CN112335586A - Net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of solenopsis invicta and culture method thereof - Google Patents

Net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of solenopsis invicta and culture method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112335586A
CN112335586A CN202011132257.4A CN202011132257A CN112335586A CN 112335586 A CN112335586 A CN 112335586A CN 202011132257 A CN202011132257 A CN 202011132257A CN 112335586 A CN112335586 A CN 112335586A
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China
Prior art keywords
net cage
escape
culture
artificial culture
sucking disc
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CN202011132257.4A
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CN112335586B (en
Inventor
闻海波
马学艳
徐跑
王林
顾若波
徐东坡
金武
吕国华
华丹
丁图强
郑冰清
张呈祥
沙青
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Jiangyin Shengang Sanxian Cultivation Co ltd
Nanjing Agricultural University
Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Jiangyin Shengang Sanxian Cultivation Co ltd
Nanjing Agricultural University
Freshwater Fisheries Research Center of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences
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Publication of CN112335586A publication Critical patent/CN112335586A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/60—Floating cultivation devices, e.g. rafts or floating fish-farms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention relates to a net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of razor clam and a culture method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture. Comprises a culture net cage and an escape-proof inner container. Placing the anti-escape liner in a breeding net cage, and paving bottom mud in the anti-escape liner, wherein the paving height of the bottom mud is 3-5cm and is lower than the highest height of the anti-escape liner; placing the young solenopsis invicta in the escape-proof inner container; and then hanging the cultivation net cages at cultivation places. The invention provides the net cage which is convenient to transport, low in price and reusable and can improve the artificial culture recapture rate of the solenopsis crassipes, and the culture method, and the net cage has an important promotion effect on germ plasm resource protection and artificial culture development of the solenopsis crassipes in China.

