CN112332707B - Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration - Google Patents

Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112332707B
CN112332707B CN202011330275.3A CN202011330275A CN112332707B CN 112332707 B CN112332707 B CN 112332707B CN 202011330275 A CN202011330275 A CN 202011330275A CN 112332707 B CN112332707 B CN 112332707B
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base
sleeve
piezoelectric ceramic
power generation
generation device
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CN202011330275.3A
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CN112332707A (en
Inventor
周兴阁
周宇晨
钱思危
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/183Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators using impacting bodies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/181Circuits; Control arrangements or methods
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters

Abstract

The invention relates to a miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration, and belongs to the field of motors. The supporting main body comprises a base with a U-shaped structure and a stand column arranged on the base in the middle, the sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the stand column, and one end of the sleeve is connected with the base through a spring; a plurality of cantilever beams are uniformly distributed on the sleeve at equal intervals along the axial direction and symmetrically left and right, a plurality of base plates are uniformly distributed on two side plates of the base along the axial direction of the upright post, and the base plates on the side plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the cantilever beams on the left side and the right side of the sleeve and form an alternately arranged state; each substrate is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic piece, and a plurality of iron tips are distributed on each cantilever beam corresponding to each substrate at equal intervals; the energy collection circuit comprises a circuit board and a wire, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic plate are connected with the circuit board through the wire. The device has wide application range, small occupied space and safety and reliability.

