CN109765532A - Remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane receives the long-range calibration device and method of system - Google Patents
Remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane receives the long-range calibration device and method of system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109765532A CN109765532A CN201811475743.9A CN201811475743A CN109765532A CN 109765532 A CN109765532 A CN 109765532A CN 201811475743 A CN201811475743 A CN 201811475743A CN 109765532 A CN109765532 A CN 109765532A
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Abstract
The present invention provides the long-range calibration device and method of a kind of remote sensing satellite reception system based on unmanned plane, receives system to remote sensing satellite and sends calibration test signal, including unmanned plane, calibration equipment and remote control apparatus, unmanned plane is for carrying the calibration equipment；Calibration equipment includes Radio Beacon and beacon antenna, and the Radio Beacon generates the calibration test signal for meeting calibration frequency requirement, is sent to remote sensing satellite by beacon antenna and receives system；Remote control apparatus is for being arranged calibration frequency, and control unmanned plane lets setting height fly away, and setting time of hovering.Above-mentioned calibration device and Calibration Method can satisfy various different demands system calibration task, deployment it is flexible, simple and direct practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to satellite data reception technique fields, more particularly, to a kind of remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane
The long-range calibration device and method of reception system.
Background technique
With the progress of in-depth and earth observation technology to earth resource and the understanding of environment, remote sensing satellite star ground chain
The rate of information throughput that road needs is higher and higher, for example, using S frequency range, (practical application is mainly remote sensing satellite from present
2.2GHz to 2.3GHz), X frequency range (practical application is mainly 8GHz-9GHz) be changed into using Ka frequency range carry out star data pass
The defeated developing direction for just becoming space flight work.China also will use Ka frequency range on low rail remote sensing satellite, and (practical application mainly collects
In in 25GHz-27.5GHz) down-transmitting data.
The calibration test of remote sensing satellite data receiving system is essential technology ring in system development and test process
Section, existing Calibration Method is, open apart from remote sensing satellite antenna field of view, there is no the places blocked to establish calibration tower,
Calibration tower restocking is marked with school signal source.By the signal transmission between the antenna and calibration signal source, calibration is carried out to antenna
Test.
Currently, remote sensing satellite data receiving system is mainly X, S frequency range, and calibration tower is also to carry out for X, S frequency range
The problem of designing, therefore after ground receiving system working frequency range is promoted to Ka frequency range, facing two aspects:
(1) using the fixed calibration tower of existing X, S frequency range apart from the upper far field demand for not being able to satisfy Ka frequency range, Ka frequency
Band frequency is much higher than X, S frequency range, and the distance for needing to be arranged calibration tower is much larger than the distance of the calibration tower for X, S frequency range；
(2) many difficulties are also faced as created fixed Ka frequency range calibration tower:
Firstly, cannot exist in calibration source and the transmission path between antenna and block on the basis of meeting required distance,
Visual field is open, this just determines that the addressing that calibration tower is built in project implementing process is difficult.
Second, if newly-built Ka frequency range calibration tower, the problem of also meeting, it is big to face engineering construction difficulty, high construction cost, and
And also need to put into not low maintenance cost (such as construction power supply line, everyday devices maintenance etc.) after building up.
Therefore, based on various factors, the possibility that Practical Project is built almost without newly-built Ka frequency range calibration tower.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention, which provides one kind, to carry out calibration to the remote sensing satellite of X/S/Ka frequency range, especially
System remote calibration dress is received to the remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane of low orbit satellite Ka frequency range data receiver system remote calibration
It sets and method.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of long-range calibration dress of remote sensing satellite reception system based on unmanned plane is provided
It sets, including unmanned plane, calibration equipment and remote control apparatus, in which: unmanned plane, for carrying the calibration equipment；Calibration is set
Standby, including Radio Beacon and beacon antenna, the Radio Beacon generates the calibration test signal for meeting calibration frequency requirement, passes through beacon
Antenna is sent to remote sensing satellite and receives system；Calibration frequency is arranged in remote control apparatus, and it is high that control unmanned plane lets setting fly away
Degree, and setting time of hovering.
