CN112324870B

CN112324870B - Speed change mechanism of speed change transmission

Info

Publication number: CN112324870B
Application number: CN202011297355.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 屠申富; 屠昌德
Original assignee: Yuhuan Dongfang Automobile Brake Factory
Current assignee: Yuhuan Dongfang Automobile Brake Factory
Filing date: 2020-11-18
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-11-18

Abstract

The invention provides a speed change mechanism of a speed change transmission, and belongs to the technical field of speed change devices. It has solved the problem that life is short. The speed change mechanism of the speed change driver comprises a main shaft, an inner ring sleeved on the main shaft and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft, and an outer ring axially fixed outside the inner ring, wherein a rotatable control disc is sleeved on the main shaft; the speed change mechanism also comprises an elastic reset piece, and the control panel always has a trend of driving the roller to move along the circumferential disengaging direction of the outer ring and the inner ring under the elastic action of the elastic reset piece. The speed change mechanism of the speed change driver has the advantages of high structural strength, strong load capacity, long service life and the like.

Description

Speed change mechanism of speed change transmission

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of speed changing devices, relates to a speed changing transmission, and particularly relates to a speed changing mechanism of the speed changing transmission.

Background

The automatic transmission is applied to the electric vehicle, can realize the forward movement of the electric vehicle from a low speed to a high speed, and can even switch the electric vehicle from a forward state to a reverse state. For example, a speed-changing transmission mechanism of a bidirectional automatic transmission proposed by the inventor and having a patent application number 201911101094.0 comprises a main shaft, a transmission member sleeved on the main shaft and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft, and a rotating assembly axially fixed outside the transmission member, wherein a connecting member is arranged on the inner side of the rotating assembly, a plurality of connecting claws distributed around the main shaft are hinged on the transmission member, each connecting claw can swing relative to the transmission member, the connecting claws after swinging can enable the rotating assembly to be circumferentially fixed with the transmission member, the connecting member can be driven to rotate when the rotating speed of the rotating assembly is greater than that of the main shaft, and a plurality of matching parts capable of pushing the connecting claws to swing when the connecting member rotates are circumferentially arranged on the outer side of the connecting member. The coupling claws are pushed to swing through the matching parts, and the coupling claws are beaten on the inner wall of the rotating assembly after swinging to circumferentially fix the rotating assembly and the transmission part, so that the transmission part drives the main shaft to rotate at a high speed to realize the high-speed forward movement of the electric vehicle.

However, it also has some disadvantages: in the process that the rotating component drives the transmission piece to continuously rotate through the connecting claw, the inner wall of the rotating component can continuously apply acting force on the connecting claw, and the connecting claw is hinged on the transmission piece, so that the hinged position of the connecting claw independently bears the acting force, and the connecting position between the hinged position of the connecting claw and the transmission piece is broken after long-time use, so that the rotating component cannot be used; in addition, the connecting claw swings and then strikes the inner wall of the rotating assembly, so that larger noise can be generated. For the problem of short service life caused by stress, a relatively easy conceivable way is to choose a material with higher hardness to manufacture or to improve the hardness through improvement of the process.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a speed change mechanism of a speed change transmission, which solves the problem of short service life.

The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:

The speed change mechanism of the speed change driver comprises a main shaft, an inner ring sleeved on the main shaft and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft, and an outer ring axially fixed outside the inner ring, wherein a rotatable control disc is sleeved on the main shaft, a clutch structure capable of enabling the outer ring and the control disc to be in circumferential linkage is arranged between the outer ring and the control disc; the speed change mechanism also comprises an elastic reset piece, and the control panel always has a trend of driving the roller to move along the circumferential disengaging direction of the outer ring and the inner ring under the elastic action of the elastic reset piece.

