CN116317693A - Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine - Google Patents

Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116317693A
CN116317693A CN202310486507.1A CN202310486507A CN116317693A CN 116317693 A CN116317693 A CN 116317693A CN 202310486507 A CN202310486507 A CN 202310486507A CN 116317693 A CN116317693 A CN 116317693A
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China
Prior art keywords
elastic beam
shell
piezoelectric
vibration
power machine
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Pending
Application number
CN202310486507.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹屹锋
王越海钦
穆胤学
马旋
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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Priority to CN202310486507.1A priority Critical patent/CN116317693A/en
Publication of CN116317693A publication Critical patent/CN116317693A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
    • H02N2/186Vibration harvesters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03GSPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/08Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K35/00Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K35/02Generators with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating coil system, magnet, armature or other part of the magnetic circuit with moving magnets and stationary coil systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of energy harvesting devices, and discloses a combined type vibration energy harvesting device of a power machine, which comprises a shell and a piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module, wherein the collecting module is arranged in the shell; the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module comprises an elastic beam, four piezoelectric ceramics, two magnets and a coil; each piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the upper surface of the elastic beam, each magnet is attached to the center of the piezoelectric ceramic, the axis of each magnet is parallel to the axis of the surface of the elastic beam, and the magnetic poles of the two magnets attract each other. The asymmetric spiral elastic beam used in the invention can increase the length of the elastic beam in a limited space, effectively reduce the stress of the fixed end under the same condition, effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration and prolong the service life of the device; the spiral elastic beam can be regarded as a plane spring, and besides the original natural frequency vibration energy can be collected, the working band of the device for recovering the energy is widened, and the application range and the energy harvesting efficiency of the device are improved.

Description

Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy harvesting devices, in particular to a composite vibration energy harvesting device of a power machine.
Background
Various power machines can generate intense low-frequency vibration in the running process. Typically, these vibrations tend to dissipate in the form of mechanical energy or the like, which is a widely stored, renewable clean energy source. If the vibration energy can be converted into electric energy through the energy harvesting device, the electric energy is supplied to the sensing equipment on the surface of the power machine, so that the wireless and self-powered sensing network can be realized. The sensor can effectively solve the problems of difficult wiring, extra energy input, large pollution to the battery, difficult battery replacement and the like of the traditional sensor, and can change waste into valuable, thereby realizing the recovery and reutilization of useless energy.
At present, four types of energy collection methods for small low-frequency vibration are mainly electrostatic, piezoelectric, electromagnetic and friction. The electrostatic energy collection technology has good integration characteristics, but the electrostatic energy collection technology needs to be externally applied with an initial voltage before generating electric energy, so that the application range of the electrostatic energy collection technology is limited, and the electrostatic energy collection technology is not widely applied. For piezoelectric energy harvesting technology, unimorph cantilevers are the most typical vibration energy harvesting structure, and have been studied more extensively. Although the energy conversion efficiency is high, the piezoelectric ceramic has larger brittleness and is easy to fatigue, so the service life is shorter. Electromagnetic energy harvesting technology has been widely used in many energy collectors. The cantilever beam type structure is more studied, but the problems of larger size of a magnet and a coil, lower output voltage and the like exist. The core components of the friction type energy collection technology are two materials with different friction electric sequences, and the friction type energy collection technology has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, light weight, high power density, high efficiency and the like.
