CN112318074A - Precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process - Google Patents
Precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112318074A CN112318074A CN202011204097.XA CN202011204097A CN112318074A CN 112318074 A CN112318074 A CN 112318074A CN 202011204097 A CN202011204097 A CN 202011204097A CN 112318074 A CN112318074 A CN 112318074A
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- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- tapered roller
- roller blank
- blank
- conical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/003—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass bearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing process of a tapered roller of a precision bearing, which comprises the following steps: s1, cold heading, namely, drawing steel by using a cold heading machine, and upsetting the steel into a tapered roller blank; s2, carrying out soft grinding on the conical roller blank; s3, carrying out heat treatment on the conical roller blank; s4, primary grinding, namely, performing primary grinding on the excircle of the conical roller blank after heat treatment by using a centerless grinding machine tool; s5, fine grinding and grinding the ball base surface; s6, finish grinding 1, and fine grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank; s7, finish grinding 2, and ultra-finely grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank; s8, performing eddy current testing, and detecting the defects on the surface of the tapered roller and the cracks of the internal tissue by using eddy current testing equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bearing design and manufacture, in particular to a process for manufacturing a tapered roller of a precision bearing.
Background
The bearing is the most important, most key and most core basic part in high-speed rail equipment, is known as the heart of equipment manufacture, directly determines the performance, quality and reliability of a high-speed rail host machine product, wherein the quality of a bearing rolling body is one of important reasons for restricting the development of the domestic bearing industry, so that the development of the high-end precision bearing rolling body is beneficial to improving the domestic bearing manufacturing industry level, and the pace of the domestic famous bearing enterprises participating in international market competition is accelerated.
At present, the process route for manufacturing the tapered roller is as follows: cold heading → soft grinding → heat treatment → rough grinding excircle → grinding ball base face → fine grinding excircle → super precision excircle, because the involved steps are more, the process is complicated, the processing quality of the tapered roller is not high, the yield is low, the rejection rate is high, the production efficiency is low, the resource waste is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing process of a tapered roller of a precision bearing, which is used for solving the technical problems of poor processing quality, low yield and low production efficiency of the tapered roller in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the manufacturing process of the tapered roller of the precision bearing provided by the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing process of a tapered roller of a precision bearing comprises the following steps:
s1, cold heading, namely, drawing steel by using a cold heading machine, and upsetting the steel into a tapered roller blank;
s2, conducting spot check on the conical roller blank, selecting the conical roller blank with qualified ring belt size, sending the qualified conical roller blank into a cylindrical centerless grinding machine by a feeding and conveying device, removing the ring belt on the conical roller blank by utilizing a grinding wheel and a spiral guide roller on the cylindrical centerless grinding machine in a rotating feeding and grinding mode, carrying out coarse grinding on the conical roller blank, then placing the conical roller blank after coarse grinding on a cylindrical centerless grinding machine again, grinding the outer circular surface of the conical roller blank to remove 37% -43% of allowance, then placing the conical roller blank on a double-end-surface grinding machine to carry out soft grinding on the end surface of the conical roller blank and grind all allowance, then placing the conical roller blank after soft grinding the end surface on the centerless grinding machine to carry out soft grinding twice on the outer circular surface, grinding 27% -33% of the outer circular surface for the first time, grinding 17% -23% of the outer circular surface for the second time, thus finishing the soft grinding of the tapered roller blank;
s3, carrying out heat treatment on the conical roller blank;
s4, primary grinding, namely, performing primary grinding on the excircle of the conical roller blank after heat treatment by using a centerless grinding machine tool;
s5, fine grinding and grinding the ball base surface;
s6, finish grinding 1, and fine grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
s7, finish grinding 2, and ultra-finely grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
and S8, performing eddy current testing, wherein defects on the surface of the tapered roller and cracks in the internal structure are detected by using eddy current testing equipment.