Description

Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motors, and particularly relates to a miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration.
Background
In recent years, clean energy research has become a hotspot problem. Clean energy sources such as nuclear energy, wind energy, solar energy and water energy are well developed and utilized at present, mechanical energy is not paid attention to, vibration is used as a common mechanical energy expression form and is ubiquitous in daily life, and particularly, when machines are produced, the vibration often brings about larger energy loss.
With the rapid development of electronic information technology, wireless sensor technology plays an increasingly important role in modern high-tech technologies such as computer technology, wireless communication technology and the like. The wireless sensor technology mainly comprises sensor technology, information processing technology, network communication technology and the like. Wireless sensor technology plays a vital role in our industrial development and more irreplaceable in some risk-type industrial fields. However, the powering of wireless sensors remains a major problem.
Most of the current sensors still adopt a more traditional and inconvenient battery power supply mode, and the mode has the defects of short service life and frequent replacement. Vibration is less limited by environmental conditions. If vibration is used for providing energy for the sensor, the risk of replacing the battery can be avoided greatly, and the service life of the sensor can be prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a micro power generation device using impact vibration to collect impact vibration energy in the range of 50 to 100Hz in the environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration comprises a supporting main body, a movement mechanism, a cantilever beam, a substrate and an energy collection circuit; the support main body comprises a base and a stand column, the base is of a U-shaped structure, and the stand column is arranged on a bottom panel of the base in the middle; the motion mechanism comprises a sleeve and a spring, wherein the sleeve is coaxially sleeved outside the upright post, the inner wall surface of the sleeve is spaced from the outer peripheral surface of the upright post by a certain distance, and one end of the sleeve is connected with the bottom plate of the base through the spring.
A plurality of cantilever beams are distributed on the sleeve at equal intervals along the axis direction, and the cantilever beams are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the sleeve; along the axial direction of the upright post, a plurality of base plates are distributed on two side plates of the base at equal intervals, and the base plates on the side plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the cantilever beams on the left side and the right side of the sleeve and form an alternately arranged state; each substrate is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic piece, and a plurality of iron tips facing the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are distributed on each cantilever beam corresponding to each substrate at equal intervals; the energy collection circuit comprises a circuit board and a wire, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic plate are connected with the circuit board through the wire.
Further, an aluminum block matched with the iron tip is arranged on the piezoelectric ceramic piece.
Further, a storage cavity is arranged on the base, and two side panels of the base are respectively provided with a wire harness hole communicated with the storage cavity; the circuit board is arranged in the object placing cavity, and the lead penetrates into the wire harness hole.
Further, the storage cavity is arranged behind the bottom panel of the base.
Further, the base plate is detachably mounted on the side panel of the base through the connecting piece.
Further, the packaging structure also comprises a packaging body, wherein the packaging body is of a U-shaped structure matched with the base, and the packaging body and the base form a box body structure after being matched.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the application range is wide: vibration energy is ubiquitous in our lives, such as mechanical vibration in work, vibration caused by railways and highways when vehicles pass, vibration of bridges, etc., and these vibrations are often greatly related to the health status of vibrating objects, from which the health status can be inferred.
2. The occupied space is small: the product has small volume, is generally used for supplying power to electric appliances with small power consumption such as sensors, has small damage to the original environment because of small volume, can be used in places where batteries or lead wires are difficult to replace, and has small damage to the original building when used for building health detection such as bridge houses.
3. Safety and reliability: the spring is adopted to absorb and release energy, and meanwhile, the external impact vibration can be buffered, so that the risk that the substrate is damaged due to overlarge impact force is reduced.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole packaged device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main mechanism of the device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the relative positions of a spring, sleeve and cantilever beam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an assembled state of the support body and the base;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of tips on a single cantilever beam;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet and the aluminum block on a single substrate.
Reference numerals:
the device comprises a supporting main body 1, a moving mechanism 2, a cantilever beam 3, a substrate 4, a piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, a ferrite tip 6, an aluminum block 7 and a packaging body 8;
the support main body is: base 101, upright 102, bottom panel 1011, side panels 1012, storage cavity 1013, wire tie hole 1014;
the motion mechanism comprises: a sleeve 201 and a spring 202;
in the package: a front panel 801, a rear panel 802, and an upper top surface 803.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a micro power generation device using impact vibration includes a support body 1, a motion mechanism 2, a cantilever beam 3, a substrate 4, and an energy collection circuit; the support main body 1 comprises a base 101 and an upright post 102, wherein the base 101 is of a U-shaped structure, and the upright post 102 is centrally arranged on a bottom panel 1011 of the base; the moving mechanism 2 comprises a sleeve 201 and a spring 202, wherein the sleeve 201 is coaxially sleeved outside the upright post 102, the inner wall surface of the sleeve 201 is spaced from the outer peripheral surface of the upright post 102 by a certain distance, and one end of the sleeve 201 is connected with a bottom plate 1011 of the base through the spring 202.
A plurality of cantilever beams 3 are distributed on the sleeve 201 at equal intervals along the axis direction, and the cantilever beams 3 are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the sleeve 201; along the axial direction of the upright post 102, a plurality of base plates 4 are distributed on two side panels 1012 of the base 101 at equal intervals, and the base plates 4 on the side panels 1012 are in one-to-one correspondence with the cantilever beams 3 on the left side and the right side of the sleeve 201 and form an alternately arranged state; each substrate 4 is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, and a plurality of iron tips 6 facing the piezoelectric ceramic pieces 5 are distributed on each cantilever beam 3 corresponding to each substrate 4 at equal intervals; the energy collection circuit comprises a circuit board and leads, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 are connected with the circuit board through the leads.
In this device, a base 101 of a U-shaped structure is used as a mounting base, on which a column 102, a base plate 4, a movement mechanism 2 and an energy collecting circuit are mounted, and the column 102 is used for connection with a sleeve of the movement mechanism 2. The lower part of the upright post 102 is fixedly connected with the bottom panel 1011 of the base, and the outer surface of the upper part is in coaxial clearance fit with the sleeve 201 in the movement mechanism 2; the center of the sleeve 201 is provided with a section of hollow, so that the relative movement of the sleeve 201 and the upright post 102 in the axial direction can be realized, the upper top surface of the sleeve 201 is sealed, and the limiting and packaging effects can be realized. The upper end surface of the sleeve 201 is used to receive external impact vibration and transmit it downward. The upper end of the spring 202 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the sleeve 201, and the lower end of the spring 202 is fixedly connected with the base 101. The upright 102 can guide the movement direction of the sleeve 201, avoiding the movement of the sleeve 201 in the horizontal direction. The sleeve 201 is used to receive and transmit impact vibrations, and the spring 202 is used to store part of the energy and to reset the sleeve 201. When the upper part of the sleeve 201 receives impact vibration, the sleeve 201 moves downwards (towards the mounting end of the spring 202) with great acceleration, at this time, the cantilever beam 3 fixedly connected to the sleeve 201 moves downwards together, and the iron tip 6 on the cantilever beam 3 impacts (through the base plate 4) the piezoelectric ceramic plate 5 fixedly connected to the side panel 1012 of the base 101, and generates electric charges. The spring 202 can store part of energy and release the energy in a time-delay manner, so that the sleeve 201 can perform oscillatory motion, and the sleeve displacement and impact strength are limited, so that a certain protection effect is achieved.
The energy collecting circuit comprises a circuit board and a wire, wherein the wire is connected to the upper surface and the lower surface (namely the positive electrode surface and the negative electrode surface) of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 5 and is connected to the circuit board, the collected current is rectified, filtered and stabilized through the circuit board, and finally stable pulse direct current can be obtained, and power can be supplied to some miniature sensors through the direct current.
