CN112326422A - In-situ mechanical property testing platform based on optical microscope - Google Patents
In-situ mechanical property testing platform based on optical microscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN112326422A CN112326422A CN202011108175.6A CN202011108175A CN112326422A CN 112326422 A CN112326422 A CN 112326422A CN 202011108175 A CN202011108175 A CN 202011108175A CN 112326422 A CN112326422 A CN 112326422A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D27/00—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
- G05D27/02—Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on an optical microscope, which comprises a temperature and humidity control unit, a leveling unit, a mechanical testing unit, a clamping unit and a control unit, wherein the temperature and humidity control unit, the leveling unit, the mechanical testing unit and the clamping unit are arranged on a bottom plate and connected with an objective table of the optical microscope. The invention combines the imaging characteristics of an optical microscope to accurately stretch and control a sample with a characteristic dimension in centimeter level; an optical three-degree-of-freedom displacement platform is used for ensuring the sample to be horizontal, the imaging alignment precision is high, and the optical three-degree-of-freedom displacement platform is combined with the imaging of a microscope camera to perform in-situ mechanical testing of tensile loading on the material from a micro/meso scale; the method is widely applicable to imaging systems such as a common optical microscope, an inverted fluorescence microscope, a confocal microscope and the like; the device is particularly suitable for microscopic in-situ mechanical testing of soft materials and biological tissue materials; the integrated quick button operation has the characteristics of light weight, small volume, stable work and flexible and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microscopic experimental mechanical testing, and particularly relates to an in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on an optical microscope.
Background
The microscopic in-situ mechanical testing method combining the mechanical loading device and the direct imaging observation has important significance for understanding the deformation mechanism of the material. The in-situ mechanical test method is characterized in that a microscopic imaging instrument is utilized to perform mechanical property test on a tested piece and simultaneously perform continuous real-time analysis on the tested piece, mechanical property parameters of a sample are combined with a microscopic morphology result collected by the microscopic imaging instrument, the relation between the mechanical property parameters of the material and the microscopic morphology is researched, the real-time dynamic measurement can be performed on the process of microscopic deformation, damage and failure damage of the material, and therefore the mechanical behavior and the deformation damage mechanism of the material are researched.
In-situ mechanical loading devices are generally integrated and small, and are mechanically characterized in combination with other imaging devices, such as optical microscopes, Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM), projection electron microscopes (TEM), and Computed Tomography (CT) instruments. The optical microscope has the characteristics of high imaging speed, wide field range, low requirement on operating environment and the like, is suitable for observing living cells and biological tissues, is widely applied to the field of in-situ mechanical testing, particularly has good spatial resolution and three-dimensional imaging capability on optical transparent materials, and widens the application range of the optical imaging method in the field of in-situ mechanical testing and analysis. And (3) combining the imaging instrument to obtain images of the sample in the processes of loading and failure evolution, and further characterizing the sample by using non-contact measurement analysis technologies such as Digital Image Correlation (DIC).
In China, a paper that a home position stretching device is used for testing the mechanical property of a material and observing and analyzing the microstructure of the material in real time is published, the home position stretching-based mechanical device is developed and applied to a certain extent, and most of the current developments expand the range of a test sample to the front-edge subject field, so that soft material samples such as biological tissues, hydrogel, flexible electronic devices and the like are tested. Among them, the fluorescence microscope is one of the most widely used tools for soft material in-situ mechanical observation at present, and is widely used in medical science, biology, materials science and other disciplines.
In-situ tensile mechanical testing experiments combined with optical microscopy, one of the most important challenges is: the optical microscope imaging has high levelness for clamping a sample, particularly, the soft material deforms in the thickness direction in the clamping process, the interference of the soft material on the imaging quality caused by the clamping deformation is difficult to offset, and meanwhile, biological samples such as living cells and the like need to be observed and detected within a certain temperature and a proper range, so that the stretching system has the technical requirements of constant temperature and constant humidity. The conventional experimental platform of the inverted fluorescence microscope cannot meet the requirement.