The manufacturing process of the tapered roller of the precision bearing provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the soft grinding step, the blank of the conical roller with the ring belt is placed on an excircle centerless grinder for direct grinding, the ring belt is removed by adopting a grinding mode instead of the traditional channeling cutting mode, the aim of thoroughly removing the ring belt under a controllable state is achieved, in addition, the ring belt is soft ground by adopting twice fine soft grinding of the excircle, thereby realizing full removal, and solving the problems of irregular channeling cutting and high rejection rate existing in the traditional channeling cutting of the ring belt.
Further, in step S2, when the tapered roller blank is processed for the second time by the cylindrical centerless grinder, the outer circumferential surface of the tapered roller blank is ground by a margin of 40%.
Further, in step S2, when the tapered roller blank after the end face is soft-ground is placed on a centerless grinding machine to perform fine soft grinding twice, the margin of 30% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the first time, and the margin of 20% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the second time.
Further, in the heat treatment process, firstly, the tapered roller blank after the soft grinding is placed into a cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the first time, the tapered roller blank after the cleaning is placed into a roller-bottom type quenching furnace for quenching, the tapered roller blank is taken out after the quenching is finished and is poured into a stirring machine, water is added for stirring, the cooling is carried out for 6min-8min after the stirring is finished, the tapered roller blank is placed into the cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the second time, then the tapered roller blank after the cleaning and drying is placed into a roller-bottom type double-layer tempering furnace for tempering, and finally, the tapered roller blank is taken out for natural cooling, so that the heat treatment of the tapered roller blank is finished. The quenching and tempering temperatures are easy to control, the quality of the bearing roller is greatly guaranteed, meanwhile, a twice cleaning and drying machine is adopted for drying, the cleaning and drying are more thorough, and the problem that impurities are mixed in the blank of the conical roller after quenching or tempering and further the quality of the conical roller is influenced is avoided.
Further, when the conical roller blank is placed into a dryer for the first time, the temperature of the oil removing area is set to be 50-90 ℃, the temperature of the washing area is set to be 40-90 ℃, and the temperature of the drying area is set to be 80-100 ℃.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below by means of specific embodiments:
the invention provides a specific embodiment of a manufacturing process of a tapered roller of a precision bearing, which comprises the following steps:
a manufacturing process of a tapered roller of a precision bearing comprises the following steps:
s1, cold heading, namely, drawing steel by using a cold heading machine, and upsetting the steel into a tapered roller blank;
s2, conducting spot check on the conical roller blank, selecting the conical roller blank with qualified ring belt size, sending the qualified conical roller blank into a cylindrical centerless grinding machine by a feeding and conveying device, removing the ring belt on the conical roller blank by utilizing a grinding wheel and a spiral guide roller on the cylindrical centerless grinding machine in a rotating feeding and grinding mode, carrying out coarse grinding on the conical roller blank, then placing the conical roller blank after coarse grinding on a cylindrical centerless grinding machine again, grinding the outer circular surface of the conical roller blank to remove 37% -43% of allowance, then placing the conical roller blank on a double-end-surface grinding machine to carry out soft grinding on the end surface of the conical roller blank and grind all allowance, then placing the conical roller blank after soft grinding the end surface on the centerless grinding machine to carry out soft grinding twice on the outer circular surface, grinding 27% -33% of the outer circular surface for the first time, grinding 17% -23% of the outer circular surface for the second time, thus finishing the soft grinding of the tapered roller blank;
s3, carrying out heat treatment on the conical roller blank;
s4, primary grinding, namely, performing primary grinding on the excircle of the conical roller blank after heat treatment by using a centerless grinding machine tool;
s5, fine grinding and grinding the ball base surface;
s6, finish grinding 1, and fine grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
s7, finish grinding 2, and ultra-finely grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
and S8, performing eddy current testing, wherein defects on the surface of the tapered roller and cracks in the internal structure are detected by using eddy current testing equipment.