In the embodiment, there are eight cantilever beams 3 arranged on the sleeve 201, four cantilever beams are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the sleeve 201, one end of each cantilever beam 3 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 201, the other end is free, and the left side and the right side are symmetrically arranged; four iron tips 6 are arranged on each cantilever beam 3 at equal intervals, and the total of the iron tips is thirty-two; correspondingly, eight base plates 4 are arranged on two side panels 1012 of the base 101 in total, four base plates 4 are arranged on each side and are symmetrically arranged on two sides, one end of each base plate 4 is fixedly connected with the side panel 1012 of the base 101 in a welding/connecting piece connecting mode, and the other end of each base plate is free, so that a cantilever mounting mode is formed. Each support substrate 4 is stuck with a piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, and each piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 corresponds to the iron tip 6 on the cantilever beam 3 in a one-to-one correspondence and is distributed in a cross manner in the vertical direction (axial direction); thereby matching eight sets of "cantilever beams 3 and substrate 4". When the sleeve 201 receives impact vibration of the external environment, the cantilever beam 3 is driven to move downwards, so that the upper iron tip 6 of the cantilever beam impacts the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 below, and the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 generates electric charge through the piezoelectric effect.
Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5 is provided with an aluminum block 7 matched with the iron tip 6. Namely 4 aluminum blocks 7 are distributed on each piezoelectric ceramic plate 5 at equal intervals. When the iron tip 6 on the cantilever beam 3 impacts the aluminum block 7 on the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, the aluminum block 7 transfers the impact stress to the piezoelectric ceramic piece 5, so that the piezoelectric ceramic piece is prevented from being damaged.
In this embodiment, a storage cavity 1013 is arranged behind a bottom panel of the base 101, and two side panels 1012 of the base are provided with wire binding holes 1014 communicated with the storage cavity 1013; the circuit board is disposed in the housing 1013 with the wires passing through the wire harness holes 1014. Specifically, the wires are connected to the upper and lower surfaces of the piezoelectric ceramic plate 5, and are connected to the circuit board below the base through the wire harness holes 1014 (located inside the two side surfaces of the base), and the circuit board is further disposed in the object placing cavity 1013, which is not only beneficial to the storage and fixation of the wires, but also convenient for the packaging treatment of the whole device.
In this embodiment, one end of the base plate 4 is detachably mounted on the side panel of the base 101 in a cantilever manner through a connecting member, which may be a bolt or a screw.
In this embodiment, the packaging device further includes a packaging body 8, the packaging body 8 is a U-shaped structure matched with the base 101, and the packaging body 8 and the base 101 form a box structure after being matched. Specifically, the package 8 is a U-shaped member formed by combining a front panel 801, a rear panel 802 and an upper top surface 803, wherein a through hole penetrating through the sleeve 201 is formed in the upper top surface 803, the upper top surface 803 is correspondingly blocked on the opposite side of the bottom panel of the base 101, and the front panel 801 and the rear panel 802 are correspondingly blocked on the opposite side of the bottom panel of the base 101. The package 8 is connected to the base 101 by providing screw holes and screwing screws.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
impact vibration (such as impact of an automobile driving) in the environment is partially received through the sleeve 201, the sleeve 201 drives the cantilever beams 3 and the iron tips 6 fixedly connected to the sleeve 201 to move downwards at an acceleration, at this time, the springs 202 are gradually compressed, after the springs are lowered for a very short distance, the iron tips 6 on each cantilever beam 3 collide with the aluminum blocks 7 on the corresponding piezoelectric ceramic plates 5, the impact can cause the piezoelectric ceramic plates 5 to generate stress strain, positive and negative charges can be generated on the upper end face and the lower end face of the piezoelectric ceramic plates 5 by utilizing the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramics, and the generated charges can be stored by utilizing pulse direct current after being processed by the rectifying, filtering and voltage stabilizing circuit. When the spring 202 is compressed to the limit position, the spring 202 can rebound to drive the sleeve 201 and the cantilever beam 3 to move upwards, and after a period of time, the sleeve 201 and the cantilever beam 3 can be stabilized at the initial position, so that one working process of the whole device is completed.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
in an initial state, a spring in the motion mechanism, the sleeve and the cantilever beam are in a balanced state, and a certain interval is formed between a tip on the cantilever beam and an aluminum block on the piezoelectric ceramic plate, and the tip is not contacted with the aluminum block; the base and the outer package are in a stationary state, the upper end of the sleeve extends a certain length beyond the upper top surface 803 of the package, and relative movement between the sleeve and the package can be realized without fixation.
When the device works, when the sleeve receives impact vibration generated by the outside, the sleeve can generate downward instant acceleration motion in the vertical direction, the vertical displacement of the sleeve can drive eight cantilever beams which are fixedly connected with the sleeve and distributed in a bilateral symmetry mode to perform vertical acceleration motion, four iron tips are distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface of each cantilever beam at equal intervals, the iron tips move downwards to generate impact on aluminum blocks distributed on piezoelectric ceramic plates positioned on a substrate, the aluminum blocks transmit stress strain generated by the impact vibration to the piezoelectric ceramic plates, the piezoelectric ceramic plates on the upper surface of the substrate can generate positive and negative charges with opposite polarities on the upper surface and the lower surface by utilizing the piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric ceramic plates, the generated positive and negative charges are transmitted to a circuit board for circuit processing through a current mode by a wire welded on the upper surface and the lower surface, the circuit board rectifies and filters the input current, and the generated pulse direct current is stored in a battery after the voltage stabilizing processing and supplies power to a load.
The inside of the final product is completely packaged, and the whole internal system is connected with the outside only through the sleeve for transmitting external impact vibration, so that an internal mechanism can be well isolated from the outside, the internal mechanism is fully protected from being damaged, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A micro power generation device utilizing impact vibration, characterized in that: comprises a supporting main body, a movement mechanism, a cantilever beam, a substrate and an energy collection circuit; the support main body comprises a base and a stand column, the base is of a U-shaped structure, and the stand column is arranged on a bottom panel of the base in the middle; the moving mechanism comprises a sleeve and a spring, the sleeve is coaxially sleeved outside the upright post, the inner wall surface of the sleeve is spaced from the outer peripheral surface of the upright post by a certain distance, and one end of the sleeve is connected with the bottom plate of the base through the spring;
a plurality of cantilever beams are distributed on the sleeve at equal intervals along the axis direction, and the cantilever beams are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side of the sleeve; along the axial direction of the upright post, a plurality of base plates are distributed on two side plates of the base at equal intervals, and the base plates on the side plates are in one-to-one correspondence with the cantilever beams on the left side and the right side of the sleeve and form an alternately arranged state; each substrate is provided with a piezoelectric ceramic piece, and a plurality of iron tips facing the piezoelectric ceramic pieces are distributed on each cantilever beam corresponding to each substrate at equal intervals; the energy collection circuit comprises a circuit board and a wire, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the piezoelectric ceramic piece are connected with the circuit board through the wire;
an aluminum block matched with the iron tip is arranged on the piezoelectric ceramic piece;
the base is provided with a storage cavity, and two side panels of the base are provided with wire harness holes communicated with the storage cavity; the circuit board is arranged in the object placing cavity, and the lead penetrates into the wire harness hole.
2. The micro power generation device using impact vibration according to claim 1, wherein: the storage cavity is arranged behind the bottom panel of the base.
3. The micro power generation device using impact vibration according to claim 1, wherein: the base plate is detachably mounted on the side panel of the base through the connecting piece.
4. A micro power generation device using impact vibration according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the packaging structure also comprises a packaging body, wherein the packaging body is of a U-shaped structure matched with the base, and the packaging body and the base form a box structure after being matched.
CN202011330275.3A 2020-11-24 2020-11-24 Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration Active CN112332707B (en)

