings is not high. For example, the system in the text "research progress of comprehensive utilization of tungsten tailings" published in "comprehensive utilization of Chinese resources" 2.2013 introduces the latest progress of recycling valuable metals and non-metallic ores in tungsten tailings and the application prospect of tungsten tailings in novel building materials, but does not specifically provide a specific technical scheme for application of tungsten tailings in building materials. Therefore, research and development of a novel material with high added value and multiple functions enables the tungsten tailings to be recycled and harmless, changes waste into valuable and is particularly important for realizing the ecological industry.
The hollow glass bead by-product is mainly a cloth bag dust removal solid by-product generated in the processes of preparation of hollow glass bead precursor and high-temperature vitrification, and the main chemical component is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 And alkali metal and alkaline earth metal oxides have the characteristics of complex components, small particle size, high activity, easiness in flying and the like, so that the resource recycling is difficult. Chinese patent application 201510431946.8 discloses a method for preparing a light heat-insulating fireproof plate by using hollow glass bead byproducts, but the method needs to be at 800 DEG CThe hollow glass bead by-product is subjected to high-temperature vitrification treatment by using a vertical electric furnace at the temperature of 1200 ℃ below zero, and the production cost is high.
The foamed glass belongs to a novel inorganic heat-insulating material, and solves the problems of flammability, short service life, poor stability and the like of the traditional organic heat-insulating material; compared with the added block concrete, the concrete has the advantages of low water absorption rate, small heat conductivity coefficient and the like. How to utilize industrial solid wastes such as tungsten tailings, hollow glass bead byproducts and the like to prepare the heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material has important significance for realizing resource utilization of the solid wastes and improving the ecological environment. With the development of low-carbon economy, the requirements of energy conservation and fire prevention of the buildings in China are continuously improved, and the foamed glass meets the development trend of future building heat-insulating materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provide a method for preparing a heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes, which has a simple process and is environment-friendly, and the prepared heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material has excellent heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention and mechanical properties.
In order to achieve the purpose, the method for preparing the heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing the solid waste adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for preparing a heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing slurry: taking tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts as raw materials, wet-milling the raw materials by a ball mill until the particle size of the materials is less than 75 mu m, wherein the materials account for more than 95.0 percent, and preparing slurry; the mass concentration (solid content) of the slurry is 55-75%, and is preferably 60-70%; the grinding granularity is preferably 100 percent of the material with the particle size of less than 75 mu m;
when the sum of the raw materials is calculated according to 100 percent, the contents of all components are as follows: 70-86% of tungsten tailings and 14-30% of hollow glass bead by-products.
(2) Preparing a heat-insulating layer green body: foaming the slurry with the mass fraction of 45-83 percent prepared in the step (1), a foaming agent, a curing agent and a coagulant together by a high-speed mixer for 15-25 min at the rotating speed of 5000-8000 rpm/min, and then putting into a mould for curing to prepare a heat-insulating layer blank;
the foaming agent is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium abietate, the polyvinyl alcohol, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and the sodium abietate are prepared according to the mass ratio of (4.4-5.6) to (1.8-2.4), preferably according to the mass ratio of 5; the foaming agent added in the preparation of the heat-insulating layer accounts for 1.3-1.8% of the total mass of the raw materials in the heat-insulating layer;
the curing agent is preferably water glass with the modulus of 3.0-3.6, and the water glass with the modulus of 3.3 is generally selected; the coagulant is calcium chloride; the addition amount of the curing agent is 4.2-5.6% of the total mass of the raw materials of the heat-insulating layer, and the addition amount of the coagulant is preferably 2.4-3.5% of the total mass of the raw materials of the heat-insulating layer.
