CN112095071A - Processing technology of mild carburization steel ball - Google Patents
Processing technology of mild carburization steel ball Download PDFInfo
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- CN112095071A CN112095071A CN202011088085.5A CN202011088085A CN112095071A CN 112095071 A CN112095071 A CN 112095071A CN 202011088085 A CN202011088085 A CN 202011088085A CN 112095071 A CN112095071 A CN 112095071A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/20—Carburising
- C23C8/22—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
- C23C8/42—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions only one element being applied
- C23C8/44—Carburising
- C23C8/46—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/60—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
- C23C8/62—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using solids, e.g. powders, pastes only one element being applied
- C23C8/64—Carburising
- C23C8/66—Carburising of ferrous surfaces
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball, belonging to the technical field of steel ball processing, and comprising the following steps: s1: and (3) acceptance materials: detecting the material components of the raw material for processing the steel ball; s2: cold heading: placing the raw materials for processing the steel ball in a high-speed cold header, beating the raw materials into a ball blank through a steel film in the high-speed cold header, and controlling the ball shape and subsequent processing allowance; s3: polishing: putting the ball blank subjected to cold heading into a ball polishing machine, and rounding the ball blank to prepare for heat treatment; s4: heat treatment of a mild carburizing process: putting the ball blank into a heat treatment furnace for carburizing, wherein the carburizing comprises forced carburizing and diffusion, and the temperature is kept after the carburizing; wherein, a full hardened layer is generated by strong penetration, and a diffusion layer is generated by diffusion and diffusion; the hardness of the soft ball core in the steel ball is controlled at a lower level, the carburized layer is controlled in a reasonable thinner range, a full hardened layer is generated, and the service life of the steel ball is prolonged by increasing the diffusion layer through diffusion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel ball processing, in particular to a processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball.
Background
The steel ball is divided into grinding, forging and casting according to the production and processing technology. The steel is classified into bearing steel balls, stainless steel balls, carbon steel balls, copper bearing steel balls, alloy balls, and the like according to the material to be processed. The bearing steel ball is an important industrial basic part, and the alloy steel ball is a spherical ferroalloy wear-resistant body which is generated by using carbon, chromium, manganese, molybdenum and the like as main added metal elements and through forging, spinning, rolling, casting and other modes, and is the most important component part of the prior ball for crushing industrial mines, cement and the like.
The steel ball processing adopts low-medium carbon raw materials to prepare a ball blank, then grinding processing is carried out, and carburizing heat treatment is carried out, and then the ball blank is further ground and processed into a finished steel ball, but the existing carburizing process is unstable, the crushing value is low, the carburizing depth is not controlled to be within a proper range, and the method is only suitable for common low-grade bearings; the spherical joint of the rod end is a spherical sliding bearing, a ball head bolt of the spherical sliding bearing can run smoothly with a small gap, the spherical sliding bearing is suitable for connecting motion mechanisms of various automatic machine tools, the old process is to turn a ball head out of an end rod by a lathe, and then the spherical surface is quenched and hardened to realize the wear resistance of the spherical surface, but the method has high cost and low precision of the ball head, the new process is to weld a ball on the end rod, compared with the old process, the cost is saved and the precision of the ball head is improved, but the phenomenon of ball head fracture is serious because of the material and the process problems of the ball during welding; after the hole is formed in the knuckle bearing by using the soft steel ball, surface strengthening such as surface phosphorization, galvanization, chrome plating and the like is required to be carried out so as to increase the wear resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball, which aims to solve the problems that the existing steel ball processing and carburizing technology proposed in the background technology is unstable, has a low crushing value and is only suitable for general low-grade bearings, and the carburizing depth is not controlled to be within a proper range; the ball fracture phenomenon of the end rod welding of the rod end spherical joint is serious; after the hole is opened by the soft steel ball, the knuckle bearing needs to be subjected to surface strengthening such as surface phosphorization, galvanization, chrome plating and the like to increase the wear resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) acceptance materials: detecting the material components of the raw material for processing the steel ball;
s2: cold heading: placing the raw materials for processing the steel ball in a high-speed cold header, beating the raw materials into a ball blank through a steel film in the high-speed cold header, and controlling the ball shape and subsequent processing allowance;
s3: polishing: putting the ball blank subjected to cold heading into a ball polishing machine, and rounding the ball blank to prepare for heat treatment;
s4: heat treatment of a mild carburizing process: putting the ball blank into a heat treatment furnace for carburizing, wherein the carburizing comprises forced carburizing and diffusion, and the temperature is kept after the carburizing;
wherein, a full-hardened layer is generated through strong permeation, a diffusion layer is generated through diffusion, and the inner part of the ball blank which is not subjected to carbon atom diffusion is a soft ball core;
s5: primary grinding: grinding the ball blank in a grinder to remove surface defects of the previous process, and preparing for next grinding;
s6: and (3) secondary grinding: putting the ball blank into a grinder to grind to obtain a steel ball, and grinding to a specified size to ensure that the steel ball meets the precision requirement;
s7: and (3) fine grinding: putting the steel ball into a lapping machine for fine grinding to polish the surface of the steel ball to a mirror surface;
s8: cleaning: putting the steel ball into a cleaning machine for cleaning to remove surface dirt and achieve the cleanliness requirement specified by a customer;
s9: optical flaw detection: putting the steel ball on an optical flaw detector for flaw detection, emitting light to the mirror surface of the steel ball through optical flaw detection, receiving the analysis principle of the reflection amount, performing full-scale appearance flaw detection, and removing the steel ball with a flaw on the surface;
s10: and (4) finished product inspection: detecting finished steel balls, particularly detecting the surface hardness, the internal hardness and the carburization depth of the steel balls to ensure the quality of the steel balls;
s11: packaging: packaging according to the requirements specified by customers, and coating rust-proof oil on the surface of the steel ball.