The electric vehicle has two gears of low-speed forward and high-speed forward, and the speed change mechanism is used for realizing speed change transmission when the electric vehicle is switched from low-speed forward to high-speed forward. When the electric vehicle advances at a low speed, the outer ring and the main shaft rotate at a low speed, at the moment, the control panel is separated from the outer ring, the rollers do not move, and the outer ring is separated from the inner ring along the circumferential direction; when the main shaft is switched to advance at a high speed, the rotating speed of the main shaft is unchanged, the outer ring receives the high rotating speed input by the motor and starts to rotate at a high speed, at the moment, the rotating speed of the outer ring is higher than that of the main shaft, so that the outer ring drives the control disc to rotate through the clutch structure, the control disc drives the rollers to move along the movable grooves to wedge the outer ring and the inner ring together, the outer ring and the inner ring are in circumferential linkage, and the outer ring drives the inner ring to rotate at a high speed, and further drives the main shaft to rotate at a high speed. After the motor stops rotating, the outer ring stops rotating, the main shaft still continues rotating under the action of inertia, at the moment, the rotating speed of the inner ring is higher than that of the outer ring, so that the inner ring drives the control panel to rotate, and rolling friction is formed between the roller and the inner wall of the outer ring under the state, so that the outer ring and the inner ring slip. When the main shaft stops rotating, the inner ring is static, and the control panel controls the roller to move along the movable groove again under the action of the elastic reset piece, so that the outer ring and the inner ring are completely separated along the circumferential direction. The speed change mechanism utilizes the cooperation of the roller and the movable groove to replace the coupling claw to play a role of combining the outer ring and the inner ring, the strength of a single roller is higher than that of the coupling claw, meanwhile, the acting force of the outer ring acting on the roller is directly born by the inner ring, and the situation of fracture at the hinge joint of the coupling claw is avoided, so that the speed change mechanism has higher structural strength, the load capacity is improved well, and the service life is prolonged.

In the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the control panel is provided with the pin inserted into the movable groove, the pin is U-shaped, the roller is positioned in the opening of the pin, and the outer diameter of the roller is larger than the thickness of the pin.

The roller is located in the opening of the pin, when the outer ring drives the control panel to rotate through the clutch structure, the control panel can control the roller to move through the pin, and the outer ring and the inner ring are combined together through the roller to realize circumferential linkage, so that the speed change mechanism has longer service life.

In the above-mentioned speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, as another technical scheme, the control panel is provided with a positioning post inserted into the movable slot, and the roller is sleeved on the positioning post.

The roller is sleeved on the positioning column, when the outer ring drives the control disc to rotate through the clutch structure, the control disc controls the roller to move along the movable groove through the positioning column, so that the outer ring and the inner ring are combined together through the roller to realize circumferential linkage, and the speed change mechanism has longer service life.

In the above-mentioned speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the movable groove includes a yielding surface and a wedging surface with one end connected with the yielding surface and inclined toward the direction close to the inner wall of the outer ring, the wedging surface is an outer convex cambered surface, or the wedging surface is an inclined straight surface and forms an obtuse included angle with the yielding surface.

Compared with a structure that the distance from the bottom wall of the movable groove to the inner wall of the outer ring is gradually reduced, the bottom wall of the movable groove is provided with the abdication surface and the wedging surface, and the wedging surface is obliquely arranged towards the direction close to the inner wall of the outer ring relative to the abdication surface, so that obvious angle change exists between the wedging surface and the abdication surface, and on one hand, the wedging surface can be matched with the roller to realize wedging of the outer ring and the inner ring when the outer ring rotates at high speed; on the other hand, the roller can simultaneously form rolling friction with the wedging surface and the inner wall of the outer ring when the main shaft rotates in inertia, so that the roller can be ensured to slide smoothly between the outer ring and the inner ring when still positioned at the wedging surface, the damage to the speed changing mechanism caused by the clamping of the outer ring and the inner ring is avoided, the reliability of the structure is improved, the speed change can be directly carried out before the main shaft does not stop rotating, and the time for controlling the roller action again by the control panel is omitted.

In the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the number of the movable grooves is a plurality, the inner ring forms a convex block between two adjacent movable grooves, a plurality of limit grooves are correspondingly arranged on the control panel, the convex block is positioned in the limit grooves and can move along the limit grooves, and when the control panel controls the roller to move under the action of the elastic reset piece to enable the outer ring and the inner ring to be separated along the circumferential direction, the convex block is propped against one side groove wall of the limit grooves.

In the above-mentioned speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the main shaft is provided with the buffer, the buffer comprises a first shell sleeved on the main shaft and a second shell circumferentially fixed on the main shaft, one side of the first shell opposite to the second shell is provided with an annular cavity, annular elastic buffer components with annular openings are arranged in the annular cavities of the first shell and the second shell, two ends of the elastic buffer components are fixedly connected with the first shell and the second shell respectively, and the inner ring is integrally and fixedly connected to one side of the first shell opposite to the second shell.