(3) Preparing a biscuit: mixing the residual slurry prepared in the step (1) with a curing agent, a coagulant and a foaming agent for 20-40 min by using a stirrer, then paving the mixture on the upper layer of a mould provided with a curing heat-insulating layer blank, and curing and drying the mixture to obtain a biscuit, wherein the upper layer is a decorative layer, and the lower layer is a heat-insulating layer;
the curing agent also adopts water glass with the modulus of 3.0-3.6, preferably the water glass with the modulus of 3.3; the coagulant is calcium chloride; the addition amount of the curing agent generally accounts for 4.2-5.6% of the total mass of the raw materials of the decorative layer, and the addition amount of the coagulant generally accounts for 2.4-3.5% of the total mass of the raw materials of the decorative layer;
the foaming agent has a true density of 0.20-0.26 g/cm 3 Particle size of the resin composition<The hollow glass microspheres with the thickness of 75 mu m, and the addition amount of the foaming agent accounts for 3.4-5.6 percent of the total mass of the raw materials in the decorative layer.
(4) And (3) high-temperature vitrification sintering: and (4) putting the biscuit prepared in the step (3) into a high-temperature vitrification sintering furnace, heating from room temperature to 800-1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-8 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30-45 min, rapidly cooling to 600 ℃ at the speed of 10-15 ℃/min, and cooling to the normal temperature at the cooling rate of 1-3 ℃/min.
The mixture ratio and the process parameters in the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4) are adjusted to control the heightThe volume weight of the heat-insulating layer after the warm vitrification sintering is 165-200 kg/m 3 The coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.051-0.062W/(m.k), the volume water absorption rate<0.68 percent, the compressive strength of 0.82 to 1.51MPa and the thickness of 60 to 150mm; controlling the volume weight of the decorative layer after high-temperature vitrification sintering to be 380-520 kg/m 3 A coefficient of thermal conductivity of<0.136W/(m.k), volume Water absorption<0.45 percent, the compressive strength is 9.4 to 16MPa, and the thickness is 10 to 45mm.
According to the invention, the water glass is adopted as the curing agent, and meanwhile, the water glass has a bonding effect, so that bubbles can be prevented from floating upwards in the curing process, and the uniform distribution of the bubbles is kept; and the chemical component of the water glass is SiO 2 And Na 2 O, can be used as a main cosolvent to reduce the glass transition temperature.
The invention provides a method for preparing a microporous decorative and protective layer, which adopts hollow glass microspheres as a foaming agent, completely coats foaming gas in a hollow glass microsphere shell in a high-temperature sintering process, avoids coalescence and escape of bubbles and generation of abnormal holes, and has uniform pore diameter, low water absorption and high mechanical strength.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing the solid waste has the following advantages:
(1) The main chemical component of the tungsten tailings used in the invention is SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 And contains a large amount of Na 2 O and K 2 O, the hollow glass bead by-product contains more alkaline earth metal oxides, and other components are not needed to be added, and the surface tension, viscosity, softening temperature and the like of the molten glass liquid in the sintering process can be adjusted by matching the hollow glass bead by-product and the molten glass liquid, so that the heat-preservation and decoration integrated material with excellent heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention and mechanical properties is prepared.
(2) The heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material prepared by the invention is subjected to high-temperature melting and solidification to obtain a compact network structure, harmful substances such as heavy metal ions are distributed in gaps of the network structure, the harmful substances such as heavy metal ions in tungsten tailings are difficult to dissolve out, and harmless utilization is realized.
