CN112335763A - Preparation method of cold-extracted coffee - Google Patents

Preparation method of cold-extracted coffee Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112335763A
CN112335763A CN202011122555.5A CN202011122555A CN112335763A CN 112335763 A CN112335763 A CN 112335763A CN 202011122555 A CN202011122555 A CN 202011122555A CN 112335763 A CN112335763 A CN 112335763A
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coffee
extraction
cold
coffee powder
water
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CN202011122555.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
柳新荣
承超
邢志强
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Suzhou Golden Cat Coffee Co Ltd
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Suzhou Golden Cat Coffee Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202011122555.5A priority Critical patent/CN112335763A/en
Publication of CN112335763A publication Critical patent/CN112335763A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23FCOFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
    • A23F5/00Coffee; Coffee substitutes; Preparations thereof
    • A23F5/24Extraction of coffee; Coffee extracts; Making instant coffee

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of cold-extracted coffee, which comprises the following steps: (1) grinding coffee beans into coffee powder, and controlling the proportion of the coffee powder with the particle size of 200-1000 mu m to be more than or equal to 50%; (2) pre-wetting the coffee powder obtained in the step (1) with water; (3) and (3) carrying out continuous negative pressure extraction on the pre-wetted coffee powder by adopting water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃. The cold-extraction coffee has high production efficiency, high product yield, good aroma retention and good product taste, and is suitable for industrial mass production.

Description

Preparation method of cold-extracted coffee
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of cold-extracted coffee.
Background
In the prior art, the industrial production of coffee extract is usually carried out at a high temperature of more than 150 ℃, while aroma substances in coffee are sensitive to heat, the loss of the aroma substances in coffee is serious by adopting high-temperature extraction, and in addition, some bad substances can be generated in coffee at a high temperature, so that the aroma and the taste of coffee products are not good.
Currently, in order to obtain a coffee product with good taste and strong flavor, cold extraction coffee appears in families or coffee shops, ice water is used for low-temperature extraction of coffee liquid, and the two main ways are as follows: one is to soak coffee powder with ice water and then separate out the coffee powder to obtain cold extraction coffee liquid; and the other is to drip ice water into the coffee powder and collect the coffee liquid. However, the two methods for preparing cold-extracted coffee have the problems of long time consumption and low yield, and the cold-extracted coffee is only suitable for being prepared in a small amount and cannot be massively produced. And prolonged exposure of the coffee powder to the air also leads to the loss of aroma.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for producing cold-extracted coffee with good flavor and taste, and good production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing cold-extracted coffee, which can be used for industrial mass production and has good production efficiency and good flavor and taste of coffee extract.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of cold-extracted coffee, which comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding coffee beans into coffee powder, and controlling the proportion of the coffee powder with the particle size of 200-1000 mu m to be more than or equal to 50%;
(2) pre-wetting the coffee powder obtained in the step (1) with water;
(3) and (3) carrying out continuous negative pressure extraction on the pre-wetted coffee powder by adopting water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃.
In the invention, the continuous negative pressure extraction refers to that the extraction process is carried out under the negative pressure condition, water is continuously added in the whole extraction process, and simultaneously the extraction liquid is continuously taken out; instead, water is added into the coffee powder at one time, and after mixing and soaking, the extract is filtered out at one time.
Preferably, the proportion of the coffee powder with the particle size of 600-1000 μm in the step (1) is controlled to be more than or equal to 50%, so that the yield of the extract is further improved.
Preferably, the coffee powder and the water in the step (2) are controlled to be pre-wetted according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-1.5, so that the coffee powder is fully wetted, but the water does not seep out, thereby facilitating the subsequent extraction step and being beneficial to the retention of the aroma substances.
Preferably, the temperature of the water in the step (3) is controlled to be 0-6 ℃, so that the aromatic substances in the extract liquor can be better retained, and the flavor can be further improved.
Preferably, in the step (3), the dosage ratio of the pre-wetted coffee powder to the water is controlled to be 1: 5-10 when the continuous negative pressure extraction is carried out.
