CN112317955A - High-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe fitting - Google Patents
High-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112317955A CN112317955A CN202011106940.0A CN202011106940A CN112317955A CN 112317955 A CN112317955 A CN 112317955A CN 202011106940 A CN202011106940 A CN 202011106940A CN 112317955 A CN112317955 A CN 112317955A
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- Prior art keywords
- cladding
- pipe fitting
- laser
- light guide
- wall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of a pipe fitting, which comprises a machine table, a clamping seat, a laser cladding head and a laser, wherein the clamping seat is rotatably arranged on the machine table and is used for clamping the pipe fitting to be processed, the laser cladding head is driven by a mechanical arm to move, the laser cladding head emits laser beams, the laser cladding head comprises a light guide cylinder and a cladding end head, the light guide cylinder is connected with the laser at the near end, the cladding end head is arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder and is provided with a laser projection channel, and a micro lens array, a first column focusing lens and a second column focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the cladding end head from the back to. In the process of carrying out laser cladding processing on the pipe fitting to be processed, the laser cladding device only needs to drive the pipe fitting to be processed to rotate and drive the laser cladding head to move in a translation mode along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be processed; meanwhile, the laser cladding head can convert the circular light spot into the rectangular light spot, cladding efficiency can be remarkably improved, and meanwhile cladding flatness is also greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser cladding, in particular to a high-speed laser cladding device for an inner wall of a pipe fitting.
Background
In the prior art, in a laser cladding system for the inner surface of a bar, a collimated circular laser beam is focused on the outer surface of the bar through a focusing lens to form a circular light spot. The circular spot couples with the powder fed into it to form a cladding layer on the outer surface of the bar. The round light spot and the powder fed into the round light spot are coupled to form a cladding layer on the surface of the bar, the diameter of the round light spot formed on a cladding substrate by a focusing mirror is generally 1-3mm, and the round light spot is a Gaussian round light spot, so that the problems that a single-pass cladding layer formed by cladding is narrow, the surface is uneven, the cladding efficiency is not high and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of a pipe fitting so as to improve the laser cladding processing efficiency of the inner wall of the pipe fitting.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of a pipe fitting comprises a machine table, a clamping seat which is rotatably arranged on the machine table and is used for clamping the pipe fitting to be processed, and a laser cladding head which is driven by a mechanical arm to move, and a laser for emitting laser beam, wherein the laser cladding head comprises a light guide cylinder with a proximal end connected with the laser and a collimating mirror arranged at the proximal end of the light guide cylinder, and a cladding end head which is arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder and is provided with a laser projection channel, wherein a micro-lens array, a first column focusing lens and a second column focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the cladding end head along the laser projection channel from back to front, the micro lens array comprises a plurality of micro lenses which are arrayed along the extending direction vertical to the laser projection channel, and the incident surface of each micro lens is an arc surface arched facing the projected laser beam; the first column focusing lens and the second column focusing lens are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first column focusing lens is provided with a first focusing surface, the second column focusing lens is provided with a second focusing surface, and the first focusing surface and the second focusing surface are arc surfaces arched along a projected laser beam.
Preferably, the light guide cylinder is provided with a light guide channel extending along the length direction of the light guide cylinder, the extending direction of the light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of the laser projection channel, and a reflector for reflecting the laser beam from the light guide channel into the laser projection channel is arranged at the rear part of the cladding end.
Preferably, the cladding tip extends perpendicularly from the distal end of the light guide barrel towards one side of the light guide barrel.
Preferably, the front end of the first focusing surface has a first arc arch extending in the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing mirror, the front end of the second focusing surface has a second arc arch extending in the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing mirror, and the length extension directions of the first arc arch and the second arc arch are perpendicular to each other.
Preferably, the laser cladding head further comprises a powder feeding nozzle, wherein the powder feeding nozzle at least comprises a nozzle opening, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the cladding end head.
Further, the powder feeding nozzle is in a conical shape with a large back and a small front, and the powder feeding nozzle is connected to the outer side of the cladding end through a powder feeding pipeline.
Furthermore, the laser cladding head also comprises an air knife which is arranged in front of the cladding end head and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the air outlet.
Preferably, the robot arm has at least one drive arm for holding and mounting the light guide tube, and the drive arm is arranged to be able to translate at least along the length extension direction of the pipe to be processed.
Further, the length extension direction of the light guide cylinder, the translational motion direction of the driving arm and the length extension direction of the pipe fitting are parallel to each other.