In recent years, a compound energy collection technology has proved to be an effective way for realizing efficient acquisition of vibration energy, and by reasonably designing a device structure, the advantages of various power generation modes can be realized, and meanwhile, the space utilization rate is improved. At home and abroad scholars have contributed to numerous staged achievements in the field of composite vibration energy collection, various novel energy harvesting devices are continuously emerging, but the energy harvesting devices still face numerous problems: (1) The existing energy collection device adopting the two-end supporting elastic beams can realize better output in a specific frequency band, but the two-end supporting parts of the elastic beams can generate the phenomenon of overlarge stress, so that the fatigue of the device and the damage of a power generation module are easily caused, and the service life of the device is shortened; (2) Most energy collecting devices do not respond well to random and irregular environmental vibration, so that the collecting range of vibration energy is greatly reduced; how to improve the service life of the device and the response frequency band of the device on the premise of ensuring the high power output of the energy collecting device becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
The invention provides a composite vibration energy harvesting device of a power machine, which aims to solve the problems of stress concentration and short service life of a vibration energy harvesting device of a two-end fixedly-supported elastic beam applied to the power machine and the problem of weak response of the vibration energy harvesting device to random irregular vibration.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the composite vibration energy harvesting device of the power machine comprises a shell and a piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module, wherein the collecting module is arranged in the shell; the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module comprises an elastic beam, four piezoelectric ceramics, two magnets and a coil; each piezoelectric ceramic is attached to the upper surface of the elastic beam, each magnet is attached to the central position of the piezoelectric ceramic, the axis of each magnet is parallel to the axis of the surface of the elastic beam, the magnetic poles of the two magnets attract each other, the two coils are respectively arranged in coil frames of the upper shell and the lower shell, and the axes of the magnets are coaxial and collinear with the axes of the coils; the friction type vibration collecting module is arranged at the inner corner of the lower shell, each energy harvesting device is provided with a plurality of friction type vibration collecting modules, each friction type vibration collecting module comprises two end covers and a cylinder, two copper sheets and a small ball, the copper sheets are embedded in the end covers, the two end covers are respectively embedded at two ends of the cylinder, one end cover is connected with the lower shell, and the small ball is arranged in the cylinder. When the shell is excited by external vibration, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module moves in the shell under the action of gravity and inertia, and the elastic beam is fixed by the elastic beam mounting groove, so that the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module can only receive vertical excitation and is converted into elastic beam deformation and vertical movement of the magnet, thereby leading piezoelectric ceramics to generate electric energy under pressure and completing piezoelectric power generation; the magnetic flux of the coil is changed to generate electric energy, so that electromagnetic power generation is completed; the external vibration excitation received by the shell can be transmitted to the friction type vibration collecting module through the lower shell, so that the small ball moves up and down under the action of gravity and inertia, and due to the action of the cylinder, the small ball can only move vertically, and the small ball is continuously contacted with copper sheets at the upper side and the lower side, so that surface charges are continuously transferred, and friction power generation is completed. The device combines friction power generation, piezoelectric power generation and electromagnetic power generation, and converts vibration energy in the external environment into electric energy more efficiently.
Preferably, the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are symmetrically arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper shell and the lower shell are fixedly connected by adopting an adhesive.
Preferably, the outer surface of the upper shell is provided with a wire guide hole leading to the inner surface so as to lead wires out, and the inner surface is provided with a wire guide groove leading to the wire guide hole; coil formers are arranged in the upper shell and the lower shell so as to facilitate the installation and fixation of coils.
Preferably, the inner surface of the lower housing is provided with a wire slot leading to the wire guide;
preferably, the outer surface of the lower shell is provided with four mounting holes, and the four mounting holes penetrate through the mounting holes of the lower shell through studs and are locked and fixed through screws;
preferably, the elastic beam and the elastic beam fixing groove are fixedly connected by using an adhesive.
Preferably, the piezoelectric ceramic, the magnet and the elastic beam are fixedly connected by using an adhesive.
Preferably, the coil and the coil frame are fixedly connected by using an adhesive.
Preferably, the end cover is fixedly connected with the lower shell by using an adhesive, the cylinder is fixedly connected with the end cover by friction force, the copper sheet is fixedly connected with the end cover by using the adhesive, and the small balls are freely placed in the cylinder.
(III) beneficial effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a composite vibration energy harvester of a power machine, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the asymmetric spiral elastic beam used in the invention can increase the length of the elastic beam in a limited space, effectively reduce the stress of the fixed end under the same condition, effectively avoid the problem of stress concentration and prolong the service life of the device; the spiral elastic beam can be regarded as a plane spring, and besides the original natural frequency vibration energy can be collected, the working band of the device for recovering the energy is widened, and the application range and the energy harvesting efficiency of the device are improved.
2. In the invention, the elastic beam moves in the shell in response to external vibration energy, and the magnet on the elastic beam is used as a balancing weight to amplify the movement of the elastic beam and cause the change of magnetic flux in the coil to generate induced electromotive force, thereby completing electromagnetic power generation, forming composite energy output and improving the energy harvesting efficiency of the device.