When the outer ring and the inner ring are wedged together through the rollers, the outer ring can directly drive the first shell to rotate, then power is transmitted to the second shell through the elastic buffer component, finally the main shaft circumferentially fixed with the second shell rotates, and the elastic buffer component can be compressed to play a role in buffering in the process of transmitting power to the second shell to enable the main shaft to rotate. The inner ring and the shell of the buffer are of an integrated structure, so that the structural strength of the inner ring is higher, the load capacity is further improved, and the service life is longer.

In the above-mentioned speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the control panel has a cylindrical extension part at the center of one side facing away from the inner ring, the extension part is located inside the clutch structure, the inner side of the end of the extension part has a shoulder, the elastic reset piece is a torsion spring which is located inside the extension part and sleeved outside the main shaft, two ends of the torsion spring are respectively bent to form plug-in parts, one of the plug-in parts is inserted into the inner ring, and the other plug-in part is inserted into the shoulder.

The torsion spring is respectively inserted into the inner ring and the retaining shoulder through the two inserting parts, when the inner ring is kept motionless, the elasticity of the torsion spring can act on the control panel, so that the control panel always has a trend of rotating relative to the inner ring, and the roller is controlled by the control panel, therefore, after the main shaft stops rotating, the roller can be controlled to move to the position yielding surface of the bottom wall of the movable groove by the elasticity of the torsion spring, and the outer ring and the inner ring can be ensured to be completely separated so as to prolong the service life. Moreover, the structure is more compact, and the torsion spring is positioned on the inner side of the extension part and is staggered from the clutch structure without affecting each other.

In the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the main shaft is sleeved with the driven gear and the chassis fixed with the driven gear in the circumferential direction, a plurality of notches are formed in the side portion of the chassis in the circumferential direction, a plurality of connecting pieces inserted into the corresponding notches to enable the chassis to be fixed with the outer ring in the circumferential direction are correspondingly formed in the outer ring in the circumferential direction, the clutch structure comprises two centripetal blocks hinged to the chassis and two magnetic blocks fixed to the chassis, the magnetic blocks and the centripetal blocks are arranged at intervals, the same ends of the centripetal blocks are respectively adsorbed on the corresponding magnetic blocks, and the two centripetal blocks are arranged outside the extending portion.

In the initial state, the same ends of the two centripetal blocks are respectively adsorbed on the corresponding magnetic blocks, and at the moment, the two centripetal blocks and the extending part are in a separated state. When the driven gear receives power input to rotate at a high speed, the two centripetal blocks are swung inwards under the action of centripetal force and overcome the attraction of the magnetic blocks, and the two centripetal blocks are clamped on the extending part of the control panel to rotate the control panel. When the power input to the driven gear is reduced or no power is input to the driven gear, the two centripetal blocks are sucked by the magnetic blocks again to loosen the control panel.

In the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission, the main shaft is sleeved with the bushing, the bushing penetrates through the center hole of the stop shoulder, the torsion spring is sleeved outside the bushing, the outer side of one end part of the bushing is provided with the annular separation part, and two side surfaces of the annular separation part are respectively abutted against the chassis and the stop shoulder.

The torsion spring is restrained between the outer wall of the bushing and the inner wall of the extension portion, so that the working stability of the torsion spring can be guaranteed. In addition, the two side surfaces of the annular separation part of the bushing are respectively propped against the chassis and the stop shoulder, so that the control panel can be prevented from being in direct contact with the chassis, the chassis can not directly drive the control panel to rotate through friction force, and the reliability of the structure is ensured.

The speed change mechanism of the speed change driver comprises a main shaft, an inner ring sleeved on the main shaft and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft, and an outer ring axially fixed outside the inner ring, wherein a rotatable control disc is sleeved on the main shaft; the speed change mechanism also comprises an elastic reset piece, and the control panel always has a trend of driving the roller to move along the circumferential disengaging direction of the outer ring and the inner ring under the elastic action of the elastic reset piece.