Preferably, in step S4, the temperature during the strong permeation and the diffusion is both 920 ℃ ± 5, and the temperature during the heat preservation is 750 ℃ ± 5.
Preferably, in step S8, the steel ball after cleaning is quickly air-dried by a blower.
Preferably, in step S8, a cleaning agent is added to the water for cleaning the steel ball.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the hardness of the soft ball core in the steel ball is controlled at a lower level, the carburized layer is controlled in a reasonable thinner range to generate a full hardened layer, and the service life of the steel ball is prolonged by increasing the diffusion layer through diffusion;
2) the invention thoroughly solves the strength problem of welding the steel ball on the end rod of the end rod spherical joint, replaces the original bearing steel ball, greatly improves the welding strength through a trace full hardened layer on the surface, thereby prolonging the service life of the end rod spherical joint, and simultaneously solves the problem that the steel ball for the joint bearing needs to be subjected to various surface strengthening processes after being perforated to increase the wear resistance;
3) the full hardened layer, the diffusion layer and the soft ball core are generated through the mild carburization process heat treatment, so that the steel ball has higher quality and can be applied to high-grade bearings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a process flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a heat treatment diagram of the mild carburization process of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the steel ball of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 full-hardened layer, 2 diffusion layers and 3 soft ball cores.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) acceptance materials: detecting the material components of the raw materials for processing the steel ball, selecting a low-carbon steel material with stable and reliable quality, and ensuring the softer hardness of the core part of the steel ball;
s2: cold heading: placing the raw materials for processing the steel ball in a high-speed cold header, beating the raw materials into a ball blank through a steel film in the high-speed cold header, and controlling the ball shape and subsequent processing allowance;
s3: polishing: putting the ball blank subjected to cold heading into a ball polishing machine, and rounding the ball blank to prepare for heat treatment;
s4: heat treatment of a mild carburizing process: putting the ball blank into a heat treatment furnace for carburizing, wherein the carburizing comprises strong carburizing and diffusion, and the temperature is kept after the carburizing, and the depth of a carburized layer is strictly controlled;
wherein, a fully hardened layer 1 is generated through strong permeation, a diffusion layer 2 is generated through diffusion and expansion, and a soft ball core 3 is arranged in the ball blank which is not subjected to carbon atom diffusion;
s5: primary grinding: grinding the ball blank in a grinder to remove surface defects of the previous process, and preparing for next grinding;
s6: and (3) secondary grinding: putting the ball blank into a grinder to grind to obtain a steel ball, and grinding to a specified size to ensure that the steel ball meets the precision requirement;
s7: and (3) fine grinding: putting the steel ball into a lapping machine for fine grinding to polish the surface of the steel ball to a mirror surface;
s8: cleaning: putting the steel ball into a cleaning machine for cleaning to remove surface dirt and achieve the cleanliness requirement specified by a customer;
s9: optical flaw detection: putting the steel ball on an optical flaw detector for flaw detection, emitting light to the mirror surface of the steel ball through optical flaw detection, receiving the analysis principle of the reflection amount, performing full-scale appearance flaw detection, and removing the steel ball with a flaw on the surface;
s10: and (4) finished product inspection: detecting finished steel balls, particularly detecting the surface hardness, the internal hardness and the carburization depth of the steel balls to ensure the quality of the steel balls;
s11: packaging: packaging according to the requirements specified by customers, and coating rust-proof oil on the surface of the steel ball.
The invention changes the prior view, considers the carbon steel ball as a low-grade steel ball, and each manufacturer does not control the carbon content in the steel product in the material link, considers that the deeper the carburization depth of the carbon steel ball is, the better the carburization depth is, the longer the service life is, and does not have the concept of controlling the carburization layer in a reasonable range, and in addition, solves the problem of serious short service life of the carbon steel ball caused by no diffusion process.