Further preferably, in the step (3), the dosage ratio of the pre-wetted coffee powder to the water is controlled to be 1: 6-8 when the continuous negative pressure extraction is performed.
Preferably, the extraction time in the step (3) is controlled to be 2-12 h.
Further preferably, the extraction time in the step (3) is controlled to be 4-6 h.
The invention controls the dosage ratio of water to pre-wetted coffee powder during extraction and the extraction time, so that the preparation method is balanced in the aspects of production efficiency, yield, aroma and the like, and is beneficial to industrial production and sale.
Preferably, the pressure in the extraction in the step (3) is controlled to be 0.001-0.1 MPa.
Preferably, the water in step (3) is controlled to be added in the form of a spray.
Preferably, the preparation method further comprises the steps of filtering and sterilizing the coffee liquid obtained by extraction.
The extraction step in the present invention may be carried out by using commercially available equipment, or may be carried out by using a cold extraction tank having the following structure.
Cold extraction jar includes:
a tank body;
the tank cover is detachably arranged on the tank body;
the spraying device is rotatably arranged on the tank cover;
the driving device is used for driving the spraying device to rotate;
the filter plate is detachably arranged in the tank body;
the pressure monitoring device comprises a first pressure gauge and a second pressure gauge, the first pressure gauge is arranged on the tank cover and used for monitoring the pressure of the cavity of the tank body close to the tank cover, the second pressure gauge is arranged at the lower part of the tank body and located below the filter plate, and the second pressure gauge is used for monitoring the pressure of the cavity of the tank body located at the lower part of the filter plate;
the safety valve is arranged on the tank cover, and when the pressure in the cavity of the tank body exceeds a set value, the tank body is decompressed through the safety valve;
the cold extraction liquid collecting device comprises a liquid outlet, a main valve, a three-way pipe, a first valve, a second valve, a vacuum pipeline and a compressed gas pipeline, wherein the liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tank body and is communicated with a cavity in the tank body, the main valve is used for connecting the liquid outlet with a first passage of the three-way pipe, the first valve is used for connecting the vacuum pipeline with a second passage of the three-way pipe, and the second valve is used for connecting the compressed gas pipeline with a third passage of the three-way pipe;
spray set includes connecting pipe, spray bar, internal thread is direct, connector, the connecting pipe rotationally wears to establish the middle part of cover, its lower tip with the spray bar directly is connected through the internal thread, the lower part of spray bar is provided with a plurality of holes that spray, the connector sets up the upper end of connecting pipe, the connector is used for connecting the inlet tube.
Preferably, distances between the plurality of spray holes and the axis of the connecting pipe are different.
Preferably, the lower part of the spray rod is in a straight shape, a cross shape or a meter shape.
Preferably, a shaft sealing device is arranged between the connecting pipe and the tank cover.
Preferably, a sealing gasket or a sealing ring is arranged between the tank cover and the tank body.
Preferably, an annular flange is provided on an inner wall of the lower portion of the tank body, and the filter plate is placed on the annular flange.
Preferably, the diameter of the filter holes in the filter plate is less than 90% of the particle size of the coffee powder.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a motor, a main belt wheel, a secondary belt wheel and a synchronous belt, the motor is arranged on the tank cover, the main belt wheel is sleeved on an output shaft of the motor, the secondary belt wheel is sleeved on the upper portion of the connecting pipe, and the synchronous belt is tensioned between the main belt wheel and the secondary belt wheel.
Preferably, the outer wall of the tank body is further provided with a cooling water spacer bush, the cooling water spacer bush is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, and cooling water flows into the cooling water spacer bush from the cooling water inlet and then flows out from the cooling water outlet.
Further preferably, the cooling water inlet is located at the bottom of the cooling water spacer, and the cooling water outlet is located at the top of the cooling water spacer.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the cold-extraction coffee has high production efficiency, high product yield, good aroma retention and good product taste, and is suitable for industrial mass production.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a cold extraction tank, partially in section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a filter plate.