In summary, an in-situ mechanical property test platform capable of being combined with an optical microscopic imaging device is developed, the optical imaging requirement is met, the control of environmental factors such as temperature and humidity is realized, a high-quality image is obtained on a micro-microscopic scale, and the in-situ mechanical property test platform has important significance for in-situ test research on the mechanical property of soft materials.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing in-situ loading device for optical imaging cannot eliminate the influence of clamping micro deformation of a soft material sample on imaging and is difficult to control the temperature and the humidity with high precision in a narrow cavity, the invention provides an in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on an optical microscope, which is used for carrying out uniaxial tension and compression tests on the soft material sample under the optical microscope and carrying out in-situ micro mechanical characterization through a digital image processing technology, and the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an in-situ mechanical property test platform based on an optical microscope is characterized by comprising a temperature and humidity control unit, a leveling unit, a clamping unit, a mechanical test unit and a control unit, wherein the temperature and humidity control unit, the leveling unit, the clamping unit, the mechanical test unit and the control unit are arranged on a bottom plate and connected with an objective table of the optical microscope,
the bottom plate is combined with the objective table of the optical microscope; one end of the clamping unit is connected with the leveling unit, and the other end of the clamping unit is connected with the mechanical testing unit;
the temperature and humidity control unit is used for adjusting the temperature and the humidity of the environment where a sample is located, and comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a ceramic heating plate, a first sealing shell, a sliding rail, a second sealing shell, a humidifier air guide pipe and a temperature and humidity controller, wherein the first sealing shell and the second sealing shell are matched with an objective table of the optical microscope and are sealed to form a closed environment box, and the environment box can be opened and closed by being arranged on the bottom plate through the sliding rail and sliding towards two sides along the sliding rail; the sensing surface of the temperature and humidity sensor is upwards arranged on the bottom plate, and output signals are output to the temperature and humidity controller; the four ceramic heating plates are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the tops of the first sealed shell and the second sealed shell in parallel; the humidifier air duct comprises a dry air inlet pipe and a humid air inlet pipe and is arranged on one side of the first sealing shell; the temperature and humidity controller controls the ceramic heating sheet and the humidifier gas guide tube;
the leveling unit is used for levelness detection and sample leveling and comprises a three-degree-of-freedom translation table and a miniature camera, wherein the top and the bottom of the three-degree-of-freedom translation table are respectively connected with a first clamp and the bottom plate, the miniature camera is used for combining sample side imaging and optical microscope imaging to check the levelness of sample clamping, and the three-degree-of-freedom translation table is finely adjusted to ensure the levelness of the clamped sample;
the clamping unit comprises a first clamp and a second clamp and is used for clamping a sample;
the mechanical testing unit is used for stretching or compressing a sample and comprises a second clamp, a coupler, an external tension sensor and a miniature servo electric cylinder, wherein the second clamp is connected with the external tension sensor and is connected to the miniature servo electric cylinder arranged on the bottom plate through the coupler; the miniature servo electric cylinder is used as a driving element to provide accurate displacement, and when the miniature servo electric cylinder is used for carrying out a stretching and compressing experiment on a sample, the external tension sensor can collect tension or pressure applied to the sample in real time to realize in-situ measurement;
the control unit comprises a micro servo electric cylinder driver, a direct-current power supply, a programmable logic controller and a quick button which are integrated in an integrated control box, wherein the direct-current power supply supplies power to the micro servo electric cylinder driver and the programmable logic controller;
the mechanical property test platform comprises the following working processes: the mechanical property testing platform is arranged on an objective table of the optical microscope, and the miniature servo electric cylinder is reset through the quick button to reach a position for clamping a sample; clamping two ends of a sample on the first clamp and the second clamp respectively, and fixing the two ends of the sample by screws; observing the levelness of the sample through the miniature camera, and leveling the sample by adjusting the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage; closing the first sealed shell and the second sealed shell, and opening the temperature and humidity control unit to regulate the temperature and humidity in the platform; the programmable logic controller is controlled by a computer to control the speed and distance of the miniature servo electric cylinder, the quick button is pressed to start testing, and the optical microscope imaging and the external tension sensor are matched to acquire data in real time to realize in-situ mechanical testing of a sample; once the miniature servo electric cylinder fails, the optical microscope can be prevented from being damaged by accidents through the emergency brake of the quick button.
Further, the inner walls of the first sealed shell and the second sealed shell are provided with the tin paper layers.
Furthermore, the sample clamping parts of the first clamp and the second clamp respectively comprise an upper chuck and a lower chuck, the surfaces of the upper chuck and the lower chuck are respectively provided with a thread to prevent the sample from sliding, and the sample is clamped between the first clamp and the second clamp through a screw.
Furthermore, the external tension sensor is an S-shaped sensor.
Furthermore, the maximum range of the external tension sensor is not less than 50N, and the accuracy is not less than 0.01N.
Furthermore, the temperature and humidity sensor is a digital signal temperature and humidity sensor, and the temperature and humidity controller is an open-source electronic prototype control platform.
Further, the miniature camera is a miniature camera with a lens diameter smaller than 10 mm.
Further, the miniature servo electric cylinder is a miniature servo electric cylinder with the maximum stroke not less than 50mm and the movement precision not less than 0.02 mm.
Further, the size of the mechanical performance testing platform is matched with the size of an object stage of the optical microscope, and the size of the mechanical performance testing platform is smaller than 500mm multiplied by 180mm multiplied by 100 mm.
Further, the three-degree-of-freedom translation table is an LD4-LM type optical three-coordinate precision micro-motion platform, the type of the external tension sensor is a Werwise WD-50 type external tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity controller is an Arduino Uno, the ceramic heating sheet is an MCH alumina ceramic heating sheet, the type of the programmable logic controller is Siemens S7-226CN, the miniature camera is an F150 type coil camera, and the miniature servo electric cylinder is an RCA2-TWA4NA-I-20-50-A1-S-K2 type electric cylinder which is a product of IAI company.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the micro servo electric cylinder is controlled by the programmable logic controller, and based on the high precision of the micro servo electric cylinder, the stretching/compressing stroke of not less than 50mm and the stretching/compressing precision of not less than +/-0.02 mm can be obtained;
2. the in-situ mechanical property testing platform is directly arranged on an optical microscope objective table, and the optical microscope images a sample in real time to realize in-situ mechanical measurement of the sample;
3. the first clamp is connected to the three-degree-of-freedom translation table and is matched with the miniature camera to level the sample, so that the imaging quality of the optical microscope on the sample can be improved;
4. according to the invention, the environment in the system is regulated through the closed shell and the temperature and humidity control system, so that the temperature control with the precision of not less than +/-1 ℃ in the range of 25-50 ℃ and the humidity control with the precision of not less than +/-5% in the range of 20-80% RH can be realized, and the requirements of different test experiments on the environment temperature and humidity can be met.
Drawings
In order to illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings which are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly by referring to the drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of these drawings without any inventive effort. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal overall structure of the mechanical testing platform of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a control unit of the mechanical testing platform of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the present invention (except for the sealed housing, miniature camera, ceramic heater chip and humidifier airway);
FIG. 4 is a top view of the present invention (except for the sealed housing, miniature camera, ceramic heater chip and humidifier airway);
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a leveling unit of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a temperature and humidity control unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a detail view of the clamp of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-a bottom plate; 2-a temperature and humidity sensor; 3-three degree-of-freedom translation stage; 4-ceramic heating plates; 5-a first sealed housing; 6-a first clamp; 7-sample; 8-a slide rail; 9-a second clamp; 10-external tension sensor; 11-a coupling; 12-a miniature servo electric cylinder; 13-a second sealed housing; 14-a miniature camera; 15-humidifier airway; 16-an integrated control box; 17-a miniature servo electric cylinder driver; 18-a direct current power supply; 19-a programmable logic controller; 20-quick button.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on the optical microscope is suitable for micro-nano in-situ mechanical loading of novel functional soft materials and organisms, and is combined with optical microscope imaging to carry out in-situ mechanical measurement of high-resolution and high-precision measurement.
