CN112341064A - Water-permeable cement concrete block and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-permeable cement concrete block and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112341064A CN112341064A CN202011381297.2A CN202011381297A CN112341064A CN 112341064 A CN112341064 A CN 112341064A CN 202011381297 A CN202011381297 A CN 202011381297A CN 112341064 A CN112341064 A CN 112341064A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water-permeable cement concrete block and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise 80-120 parts of cement, 6-10 parts of mica powder, 100-120 parts of fine aggregate, 300-500 parts of coarse aggregate, 2.5-5 parts of hectorite and 120 parts of 100-120 parts of water; the preparation method comprises adding hectorite into water, stirring, standing for 20-30h, adding coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement, stirring, adding mica powder, and stirring for 20-40min to obtain pervious concrete slurry; pouring and forming the pervious concrete slurry, curing the formed concrete at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 24-72 h, and then curing in the open air for 3-14 days. The cement concrete block prepared by the method has small shrinkage deformation and good water permeability effect, is beneficial to drainage and water seepage of a paved block road, and has good water retention effect, thereby being beneficial to inhibiting pollution of ground dust.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a water-permeable cement concrete block and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In recent years, the production and application technology of concrete blocks is unprecedentedly developed, the application field is expanded from building engineering to decoration, municipal engineering, road engineering, water conservancy, ports, gardens, airports and other engineering, and the application is also expanded from single structure functions such as devices, structures, heat preservation, heat insulation, sound absorption and other functions and combinations thereof, so that the value of the concrete blocks is doubled. The block pavement has the advantages of low construction cost, selectable plate thickness, long service life, convenient maintenance and low maintenance cost.
The building block is generally used for urban road construction, the structure is simple, the drainage effect on the surface of the building block is poor in the actual use process, water is easy to accumulate on the surface of the building block, the walking of citizens is influenced, the building block is quite inconvenient, the concrete pavement has the advantages of high strength, good stability, good durability, long service life, low maintenance cost, no pollution and the like, and the urban road and the highway are widely used. Due to the characteristics of northern geographical positions, the temperature is low in winter, concrete is often damaged by freezing during winter construction, the engineering quality is influenced, and large-area reworking is required in severe cases, so that waste is caused, and the construction period is influenced.
In order to enhance the frost resistance of cement concrete, additives such as air-entraining agent, water-reducing agent, early strength agent, accelerating agent, waterproofing agent, foaming agent, etc. are often added, and although the addition of these materials can enhance the frost resistance of cement concrete, the materials are usually mixed at the moment of use and require for the construction speed. In addition, a large amount of water is usually added in the concrete mixing construction process, the water exists in the concrete in a free state, and the more the free water is, the more the pores are, the smaller the compactness is, so that the frost resistance of the concrete is reduced.
When the small building blocks are naturally maintained, the small building blocks can be used after being maintained for 28 days, and the relative water content of the small building blocks when leaving a factory must be strictly controlled within a standard specified range; when the small building blocks are stacked on a construction site, rainproof measures must be adopted; before pouring, the small building blocks are not allowed to be watered and prewetted.
The concrete is a composite material, which is formed by cementing heterogeneous materials consisting of aggregates, set cement, gas, moisture and the like, and the volume deformation is generated while the concrete is gradually hardened under the conditions of temperature and humidity change, and the deformation is not uniform; the cement shrinks greatly, the aggregate shrinks very little, when the thermal expansion coefficient of the cement mortar is larger than that of the aggregate, tensile stress is generated on the interface, and therefore cracking damage is caused. The evaporation of free water from the concrete causes the concrete to dry out, causing the block to crack itself. The concrete block needs to be molded and maintained for 28 days due to the material of the concrete, the deformation of the block is about 60 percent, the deformation of the block needs to be completely stable for 3-5 years, and in the production and construction process, the block can not be aged or leaves a factory, the age is difficult to detect and control, and the deformation of the block after construction is difficult to control.
Therefore, the cement concrete building block which is small in deformation, convenient to construct and good in water permeating effect is researched and developed, and the cement concrete building block has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a permeable cement concrete block and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problems of difficult control of deformation of the concrete block and poor permeable effect in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the water-permeable cement concrete block comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of cement, 6-10 parts of mica powder, 100-containing fine aggregate 120 parts, 300-containing coarse aggregate 500 parts, 2.5-5 parts of hectorite and 100-containing water 120 parts.