Description

Net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of solenopsis invicta and culture method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of razor clam and a culture method thereof, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
The razor clam is commonly called clam, arca subcrenata, etc., is a fresh water bivalve shellfish which is peculiar to China, has thin and crisp shell, fresh and tender clam meat, delicious taste and rich nutrition, and is suitable for the patients with the disease of the Anhui Fuyang,North of a lakeTianmen and the like are local well-known fresh food of river and vegetarian food of Huaihe abalone,the economic value is high. The solenopsis olivaceus and mussels mainly inhabit in rivers with hard yellow mud or sandy soil substrate and micro-flowing water, have inhabitation habit of 'one hole for life', mainly filter and eat algae, bacteria, organic debris and the like in water, and have very important functions on natural water self-purification and material energy circulation.
From the view of the existing resource investigation, the solen shells are naturally distributed in five fresh water lakes, partial branches of Yangtze river, partial river reach of Huaihe river and rivers with better water quality. However, the influence of factors such as the destruction of habitat, water pollution and artificial harsh capturing is only present at presentNorth of a lakeThe parts of the Tianmen river tomb section, Huaihe Fuyang section and Poyang lake are distributed in sporadic plaque shape, and the artificial breeding protection of the solenopsis invicta is strengthened to be reluctant in view of the endangered condition and the important economic value of the solenopsis invicta in China.
The breeding of the young solenopsis opened in the freshwater fishery research center of the Chinese aquatic science research institute is only successful in breaking through the artificial breeding technology and successfully cultivating the young solenopsis opened in the freshwater fishery research center. In the clam seedling culture stage, due to the strong crawling capability, the clam seedlings are easy to escape during the common clam cage culture, and the recapture rate of the clams is only 2% -5% after one year. The test result shows that the method has low culture efficiency, difficult recapture and low survival rate, and is not suitable for large-scale commercial mussel culture. Therefore, the research on the artificial breeding device and the breeding method of the solenopsis invicta mussels has an important promoting effect on the protection, development and utilization of germplasm resources of the solenopsis invicta mussels in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides the net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clam and the culture method thereof, and the net cage is convenient to transport, low in price and reusable.
According to the technical scheme, the net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clam comprises a culture net cage and an escape-proof liner; the escape-proof inner container is arranged in the aquaculture net cage;
the escape-proof inner container comprises a plastic sucking disc, a pressing strip and a bulge; the plastic sucking disc is of a square structure, and a plurality of bulges are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the plastic sucking disc; four pressing strips are arranged around the opening of the plastic sucking plate.
The artificial culture of the solenopsis crassoides is carried out by the device, and the technical parameters of fry stocking specification and density, suitable substrate type and thickness, cage hanging culture depth, culture mode and the like are provided.
Furthermore, the side length of the plastic sucking disc is 40-44cm, and the depth is 7-9 cm; the width of the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc is 10-20 mm.
Furthermore, the inner side of the joint of the two sides of the plastic sucking disc is provided with a radian; the radian is specifically 30 degrees.
Further, the distance between the protrusions is 23-25 mm.
Furthermore, the pressing strip is connected with the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc through a buckle; the width of the pressing strip is 2.5-4cm, and the pressing strip protrudes 1-2.5cm towards the inner side of the plastic sucking disc.
Furthermore, the cultivation net cage is made of a frame-shaped structure formed by bamboo, plastic or wood, and a layer of net is fixed on the outer side of the cultivation net cage; the escape-proof inner container is made of plastic uptake material.
The method for raising the artificial culture recapture rate of the solen crassoides comprises the steps of placing an escape-proof inner container into a culture net cage, and paving bottom mud in the escape-proof inner container, wherein the paving height of the bottom mud is 3-5cm and is lower than the highest height of the escape-proof inner container; stocking the young razor clam in the escape-proof inner container; and then hanging the cultivation net cages at cultivation places.
Further, the bottom mud is sand or hard yellow mud.
Further, the size of the seedlings of the solenopsis olivaceus and the mussels is 0.8-1.2cm, and the mussel seedling culture density is 400-2。
Further, the mussel seedling hanging culture depth is 30-45 cm.
Furthermore, herbivorous and omnivorous fishes can be polycultured and intercropped in the breeding place.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides the net cage which is convenient to transport, low in price and reusable and can improve the artificial culture recapture rate of the solenopsis crassipes, and the culture method, and the net cage has an important promotion effect on germ plasm resource protection and artificial culture development of the solenopsis crassipes in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the escape-proof liner.
Figure 3 is a side view of the anti-escape liner.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a compression bar structure.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a culture net cage; 2. an escape-proof inner container; 21. a plastic sucking disc; 22. layering; 23. and (4) protruding.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, a net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of razor clam comprises a culture net cage 1 and an escape-proof inner container 2; the escape-proof liner 2 is arranged in the culture net cage 1;
the escape-proof inner container 2 comprises a plastic sucking disc 21, a pressing strip 22 and a bulge 23; the plastic sucking disc 21 is of a square structure, and a plurality of bulges 23 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall; four pressing strips 22 are arranged along the periphery of the opening of the plastic sucking disc 21.
The side length of the plastic sucking disc 21 is 40-44cm, and the depth is 7-9 cm; the width of the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc 21 is 10-20 mm.
The inner side of the joint of the two sides of the plastic sucking disc 21 is provided with a radian; the radian is specifically 30 degrees.
The distance between the bulges 23 is 23-25 mm.
The pressing strip 22 is connected with the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc 21 through a buckle; the width of the pressing strip 22 is 2.5-4cm, and the pressing strip protrudes 1-2.5cm towards the inner side of the plastic sucking disc 21.
The buckle is located at the edge 1/3 and is cylindrical with the diameter of 5.5mm and the depth of 6mm, and the distance between the two buckles is 60-90 mm.
The cultivation net cage 1 is made of a frame-shaped structure formed by bamboo, plastic or wood, and a layer of net is fixed on the outer side of the cultivation net cage; the escape-proof inner container 2 is made of plastic uptake material.
The anti-escape liner 2 has lighter weight, can be placed in an overlapping way, has the cost of only 1.5-1.6 yuan for each, and has the characteristics of convenient transportation and storage, low cost, reusability and the like.
Example 2
Placing the anti-escape liner 2 into the aquaculture net cage 1, and paving bottom mud in the anti-escape liner 2, wherein the paving height of the bottom mud is 3-5cm and is lower than the highest height of the anti-escape liner; placing the young solen and mussel in the escape-proof inner container 2; then the aquaculture net cage 1 is hung in the aquaculture place.
In 4 months in 2018, 250g of grass carp with 200-fold grass carp tails is placed in a pond with 3 mu, and 100 boxes of 0.8-1.2cm of young clam of solen clam are placed in 7 months, wherein 90-100 young clam are placed in each box, and the density of the young clam in the net cage is about 800 young grass fishes/m2. The bottom mud is hard yellow mud with the thickness of 3-5cm, and the hanging culture depth is 35-45 cm. The statistical recapture rate is 92% -97% in 2020 and the survival rate is 77-87%, and the size of the razor clam is 14-18 cm; the grass carp is 3-4kg in size.
Example 3
The cultivation was carried out as described in example 2.
In 5 months in 2018, 10-20g of 2 ten thousand fish tails of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco seedlings are placed in a pond of 5 mu, about 10-20g of 200 tails of Aristichthys nobilis are placed at the same time, and in 7 months, 200 boxes of 0.8-1.2cm of Lumbrillus olivaceus and mussels are placed, 50-60 mussel seedlings are placed in each box, and the density of the mussel seedlings in the net cage is about 400 plus 480/m2. The bottom mud is sandy soil with the thickness of 3-5cm, and the hanging depth is 35-45 cm. Counting the recapture rate of 93-97% in 11 months in 2018, the survival rate of 81-90% and the size of the razor clam is about 4-6 cm; the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 150g in specification of 130-.
Example 4
The cultivation was carried out as described in example 2.
In 11 months in 2018, 1.5 ten thousand fish tails of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco fish fries (with the specification of 20-35 g) are placed in a pond of 5 mu, 200 boxes of 0.8-1.2cm of Lumbrillon clam fries are placed in the same month, 90-100 clam fries are placed in each box, and the density of the clam fries in the net cage is about 720 plus 800 fish eggs/m2. The bottom mud is hard yellow mud with the thickness of 3-5cm, and the hanging culture depth is 35-45 cm. The statistical recapture rate is 91-97% in 11 months in 2019, the survival rate is 78-87%, and the specifications of the razor clam are about 8-11 cm; the pelteobagrus fulvidraco is 150-175g in specification.