The device of the present invention is further illustrated by taking a confocal laser microscope as an example. As shown in fig. 1-4, an in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on an optical microscope comprises a temperature and humidity control unit, a leveling unit, a clamping unit, a mechanical testing unit and a control unit, wherein the temperature and humidity control unit, the leveling unit, the clamping unit, the mechanical testing unit and the control unit are arranged on a bottom plate 1 and connected with an objective table of a laser confocal optical microscope,
the bottom plate 1 is combined with an objective table of a laser confocal optical microscope; one end of the clamping unit is connected with the leveling unit, and the other end of the clamping unit is connected with the mechanical testing unit;
as shown in fig. 6, the temperature and humidity control unit is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of the environment where the sample is located, and includes a temperature and humidity sensor 2, a ceramic heating plate 4, a first sealing housing 5, a slide rail 8, a second sealing housing 13, a humidifier air duct 15, and a temperature and humidity controller (not shown), wherein the first sealing housing 5 and the second sealing housing 13 are matched with the stage of the laser confocal microscope and sealed to form a sealed environment box, and are mounted on the bottom plate 1 through the slide rail 8, and can slide to both sides along the slide rail 8 to open and close the environment box; the temperature and humidity sensor 2 is installed on the bottom plate 1 with the sensing surface facing upwards, and outputs signals to a temperature and humidity controller (not shown); the four ceramic heating plates 4 are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the tops of the first sealed shell 5 and the second sealed shell 13 in parallel; the humidifier air duct 15 comprises a dry air inlet pipe and a humid air inlet pipe and is arranged on one side of the first sealing shell 5; a temperature and humidity controller (not shown) controls the ceramic heating plate 4 and the humidifier air duct 15;
as shown in fig. 5, the leveling unit is used for levelness detection and leveling of a sample, and includes a three-degree-of-freedom translation stage 3 and a miniature camera 14, wherein the top and the bottom of the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage 3 are respectively connected with a first clamp 6 and a bottom plate 1, the miniature camera 14 is used for combining side imaging of the sample and imaging of a laser confocal optical microscope to check the levelness of the sample clamped, and the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage 3 is finely adjusted to ensure the levelness of the clamped sample;
the clamping unit comprises a first clamp 6 and a second clamp 9 for clamping the sample;
the mechanical testing unit is used for stretching or compressing a sample and comprises a second clamp 9, a coupler 11, an external tension sensor 10 and a miniature servo electric cylinder 12, wherein the second clamp 9 is connected with the external tension sensor 10 and is connected to the miniature servo electric cylinder 12 arranged on the bottom plate 1 through the coupler 11; the miniature servo electric cylinder 12 is used as a driving element to provide accurate displacement, and when the miniature servo electric cylinder 12 is used for carrying out a stretching and compressing experiment on a sample, the external tension sensor 10 can collect tension or pressure applied to the sample in real time to realize in-situ measurement;
the control unit comprises a micro servo electric cylinder driver 17, a direct current power supply 18, a programmable logic controller 19 and a quick button 20 which are integrated in the integrated control box 16, wherein the direct current power supply 18 supplies power for the micro servo electric cylinder driver 17 and the programmable logic controller 19, the quick button 20 is connected with the input end of the programmable logic controller 19 and provides a control signal, and the output end of the programmable logic controller 19 is connected with the micro servo electric cylinder driver 17 and provides a pulse signal;
the working process of the mechanical property testing platform is as follows: the mechanical property testing platform is arranged on an objective table of a laser confocal optical microscope, and the miniature servo electric cylinder 12 is reset through the quick button 20 to reach a position for clamping a sample; respectively clamping two ends of a sample on a first clamp 6 and a second clamp 9, and fixing by screws; observing the levelness of the sample through a miniature camera 14, and leveling the sample by adjusting the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage 3; closing the first sealed shell 5 and the second sealed shell 13, and starting the temperature and humidity control unit to regulate the temperature and humidity in the platform; the programmable logic controller 19 is controlled by a computer to control the speed and distance of the miniature servo electric cylinder 12, a quick button 20 is pressed to start testing, and the in-situ mechanical testing of the sample is realized by matching with the laser confocal optical microscope imaging and the external tension sensor 10 to acquire data in real time; once the micro servo electric cylinder 12 fails, the micro servo electric cylinder can be emergently braked by the quick button 20, so that the microscope is prevented from being damaged by accidents.
The inner walls of the first and second sealed housings 5, 13 are provided with a layer of tinfoil.
As shown in fig. 7, the sample clamping portions of the first clamp 6 and the second clamp 9 each include an upper chuck and a lower chuck, the surfaces of the upper chuck and the lower chuck are provided with threads to prevent the sample from sliding, and the sample is clamped between the first clamp 6 and the second clamp 9 by screws.
In some embodiments, the external tension sensor 10 is an S-type sensor, the maximum range is not less than 50N, and the accuracy is not less than 0.01N; in some embodiments, the external strain sensor 10 is a scale WD-50 external strain sensor.