Compared with the prior art, the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission has the following advantages:

1. The roller is matched with the wedging surface to replace the coupling claw to combine the outer ring with the inner ring, the strength of the single roller is higher than that of the coupling claw, meanwhile, the acting force of the outer ring on the roller is directly born by the inner ring, and the situation of fracture at the hinge joint of the coupling claw is avoided, so that the coupling claw has higher structural strength, the load capacity is improved well, and the service life is prolonged;

2. The bottom wall of the movable groove is arranged to comprise a yielding surface and a wedging surface, the wedging surface is obliquely arranged towards the direction close to the inner wall of the outer ring relative to the yielding surface, rolling friction can be formed between the roller and the wedging surface and the inner wall of the outer ring simultaneously when the spindle rotates inertially, smooth slipping between the outer ring and the inner ring is ensured when the roller is still positioned at the wedging surface, damage to a speed changing mechanism caused by locking of the outer ring and the inner ring is avoided, the service life of the roller is prolonged, meanwhile, the reliability of the structure is improved, namely, the combination and separation of the outer ring and the inner ring are very sensitive, and in this way, speed change can be directly carried out before the spindle does not stop rotating, and the time for controlling the roller action again by the control panel is omitted.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a transmission mechanism of the present variable speed transmission.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the transmission mechanism of the present variable speed transmission.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the first embodiment between the control disk and the inner ring.

FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the outer ring, inner ring and control disk co-operating with rollers at the yielding surface in the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the outer ring, inner ring and control disk mating with the rollers at the wedging surface in accordance with the first embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view between the control disc and the inner ring in the transmission mechanism of the present variable speed transmission.

Fig. 7 is an exploded view of the damper in the transmission mechanism of the present transmission.

Fig. 8 is an exploded view of the transmission mechanism of the present variable speed transmission between the control disc and the clutch structure.

In the figure, 1, a main shaft; 2. an inner ring; 2a, a movable groove; 2a1, a yielding surface; 2a2, a wedging surface; 2b, bumps; 3. an outer ring; 3a, connecting pieces; 4. a control panel; 4a, pins; 4b, a limit groove; 4c, an extension; 4c1, a shoulder; 5. a roller; 6. a buffer; 6a, a first shell; 6b, a second shell; 6c, an elastic buffer assembly; 6d, a pin shaft; 7. a torsion spring; 7a, a plug-in part; 8. a driven gear; 9. a chassis; 10. a centripetal block; 11. a magnetic block; 12. a bushing; 12a, annular partitions; 13. an output gear.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1-4, the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission comprises a main shaft 1, an inner ring 2 sleeved on the main shaft 1 and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft 1, and an outer ring 3 axially fixed outside the inner ring 2 and capable of rotating relatively, wherein a rotatable control disc 4 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, and a clutch structure is arranged between the outer ring 3 and the control disc 4. A roller 5 controlled by a control disc 4 is arranged between the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2, a movable groove 2a is formed in the outer side of the inner ring 2, the roller 5 is positioned in the movable groove 2a, and when the control disc 4 rotates relative to the inner ring 2, the roller 5 can be driven to move along the movable groove 2a so that the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2 are linked or separated along the circumferential direction. The bottom wall of the movable groove 2a comprises a yielding surface 2a1 and a wedging surface 2a2 with one end connected with the yielding surface 2a1, the distance between the yielding surface 2a1 and the inner wall of the outer ring 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the roller 5, the wedging surface 2a2 is obliquely arranged relative to the yielding surface 2a1, and when the control panel 4 drives the roller 5 to move to abut against the wedging surface 2a2, the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2 are linked with each other along the circumferential direction through the roller 5. The wedging surface 2a2 is specifically an outwards convex cambered surface, and the wedging position of the roller 5 and the wedging surface 2a2 is lower than the highest point of the wedging surface 2a 2. The speed change mechanism also comprises an elastic reset piece which enables the control panel 4 to always have the function of controlling the roller 5 to be disengaged from the wedging surface 2a 2.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a pin 4a is provided on one side of the control panel 4 near the inner ring 2, the pin 4a is inserted into the movable groove 2a, a notch 4a1 is provided on the side of the pin 4a, a roller 5 is provided at the notch 4a1, and the outer diameter of the roller 5 is larger than the thickness of the pin 4a. The roller 5 is located at the notch 4a1, when the outer ring 3 drives the control disc 4 to rotate through the clutch structure, the control disc 4 can control the roller 5 to move in the movable groove 2a, so that the roller 5 moves to the wedging surface 2a2 and abuts against the inner wall of the outer ring 3. In this embodiment, the number of the movable slots 2a is a plurality, rollers 5 are disposed in each movable slot 2a, the inner ring 2 forms a bump 2b between two adjacent movable slots 2a, the number of pins 4a is the same as that of the movable slots 2a, a limit slot 4b is formed between two adjacent pins 4a, the bump 2b is located in the limit slot 4b and can move along the limit slot 4b, and when the control panel 4 under the action of the elastic reset member controls the rollers 5 to separate from the wedging surface 2a2, the bump 2b abuts against a side slot wall of the limit slot 4 b.