Wherein: 100. a tank body; 101. a cavity; 102. an annular flange; 103. a cooling water spacer sleeve; 1031. a cooling water inlet; 1032. a cooling water outlet; 200. a can lid; 300. a spraying device; 301. a connecting pipe; 3011. a shaft seal device; 302. a spray bar; 3021. spraying holes; 303. directly cutting internal threads; 304. a connector; 400. a drive device; 401. a motor; 403 secondary pulley; 404. a synchronous belt; 500. a filter plate; 501. a filtration pore; 502. fixing screws; 601. a first pressure gauge; 602. a second pressure gauge; 700. a safety valve; 800. a cold extract collecting device; 801. a liquid outlet; 802. a main valve; 803. a first valve; 804. a second valve; 805. a three-way pipe; 806. a vacuum line; 807. a compressed gas conduit.
FIG. 3 is the aroma profile of the extracts of example 1, example 3 and example 4;
fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. The implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not indicated are generally the conditions in routine experiments.
The vertical direction in the structure of the cold extraction tank is the vertical direction in fig. 1.
The cold extraction tank shown in fig. 1-2, comprises: the tank comprises a tank body 100, a tank cover 200, a spraying device 300, a driving device 400, a filter plate 500, a pressure monitoring device, a safety valve 700 and a cold extraction liquid collecting device 800; the tank cover 200 is detachably arranged on the tank body 100, specifically, the tank cover 200 and the tank body 100 are both provided with lugs, and the tank cover 200 is detachably arranged on the tank body 100 by connecting the lugs on the tank cover 200 and the tank body 100 through bolts; the spray device 300 is rotatably arranged on the tank cover 200; the driving device 400 is used for driving the spraying device 300 to rotate; the filter plate 500 is detachably disposed in the tank 100, specifically, the lower portion of the inner wall of the tank 100 is provided with an annular flange 102, the filter plate 500 is placed on the annular flange 102, the filter plate 500 is pressed against the annular flange 102 by a fixing screw 502, and the filter plate 500 is used for supporting and filtering the pre-wetted coffee powder; the pressure monitoring device comprises a first pressure gauge 601 and a second pressure gauge 602, the first pressure gauge 601 is arranged on the tank cover 200, the first pressure gauge 601 is used for monitoring the pressure in the cavity 101 close to the tank cover 200 in the tank body 100, the second pressure gauge 602 is arranged at the lower part of the tank body 100 and is positioned below the filter plate 500, and the second pressure gauge 602 is used for detecting the pressure in the cavity 101 at the lower part of the filter plate 500 in the tank body 100; the safety valve 700 is provided on the can lid 200, and when the pressure in the cavity 101 in the can body 100 exceeds the set value of the safety valve 700, the can body 100 is decompressed through the safety valve 700; the cold extraction liquid collecting device 800 comprises a liquid outlet 801, a main valve 802, a three-way pipe 805, a first valve 803, a second valve 804, a vacuum pipeline 806 and a compressed gas pipeline 807, wherein the liquid outlet 801 is arranged at the bottom of the tank body 100 and is communicated with the cavity 101 in the tank body 100, the main valve 802 is used for connecting the liquid outlet 801 with a first passage of the three-way pipe 805, the first valve 803 is used for connecting the vacuum pipeline 806 with a second passage of the three-way pipe 805, and the second valve 804 is used for connecting the compressed gas pipeline 807 with a third passage of the three-way pipe 805; spray set 300 includes connecting pipe 301, spray bar 302, the internal thread is direct 303, connector 304, connecting pipe 301 rotationally wears to establish the middle part at cover 200, spray bar 302's middle part has the extension section that upwards extends, connecting pipe 301's lower tip is connected through the internal thread with spray bar 302's extension section, make connecting pipe 301's inside cavity be linked together with spray bar 302's inside cavity, spray bar 302's lower bottom is provided with a plurality of holes 3021 that spray, connector 304 sets up the upper end at connecting pipe 301, connector 304 is used for connecting the inlet tube.
Preferably, the lower part of the spray rod 302 is in a straight line shape, and the distances between the plurality of spray holes 3021 on the spray rod 302 and the axial line of the connecting pipe 301 are different, so that when the spray rod 302 is driven by the connecting pipe 301 to rotate for one circle, water fed from the water inlet pipe can be uniformly sprayed or dripped onto the pre-wetted coffee powder supported on the filter plate 500, and the pre-wetted coffee powder can be uniformly contacted with the water due to the diffusion effect of the water droplets in the pre-wetted coffee powder; of course, the technical effect of the present invention can also be achieved by making the lower portion of the spray bar 302 into a cross shape or a meter shape.