In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensor 2 is a digital signal temperature and humidity sensor, and the temperature and humidity controller (not shown) is an open-source electronic prototype control platform; in some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensor 2 is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, and the temperature and humidity controller (not shown) is Arduino Uno.
In some embodiments, the miniature camera 14 is a miniature camera with a lens diameter of less than 10 mm; in some embodiments, the miniature camera 14 is an F150 coil camera.
In some embodiments, the micro servo electric cylinder 12 is a micro servo electric cylinder with a maximum stroke of not less than 50mm and a motion precision of not less than 0.02 mm; in some embodiments, the miniature servo electric cylinder 12 is an electric cylinder of model RCA2-TWA4NA-I-20-50-A1-S-K2, available from IAI corporation.
In some embodiments, the mechanical property testing platform is matched with the stage of the laser confocal optical microscope in size, and the size of the mechanical property testing platform is less than 500mm x 180mm x 100 mm; in some embodiments, the mechanical property testing platform has dimensions of 420mm x 156mm x 86 mm.
In some embodiments, the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage 3 is an LD4-LM type optical three-coordinate precision micro-motion platform, the programmable logic controller 19 is Siemens S7-226CN, and the ceramic heating plate 4 is an MCH alumina ceramic heating plate.
The invention combines the imaging characteristics of an optical microscope to accurately control the stretching of a sample with a characteristic dimension in centimeter level; the optical three-degree-of-freedom displacement platform 3 is used for ensuring the sample 7 to be horizontal, the imaging alignment precision is high, and the optical three-degree-of-freedom displacement platform is combined with an optical microscope and the imaging of a miniature camera 14 to carry out in-situ mechanical test of tensile loading on the material from a micro/meso scale; the system can be widely applied to imaging systems such as a common optical microscope, an inverted fluorescence microscope, a confocal microscope and the like; a built-in environment temperature and humidity control unit adjusts the temperature and humidity of the environment where the sample 7 is located; the device is particularly suitable for microscopic in-situ mechanical testing of soft materials and biological tissue materials; the integrated quick button 20 has the advantages of light weight, small volume, stable work and flexible and convenient operation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The term "plurality" means two or more unless expressly limited otherwise.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An in-situ mechanical property test platform based on an optical microscope is characterized by comprising a temperature and humidity control unit, a leveling unit, a clamping unit, a mechanical test unit and a control unit, wherein the temperature and humidity control unit, the leveling unit, the clamping unit, the mechanical test unit and the control unit are arranged on a bottom plate (1) and connected with an objective table of the optical microscope,
the base plate (1) is combined with the objective table of the optical microscope; one end of the clamping unit is connected with the leveling unit, and the other end of the clamping unit is connected with the mechanical testing unit;
the temperature and humidity control unit is used for adjusting the temperature and humidity of an environment where a sample is located and comprises a temperature and humidity sensor (2), a ceramic heating sheet (4), a first sealing shell (5), a sliding rail (8), a second sealing shell (13), a humidifier air guide pipe (15) and a temperature and humidity controller, wherein the first sealing shell (5) and the second sealing shell (13) are matched with an objective table of the optical microscope and are sealed to form a closed environment box, and the temperature and humidity control unit is installed on the bottom plate (1) through the sliding rail (8) and can slide towards two sides along the sliding rail (8) to open and close the environment box; the sensing surface of the temperature and humidity sensor (2) is upwards arranged on the bottom plate (1), and output signals are output to the temperature and humidity controller; the four ceramic heating plates (4) are uniformly distributed on the inner walls of the tops of the first sealed shell (5) and the second sealed shell (13) in parallel; the humidifier air guide pipe (15) comprises a dry air inlet pipe and a humid air inlet pipe and is arranged on one side of the first sealing shell (5); the temperature and humidity controller controls the ceramic heating plate (4) and the humidifier air duct (15);
the leveling unit is used for levelness detection and sample leveling and comprises a three-degree-of-freedom translation table (3) and a miniature camera (14), wherein the top and the bottom of the three-degree-of-freedom translation table (3) are respectively connected with a first clamp (6) and the base plate (1), the sample clamping levelness is checked by combining sample side imaging and optical microscope imaging through the miniature camera (14), the three-degree-of-freedom translation table (3) is finely adjusted, and the sample clamping levelness is ensured;
the clamping unit comprises a first clamp (6) and a second clamp (9) for clamping a sample;