As shown in fig. 5, a cylindrical extension part 4c is arranged at the center of one side of the control panel 4, which is opposite to the inner ring 2, a blocking shoulder 4c1 is arranged at the inner side of the end part of the extension part 4c, the elastic resetting piece is a torsion spring 7 which is arranged at the inner side of the extension part 4c and is sleeved outside the main shaft 1, two ends of the torsion spring 7 are respectively bent to form a plug-in part 7a, a hole I is arranged on the inner ring 2, a hole II is arranged on the blocking shoulder 4c1, one plug-in part 7a is inserted into the hole I, and the other plug-in part 7a is inserted into the hole II. The torsion spring 7 is respectively connected with the inner ring 2 and the control disc 4 through two inserting parts 7a, when the main shaft 1 does not rotate, the inner ring 2 is fixed, and therefore the elasticity of the torsion spring 7 acts on the control disc 4 to enable the control disc 4 to rotate relative to the inner ring 2, and the roller 5 is separated from the wedging surface 2a 2.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 8, the main shaft 1 is further sleeved with a driven gear 8 and a chassis 9 circumferentially fixed with the driven gear 8, the main shaft 1 is fixedly connected with an output gear 13, the driven gear 8 abuts against the output gear 13, and the driven gear 8 and the chassis 9 are circumferentially fixed in a concave-convex mode. The side part of the chassis 9 is provided with a plurality of notches along the circumferential direction, and the outer ring 3 is provided with a plurality of connecting sheets 3a which are inserted into the corresponding notches along the circumferential direction to fix the chassis 9 and the outer ring 3 along the circumferential direction. The clutch structure comprises two centripetal blocks 10 hinged on the chassis 9 and two magnetic blocks 11 fixed on the chassis 9, wherein the centripetal blocks 10 are in an arc shape, the magnetic blocks 11 and the centripetal blocks 10 are arranged at intervals, one end of each centripetal block 10 is respectively adsorbed on the corresponding magnetic block 11, and the two centripetal blocks 10 are arranged outside the extension part 4c of the control panel 4. Further, a bushing 12 is sleeved on the main shaft 1, the bushing 12 penetrates through the center hole of the shoulder 4c1, and the torsion spring 7 is sleeved outside the bushing 12. The bushing 12 has an annular partition 12a on the outside of one end portion, and both sides of the annular partition 12a abut against the bottom plate 9 and the shoulder 4c1, respectively.

Further, as shown in fig. 1,2, 6 and 7, the spindle 1 is provided with a buffer 6, the buffer 6 includes a first housing 6a sleeved on the spindle 1 and a second housing 6b circumferentially fixed on the spindle 1 (specifically, by spline fit), one side of the first housing 6a opposite to the second housing 6b is provided with an annular cavity, annular elastic buffer components 6c with annular openings are arranged in the annular cavities of the first housing 6a and the second housing 6b, one end of each elastic buffer component 6c is fixedly connected with the first housing 6a, and the other end of each elastic buffer component 6c is fixedly connected with the second housing 6 b. When the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2 are wedged together through the rollers 5, the outer ring 3 can directly drive the first shell 6a to rotate, then power is transmitted to the second shell 6b through the elastic buffer component 6c, finally the main shaft 1 circumferentially fixed with the second shell 6b rotates, and in the process that the power is transmitted to the second shell 6b to rotate the main shaft 1, the elastic buffer component 6c can be compressed to play a role in buffering. In this embodiment, the elastic buffer components 6c are of a double-layer open ring structure, wherein one layer of elastic buffer components 6c is located in the annular cavity of the first housing 6a and the head end thereof is fixedly connected with the first housing 6a, the other layer of elastic buffer components 6c is located in the annular cavity of the second housing 6b and the tail end thereof is fixedly connected with the second housing 6b, and the tail end of the layer of elastic buffer components 6c located in the first housing 6a is fixed with the head end of the layer of elastic buffer components 6c located in the second housing 6b (specifically, the fixing is realized through the pin shaft 6 d). The structure of the damper 6 can refer to the transmission mechanism of the automatic speed-changing motor disclosed in the application number 201711099388.5, and the scheme is different from the patent in that the first shell 6a starts to rotate and finally drives the main shaft 1 to rotate after being buffered.

The speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission is mainly used for realizing the speed change of the electric vehicle from low speed to high speed, the output gear 13 is integrally formed on the main shaft 1, the driven gear 8 is abutted against the output gear 13, the rotating speed of the driven gear 8 is driven by a motor, and the output gear 13 on the main shaft 1 outputs power outwards.

When the electric vehicle runs at a low speed (namely, a first gear), the main shaft 1, the driven gear 8, the chassis 9 and the outer ring 3 rotate at a low speed, and the two centripetal blocks 10 are firmly adsorbed by the magnetic blocks 11 and are kept motionless relative to the chassis 9; as shown in fig. 4, the roller 5 is located at the relief surface 2a1 of the movable groove 2a to disengage the outer ring 3 from the inner ring 2, and the spindle 1 rotates with the inner ring 2 via the damper 6.

When the vehicle is switched to the high-speed running (i.e. the second gear), the driven gear 8 is driven by the motor to drive the chassis 9 and the outer ring 3 to rotate at a high speed, and the main shaft 1 still rotates at a low speed. At this time, the two centripetal blocks 10 are swung relative to the chassis 9 against the attraction force of the magnetic blocks 11 under the centripetal action, so that the two centripetal blocks 10 are clamped at the outer side of the extension portion 4c and drive the control disc 4 to rotate in a homeotropic manner, and the control disc 4 controls the rollers 5 to move to the wedging surface 2a 2. As shown in fig. 5, the roller 5 is wedged between the wedging surface 2a2 and the inner wall of the outer ring 3, so that the outer ring 3 and the inner ring 2 are linked along the circumferential direction, the outer ring 3 drives the inner ring 2 to rotate at a high speed, and finally, the high-speed rotation of the main shaft 1 is realized through the cooperation of the inner ring 2 and the buffer 6. When the roller 5 moves to the wedging surface 2a2, the protruding block 2b abuts against the groove wall on one side of the limit groove 4 b.

When the motor stops power input, the outer ring 3 stops rotating, and the main shaft 1 is still in a rotating state under the inertia effect. At this time, the rotation speed of the inner ring 2 is greater than that of the outer ring 3, the inner ring 2 drives the control panel 4 to rotate together, and simultaneously the inner ring 2 and the outer ring 3 are separated under the action of the inclination of the wedging surface 2a2, so that the overrunning of the outer ring 3 is completed. When the spindle 1 stops rotating, the inner ring 2 is stationary, and the control disc 4 rotates relative to the inner ring 2 under the action of the torsion spring 7, so that the roller 5 moves to the position of the yielding surface 2a1 of the movable groove 2a again.

Example two

The present embodiment is basically the same in structure and principle as the first embodiment, except that: in the present embodiment, the wedging surface 2a2 is an inclined straight surface, and an obtuse included angle is formed between the wedging surface 2a2 and the yielding surface 2a 1.

Example III

The present embodiment is basically the same in structure and principle as the first embodiment, except that: in this embodiment, the movable groove is disposed on the inner side wall of the outer ring 3, and the wedging surface is disposed obliquely to the direction approaching the outer wall of the inner ring 2 with respect to the yielding surface.

Example IV

The present embodiment is basically the same in structure and principle as the first embodiment, except that: in this embodiment, the control panel 4 has a positioning post inserted into the movable groove 2a, and the roller 5 is fitted over the positioning post.