Furthermore, a plurality of groups of movable supports which can be adjusted along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be processed are arranged on the machine table, and the top of each movable support is provided with a supporting seat on which the pipe fitting can be supported around the axis of the pipe fitting.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: according to the high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, the pipe fitting to be machined is arranged in a rotating mode through the clamping seat, the mechanical arm is used for clamping the laser cladding head to enable the laser cladding head to penetrate into the inner hole of the pipe fitting to be machined so as to machine the inner wall of the pipe fitting, and only the pipe fitting to be machined needs to be driven to rotate and the laser cladding head needs to be driven to move in a translation mode along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be machined in the machining process; simultaneously, the novel laser cladding head structure that adopts is compact, can be applicable to the laser cladding processing of less aperture hole, and this laser cladding head can convert circular facula into the rectangle facula, can show ground promotion cladding efficiency, and the cladding roughness also improves by a wide margin simultaneously.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a laser cladding apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a laser cladding head used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a laser cladding head employed in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural decomposition diagram of a cladding tip in a laser cladding head employed in the present invention;
FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic views of a first cylindrical focusing lens in a cladding tip;
FIGS. 7a and 7b are schematic views of a second cylindrical focusing lens in a cladding tip;
FIG. 8 is a laser beam projection route diagram in a laser cladding head employed in the present invention;
wherein: 10. a machine platform; 20. a clamping seat; 30. a robot arm; 301. a drive arm; 40. a laser; 50. a water cooling machine; 60. laser cladding head; 70. moving the support; 701. a supporting seat; 80. a pipe fitting to be processed;
1. a light guide tube; 11. a laser connector; 12. a connecting seat; 2. cladding the end; 3. a powder feeding nozzle; 31. a powder feeding pipeline; 3a, a nozzle opening; 4. a mirror; 5. a microlens array; 6. a first cylindrical focusing lens; 61. a first focal plane; 7. A second cylindrical focusing mirror; 71. a second focal plane; 8. an air knife; 9. a collimating mirror.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the high-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe includes a machine table 10, a clamping base 20 rotatably disposed on the machine table 10 for clamping a pipe 80 to be processed, a laser cladding head 60 driven by a robot 30 to move, a laser 40 for emitting laser beam, and a water cooling machine 50.
The holder 20 specifically adopts a three-jaw chuck, which can clamp and fix the pipe fitting 80 to be processed at one end thereof, and the laser cladding head 60 can penetrate into the inner hole thereof from the other end of the pipe fitting 80 to be processed to perform laser cladding processing on the inner wall of the pipe fitting. The machine 10 is further provided with a plurality of sets of movable supports 70 capable of being adjusted in position along the length direction of the pipe 80 to be processed, the top of each movable support 70 is provided with a support seat 701 on which the pipe 80 to be processed can be supported in a rotating manner around the axis of the pipe 80 to be processed, and when the pipe 80 to be processed is long, one or more movable supports 70 can be used for auxiliary support. Therefore, the clamping seat 20 is driven to rotate to drive the pipe fitting 80 to be processed to rotate around the axis line of the pipe fitting, the laser cladding head 60 is driven by the mechanical arm 30 to move along the length direction parallel to the pipe fitting 80 to be processed, and the inner wall of the whole pipe fitting can be processed.
The laser cladding head 60 comprises a light guide cylinder 1, a collimating lens 9 arranged at the near end of the light guide cylinder 1, and a cladding end 2 arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder 1. Here, the proximal end and the distal end are proximal ends, and the end connected to the laser 40 is the distal end, in the use process of the laser cladding head 60.
Referring to fig. 2 to 7b, in the present embodiment, the cladding tip 2 extends vertically from the distal end of the light guide cylinder 1 toward one side of the light guide cylinder 1. Cladding end 2 has the laser and throws the passageway, and light guide tube 1 has the light guide channel that extends along self length direction, and the extending direction of above-mentioned light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of laser projection passageway each other, and cladding end 2's rear portion is equipped with and is used for throwing the speculum 4 in the passageway to the laser with the laser beam in the light guide channel. Here, the front and rear of the cladding tip 2 are defined with reference to the front and rear directions of the laser beam when it is transmitted along the laser projection passage.
A micro lens array 5, a first column focusing lens 6 and a second column focusing lens 7 are sequentially arranged on the cladding end 2 from back to front along the laser projection channel, wherein the micro lens array 5 comprises a plurality of micro lenses (not shown in the figure) which are arranged in an array manner, and the arrangement direction of the plurality of micro lenses is perpendicular to the extension direction of the laser projection channel; the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 and the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first cylindrical focusing mirror has a first focusing surface 61, the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 has a second focusing surface 71, and the first focusing surface 61 and the second focusing surface 71 are both arc surfaces arched along the projected laser beam.
Specifically, the first focusing plane 61 has a first arcuate camber extending in the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6, and the second focusing plane 71 has a second arcuate camber extending in the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7, the longitudinal extension directions of both the first arcuate camber and the second arcuate camber being perpendicular to each other.
The proximal end of the light guide barrel 1 is further provided with a laser connector 11, and the laser connector 11 is provided with a QBH interface for connecting with the laser 40.
So, the laser beam that diverges from laser 40 becomes parallel laser beam after 9 collimation treatments of collimating mirror, this parallel laser beam throws to reflector 4 along the leaded light passageway of leaded light section of thick bamboo 1, then throws the passageway by reflector 4 reflection to the laser that melts and covers end 2, then change into vertical direction evenly, the horizontal direction is the rectangular spot of gaussian distribution after passing through microlens array 5, first post focusing mirror 6 and second post focusing mirror 7 in proper order, this rectangular spot can guarantee that the high efficiency that melts and covers goes on. The rectangular light spot is a semi-homogenized light spot, and the energy density of each point in the vertical direction in the light spot is the same, so that a smoother cladding layer can be formed when the rectangular light spot is coupled with powder.
Fig. 8 shows a laser beam projection route and principle in the laser cladding head of the present invention, in which a microlens array 5 and two cylindrical focusing mirrors (a first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 and a second cylindrical focusing mirror 7) are employed to form a unidirectional rectangular homogenization light spot optical system, through which rectangular light spots that are uniform in the vertical direction and gaussian in the horizontal direction can be obtained. Referring to fig. 8, a laser beam is emitted from an optical fiber, collimated by a collimator lens 9, emitted to a one-dimensional microlens array 5, divided into a plurality of sub-beams by the microlens array 5, and then focused by two sets of cylindrical focusing lenses to form a one-dimensional non-imaging microlens homogenization system, and light spots with a certain width and uniform distribution are obtained on the back focal plane of the cylindrical focusing lenses. In the horizontal direction in fig. 8, the laser beam is emitted by the optical fiber, collimated by the collimating mirror 9, passes through the one-dimensional microlens array 5 and the first cylindrical focusing mirror 6 focused in the vertical direction, without affecting the optical path in the horizontal direction, and is finally focused by the second cylindrical focusing mirror 7 focused in the horizontal direction, but the focal planes of the two cylindrical focusing lenses focused in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are not coincident, so that defocusing exists in the horizontal direction, different defocusing distances correspond to different horizontal direction light spot widths, and the light spots in the horizontal direction are obtained by defocusing, so that the light intensity distribution is gaussian distribution.
The laser cladding head 60 further comprises a powder feeding nozzle 3, the powder feeding nozzle 3 is connected to the outer side of the cladding end head 2 through a powder feeding pipeline 31, the powder feeding nozzle 3 is in a conical shape with a large back and a small front, and is at least provided with a nozzle opening 3a, the nozzle opening 3a is positioned in front of the cladding end head 2, and powder sprayed from the nozzle opening 3a and laser beams projected from the front end of the cladding end head 2 can simultaneously act on a surface to be processed to realize laser cladding processing.
The powder feeding nozzle 3 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed small holes, so that powder can be uniformly fed into the surface to be processed during cladding work, and the flatness of a cladding layer is guaranteed.
The laser cladding head 60 further comprises an air knife 8 which is arranged in front of the cladding end head 2 and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening 3a is positioned in front of the air outlet, so that high-temperature flying powder can be prevented from entering the laser projection channel to damage each lens.
Referring to fig. 1, the robot arm 30 is a six-axis robot having at least a driving arm 301 for holding and installing the light guide tube 1, the driving arm 301 being at least capable of being translationally disposed along the length extension direction of the pipe 80 to be processed, where the light guide tube 1 is further fixedly disposed with a connecting base 12, and the laser cladding head 60 is fixed to the driving arm 301 and driven to move by the driving arm 301 through the fixed connection between the connecting base 12 and the driving arm 301.
In summary, in the high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe, the pipe 80 to be processed is rotatably arranged through the clamping seat 20, and the mechanical arm is used for clamping the laser cladding head 60 so that the laser cladding head can penetrate into the inner hole of the pipe 80 to be processed to process the inner wall of the pipe, only the pipe 80 to be processed is required to be driven to rotate in the processing process, and the laser cladding head 60 is required to be driven to move in a translation manner along the length direction of the pipe 80 to be processed, so that the processing operation is convenient and the efficiency is high; simultaneously, the neotype laser cladding head 60 that adopts compact structure can be applicable to the hole cladding processing within 150mm of diameter, and this laser cladding head 60 can convert circular facula into the rectangle facula, compares traditional circular facula optical system, and the cladding layer that the single cladding formed is wide a lot, can show ground promotion cladding's efficiency, and the cladding roughness also improves by a wide margin simultaneously.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high-speed laser cladding device of pipe fitting inner wall which characterized in that: the laser cladding device comprises a machine table, a clamping seat which is rotatably arranged on the machine table and is used for clamping a pipe fitting to be processed, a laser cladding head which is driven by a mechanical arm to move, and a laser which emits laser beams, wherein the laser cladding head comprises a light guide cylinder, a collimating mirror and a cladding end head, the light guide cylinder is connected with the laser at the near end, the collimating mirror is arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder, the cladding end head is arranged at the far end of the light guide cylinder and is provided with a laser projection channel,
a micro-lens array, a first cylindrical focusing lens and a second cylindrical focusing lens are sequentially arranged on the cladding end head from back to front along the laser projection channel, the micro-lens array comprises a plurality of micro-lenses which are arrayed in the extending direction vertical to the laser projection channel, and the incident surface of each micro-lens is an arc surface arched facing the projected laser beam; the first column focusing lens and the second column focusing lens are arranged in an orthogonal direction, wherein the first column focusing lens is provided with a first focusing surface, the second column focusing lens is provided with a second focusing surface, and the first focusing surface and the second focusing surface are arc surfaces arched along a projected laser beam.
2. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, which is used for the cladding of the inner wall of the pipe fitting, is characterized in that: the light guide cylinder is provided with a light guide channel extending along the length direction of the light guide cylinder, the extending direction of the light guide channel is perpendicular to the extending direction of the laser projection channel, and a reflector used for reflecting laser beams in the light guide channel to the laser projection channel is arranged at the rear part of the cladding end.
3. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, which is used for the cladding of the inner wall of the pipe fitting, is characterized in that: the cladding tip extends vertically from the distal end of the light guide tube toward one side of the light guide tube.
4. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, which is used for the cladding of the inner wall of the pipe fitting, is characterized in that: the front end of the first focusing surface is provided with a first arc arch extending along the radial direction of the first cylindrical focusing lens, the front end of the second focusing surface is provided with a second arc arch extending along the radial direction of the second cylindrical focusing lens, and the length extension directions of the first arc arch and the second arc arch are mutually vertical.
5. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, which is used for the cladding of the inner wall of the pipe fitting, is characterized in that: the laser cladding head also comprises a powder feeding nozzle, wherein the powder feeding nozzle is at least provided with a nozzle opening, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the cladding end head.
6. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the powder feeding nozzle is in a conical shape with a large back and a small front, and the powder feeding nozzle is connected to the outer side of the cladding end through a powder feeding pipeline.
7. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the laser cladding head also comprises an air knife which is arranged in front of the cladding end head and is provided with an air outlet, and the nozzle opening is positioned in front of the air outlet.
8. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the mechanical arm at least comprises a driving arm used for clamping and installing the light guide cylinder, and the driving arm can be at least arranged in a translational mode along the length extending direction of the pipe fitting to be processed.
9. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the length extension direction of the light guide cylinder, the translational motion direction of the driving arm and the length extension direction of the pipe fitting are parallel to each other.
10. The high-speed laser cladding device for the inner wall of the pipe fitting, according to claim 8, is characterized in that: the machine table is also provided with a plurality of groups of movable supports which can be adjusted along the length direction of the pipe fitting to be processed, and the top of each movable support is provided with a supporting seat on which the pipe fitting can be supported around the axis of the pipe fitting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011106940.0A CN112317955A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | High-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe fitting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011106940.0A CN112317955A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | High-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe fitting |
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| CN112317955A true CN112317955A (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202011106940.0A Pending CN112317955A (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2020-10-16 | High-speed laser cladding device for inner wall of pipe fitting |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115287653A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-04 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Laser cladding device and method for inner wall of pipe fitting |
| CN115710703A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-24 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Method and machine tool for preparing corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cladding layer by ultrahigh-speed laser cladding |
-
2020
- 2020-10-16 CN CN202011106940.0A patent/CN112317955A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115287653A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-04 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Laser cladding device and method for inner wall of pipe fitting |
| CN115287653B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-04-25 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Laser cladding device and laser cladding method for inner wall of pipe fitting |
| CN115710703A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-24 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Method and machine tool for preparing corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant cladding layer by ultrahigh-speed laser cladding |
| CN115710703B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-11-03 | 山东雷石智能制造股份有限公司 | Method and machine tool for preparing corrosion-resistant wear-resistant cladding layer by ultra-high-speed laser cladding |
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