Preferably, the Radio Beacon includes radio-frequency signal generator, power supply and signal processor, and the radiofrequency signal occurs
Device includes two-stage phaselocked loop.
Moreover it is preferred that power supply and the setting of signal processor same layer or different layers setting in the Radio Beacon, when the electricity
When source and signal processor same layer are arranged, the circuit board to board connector of the circuit board of fixed power source and fixed signal processor into
Row connection.
Furthermore it is preferred that for fixed RF signal generator, the muti-piece of power supply and signal processor in the Radio Beacon
Circuit board is multilayer circuit board, and the circuit board of fixed RF signal uses composite multi-layer circuit board, and upper layer is low-loss impedance
Plate is used for transmission radiofrequency signal, and lower layer is glass-fiber-plate, is used for routing power and data line.
Preferably, the shell of the Radio Beacon uses the structure of two sides cavity intermediate interlayer, and cavity on one side is for arranging
Radio-frequency signal generator, the cavity of another side is for arranging power supply and signal processor.
Preferably, the beacon antenna is made of the micro-strip and substrate of transmitting-receiving microwave signal.
Furthermore it is preferred that the remote sensing satellite receive system include antenna feeder subsystem, antenna mount control subsystem and
HF receiving subsystem is tracked, the antenna feeder subsystem includes parabola antenna and antenna feed；The antenna mount controls subsystem
Including antenna mount, antenna control unit and antenna driving unit；The tracking HF receiving subsystem include combining signal amplifier,
Poor road signal amplifier, channel synthesis network, the first low-converter, the second low-converter, track receiver and demodulator,
In, parabola antenna reflect and converged in paraboloidal focus, antenna feed to the electromagnetic wave signal of satellite launch
The focal point of parabola antenna is arranged in source, for the signal energy for converging to parabolic focus all to be collected, antenna
Feed is combined channel and generates combining signal, and poor paths generate poor road signal, and the combining signal includes data information, the letter
Number be sent into combining signal amplifier in amplify, through the second low-converter be sent into demodulator export the satellite number after being demodulated
According to, the difference road signal includes the information that antenna deviates receiving direction, which is sent into the signal amplifier of poor road and amplifies,
The combining signal and poor road signal being exaggerated are modulated to signal all the way by phase measurements in channel synthesis network, the road signal
It is sent into the first low-converter and carries out frequency conversion, become intermediate-freuqncy signal, the signal after frequency conversion is sent into track receiver, is connect by tracking
Receipts machine is demodulated to recover error signal, and error signal is sent into antenna control unit, and antenna control unit is according to the error
Signal generates angular deviation instruction, and antenna driving unit is sent into angular deviation instruction, and antenna driving unit is adjusted according to the instruction
Antenna mount rotation, make antenna alignment receiving direction, thus realize antenna to satellite automatically track and data receiver.
According to another aspect of the present invention, provide it is a kind of using above-mentioned calibration device to remote sensing satellite receive system mark
The method in school characterized by comprising
The liberation point and remote sensing satellite for determining unmanned plane receive at a distance from system, and the distance is not less than 0.25R,
R=2 × D2÷λ
Wherein, R is the distance for being antenna to far-field region boundary, and D is the physics bore of antenna, and λ is operation wavelength；
Determine unmanned plane lets height fly away, comprising: receives system according at least covering S, X, Ka different frequency range remote sensing satellite
The main lobe of antenna and the first minor lobe beam angle determine the pitch angle of Radio Beacon, according to the liberation point and remote sensing satellite of unmanned plane
The distance and pitch angle of reception system determine the height that unmanned plane is let fly away；
The calibration frequency of Radio Beacon is set, Radio Beacon and beacon antenna are fixed on unmanned plane, unmanned plane arrival is let fly away
Point lets unmanned plane fly away required for test height by remote control apparatus, and hovers over the location point of the height；
Radio Beacon sends the calibration frequency calibration by beacon antenna and tests signal.