(3) The heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material prepared by the invention has high compressive strength of the decoration layer and good impact resistance, adjusts the volume weight through the hollow glass microspheres, and integrates protection, decoration and heat preservation; the volume weight and the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating layer are low, the heat-insulating effect is good, and the heat-insulating property is adjusted by a foaming agent. The decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer are integrally solidified, dried and sintered to form the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer, and the decorative layer and the heat-insulating layer are simple in process and low in cost.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the present invention, the method for preparing the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall material by using the solid waste of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The raw materials for preparing the blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 75% of tungsten tailings and 25% of hollow glass bead by-product. The addition amounts of the foaming agent, the curing agent, the coagulant and the foaming agent account for 1.35 percent, 4.82 percent, 2.61 percent and 3.85 percent of the total mass of the raw materials respectively. The true density of the hollow glass beads is 0.22g/cm 3 。
(1) Grinding tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts by a ball mill by a wet method until the particle size of the particles is less than 75 mu m to prepare slurry with the solid content of 60 percent;
(2) Foaming the slurry with the mass fraction of 75.6 percent prepared in the step (1) with a foaming agent, a curing agent and a coagulant for 20min by adopting a high-speed stirrer at the rotating speed of 6000rpm/min, and then putting the mixture into a mould for curing;
(3) Mixing the residual slurry prepared in the step (1) with a curing agent, a coagulant and a foaming agent for 20min by using a stirrer, then paving the mixture on the upper layer of a green body mould provided with a curing and insulating layer, and curing and drying the mixture to prepare a biscuit;
(1) Heating the wall body from room temperature to 950 ℃ at the heating rate of 4.5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 40min, then rapidly cooling to 600 ℃ at the speed of 11 ℃/min, and then cooling to the normal temperature at the cooling rate of 1 ℃/min to prepare the heat preservation and decoration integrated wall body material.
Specific performance parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material performance
Example 2
The raw materials for preparing the blank are as follows by mass percent: 80% of tungsten tailings and 20% of hollow glass bead by-product. The addition amounts of the foaming agent, the curing agent, the coagulant and the foaming agent account for 1.70%, 5.43%, 3.41% and 4.27% of the total mass of the raw materials respectively. The vacuum density of the hollow glass beads is 0.24g/cm 3 。
(1) Grinding tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts by a ball mill by a wet method until the particle size is less than 75 mu m to prepare slurry with the solid content of 70 percent;
(2) Foaming the slurry prepared in the step (1) with the mass fraction of 45.7%, a foaming agent, a curing agent and a coagulant for 17min by adopting a high-speed stirrer at the rotating speed of 7500rpm/min, and then filling the mixture into a mould for curing;
(3) Mixing the residual slurry prepared in the step (1) with a curing agent, a coagulant and a foaming agent for 35min by using a stirrer, then paving the mixture on the upper layer of a green body mould provided with a curing and insulating layer, and curing and drying the mixture to prepare a biscuit;
(4) Heating to 870 ℃ from room temperature at the heating rate of 6 ℃/min, preserving heat for 45min, rapidly cooling to 600 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and cooling to room temperature at the cooling rate of 2.5 ℃/min to obtain the heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material.
Specific performance parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 Heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material performance
Example 3
The raw materials for preparing the blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 86% of tungsten tailings and 14% of hollow glass bead by-product. The addition amounts of the foaming agent, the curing agent, the coagulant and the foaming agent account for 1.56%, 5.07%, 2.91% and 5.42% of the total mass of the raw materials respectively. The vacuum density of the hollow glass beads is 0.20g/cm 3 。
(1) Grinding tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts by a ball mill by a wet method until the particle size is less than 75 mu m to prepare slurry with the solid content of 67 percent;
(2) Foaming 53.9 mass percent of slurry prepared in the step (1) with a foaming agent, a curing agent and a coagulant for 15min by adopting a high-speed mixer at the rotating speed of 8000rpm/min, and then putting into a mould for curing;
(3) Mixing the residual slurry prepared in the step (1) with a curing agent, a coagulant and a foaming agent for 40min by using a stirrer, then paving the mixture on the upper layer of a green body mould provided with a curing and insulating layer, and curing and drying the mixture to prepare a biscuit;
(4) Heating to 920 ℃ from room temperature at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 45min, then rapidly cooling to 600 ℃ at the cooling rate of 15 ℃/min, and then cooling to normal temperature at the cooling rate of 3 ℃/min to obtain the heat preservation and decoration integrated wall material.