Claims (10)

1. A net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of razor clam, which is characterized in that: comprises a breeding net cage (1) and an escape-proof inner container (2); the escape-proof inner container (2) is arranged in the cultivation net cage (1);
the escape-proof inner container (2) comprises a plastic sucking disc (21), a pressing strip (22) and a bulge (23); the plastic sucking disc (21) is of a square structure, and a plurality of bulges (23) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall; four pressing strips (22) are arranged along the periphery of the opening of the plastic sucking disc (21).
2. The net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the side length of the plastic sucking disc (21) is 40-44cm, and the depth is 7-9 cm; the width of the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc (21) is 10-20 mm.
3. The net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the inner side of the joint of the two sides of the plastic sucking disc (21) is provided with a radian; the radian is specifically 30 degrees.
4. The net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the distance between the bulges (23) is 23-25 mm.
5. The net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that: the pressing strip (22) is connected with the upper edge of the plastic sucking disc (21) through a buckle; the width of the pressing strip (22) is 2.5-4cm, and the pressing strip protrudes 1-2.5cm towards the inner side of the plastic sucking disc (21).
6. The net cage for improving the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the cultivation net cage (1) is made of a frame-shaped structure formed by bamboo, plastic or wood, and a layer of net is fixed on the outer side of the cultivation net cage; the escape-proof inner container (2) is made of plastic uptake material.
7. The method for raising the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams by the net cages as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: placing the anti-escape liner (2) into the aquaculture net cage (1), and paving bottom mud in the anti-escape liner (2), wherein the paving height of the bottom mud is 3-5cm and is lower than the highest height of the anti-escape liner; placing the young solenopsis invicta in the escape-proof inner container (2); then the cultivation net cage (1) is hung and cultivated at a cultivation place.
8. The method for raising the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams by the net cages as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that: the size of the young clam of the solen olives is 0.8-1.2cm, and the breeding density of the young clam is 400-2。
9. The method for raising the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams by the net cages as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that: the mussel seedling hanging culture depth is 30-45 cm.
10. The method for raising the artificial culture recapture rate of the razor clams by the net cages as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that: the herbivorous and omnivorous fishes can be polycultured and intercropped in the breeding place.
CN202011132257.4A 2020-10-21 2020-10-21 Net cage for improving artificial culture recapture rate of solenopsis invicta and culture method thereof Active CN112335586B (en)

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