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CN112332707B true CN112332707B (en) 2024-03-22

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102510239A (en) * 2011-11-03 2012-06-20 南京航空航天大学 Composite vibration generator
CN204271949U (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-04-15 中国人民解放军63983部队 Pontoon bridge monitoring system is from maintaining cantilever piezoelectric power supply
CN206211878U (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-05-31 武汉理工大学 Road vibration energy harvesting system based on piezo-electric effect
CN106837670A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 河海大学 A kind of piezoelectric type wave energy generating set and offshore lighthouse electric power system
CN106906700A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-06-30 武汉理工大学 A kind of track vibration energy collecting device and a kind of track traffic illuminator
CN108718161A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-30 北京工业大学 A kind of novel piezoelectric electricity-generating floor
CN213402851U (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-06-08 重庆大学 Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102510239A (en) * 2011-11-03 2012-06-20 南京航空航天大学 Composite vibration generator
CN204271949U (en) * 2014-09-26 2015-04-15 中国人民解放军63983部队 Pontoon bridge monitoring system is from maintaining cantilever piezoelectric power supply
CN206211878U (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-05-31 武汉理工大学 Road vibration energy harvesting system based on piezo-electric effect
CN106906700A (en) * 2017-03-06 2017-06-30 武汉理工大学 A kind of track vibration energy collecting device and a kind of track traffic illuminator
CN106837670A (en) * 2017-03-24 2017-06-13 河海大学 A kind of piezoelectric type wave energy generating set and offshore lighthouse electric power system
CN108718161A (en) * 2018-05-31 2018-10-30 北京工业大学 A kind of novel piezoelectric electricity-generating floor
CN213402851U (en) * 2020-11-24 2021-06-08 重庆大学 Miniature power generation device utilizing impact vibration

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