Further, the cement is one of Portland cement, ordinary Portland cement and slag Portland cement; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is natural rock or pebble with the particle size of 10-30 mm.
Further, the hectorite is nano hectorite, and the particle size is 20-100 nm; the mesh number of the mica powder is 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the concrete block comprises the following steps:
(1) adding hectorite into water, stirring, standing for 20-30h, adding coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement, stirring, adding mica powder, and stirring for 20-40min to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring and molding the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1);
(3) and (5) maintenance: curing the formed concrete at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 24-72 h, and then curing in the open air for 3-14 days.
And (3) further, pouring the pervious concrete slurry in the step (2) into a mold, and demolding after molding.
And (3) further, watering every 1-3 days for open-air maintenance.
The hectorite in the invention is added into water, can expand rapidly to form hydrogel, has better thixotropy, dispersibility, suspension property and thickening property, forms communicated three-dimensional pores on the surface of concrete after drying, can absorb and seep water, has better water permeability and good water retention property, is beneficial to inhibiting the generation of ground dust after construction, and the moisture contained in the hectorite can be used for water when cement is solidified, so that the initial setting of the cement is better promoted, and the initial strength of the cement concrete is improved. The mica powder particles in the invention are mainly flat in shape, so that the viscosity of pervious concrete slurry is favorably increased, the compressive strength of the cement concrete building block is enhanced, and the mica powder particles are adsorbed on the surface of a gel structure, so that the good pore structure of the concrete is maintained, and the good water seepage and water permeability is favorably and continuously maintained. In addition, the building block is formed in one step, water does not need to be sprayed repeatedly in the curing process, the dry shrinkage deformation is small, the building block does not need to be subjected to waterproof treatment when placed on a construction site, construction can be carried out after the building block is wetted during construction, the construction difficulty and the storage cost are reduced, the building block is not influenced by severe weather conditions during construction, the process is simple and convenient, and the construction period is shortened.
Advantageous effects
(1) The hectorite added into water can expand rapidly to form hydrogel, has good thixotropy, dispersibility, suspension property and thickening property, forms communicated three-dimensional pores on the surface of concrete after drying, can absorb and seep water, has good water retention property, and is beneficial to inhibiting ground dust;
(2) the mica powder particles in the invention are mainly flat, so that the viscosity of pervious concrete slurry is increased, the compressive strength of the cement concrete block is enhanced, and the mica powder particles are adsorbed on the surface of a gel structure to keep a good pore structure of concrete;
(3) the building block prepared by the method has small dry shrinkage deformation and short maintenance time, the building block does not need to be waterproof when placed on a construction site, and the building block can be constructed after being wetted during construction, so that the construction difficulty and the storage cost are reduced;
(4) the cement concrete block is formed in one step, the curing process is simple, the dry shrinkage deformation is small, the prepared cement concrete block can meet the requirements of smooth construction under different construction conditions, and the construction period is shortened.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the following examples, but it will be understood that the description is intended to illustrate the features and advantages of the invention further, and not to limit the invention.
The cement used in the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples was ordinary portland cement No. 42.5;
the fine aggregate used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention was river sand, and the particle size was less than 0.5 mm; the coarse aggregate is natural rock with the thickness of 10-30 mm; the mesh number of the mica powder is 200 meshes; the hectorite is in a nanometer level, and the particle size is 20-100 nm;
the specification of the cement concrete block mould is 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200 mm;
the parts described in the following examples and comparative examples are parts by weight.
Example 1
(1) At normal temperature, adding 2.5 parts of hectorite into 100 parts of water, uniformly stirring, standing for 20 hours, then adding 300 parts of coarse aggregate, 110 parts of fine aggregate and 80 parts of cement, uniformly stirring, adding 6 parts of mica powder, and stirring for 25 minutes to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mould with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200mm, and performing vibration leveling;
(3) and (3) demoulding the concrete after the concrete is preliminarily formed (the time is 6 hours in the process), curing the concrete indoors at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 36 hours, and then curing the concrete outdoors for 6 days and watering the concrete once every 24 hours.