Specific performance parameters are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material performance
Claims (4)
1. A method for preparing a heat-preservation and decoration integrated wall material by utilizing solid wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing slurry: taking tungsten tailings and hollow glass bead byproducts as raw materials, wherein the mass sum of the raw materials is 100%, and the contents of the components are as follows: 70-86% of tungsten tailings and 14-30% of hollow glass bead by-products; the main chemical component of the tungsten tailings is SiO 2 、Al 2 O 3 (ii) a The raw materials are wet-milled by a ball mill to the particle size<The material with the particle size of 75 mu m accounts for more than 95.0 percent, and slurry is prepared; the mass concentration of the slurry is 55-75%;
(2) Preparing a heat-insulating layer green body: foaming the slurry prepared in the step (1) by mass percent of 45-83% together with a foaming agent, a curing agent and a coagulation accelerator for 15-25min by adopting a high-speed stirrer at the rotating speed of 5000-8000rpm/min, and then filling the mixture into a mould for curing to prepare a heat-insulating layer blank; the foaming agent is a mixture of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium abietate; the curing agent is water glass with modulus of 3.0 to 3.6, and the coagulant is calcium chloride;
(3) Preparing a biscuit: mixing the residual slurry prepared in the step (1) with a curing agent, a coagulant and a foaming agent by using a stirrer for 20 to 40min, then paving the mixture into an upper layer of a mould provided with a curing heat-insulating layer blank, and curing and drying the mixture to prepare a biscuit, wherein the upper layer is a decorative layer, and the lower layer is a heat-insulating layer; the curing agent is water glass with modulus of 3.0 to 3.6, and the coagulant is calcium chloride; the foaming agent has a true density of 0.20 to 0.26g/cm 3 Particle diameter of<Hollow glass microspheres of 75 μm; the foaming agent added for preparing the heat-insulating layer accounts for 1.3-1.8% of the total mass of raw materials in the heat-insulating layer, the curing agent is added in an amount of 4.2-5.6% of the total mass of raw materials in the heat-insulating layer, and the coagulant is added in an amount of 2.4-3.5% of the total mass of the raw materials in the heat-insulating layer; in the decorative layer, the addition amount of a foaming agent accounts for 3.4-5.6% of the total mass of raw materials in the decorative layer, the addition amount of a curing agent accounts for 4.2-5.6% of the total mass of raw materials of the decorative layer, and the addition amount of a coagulant accounts for 2.4-3.5% of the total mass of the raw materials of the decorative layer;
(4) And (3) high-temperature vitrification sintering: putting the biscuit prepared in the step (3) into a high-temperature vitrification sintering furnace, heating from room temperature to 800-1000 ℃ at the heating rate of 4-8 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 30-45min, then rapidly cooling to 600 ℃ at the speed of 10-15 ℃/min, and then cooling to the room temperature at the cooling rate of 1-3 ℃/min;
(5) Controlling the volume weight of the heat-insulating layer after high-temperature vitrified sintering to be 165-200kg/m by adjusting process parameters 3 The coefficient of thermal conductivity is 0.051 to 0.062W/(m.k), and the volume water absorption rate<0.68 percent, the compressive strength of 0.82 to 1.51MPa and the thickness of 60 to 150mm.
2. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the foaming agent is prepared by compounding polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium abietate according to the mass ratio of (4.4 to 5.6) to (1.8 to 2.4); the foaming agent added in the preparation of the heat-insulating layer accounts for 1.3-1.8% of the total mass of the raw materials in the heat-insulating layer.
3. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: controlling the volume weight of the decorative layer after high-temperature vitrified sintering to be 380 to 520kg/m by adjusting process parameters 3 A heat conductivity of<0.136W/(m.k), volume Water absorption<0.45 percent, the compressive strength of 9.4 to 169pa and the thickness of 10 to 45mm.
4. The method for preparing a heat-insulating and decorative integrated wall material by using solid wastes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the foaming agent is prepared by compounding polyvinyl alcohol, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium abietate according to the mass ratio of 5.
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