The invention improves the soft grinding step, the blank of the conical roller with the ring belt is placed on an excircle centerless grinder for direct grinding, the ring belt is removed by adopting a grinding mode instead of the traditional channeling cutting mode, the aim of thoroughly removing the ring belt under a controllable state is achieved, in addition, the ring belt is soft ground by adopting twice fine soft grinding of the excircle, thereby realizing full removal, and solving the problems of irregular channeling cutting and high rejection rate existing in the traditional channeling cutting of the ring belt.
In this embodiment, in step S2, when the tapered roller blank is processed for the second time by the cylindrical centerless grinder, the outer circumferential surface of the tapered roller blank is ground by a margin of 40%. In other embodiments, the balance of other values in the range of 37% -43% may be ground away, for example, 38% or 39%.
In this embodiment, in step S2, when the tapered roller blank after the end face is soft-ground is placed on a centerless grinding machine to perform fine soft grinding twice, the margin of 30% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the first time, and the margin of 20% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the second time. In other embodiments, the outer circumferential surface may be ground a first time to remove the balance of other values in the range of 27% -33%, such as 28% or 29%, although in other embodiments, the outer circumferential surface may be ground a second time to remove the balance of other values in the range of 17% -23%, such as 18% or 19%.
In the embodiment, in the heat treatment process, firstly, the tapered roller blank after the soft grinding is put into a cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the first time, the tapered roller blank after the cleaning is finished is put into a roller-bottom type quenching furnace for quenching, the tapered roller blank is taken out after the quenching is finished and is poured into a stirring machine, water is added for stirring, the cooling is carried out for 6min to 8min after the stirring is finished, the tapered roller blank is put into the cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the second time, then the tapered roller blank after the cleaning and drying is put into a roller-bottom type double-layer tempering furnace for tempering, and finally, the tapered roller blank is taken out for natural cooling, so that the heat treatment of the tapered roller blank. The quenching and tempering temperatures are easy to control, the quality of the bearing roller is greatly guaranteed, meanwhile, a twice cleaning and drying machine is adopted for drying, the cleaning and drying are more thorough, and the problem that impurities are mixed in the blank of the conical roller after quenching or tempering and further the quality of the conical roller is influenced is avoided. In other embodiments, the number of times the washer dryer is used may also be adjusted according to actual needs, for example, the washer dryer is used only once before quenching.
In the embodiment, when the conical roller blank is placed into the dryer for the first time, the temperature of the oil removing area is set to be 50-90 ℃, the temperature of the washing area is set to be 40-90 ℃, and the temperature of the drying area is set to be 80-100 ℃. The operator can adjust within the above-mentioned setting range according to the actual need.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, cold heading, namely, drawing steel by using a cold heading machine, and upsetting the steel into a tapered roller blank;
s2, conducting sampling inspection on the conical roller blank, selecting the conical roller blank with qualified ring belt size, sending the qualified conical roller blank into a cylindrical centerless grinding machine by a feeding and conveying device, removing a ring belt on the conical roller blank by utilizing a grinding wheel and a spiral guide roller on the cylindrical centerless grinding machine in a rotating feeding and grinding mode, carrying out coarse grinding on the conical roller blank, then placing the conical roller blank after coarse grinding on a cylindrical centerless grinding machine for the second time, grinding 37% -43% of allowance of the outer circular surface of the conical roller blank, then placing the conical roller blank on a double-end-face grinding machine to carry out soft grinding on the end surface of the conical roller blank, grinding all allowance, then placing the conical roller blank after soft grinding the end surface on the centerless grinding machine to carry out soft grinding for the outer circular surface twice, grinding 27% -33% of the outer circular surface for the first time, grinding 17% -23% of the outer circular surface for the second time, thus finishing the soft grinding of the tapered roller blank;
s3, carrying out heat treatment on the conical roller blank;
s4, primary grinding, namely, performing primary grinding on the excircle of the conical roller blank after heat treatment by using a centerless grinding machine tool;
s5, fine grinding and grinding the ball base surface;
s6, finish grinding 1, and fine grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
s7, finish grinding 2, and ultra-finely grinding the excircle of the tapered roller blank;
and S8, performing eddy current testing, wherein defects on the surface of the tapered roller and cracks in the internal structure are detected by using eddy current testing equipment.