3. According to the friction type vibration collecting module, the idle space of the device is utilized, and the space utilization rate of the device is improved. The friction type vibration collecting module is introduced to effectively overcome the defect that the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module is insufficient in energy collecting capacity beyond a working frequency band and poor in response to random vibration, and the efficiency of the device for collecting vibration energy in the environment is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module; 3. a friction type vibration collection module; 11. an upper housing; 12. a lower housing; 21. an elastic beam; 22. piezoelectric ceramics; 23. a magnet; 24. a coil; 31. an end cap; 32. a cylinder; 33. copper sheets; 34. a pellet; 111. a wire guide; 112. a coil former; 113. a wire groove; 121. a mounting hole; 122. and an elastic beam fixing groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the present application discloses a composite vibration energy harvester of a power machine, including: a housing 1; a piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module 2, the collection module 2 being mounted within the housing 1; the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module 2 includes an elastic beam 21, four piezoelectric ceramics 22, two magnets 23, and a coil 24; each piezoelectric ceramic 22 is attached to the upper surface of the elastic beam 21, each magnet 23 is attached to the center position of the piezoelectric ceramic, the axis of each magnet 23 is parallel to the axis of the surface of the elastic beam 21, the magnetic poles of the two magnets 23 attract each other, the two coils 24 are respectively arranged in the coil frames 112 of the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12, and the axes of the magnets 23 are coaxial and collinear with the axes of the coils 24; the friction type vibration collecting module 3 is installed at the inner corner of the lower housing 12, each energy harvesting device is provided with a plurality of friction type vibration collecting modules 3, each friction type vibration collecting module comprises two end covers 31, a cylinder 32, two copper sheets 33 and a small ball 34, the copper sheets 33 are embedded in the end covers 31, the two end covers 31 are respectively embedded at two ends of the cylinder 32, one end cover 31 is connected with the lower housing 12, and the small ball 34 is placed in the cylinder 32. When the shell 1 is excited by external vibration, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module 2 moves in the shell 1 under the action of gravity and inertia, and the elastic beam 21 is fixed by the elastic beam mounting groove 122, so that only vertical excitation can be received and converted into deformation of the elastic beam 21 and vertical movement of the magnet 23, thereby leading the piezoelectric ceramic 22 to generate electric energy under pressure and completing piezoelectric power generation; the magnetic flux of the coil 24 is changed to generate electric energy, so that electromagnetic power generation is completed; the external vibration excitation of the shell 1 is transmitted to the friction vibration collecting module 3 through the lower shell 12, so that the small balls 34 move up and down under the action of gravity and inertia, and the small balls 34 can only move vertically due to the action of the cylinder 32, and the small balls 34 are continuously contacted with the copper sheets 33 on the upper side and the lower side, so that surface charges are continuously transferred, and friction power generation is completed. The device combines friction power generation, piezoelectric power generation and electromagnetic power generation, and converts vibration energy in the external environment into electric energy more efficiently.
In the present embodiment, the housing 1 includes an upper housing 11 and a lower housing 12 symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction, and the upper housing 11 and the lower housing 12 are fixedly connected by an adhesive.
The outer surface of the upper housing 11 is provided with a wire guide 111 leading to the inner surface for leading out the wires, and the inner surface is provided with a wire guide groove 113 leading to the wire guide 111; the interiors of the upper and lower cases 11 and 12 are provided with a bobbin 112 to facilitate the installation and fixation of the coil 24.
The inner surface of the lower housing 12 is provided with a wire groove 113 leading to the wire hole 111;
four mounting holes 121 are formed in the outer surface, pass through the mounting holes 121 of the lower shell 12 through studs, and are locked and fixed through screws;
the elastic beam mounting groove 122 is used to fix the elastic beam 21. The vibration energy collecting mechanism therein is protected by the housing 1 and vibration energy from the outside is transmitted.
In the present embodiment, the elastic beam 21 and the elastic beam fixing groove 122 are fixedly coupled using an adhesive. The piezoelectric ceramic 22, the magnet 23 and the elastic beam 21 are fixedly connected by using an adhesive. The coil 24 is fixedly connected to the bobbin 112 using an adhesive.