Preferably, further includes:
Remote sensing satellite receives the GPS positioning data that system remote obtains unmanned plane, calculates the day that remote sensing satellite receives system
The relative bearing and pitch angle of line and unmanned plane；
The antenna that remote sensing satellite receives system searches out calibration test signal, completes antenna to the preliminary right of calibration test signal
It is quasi-；
Adjust azimuth and the pitch angle of the antenna of remote sensing satellite reception system, it is ensured that the signal received reaches maximum
Value, completion precisely align beacon antenna.
It is further preferred that further include:
After the antenna that adjustment remote sensing satellite receives system precisely aligns beacon antenna, the conjunction that remote sensing satellite receives system is carried out
Road signal path and poor road signal path phase calibration and far-field pattern test, comprising:
Control channel synthesizes network and carries out phasescan, and the phase for obtaining combining signal path and poor road signal path is inclined
Difference, setting phase shift synthesize the phase shift value in network, will be combined the phase alignment of signal path and poor road signal path；
The antenna that control remote sensing satellite receives system is setting the calibration test signal received in orientation and pitch orientation
Determine to be scanned in angular range, detects and be combined the amplitude of the output signal of signal amplifier and poor road signal amplifier at any time
Between the figure that changes, show that calibration tests signal amplitude with the figure of angle change by the relationship of time and antenna scanning angular speed
Shape is antenna radiation pattern, wherein the setting range at least cover different frequency range antenna main lobe and the first minor lobe wave beam it is wide
Degree.
Beneficial effect
The long-range calibration device that the above-mentioned remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane receives system is packaged type calibration equipment, is set up
Beacon place is flexible, can satisfy the system calibration task of various different demands, and deployment is flexibly, simple and direct practical, and practical calibration is surveyed
The effect of examination is good, and avoids setting Ka frequency range and remotely fix a series of problems that calibration device must solve, and reduces and grinds
Construction cost processed.
Detailed description of the invention
By reference to following specific embodiments and the content of claims and in conjunction with attached drawing, other mesh of the invention
And result will be more apparent and should be readily appreciated that.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the long-range calibration device of system is received the present invention is based on the remote sensing satellite of unmanned plane；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the remote sensing satellite parameters remote Calibration Method the present invention is based on unmanned plane；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of radio-frequency signal generator of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the shell of Radio Beacon of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of beacon antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that remote sensing satellite of the present invention receives system.
In the accompanying drawings, identical appended drawing reference indicates similar or corresponding feature or function.
Specific embodiment
In the following description, for purposes of illustration, it in order to provide the comprehensive understanding to one or more embodiments, explains
Many details are stated.It may be evident, however, that these embodiments can also be realized without these specific details.
In other examples, one or more embodiments for ease of description, well known structure and equipment are shown in block form an.
Each embodiment according to the present invention is described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the long-range calibration device of system is received the present invention is based on the remote sensing satellite of unmanned plane, such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, the calibration device 1 to remote sensing satellite receive system 100 (Fig. 2 shows) send calibration test signal, including unmanned plane 10,
Calibration equipment 20 and remote control apparatus 30, in which:
Unmanned plane 10, for carrying the calibration equipment 20；
Calibration equipment 20, including Radio Beacon 21 and beacon antenna 22, the generation of Radio Beacon 21 meet calibration frequency requirement
Calibration test signal, by beacon antenna 22 be sent to remote sensing satellite receive system
Calibration frequency is arranged in remote control apparatus 30, and control unmanned plane 10 lets setting height fly away, and hovers when setting
Between.