the mechanical testing unit is used for stretching or compressing a sample and comprises a second clamp (9), a coupler (11), an external tension sensor (10) and a miniature servo electric cylinder (12), wherein the second clamp (9) is connected with the external tension sensor (10) and is connected to the miniature servo electric cylinder (12) arranged on the bottom plate (1) through the coupler (11); the miniature servo electric cylinder (12) is used as a driving element to provide accurate displacement, and when the miniature servo electric cylinder (12) is used for carrying out a tensile compression experiment on a sample, the external tension sensor (10) can collect tension or pressure applied to the sample in real time to realize in-situ measurement;
the control unit comprises a micro servo electric cylinder driver (17), a direct current power supply (18), a programmable logic controller (19) and a quick button (20) which are integrated in an integrated control box (16), wherein the direct current power supply (18) supplies power to the micro servo electric cylinder driver (17) and the programmable logic controller (19), the quick button (20) is connected with the input end of the programmable logic controller (19) to provide a control signal, and the output end of the programmable logic controller (19) is connected with the micro servo electric cylinder driver (17) to provide a pulse signal;
the mechanical property test platform comprises the following working processes: the mechanical property testing platform is arranged on an objective table of the optical microscope, and the miniature servo electric cylinder (12) is reset through the quick button (20) to reach a position for clamping a sample; clamping two ends of a sample on the first clamp (6) and the second clamp (9) respectively, and fixing the two ends of the sample by screws; observing the levelness of the sample through the miniature camera (14), and leveling the sample by adjusting the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage (3); closing the first sealed shell (5) and the second sealed shell (13), and opening the temperature and humidity control unit to regulate the temperature and humidity in the platform; the programmable logic controller (19) is controlled by a computer to control the speed and the distance of the miniature servo electric cylinder (12), the quick button (20) is pressed to start testing, and the optical microscope imaging and the external tension sensor (10) are matched to acquire data in real time to realize in-situ mechanical testing of a sample; once the miniature servo electric cylinder (12) is in failure, the optical microscope can be prevented from being damaged in case of accident through emergency braking of the quick button (20).
2. The optical microscope-based in-situ mechanical property testing platform is characterized in that the inner walls of the first sealed housing (5) and the second sealed housing (13) are provided with tin paper layers.
3. The in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sample clamping portions of the first clamp (6) and the second clamp (9) comprise an upper chuck and a lower chuck, the surfaces of the upper chuck and the lower chuck are provided with threads to prevent the sample from sliding, and the sample is clamped between the first clamp (6) and the second clamp (9) through screws.
4. The in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the external tension sensor (10) is an S-shaped sensor.
5. The in-situ mechanical property test platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum range of the external tension sensor (10) is not less than 50N, and the accuracy is not less than 0.01N.
6. The in-situ mechanical property testing platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity sensor (2) is a digital signal temperature and humidity sensor, and the temperature and humidity controller is an open-source electronic prototype control platform.
7. The optical microscope-based in situ mechanical property testing platform as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro-camera (14) is a micro-camera with a lens diameter less than 10 mm.
8. The in-situ mechanical property test platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in claim 1, wherein the micro servo electric cylinder (12) is a micro servo electric cylinder with a maximum stroke of not less than 50mm and a motion precision of not less than 0.02 mm.
9. An in-situ mechanical properties testing platform based on optical microscope according to any of claims 1-8, wherein the dimensions of the mechanical properties testing platform match the dimensions of the stage of the optical microscope, and the dimensions of the mechanical properties testing platform are less than 500mm x 180mm x 100 mm.
10. The in-situ mechanical property test platform based on the optical microscope as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the three-degree-of-freedom translation stage is an LD4-LM type optical three-coordinate precision micro-motion platform, the type of the external tension sensor is a scale WD-50 type external tension sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor is a DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity controller is an Arduino Uno, the ceramic heating sheet is an MCH alumina ceramic heating sheet, the type of the programmable logic controller is Siemens S7-226CN, the miniature camera is an F150 type coil camera, and the miniature servo electric cylinder is an electric cylinder of type 2-TWA4 NA-I-20-a 1-S-K2 from IAI company.
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