In this embodiment, the end cap 31 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 12 by using an adhesive, the cylinder 32 is fixedly connected to the end cap 31 by friction, the copper sheet 33 is fixedly connected to the end cap 31 by using an adhesive, and the pellets 34 are freely placed in the cylinder 32.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a compound vibration energy harvesting device of power machinery, includes shell (1), piezoelectricity-electromagnetic vibration collection module (2), its characterized in that: the collecting module (2) is arranged in the shell (1); the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collection module (2) comprises an elastic beam (21), four piezoelectric ceramics (22), two magnets (23) and a coil (24); each piezoelectric ceramic (22) is attached to the upper surface of the elastic beam (21), each magnet (23) is attached to the center position of the piezoelectric ceramic, the axis of each magnet (23) is parallel to the axis of the surface of the elastic beam (21), the magnetic poles of the two magnets (23) attract each other, the two coils (24) are respectively arranged in the coil frames (112) of the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12), and the axes of the magnets (23) are coaxial and collinear with the axes of the coils (24); the friction type vibration collecting module (3) is arranged at the inner corner of the lower shell (12), each energy harvesting device is provided with a plurality of friction type vibration collecting modules (3), each friction type vibration collecting module comprises two end covers (31), a cylinder (32), two copper sheets (33) and a small ball (34), the copper sheets (33) are embedded in the end covers (31), the two end covers (31) are respectively embedded at two ends of the cylinder (32), one end cover (31) is connected with the lower shell (12), and the small ball (34) is arranged in the cylinder (32); when the shell (1) is excited by external vibration, the piezoelectric-electromagnetic vibration collecting module (2) moves in the shell (1) under the action of gravity and inertia, and as the elastic beam (21) is fixed by the elastic beam mounting groove (122), only vertical excitation can be received and converted into deformation of the elastic beam (21) and vertical movement of the magnet (23), so that the piezoelectric ceramic (22) is pressed to generate electric energy, and piezoelectric power generation is completed; the magnetic flux of the coil (24) is changed to generate electric energy, so that electromagnetic power generation is completed; external vibration excitation received by the shell (1) can be transmitted to the friction type vibration collecting module (3) through the lower shell (12), so that the small balls (34) move up and down under the action of gravity and inertia, and due to the action of the cylinder (32), the small balls (34) can only move vertically, and the small balls (34) are continuously contacted with copper sheets (33) on the upper side and the lower side, so that surface charges are continuously transferred, and friction power generation is completed.
2. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the shell (1) comprises an upper shell (11) and a lower shell (12) which are symmetrically arranged along the vertical direction, and the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12) are fixedly connected by adopting an adhesive.
3. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the upper shell (11) is provided with a wire guide (111) which leads to the inner surface so as to lead out wires, and the inner surface is provided with a wire guide groove (113) which leads to the wire guide (111).
4. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: coil formers (112) are arranged in the upper shell (11) and the lower shell (12) so as to facilitate the installation and fixation of coils (24).
5. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: four mounting holes (121) are formed in the outer surface of the lower shell (12), and the screw bolts penetrate through the mounting holes (121) of the lower shell (12) and are locked and fixed through screws.
6. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the elastic beam (21) is fixedly connected with the elastic beam fixing groove (122) by using an adhesive.
7. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the piezoelectric ceramics (22), the magnet (23) and the elastic beam (21) are fixedly connected by using an adhesive.
8. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the coil (24) is fixedly connected with the coil frame (112) by using an adhesive.
9. The power machine compound vibration energy harvester of claim 1, wherein: the end cover (31) is fixedly connected with the lower shell (12) through an adhesive, the cylinder (32) is fixedly connected with the end cover (31) through friction, the copper sheet (33) is fixedly connected with the end cover (31) through the adhesive, and the small balls (34) are freely placed in the cylinder (32).
CN202310486507.1A 2023-04-28 2023-04-28 Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine Pending CN116317693A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310486507.1A CN116317693A (en) 2023-04-28 2023-04-28 Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310486507.1A CN116317693A (en) 2023-04-28 2023-04-28 Combined vibration energy harvester of power machine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116317693A true CN116317693A (en) 2023-06-23

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117431790A (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-01-23 西南石油大学 Self-adaptive steel rail vibration absorber capable of efficiently recycling broadband vibration energy
CN117890050A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-16 中北大学 Self-driven composite multi-source vibration sensor suitable for aircraft

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117431790A (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-01-23 西南石油大学 Self-adaptive steel rail vibration absorber capable of efficiently recycling broadband vibration energy
CN117431790B (en) * 2023-12-20 2024-03-26 西南石油大学 Self-adaptive steel rail vibration absorber capable of efficiently recycling broadband vibration energy
CN117890050A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-16 中北大学 Self-driven composite multi-source vibration sensor suitable for aircraft

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