The method that system carries out calibration test is received to remote sensing satellite using above-mentioned calibration device, as shown in Figure 2, comprising:
The liberation point B of unmanned plane is determined at a distance from the position A that remote sensing satellite receives system 100, the distance is not less than
0.25R, wherein
R=2 × D2÷λ
Wherein: R is the distance for being antenna to far-field region boundary, and D is the physics bore of antenna, and λ is operation wavelength, preferably
Ground, the distance is within the scope of 0.25R~0.5R；
Determine unmanned plane lets height fly away, as shown in Fig. 2, C is to meet certain distance and requirement for height unmanned plane hovering point,
The determination of unmanned plane hovering point C includes: the main lobe that system antenna is received according at least covering S, X, Ka different frequency range remote sensing satellite
And first minor lobe beam angle determine the pitch angle of Radio Beacon, system is received according to the liberation point of unmanned plane and remote sensing satellite
Distance and pitch angle determine the height that unmanned plane is let fly away, as shown in table 1 below
Table 1
Wherein, R refers to 12 meters of aperture antennas in the far field operation distance of corresponding band, and L1 is 1/ used in practical projects
4 far fields can be considered as the requirement for having dependence test close to far field condition when beacon and tested antenna distance are greater than this value,
L2 is 1/2 far field used in practical projects, and ∠ A is the pitch angle demand of tested antenna, to avoid antenna side lobe from being irradiated to
Ground back reflection has an impact, it is therefore desirable to tested antenna be raised to certain angle, H is that the corresponding elevation angle is required in certain distance
Beacon height corresponding to L (within the scope of 0.25R~0.5R)；
The calibration frequency of Radio Beacon is set, Radio Beacon and beacon antenna are fixed on unmanned plane, unmanned plane arrival is let fly away
Point lets unmanned plane fly away required for test height by remote control apparatus, and hovers over the location point of the height；
Radio Beacon sends the calibration frequency calibration by beacon antenna and tests signal.
As shown in Table 1, it is 12 meters that remote sensing satellite, which receives the antenna aperture of system 100, and X working frequency is calculated by 8GHz, Ka
Working frequency is calculated by 26GHz, and it is 1.92 kilometers that the erection demand in antenna 8GHz frequency range far field calibration source, which is minimum range, minimum
Height is 33.5 meters.And in 26GHz frequency range, the frame distance in calibration source is greater than 6 kilometers, and height is then at least more than 100 meters.Therefore
The fixed calibration tower of existing X, S is unable to satisfy the requirement for setting up Ka frequency range calibration source.
Civilian business unmanned plane deployment is utilized flexibly in above-mentioned long-range calibration device 1 and Calibration Method, spy easy to use
Point, it is wirelessly right by rationally reequiping and carrying the calibration Radio Beacon and beacon antenna of miniaturization, light-weight design
Unmanned plane is remotely controlled (remote control apparatus), is controlled and is managed the flight of unmanned plane and obtain the position letter of unmanned plane
Breath, meets the calibration test function of remote sensing satellite data receiving system.The present invention is in the functional requirement for meeting traditional calibration tower
On the basis of be also equipped with the calibration ability of multi-angle, while avoiding many difficulties that newly-built fixed calibration tower is faced, especially
Development and calibration test for Ka frequency range remote sensing satellite data receiving system is very useful.
In one embodiment of the invention, the Radio Beacon 21 includes at radio-frequency signal generator 211, power supply and signal
Device is managed, as shown in figure 3, the radio-frequency signal generator 211 includes two-stage phaselocked loop 2111 and 2112, as independent local vibration source,
It can be realized the frequency stepping of 1MHz, that is to say, that use PLL+PLL mode, i.e. first PLL is as the variable of second PLL
With reference to, it can not only be effectively shielded from that integral boundary is spuious, but also seldom generate useless clutter component, it is spuious with performance of mutually making an uproar
Index is all more excellent, it is preferable that phaselocked loop includes phase discriminator, VCO (voltage controlled oscillator) and loop filter etc..By phase discriminator
It is made into a device with VCO, loop filter is constituted using multiple resistance capacitances in outside, it is further preferred that the locking phase
The size of ring is 6mm × 6mm × 1mm (long * wide * thickness).
Single PLL (phaselocked loop) is the frequency stepping that cannot achieve 1MHz in the prior art, because its integral boundary is spuious
It is difficult to filter out, so beacon module must use polycyclic mode.For polycyclic there are many kinds of combination, it is previous it is more be to make
With hybrid, but because of frequency mixer, filter and amplifier can occupy very big volume, be difficult to realize miniaturization.