2. The manufacturing process of the tapered roller of the precision bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, when the tapered roller blank is processed for the second time by the cylindrical centerless grinder, the outer circumferential surface of the tapered roller blank is ground by a margin of 40%.
3. The manufacturing process of the precision bearing tapered roller as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in step S2, when the tapered roller blank after the end face is soft-ground is placed on a centerless grinding machine to perform fine soft-grinding twice, the margin of 30% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the first time, and the margin of 20% of the outer circumferential surface is ground for the second time.
4. The manufacturing process of the precision bearing tapered roller as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the heat treatment process, firstly, a tapered roller blank after soft grinding is placed into a cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the first time, the tapered roller blank after cleaning is placed into a roller-bottom quenching furnace for quenching, the tapered roller blank is taken out after quenching is finished and is poured into a stirrer, water is added for stirring, the mixture is cooled for 6-8 min after stirring is finished, the tapered roller blank is placed into the cleaning and drying machine for cleaning and drying for the second time, the tapered roller blank after cleaning and drying is placed into a roller-bottom double-layer tempering furnace for tempering, and finally, the tapered roller blank is taken out and naturally cooled, so that the heat treatment of the tapered roller blank is finished.
5. The manufacturing process of the tapered roller of the precision bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the conical roller blank is placed into a dryer for the first time, the temperature of an oil removing area is set to be 50-90 ℃, the temperature of a washing area is set to be 40-90 ℃, and the temperature of a drying area is set to be 80-100 ℃.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011204097.XA CN112318074A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011204097.XA CN112318074A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process |
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| CN112318074A true CN112318074A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| CN202011204097.XA Pending CN112318074A (en) | 2020-11-02 | 2020-11-02 | Precise bearing tapered roller manufacturing process |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4763448A (en) * | 1987-05-11 | 1988-08-16 | Junichi Yoshioka | Centerless grinding machine |
| CN103821828A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-28 | 山东东阿钢球集团有限公司 | Production method of precise tapered roller |
| CN105798712A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-07-27 | 洛阳宜华滚动体有限公司 | Soft grinding technology and device for machining tapered roller |
| CN109338047A (en) * | 2018-11-18 | 2019-02-15 | 柳州中通科技有限公司 | One rail traffic high-precision bearing roller heat treatment process |
| CN110394608A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-01 | 江苏力星通用钢球股份有限公司 | The production technology of rail traffic high-precision bearing roller |
-
2020
- 2020-11-02 CN CN202011204097.XA patent/CN112318074A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4763448A (en) * | 1987-05-11 | 1988-08-16 | Junichi Yoshioka | Centerless grinding machine |
| CN103821828A (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2014-05-28 | 山东东阿钢球集团有限公司 | Production method of precise tapered roller |
| CN105798712A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-07-27 | 洛阳宜华滚动体有限公司 | Soft grinding technology and device for machining tapered roller |
| CN109338047A (en) * | 2018-11-18 | 2019-02-15 | 柳州中通科技有限公司 | One rail traffic high-precision bearing roller heat treatment process |
| CN110394608A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-01 | 江苏力星通用钢球股份有限公司 | The production technology of rail traffic high-precision bearing roller |
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| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20220829 Address after: 2nd Floor, East Building, No. 7 Park, New Energy Industry Cluster District, Kuqiao Township, Fangcheng County, Nanyang City, Henan Province, 473000 Applicant after: Henan Chengjia Bearing Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 473000 new energy industry cluster, Fangcheng County, Nanyang City, Henan Province Applicant before: Henan Zhongtai Bearing Co.,Ltd. |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210205 |
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