In step S4, the temperature during strong infiltration and diffusion is 920 ℃ ± 5, and the temperature during heat preservation is 750 ℃ ± 5.
In step S8, the steel ball after cleaning is quickly dried by an air blower.
In step S8, a cleaning agent is added to the steel ball cleaning water.
The working principle is as follows: the invention controls the hardness of the soft ball core 3 in the steel ball at a lower level, controls the carburized layer at a reasonable thinner range, produces a full hardened layer 1, and increases the diffusion layer 2 through diffusion to improve the service life of the steel ball.
While there have been shown and described the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and advantages thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A processing technology of a mild carburized steel ball is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: and (3) acceptance materials: detecting the material components of the raw material for processing the steel ball;
s2: cold heading: placing the raw materials for processing the steel ball in a high-speed cold header, beating the raw materials into a ball blank through a steel film in the high-speed cold header, and controlling the ball shape and subsequent processing allowance;
s3: polishing: putting the ball blank subjected to cold heading into a ball polishing machine, and rounding the ball blank to prepare for heat treatment;
s4: heat treatment of a mild carburizing process: putting the ball blank into a heat treatment furnace for carburizing, wherein the carburizing comprises forced carburizing and diffusion, and the temperature is kept after the carburizing;
wherein, a full-hardened layer (1) is generated through strong penetration, a diffusion layer (2) is generated through diffusion, and the inner part of the ball blank which is not subjected to carbon atom diffusion is a soft ball core (3);
s5: primary grinding: grinding the ball blank in a grinder to remove surface defects of the previous process, and preparing for next grinding;
s6: and (3) secondary grinding: putting the ball blank into a grinder to grind to obtain a steel ball, and grinding to a specified size to ensure that the steel ball meets the precision requirement;
s7: and (3) fine grinding: putting the steel ball into a lapping machine for fine grinding to polish the surface of the steel ball to a mirror surface;
s8: cleaning: putting the steel ball into a cleaning machine for cleaning to remove surface dirt and achieve the cleanliness requirement specified by a customer;
s9: optical flaw detection: putting the steel ball on an optical flaw detector for flaw detection, emitting light to the mirror surface of the steel ball through optical flaw detection, receiving the analysis principle of the reflection amount, performing full-scale appearance flaw detection, and removing the steel ball with a flaw on the surface;
s10: and (4) finished product inspection: detecting finished steel balls, particularly detecting the surface hardness, the internal hardness and the carburization depth of the steel balls to ensure the quality of the steel balls;
s11: packaging: packaging according to the requirements specified by customers, and coating rust-proof oil on the surface of the steel ball.
2. The processing technology of the mild carburized steel ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S4, the temperature during strong infiltration and diffusion is 920 ℃ ± 5, and the temperature during heat preservation is 750 ℃ ± 5.
3. The processing technology of the mild carburized steel ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S8, the steel ball after cleaning is quickly dried by an air blower.
4. The processing technology of the mild carburized steel ball according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S8, a cleaning agent is added to the steel ball cleaning water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011088085.5A CN112095071A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Processing technology of mild carburization steel ball |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011088085.5A CN112095071A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Processing technology of mild carburization steel ball |
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| CN202011088085.5A Pending CN112095071A (en) | 2020-10-13 | 2020-10-13 | Processing technology of mild carburization steel ball |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113386036A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-09-14 | 海门市力岚轴承科技有限公司 | Self-deslagging bearing grinding process and grinding device thereof |
| CN113832428A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-24 | 江艺东 | Apparatus for maintaining carbon stability during quenching heating |
| CN114574800A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-06-03 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | Micro steel ball and surface carburizing and hardening coordination treatment process |
| CN114643508A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 无锡飞云球业股份有限公司 | Efficient burn-free hard grinding operation method for steel balls |
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| CN111020458A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 河南精诚汽车零部件有限公司 | Heat treatment process of low-carbon steel mold for coal ash and cinder molding brick |
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| JP2011058065A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-24 | Jfe Techno Research Corp | Hollow steel ball, method for producing the same, and bearing ball using the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114643508A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-06-21 | 无锡飞云球业股份有限公司 | Efficient burn-free hard grinding operation method for steel balls |
| CN113386036A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-09-14 | 海门市力岚轴承科技有限公司 | Self-deslagging bearing grinding process and grinding device thereof |
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| CN113832428A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-24 | 江艺东 | Apparatus for maintaining carbon stability during quenching heating |
| CN114574800A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-06-03 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | Micro steel ball and surface carburizing and hardening coordination treatment process |
| CN114574800B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2023-12-01 | 合肥力和机械有限公司 | Miniature steel ball and surface carburization and hardening coordination treatment process |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |