CN112311478A - Array antenna calibration method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Array antenna calibration method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112311478A
CN112311478A CN202011119795.XA CN202011119795A CN112311478A CN 112311478 A CN112311478 A CN 112311478A CN 202011119795 A CN202011119795 A CN 202011119795A CN 112311478 A CN112311478 A CN 112311478A
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China
Prior art keywords
array antenna
calibrated
beacon
position information
array
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CN202011119795.XA
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CN112311478B (en
Inventor
王斌
陈工羽
瞿金桥
齐俊
段仕勇
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Shanghai Nano Technology Co ltd
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Shanghai Zaide Information Security Technology Co ltd
Shanghai Zaide Information Technology Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/10—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters
    • H04B17/11—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration
    • H04B17/12—Monitoring; Testing of transmitters for calibration of transmit antennas, e.g. of the amplitude or phase
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/21—Monitoring; Testing of receivers for calibration; for correcting measurements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a calibration method, a device, equipment and a storage medium of an array antenna, wherein the calibration method comprises the following steps: acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated; determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated; controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon according to the second position information and hover at the air fixed point, so that the beacon is located at the second position indicated by the second position information; the embodiment of the invention can avoid the influence of the reflection of the ground and the barrier on the calibration process and improve the calibration precision.

Description

Array antenna calibration method, device, equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for calibrating an array antenna.
Background
The array antenna adopts a mode of spatial synthesis of a plurality of antenna units to realize the transmission and the reception of wave beams, and due to the reasons of materials, devices, circuit production processes and the like, channels corresponding to different antenna units have amplitude differences, so that the amplitude and phase calibration is carried out on each channel corresponding to each antenna unit to ensure that each channel has consistent amplitude and phase characteristics, and the array antenna is a precondition for the effective work of the array antenna.
The far field calibration based on the beacon is an ideal means for calibrating the array antenna, the currently common far field calibration based on the beacon utilizes the ground beacon, namely the beacon is placed on a wide ground with a flat background, when the distance between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated meets a far field condition, the array antenna to be calibrated and the beacon are used for receiving and transmitting test signals mutually, and the test signals are analyzed to calculate the amplitude phase difference of each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, so that the array antenna calibration is completed.
In practice, it is found that ground and obstacle reflection can seriously affect the accuracy of ground far-field calibration based on the far-field calibration of the ground beacon, so that the ground-beacon-based far-field calibration has high requirements on calibration terrain, environment and the like, and the ground-beacon-based far-field calibration engineering has high implementation difficulty and long period, and cannot meet the calibration requirements of the array antenna with high requirements on real-time performance, usability and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a calibration method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for an array antenna, which can avoid the influence of ground and obstacle reflection during calibration, and improve calibration accuracy.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for calibrating an array antenna, where the method includes:
acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated;
determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon according to the second position information and hover at the fixed point in the air, so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information;
and calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
Optionally, the determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes:
determining an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated; and
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the determining, according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated, an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval of the beacon and the array plane normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated includes:
determining the main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and in the coverage range of the main beam, determining an azimuth angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset azimuth angle threshold, and determining a pitch angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset pitch angle threshold.
Optionally, the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes: the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the determining, according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated, a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated includes:
calculating the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibratedA distance threshold between a beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated, wherein the distance threshold is 2D2λ, where D represents the diameter of the array antenna to be calibrated, and λ represents the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the distance threshold.
Optionally, the controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at the air fixed point according to the second location information so that the beacon is located at the second location indicated by the second location information includes:
controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to take off in a preset direction in the distance interval;
acquiring real-time position information of the beacon;
calculating a real-time azimuth angle and a real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the real-time position information of the beacon and the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and adjusting the flight attitude of the aircraft according to the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time pitch angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated until the real-time azimuth angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated is within the azimuth angle interval and the real-time pitch angle is within the pitch angle interval, and controlling the aircraft to hover at a fixed point in the air.
Optionally, the calibrating, at the second location, each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon includes:
receiving first test signals transmitted by each transmitting channel of the array antenna to be calibrated at the second position, and analyzing and calculating the first test signals to obtain amplitude compensation parameters and phase compensation parameters of the corresponding transmitting channels;
transmitting a second test signal to the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position, acquiring the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and analyzing and calculating the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of the corresponding receiving channel;
and sending the amplitude compensation parameters of all transmitting channels, the phase compensation parameters of all transmitting channels, the amplitude compensation parameters of all receiving channels and the phase compensation parameters of all receiving channels to the array antenna to be calibrated.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for calibrating an array antenna, where the apparatus includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring first position information and characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
the determining module is used for determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
the control module is used for controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at a fixed point in the air according to the second position information so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information;
and the calibration module is used for calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
Optionally, the determining module includes:
the first determining submodule is used for determining an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated; and
and the second determining submodule is used for determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the first determining submodule is specifically configured to:
determining the main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and in the coverage range of the main beam, determining an azimuth angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset azimuth angle threshold, and determining a pitch angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset pitch angle threshold.
Optionally, the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes: the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Optionally, the second determining submodule is specifically configured to:
calculating a distance threshold value between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated, wherein the distance threshold value is 2D2λ, where D represents the diameter of the array antenna to be calibrated, and λ represents the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the distance threshold.
Optionally, the control module comprises:
the control submodule is used for controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to take off in a preset direction in the distance interval;
the acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the real-time position information of the beacon;
the calculating submodule is used for calculating a real-time azimuth angle and a real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the real-time position information of the beacon and the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and the adjusting submodule is used for adjusting the flight attitude of the aircraft according to the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated until the real-time azimuth angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated is located in the azimuth angle interval and the real-time pitch angle is located in the pitch angle interval, and controlling the aircraft to hover at a fixed point in the air.
Optionally, the calibration module comprises:
the first calibration submodule is used for receiving first test signals transmitted by each transmitting channel of the array antenna to be calibrated at the second position, and analyzing and calculating the first test signals to obtain amplitude compensation parameters and phase compensation parameters of the corresponding transmitting channels;
the second calibration submodule is used for transmitting a second test signal to the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position, acquiring the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and analyzing and calculating the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of the corresponding receiving channel;
and the sending submodule is used for sending the amplitude compensation parameters of all the transmitting channels, the phase compensation parameters of all the transmitting channels, the amplitude compensation parameters of all the receiving channels and the phase compensation parameters of all the receiving channels to the array antenna to be calibrated.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement a picture display method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements a picture display method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated are obtained, the second position information of the beacon is determined according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated, then the aircraft is controlled to fly with the beacon according to the second position information and hover at a fixed point in the air, so that the beacon is located at the second position indicated by the second position information, and finally, each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated is calibrated by using the beacon at the second position. The embodiment of the invention can place the beacon in the air, and provides the array antenna calibration method based on the aerial beacon, and the beacon is not placed on the ground any more, so that the influence of the reflection of the ground and an obstacle in the calibration process can be avoided, and the calibration precision is improved; and the beacon is arranged in the air through the aircraft to realize the calibration process, the implementation process is flexible and simple, the efficiency is high, and the calibration requirement of the array antenna under more scenes can be met.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a calibration method for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a calibration method for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a process of determining second location information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart illustrating placement of a beacon at a second location according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the pitch and azimuth positions of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the calibration of the array antenna at the second position according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a calibration apparatus for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Because the existing array antenna calibration scheme based on the ground beacon is easily influenced by the reflection of the ground and the obstacle, and the calibration precision is low, the embodiment of the invention provides the calibration scheme based on the array antenna of the aerial beacon, which can avoid the influence of the reflection of the ground and the obstacle in the calibration process and improve the calibration precision. The calibration method for the array antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the calibration apparatus for the array antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the calibration apparatus may be implemented in a manner of hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, and a beacon may be integrated in the calibration apparatus. In the following embodiments, the calibration method is implemented in the calibration apparatus, and a beacon is integrated in the calibration apparatus for example, a specific application scenario of the calibration method for an array antenna according to the embodiments of the present invention may be as shown in fig. 1, where the calibration method includes an array antenna to be calibrated, a calibration apparatus, and an aircraft, where the array antenna to be calibrated may be separately arranged or integrated in a communication device, such as a base station; the aircraft may be any device having flight capabilities, and in one particular embodiment, the aircraft may be, for example, a drone.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, after the position of the array antenna to be calibrated is fixed, the calibration device may obtain first position information and feature information of the array antenna to be calibrated, determine second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the feature information of the array antenna to be calibrated, control the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at a fixed point in the air according to the second position information, so that the beacon is located at the second position indicated by the second position information, and then calibrate each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position, so as to calibrate the array antenna to be calibrated by using the air beacon.
It should be noted that the application scenario shown in fig. 1 is only an example, and does not limit the type, deployment manner, and the like of the actual application scenario.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a calibration method for an array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 101, acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated.
In a specific implementation, the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated may be a spatial position coordinate of the array antenna to be calibrated, and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated may be a diameter and an operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated. After the deployment of the array antenna to be calibrated is completed, the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated can be stored as fixed parameters, and when the array antenna to be calibrated needs to be calibrated, the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated, which are stored in advance, can be acquired.
And 102, determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Specifically, the beacon may be selected according to an array antenna to be calibrated or an actual calibration requirement, for example, in order to calibrate the array antenna with different working frequency points, a broadband beacon may be selected; for another example, an omnidirectional beacon or a directional beacon may be selected according to an actually required radiation range. The determined second location information may be a location point or a location range, and is not limited in detail herein.
And 103, controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon according to the second position information and hover at the air fixed point, so that the beacon is located at the second position indicated by the second position information.
For example, when the second location is a location point, the aircraft may be controlled to bring the beacon directly to the location point for hovering, and when the second location is a location range, the aircraft may be controlled to bring the beacon directly to any point within the location range for hovering.
And 104, calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
Specifically, the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated may be used to receive and transmit test signals, the test signals are analyzed and calculated to obtain an amplitude-phase difference value of each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, an amplitude-phase compensation value of each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated is obtained according to the amplitude-phase difference value of each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and the amplitude-phase compensation value of each channel is sent to the array antenna to be calibrated, so that the array antenna to be calibrated calibrates the amplitude-phase value of the corresponding channel according to the amplitude-phase compensation value of each channel.
By the technical scheme, the beacon is placed in the air, the array antenna calibration method based on the air beacon is provided, and the beacon is not placed on the ground any more, so that the influence of the reflection of the ground and an obstacle on the calibration process can be avoided, and the calibration precision is improved; and the beacon is arranged in the air through the aircraft to realize the calibration process, the implementation process is flexible and simple, the efficiency is high, and the calibration requirement of the array antenna under more scenes can be met.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the step 102 of determining the second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated may include the following steps:
step 1021, determining an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
For example, the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated and the coverage of the main beam may be determined first, in the coverage of the main beam, an azimuth angle interval between the beacon and the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated is determined according to a preset azimuth angle threshold, and a pitch angle interval between the beacon and the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated is determined according to a preset pitch angle threshold, so as to ensure that the beacon is in the coverage of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated and the normal main beam.
For example, the center of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated may be found, generally speaking, the array antenna with a regular shape has the center of the array plane as its geometric center, and then the center of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated is taken as the end point of the ray to find the ray perpendicular to the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated, where the direction pointed by the ray may be the normal direction of the array plane. The main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated is usually within a preset angle of the normal direction of the array surface, for example, the main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated is within ± 50 ° of the normal direction of the array surface.
The preset azimuth angle threshold and the preset pitch angle threshold can be set according to actual requirements, the smaller the preset azimuth angle threshold and the preset pitch angle threshold are, the smaller the determined azimuth angle interval and the pitch angle interval are, the smaller the position range of the finally determined beacon in the air is, the more accurate the alignment calibration result is, and correspondingly, the greater the alignment difficulty of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated is. In a specific embodiment, for example, the azimuth angle threshold and the pitch angle threshold may be set to 3 °, 5 °, and the like, and the azimuth angle threshold and the pitch angle threshold may be the same or different. In a specific embodiment, in order to align the beacon with the array antenna to be calibrated to the maximum extent, the azimuth angle threshold and the pitch angle threshold may be set to 0, that is, the beacon is directly facing the normal direction of the array surface of the array antenna to be calibrated, so as to improve the calibration accuracy to the maximum extent.
And step 1022, determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
Specifically, taking the example that the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes the diameter and the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated, the distance threshold between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated may be calculated according to the diameter and the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated, where the distance threshold is 2D2λ, where D represents the diameter of the array antenna to be calibrated, and λ represents the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated; determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the distance threshold, wherein the distance interval can be [2D ]2λ, ∞), i.e. the distance between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated is not less than 2D2And/lambda to ensure that the beacon is in the far field region of the array antenna to be calibrated.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the step 103 of controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at the fixed point in the air according to the second location information so that the beacon is located at the second location indicated by the second location information may include the following steps:
and step 1031, controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to take off in the preset direction in the distance interval.
For example, it can be 2D right in front of the array antenna to be calibrated2And controlling the takeoff of the aircraft carrying the beacon at a position other than the position of/lambda.
Step 1032, the real-time location information of the beacon is obtained.
For example, the real-time spatial position coordinates of the beacon may be obtained by a Global Positioning System (GPS) provided on the calibration device during the takeoff of the aircraft.
And 1033, calculating a real-time azimuth angle and a real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the real-time position information of the beacon and the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
In a specific embodiment, the positions of the real-time azimuth angle b and the real-time pitch angle a of the beacon and the array plane normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated may be as shown in fig. 5, the real-time pitch angle a may represent the position of the beacon offset from the array plane normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated up and down, and the real-time azimuth angle b may represent the position of the beacon offset from the array plane normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated left and right.
And 1034, adjusting the flight posture of the aircraft according to the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time pitch angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated until the real-time azimuth angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated is in the azimuth angle interval and the real-time pitch angle is in the pitch angle interval, and controlling the aircraft to hover at the fixed point in the air.
For example, the flight direction of the aircraft may be adjusted, e.g., up, down, left, right, etc., based on the real-time azimuth and real-time pitch angles of the beacon and the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated, such that the beacon is located within the specified range of positions. In addition, when the beacon is a directional beacon, the flight attitude of the aircraft can be adjusted, so that the transmitting beam direction of the beacon points to the array antenna to be calibrated.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 6, the step 104 of calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position may include the following steps:
step 1041, receiving the first test signal transmitted by each transmitting channel of the array antenna to be calibrated at the second position, and analyzing and calculating the first test signal to obtain the amplitude compensation parameter and the phase compensation parameter of the corresponding transmitting channel.
And 1042, transmitting a second test signal to the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position, acquiring the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and analyzing and calculating the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of the corresponding receiving channel.
And 1043, sending the amplitude compensation parameter of each transmitting channel, the phase compensation parameter of each transmitting channel, the amplitude compensation parameter of each receiving channel and the phase compensation parameter of each receiving channel to the array antenna to be calibrated.
In the specific implementation, when calculating the amplitude compensation parameter and the phase compensation parameter of each transmitting channel and each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, the amplitude value and the phase value of the specified channel can be taken as the basis, and the amplitude value and the phase value of other channels are correspondingly compensated and consistent with the amplitude value and the phase value of the specified channel; for example, when calculating the amplitude compensation parameter and the phase compensation parameter of each transmission channel, one transmission channel may be selected from each transmission channel as a reference channel, and the amplitude values and the phase values of the reference channel are compensated to be correspondingly consistent with the amplitude values and the phase values of the reference channel based on the amplitude values and the phase values of the reference channel. In addition, the amplitude value and the phase value of each channel may be compensated to correspond to the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value according to the preset amplitude value and the preset phase value, which is not limited herein.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the azimuth angle interval and the pitch angle interval of the normal direction of the array planes of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated and the distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated are determined by calculation according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated, and the position of the beacon in the air is three-dimensionally located through the azimuth angle interval, the pitch angle interval and the distance interval, so as to improve the calibration accuracy as much as possible.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a calibration apparatus for an array antenna, as shown in fig. 7, the calibration apparatus includes:
an obtaining module 701, configured to obtain first position information and feature information of an array antenna to be calibrated;
a determining module 702, configured to determine second location information of a beacon according to the first location information and the feature information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
a control module 703, configured to control the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at a fixed point in the air according to the second location information, so that the beacon is located at the second location indicated by the second location information;
a calibration module 704, configured to calibrate, at the second location, each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the determining module 702 includes:
the first determining submodule 7021 is configured to determine an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval in the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated; and
and the second determining submodule 7022 is configured to determine a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
In an embodiment, the first determining sub-module 7021 is specifically configured to:
determining the main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and in the coverage range of the main beam, determining an azimuth angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset azimuth angle threshold, and determining a pitch angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset pitch angle threshold.
In an embodiment, the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes: the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated.
In an embodiment, the second determining sub-module 7022 is specifically configured to:
calculating a distance threshold value between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated, wherein the distance threshold value is 2D2λ, where D represents the diameter of the array antenna to be calibrated, and λ represents the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the distance threshold.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the control module 703 includes:
the control submodule 7031 is configured to control the aircraft carrying the beacon to take off in a preset direction in the distance interval;
an obtaining sub-module 7032, configured to obtain real-time location information of the beacon;
a calculating submodule 7033, configured to calculate a real-time azimuth angle and a real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the real-time position information of the beacon and the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and an adjusting submodule 7034, configured to adjust the flight attitude of the aircraft according to the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated, until the real-time azimuth angle of the beacon and the normal direction of the array plane of the array antenna to be calibrated is located in the azimuth angle interval, and when the real-time pitch angle is located in the pitch angle interval, control the aircraft to hover at a fixed point in the air.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the calibration module 704 includes:
the first calibration submodule 7041 is configured to receive, at the second position, a first test signal transmitted by each transmission channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and perform analysis calculation on the first test signal to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of a corresponding transmission channel;
the second calibration submodule 7042 is configured to transmit a second test signal to the to-be-calibrated array antenna at the second position by using the beacon, acquire the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the to-be-calibrated array antenna, and analyze and calculate the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the to-be-calibrated array antenna to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of a corresponding receiving channel;
and a sending submodule 7043, configured to send the amplitude compensation parameter of each transmitting channel, the phase compensation parameter of each transmitting channel, the amplitude compensation parameter of each receiving channel, and the phase compensation parameter of each receiving channel to the array antenna to be calibrated.
It is obvious to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be performed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to perform all or part of the above described functions. For the specific working process of the functional module, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
According to the calibration device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated are obtained, the second position information of the beacon is determined according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated, then the aircraft carrying the beacon is controlled to fly and hover at a fixed point in the air according to the second position information, so that the beacon is located at the second position indicated by the second position information, and finally, each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated is calibrated by using the beacon at the second position. The embodiment of the invention can place the beacon in the air, and provides the array antenna calibration method based on the aerial beacon, and the beacon is not placed on the ground any more, so that the influence of the reflection of the ground and an obstacle in the calibration process can be avoided, and the calibration precision is improved; and the beacon is arranged in the air through the aircraft to realize the calibration process, the implementation process is flexible and simple, the efficiency is high, and the calibration requirement of the array antenna under more scenes can be met.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 shows a block diagram of a device 12 suitable for implementing an embodiment of the invention. The device 12 shown in fig. 9 is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the function and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 9, device 12 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of device 12 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 16, a system memory 28, and a bus 18 that couples various system components including the system memory 28 and the processing unit 16.
Bus 18 represents one or more of any of several types of bus structures, including a memory bus or memory controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, and a processor or local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures. By way of example, such architectures include, but are not limited to, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, micro-channel architecture (MAC) bus, enhanced ISA bus, Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) local bus, and Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus.
Device 12 typically includes a variety of computer system readable media. Such media may be any available media that is accessible by device 12 and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
The system memory 28 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM)30 and/or cache memory 32. Device 12 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 34 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 9, and commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 9, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 18 by one or more data media interfaces. Memory 28 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 40 having a set (at least one) of program modules 42 may be stored, for example, in memory 28, such program modules 42 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which examples or some combination thereof may comprise an implementation of a network environment. Program modules 42 generally carry out the functions and/or methodologies of the described embodiments of the invention.
Device 12 may also communicate with one or more external devices 14 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 24, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the computer device 12, and/or with any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the computer device 12 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through an input/output (I/O) interface 22. Also, the device 12 may communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the Internet) via the network adapter 20. As shown, network adapter 20 communicates with the other modules of computer device 12 via bus 18. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 9, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with device 12, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, among others.
The processing unit 16 executes various functional applications and data processing by running a program stored in the system memory 28, for example, to implement the calibration method of the array antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention:
that is, the processing unit implements, when executing the program: acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated; determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated; controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to fly and hover at the air fixed point according to the second position information so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information; and calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
Embodiments of the present invention further provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the calibration method for an array antenna according to all embodiments of the present invention:
that is, the program when executed by the processor implements: acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated; determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated; controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to fly and hover at the air fixed point according to the second position information so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information; and calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be employed. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for calibrating an array antenna, comprising:
acquiring first position information and characteristic information of an array antenna to be calibrated;
determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon according to the second position information and hover at the fixed point in the air, so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information;
and calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
2. The method for calibrating an array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the determining second position information of a beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated comprises:
determining an azimuth angle interval and a pitch angle interval of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated; and
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated.
3. The method for calibrating the array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the determining the azimuth angle interval and the pitch angle interval of the beacon and the normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated includes:
determining the main beam coverage range of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and in the coverage range of the main beam, determining an azimuth angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset azimuth angle threshold, and determining a pitch angle interval between the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to a preset pitch angle threshold.
4. The method for calibrating the array antenna according to claim 3, wherein the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated comprises: the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated.
5. The method for calibrating the array antenna according to claim 4, wherein the determining the distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated comprises:
calculating a distance threshold value between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the diameter and the working wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated, wherein the distance threshold value is 2D2λ, where D represents the diameter of the array antenna to be calibrated, and λ represents the operating wavelength of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and determining a distance interval between the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated according to the distance threshold.
6. The method for calibrating the array antenna according to claim 5, wherein the controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at the fixed point in the air according to the second location information so that the beacon is located at the second location indicated by the second location information comprises:
controlling the aircraft carrying the beacon to take off in a preset direction in the distance interval;
acquiring real-time position information of the beacon;
calculating a real-time azimuth angle and a real-time pitch angle of the beacon and the array surface normal direction of the array antenna to be calibrated according to the real-time position information of the beacon and the first position information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
and adjusting the flight attitude of the aircraft according to the real-time azimuth angle and the real-time pitch angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated until the real-time azimuth angle of the normal direction of the array surface of the beacon and the array antenna to be calibrated is within the azimuth angle interval and the real-time pitch angle is within the pitch angle interval, and controlling the aircraft to hover at a fixed point in the air.
7. The method for calibrating an array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the calibrating, at the second position, each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon comprises:
receiving first test signals transmitted by each transmitting channel of the array antenna to be calibrated at the second position, and analyzing and calculating the first test signals to obtain amplitude compensation parameters and phase compensation parameters of the corresponding transmitting channels;
transmitting a second test signal to the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position, acquiring the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated, and analyzing and calculating the second test signal received by each receiving channel of the array antenna to be calibrated to obtain an amplitude compensation parameter and a phase compensation parameter of the corresponding receiving channel;
and sending the amplitude compensation parameters of all transmitting channels, the phase compensation parameters of all transmitting channels, the amplitude compensation parameters of all receiving channels and the phase compensation parameters of all receiving channels to the array antenna to be calibrated.
8. An apparatus for calibrating an array antenna, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring first position information and characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
the determining module is used for determining second position information of the beacon according to the first position information and the characteristic information of the array antenna to be calibrated;
the control module is used for controlling the aircraft to fly with the beacon and hover at a fixed point in the air according to the second position information so that the beacon is located at a second position indicated by the second position information;
and the calibration module is used for calibrating each channel of the array antenna to be calibrated by using the beacon at the second position.
9. An apparatus comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1-7 when executing the program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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