In order to improve the efficiency of the cold extraction liquid extraction by the vacuum pipe 806 in the cold extraction liquid collection device 800, it is necessary to seal the space between the tank cover 200 and the connection pipe 301 and the space between the tank cover 200 and the tank body 100 as much as possible, and therefore, a shaft sealing device 3011 is further provided between the connection pipe 301 and the tank cover 200, and a gasket (not shown) is further provided between the tank cover 200 and the tank body 100.
The filter 500 is circular, and its diameter slightly is less than jar internal diameter of body 100, is provided with a plurality of filtration holes 501 on the filter 500, for guaranteeing the filter effect of filter 500, reduces the quantity of the coffee powder in the cold extract after the filtration as far as possible to guarantee certain filtration efficiency, the diameter of the filtration hole 501 on the filter 500 is less than 90% coffee powder's particle size.
The driving device 400 comprises a motor 401, a primary pulley, a secondary pulley 403 and a synchronous belt 404, wherein the motor 401 is arranged on the tank cover 200, the primary pulley (not shown) is sleeved on an output shaft of the motor 401, the secondary pulley 403 is sleeved on the upper part of the connecting pipe 301, the secondary pulley 403 and the connecting pipe 301 rotate synchronously, the synchronous belt 404 is tensioned between the primary pulley and the secondary pulley 403, and when the output shaft of the motor 401 rotates, the connecting pipe 301 is driven to rotate relative to the tank cover 200 through the primary pulley, the secondary pulley 403 and the synchronous belt 404.
In order to ensure that the temperature of the water and the pre-wetted coffee powder is in a low temperature state during extraction, a cooling water spacer 103 is further arranged on the outer wall of the tank body 100, a cooling water inlet 1031 and a cooling water outlet 1032 are formed in the cooling water spacer 103, the cooling water inlet 1031 is lower than the cooling water outlet 1032, specifically, the cooling water inlet 1031 is located at the bottom of the cooling water spacer 103, the cooling water outlet 1032 is located at the top of the cooling water spacer 103, cooling water at 2-6 ℃ flows into the cooling water spacer 103 from the cooling water inlet 1031, and flows out from the cooling water outlet 1032 after the temperature of the tank body 100 is reduced.
The operation of the cold extract collecting device 800 will be described.
When cold extraction liquid is collected, the second valve 804 is closed, the main valve 802 and the first valve 803 are opened, the vacuum pipeline 806 is communicated with the liquid outlet 801 through the three-way pipe 805, and under the action of the vacuum pipeline 806, extraction liquid in the cavity 101 above the liquid outlet 801 and below the filter plate 500 flows out through the vacuum pipeline 806 and is collected; when the filtering hole 501 on the filtering plate 500 is blocked, specifically reflecting that the second pressure gauge 602 is in a higher vacuum state, but the extraction liquid cannot be extracted from the vacuum pipeline 806, at this time, the first valve 803 is closed, the second valve 804 is opened, compressed nitrogen is introduced into the cavity 101 above the liquid outlet 801 and below the filtering plate 500 through the compressed gas pipeline 807, coffee powder blocked in the filtering hole 501 is backflushed upwards, the filtering hole 501 is reopened, and the influence of oxygen in the air entering the cavity 101 on the extraction liquid and the coffee powder can be avoided through the backflushing of the nitrogen.
The coffee beans in the following examples are roasted coffee beans according to a conventional process.
The preparation of examples 1 to 5 is as follows, the specific parameters of each example being shown in Table 1.