Example 2
(1) At normal temperature, adding 5 parts of hectorite into 120 parts of water, uniformly stirring, standing for 30 hours, then adding 500 parts of coarse aggregate, 110 parts of fine aggregate and 120 parts of cement, uniformly stirring, adding 10 parts of mica powder, and stirring for 30 minutes to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mould with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200mm, and performing vibration leveling;
(3) demoulding the concrete after primary forming (the time is 7 hours in the process), curing the concrete indoors at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 24 hours, then curing the concrete outdoors for 10 days, and watering the concrete once every 48 hours.
Example 3
(1) At normal temperature, adding 4 parts of hectorite into 120 parts of water, uniformly stirring, standing for 25 h, then adding 400 parts of coarse aggregate, 110 parts of fine aggregate and 120 parts of cement, uniformly stirring, adding 10 parts of mica powder, and stirring for 30min to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mould with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200mm, and performing vibration leveling;
(3) and (3) demolding after the concrete is preliminarily formed (the time for the process is 6.5 hours), curing indoors for 48 hours at the temperature of 25-33 ℃, then curing outdoors for 14 days, and watering once every 48 hours.
Comparative example 1
(1) Adding 100 parts of water into 300 parts of coarse aggregate, 110 parts of fine aggregate and 80 parts of cement, uniformly stirring, adding 6 parts of mica powder, and stirring for 25min to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mould with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200mm, and performing vibration leveling;
(3) and (3) demolding after the concrete is preliminarily formed (the time is 5.5h in the process), curing for 36h indoors at the temperature of 25-33 ℃, then curing for 6 days in the open air, and watering once every 24 h.
Comparative example 2
(1) At normal temperature, adding 2.5 parts of hectorite into 100 parts of water, uniformly stirring, standing for 20 hours, adding 300 parts of coarse aggregate, 110 parts of fine aggregate and 80 parts of cement, and uniformly stirring for 25min to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1) into a mould with the specification of 600mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 200mm, and performing vibration leveling;
(4) and (3) demoulding the concrete after the concrete is preliminarily formed (the time is 6 hours in the process), curing the concrete indoors at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 36 hours, and then curing the concrete outdoors for 6 days and watering the concrete once every 24 hours.
Performance testing
The permeable cement concrete bricks prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 (after curing) were subjected to compressive strength tests, the test methods refer to GB/T50081-2019 "test method standards for physical and mechanical properties of concrete", and the test results are shown in Table 1.
The pervious concrete samples prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to a water permeability test, the test method was referred to the water permeability coefficient detection method disclosed in JC/T945-2005, the pervious concrete blocks were taken, tested by a water permeability coefficient test apparatus and the water permeability coefficient was calculated, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Water permeability Cement concrete Block Performance parameters
Claims (6)
1. The water-permeable cement concrete block is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of cement, 6-10 parts of mica powder, 100-containing fine aggregate 120 parts, 300-containing coarse aggregate 500 parts, 2.5-5 parts of hectorite and 100-containing water 120 parts.
2. The concrete block of claim 1, wherein said cement is one of portland cement, ordinary portland cement, and portland slag cement; the fine aggregate is natural sand; the coarse aggregate is natural rock or pebble with the particle size of 10-30 mm.
3. The concrete block according to claim 1, wherein the hectorite is nano hectorite, and the particle size is 20-100 nm; the mesh number of the mica powder is 200 meshes.
4. A method of making a concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding hectorite into water, stirring, standing for 20-30h, adding coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement, stirring, adding mica powder, and stirring for 20-40min to obtain pervious concrete slurry;
(2) pouring and molding the pervious concrete slurry obtained in the step (1);
(3) and (5) maintenance: curing the formed concrete at the temperature of 25-33 ℃ for 24-72 h, and then curing in the open air for 3-14 days.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the pervious concrete slurry in the step (2) is poured into a mold, and the mold is removed after molding.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the open air curing in the step (3) is performed by watering every 1 to 3 days.
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| CN202011381297.2A CN112341064B (en) | 2020-12-01 | 2020-12-01 | Water-permeable cement concrete block and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113402295A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 辽宁科技学院 | High-strength concrete doped with granite powder and preparation method thereof |
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