The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. The speed change mechanism of the speed change driver comprises a main shaft (1), an inner ring (2) sleeved on the main shaft (1) and forming a linkage relation with the main shaft (1), and an outer ring (3) axially fixed outside the inner ring (2), wherein a rotatable control disc (4) is sleeved on the main shaft (1), a clutch structure which can enable the outer ring (3) and the control disc (4) to be in circumferential linkage is arranged between the outer ring (3) and the control disc (4), the speed change mechanism is characterized in that a movable groove (2 a) is arranged on the outer side of the inner ring (2), a roller (5) is arranged in the movable groove (2 a), and when the control disc (4) rotates relative to the inner ring (2), the roller (5) can be driven to move along the movable groove (2 a) to enable the outer ring (3) to be in circumferential linkage or release with the inner ring (2), and the roller (5) can rotate freely relative to the control disc (4); the speed change mechanism also comprises an elastic reset piece, the control panel (4) always has a trend of driving the roller (5) to move along the circumferential disengaging direction under the elastic action of the elastic reset piece, the control panel (4) is provided with a pin (4 a) inserted into the movable groove (2 a), the pin (4 a) is U-shaped, the roller (5) is positioned in an opening of the pin (4 a) and the outer diameter of the roller (5) is larger than the thickness of the pin (4 a), the control panel (4) is provided with a positioning post inserted into the movable groove (2 a), the roller (5) is sleeved on the positioning post, the movable groove (2 a) comprises a yielding surface (2 a 1) and a wedge surface (2 a 2) with one end connected with the yielding surface (2 a 1) and inclined towards the inner wall direction of the outer ring (3), or the wedge surface (2 a 2) is an arc surface, the wedge surface (2) is a straight surface and the outer diameter is larger than the thickness of the pin (4 a), the roller (5) is sleeved on the control panel (4) and is provided with an elastic shoulder (4 c) at one side (4 c) of the inner side (4 c) of the elastic sleeve (4) and is provided with an extension part (4 c) at the extension part (4 c) and the extension part (4 c) at the inner side of the extension part (4 c), two ends of the torsion spring (7) are respectively bent to form plug-in parts (7 a), one plug-in part (7 a) is inserted into the inner ring (2), and the other plug-in part (7 a) is inserted into the stop shoulder (4 c 1).

2. The speed change mechanism of a speed change transmission according to claim 1, wherein the number of the movable grooves (2 a) is a plurality, the inner ring (2) forms a bump (2 b) between two adjacent movable grooves (2 a), a plurality of limit grooves (4 b) are correspondingly arranged on the control disc (4), the bump (2 b) is positioned in the limit groove (4 b) and can move along the limit groove (4 b), and when the control disc (4) is under the action of the elastic reset piece, the roller (5) is controlled to move so that the outer ring (3) and the inner ring (2) are separated along the circumferential direction, and the bump (2 b) is propped against one side groove wall of the limit groove (4 b).

3. The gear shifting mechanism of a gear shifting transmission according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft (1) is provided with a buffer (6), the buffer (6) comprises a first shell (6 a) sleeved on the main shaft (1) and a second shell (6 b) circumferentially fixed on the main shaft (1), annular cavities are arranged on one side of the first shell (6 a) opposite to the second shell (6 b), an elastic buffer component (6 c) with an annular opening is arranged in the annular cavities of the first shell (6 a) and the second shell (6 b), two ends of the elastic buffer component (6 c) are respectively fixedly connected with the first shell (6 a) and the second shell (6 b), and the inner ring (2) is integrally fixedly connected to one side of the first shell (6 a) opposite to the second shell (6 b).

4. The speed change mechanism of a speed change transmission according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft (1) is sleeved with a driven gear (8) and a chassis (9) circumferentially fixed with the driven gear (8), a plurality of notches are circumferentially arranged on the side portion of the chassis (9), a plurality of connecting pieces (3 a) which are inserted into the corresponding notches to enable the chassis (9) to be circumferentially fixed with the outer ring (3) are circumferentially arranged on the outer ring (3) correspondingly, the clutch structure comprises two centripetal blocks (10) hinged to the chassis (9) and two magnetic blocks (11) fixed to the chassis (9), the magnetic blocks (11) and the centripetal blocks (10) are arranged at intervals, the same ends of the centripetal blocks (10) are respectively adsorbed on the corresponding magnetic blocks (11), and the two centripetal blocks (10) are arranged outside the extending part (4 c).

5. The speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission according to claim 4, wherein the main shaft (1) is sleeved with a bushing (12), the bushing (12) passes through a central hole of the shoulder (4 c 1), the torsion spring (7) is sleeved outside the bushing (12), an annular separation part (12 a) is arranged outside one end part of the bushing (12), and two side surfaces of the annular separation part (12 a) are respectively abutted against the chassis (9) and the shoulder (4 c 1).