(1) Grinding 100kg of coffee beans into coffee powder;
(2) adding 100kg of water into the coffee powder obtained in the step (1) to prewet the coffee powder;
(3) transferring the pre-wetted coffee powder into an extraction tank, controlling the pressure in the extraction tank to be 0.02Mpa, and controlling water to be sprayed into the extraction tank according to a certain flow rate so that the mass ratio of the pre-wetted coffee powder to the total sprayed water at the end of extraction is about 1: 7; after extraction is finished, collecting extract liquor;
(4) and (3) performing cloth bag filtration on the extract liquor, and then performing UV or membrane filtration for sterilization to obtain a cold-extracted coffee product.
TABLE 1
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5
Coffee powder, micron (distribution ratio is more than or equal to 50%) 600-1000 200-600 600-1000 600-1000 600-1000
Water temperature of extraction 4 4 4 4 15
Extraction time, H 5 5 12 2 5
Yield and% 20.2 18.9 20.4 16.7 18.7
Wherein, the yield is the percentage of the total mass of the solid matters in the extract liquid to the total mass of the coffee powder.
As can be seen from examples 1 and 2, the preferred range of the particle size (distribution ratio. gtoreq.50%) of the coffee powder is 600 to 1000. mu.m, by adjusting the fineness of grinding of the coffee powder, wherein the amount of fine powder is increased in the coffee powder of example 2, but the yield of the extract is decreased by 6.4%.
As can be seen from examples 1 and 3, example 3 prolongs the extraction time, and the extraction efficiency is improved by 1.0% without changing the rest. As can be seen from examples 1 and 4, example 4 shortens the extraction time, and the rest is unchanged, but the extraction efficiency is relatively reduced by 17.3%. Therefore, the extraction time is preferably 4-6 h in consideration of economic cost.
As can be seen from examples 1 and 5, in example 5, the temperature of the extraction water is increased, and the extraction efficiency is relatively reduced by 7.4% without changing the rest of the extraction water, so that the extraction is preferably performed by using water at 0-6 ℃.
In addition, the aroma maps of the extracts of example 1, example 3 and example 4 are shown in fig. 3, and fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3, and the results of the detection of fig. 3 are compared with the total amount of volatile aroma by the area normalization method, and are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
Item Example 1 Example 3 Example 4
Total amount of volatile fragrance 1195395 985939 1254444
As can be seen from Table 2 above, the total amount of volatile fragrance in example 3 is reduced by about 17.5% compared to example 1; the total amount of volatile fragrance of example 4 was 4.7% more than the total amount of example 1.
The total amount of fragrance of example 1 was judged to be a higher level, 4.7% less than that of example 4, but the product yield was relatively high, and in combination, example 1 was a relatively superior condition.
The present invention is described in detail in order to make those skilled in the art understand the content and practice the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A method for preparing cold-extracted coffee is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding coffee beans into coffee powder, and controlling the proportion of the coffee powder with the particle size of 200-1000 mu m to be more than or equal to 50%;
(2) pre-wetting the coffee powder obtained in the step (1) with water;
(3) and (3) carrying out continuous negative pressure extraction on the pre-wetted coffee powder by adopting water at the temperature of 0-20 ℃.
2. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: controlling the proportion of the coffee powder with the particle size of 600-1000 mu m in the step (1) to be more than or equal to 50%.
3. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) controlling the coffee powder and the water in the step (2) to prewet according to the mass ratio of 1: 1-1.5.
4. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: controlling the temperature of the water in the step (3) to be 0-6 ℃.
5. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (4) controlling the dosage ratio of the prewetted coffee powder to the water to be 1: 5-10 when the continuous negative pressure extraction is carried out in the step (3).
6. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and (4) controlling the dosage ratio of the prewetted coffee powder to the water to be 1: 6-8 during the continuous negative pressure extraction in the step (3).
7. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (4) controlling the extraction time in the step (3) to be 2-12 h.
8. The method of making cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and (4) controlling the extraction time in the step (3) to be 4-6 h.
9. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: controlling the pressure in the step (3) to be 0.001-0.1 MPa.
10. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: controlling the water in the step (3) to be added in a spraying mode.
11. A method of preparing cold-extracted coffee as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the preparation method also comprises the steps of filtering and sterilizing the coffee liquid obtained by extraction.
CN202011122555.5A 2020-10-20 2020-10-20 Preparation method of cold-extracted coffee Pending CN112335763A (en)

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