In one embodiment of the invention, fixed RF signal generator, power supply and letter are used in the Radio Beacon 21
The muti-piece circuit board of number processor is multilayer circuit board, and the circuit board of fixed RF signal uses composite multi-layer circuit board, upper layer
For low-loss impedance plate (such as RO4350 etc.), it is used for transmission radiofrequency signal, lower layer is glass-fiber-plate (such as FR4), for arranging
Cloth power supply line and data line, two-ply press together to form compound four laminate.
In the above embodiments, as shown in figure 4, the shell of the Radio Beacon preferably uses two sides cavity intermediate interlayer
Structure, cavity on one side is for arranging radio-frequency signal generator, and the cavity of another side is for arranging power supply and signal processor
(MCU etc.), centre are separated using interlayer, can reduce various interference in this way, reasonably utilize height space.
Preferably, triple layer designs can be used, radio-frequency signal generator is first layer and has metallic spacer layer to separate, power supply
For the second layer, the signal processor as control device is third layer.
Further, it is preferable that power supply and signal processor can be arranged in the Radio Beacon 21 with same layer and different layers are arranged,
In order to enable Radio Beacon minimizes, the height of two cavitys of shell for beacon is in every one side 20mm, therefore by the power supply
It is arranged with signal processor same layer, the circuit board of fixed power source and the circuit board to board connector of fixed signal processor are connected
It connects, not only maintains easily in this way, space can also be maximally utilised.
In one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 5, beacon antenna 22 is by the commonly required antenna holder and knot wanted
Component all saves, and only retains micro-strip 221 and substrate 222 necessary to transmitting-receiving microwave signal, that is to say, that the beacon antenna 22
It is made of the micro-strip 221 and substrate 222 of transmitting-receiving microwave signal, so that beacon antenna lightness.
Preferably, the size of beacon antenna 22 about 50mm × 50mm × 5mm (long * wide * thickness), so that beacon antenna includes
The weight of connector is only within 20g.
Fig. 6 is the composition block diagram that remote sensing satellite of the present invention receives system, as shown in fig. 6, the remote sensing satellite receives system
100 include antenna feeder subsystem 110, antenna mount control subsystem 120 and tracking HF receiving subsystem 130, in which:
The antenna feeder subsystem 110 includes parabola antenna 111 and antenna feed 112；
The antenna mount control subsystem 120 includes antenna mount 121, antenna driving unit 122 and day line traffic control list
Member 123；
The tracking HF receiving subsystem 130 includes combining signal amplifier 131, poor road signal amplifier 132, channel synthesis
Network 133, the first low-converter 134, the second low-converter 135, track receiver 136 and demodulator 137,
Wherein, parabola antenna 111 reflect and converged to paraboloidal to the electromagnetic wave signal of satellite launch
In focus, the focal point of parabola antenna is arranged in antenna feed 112, and the signal energy for that will converge to parabolic focus is complete
Portion collects, and antenna feed is combined channel and generates combining signal, and poor paths generate poor road signal, the combining signal packet
Containing data information, which is sent into combining signal amplifier 131 and amplifies, and is sent into demodulator through the second low-converter 135
137 export the satellite data after being demodulated, and the difference road signal includes the information that antenna deviates receiving direction, which is sent into
It is amplified in poor road signal amplifier 132, the combining signal being exaggerated and poor road signal pass through in channel synthesis network 133
Phase measurements are modulated to signal all the way, which is sent into the first low-converter 134 and carries out frequency conversion, become intermediate-freuqncy signal, become
Signal after frequency is sent into track receiver 136, is demodulated by track receiver 136 to recover error signal, error letter
Number be sent into antenna control unit 123, antenna control unit 123 according to the error signal generate angular deviation instruct, angular deviation
Instruction is sent into 122 yuan of list of antenna driving, and antenna driving unit adjusts antenna mount 121 according to the instruction and rotates, and makes antenna alignment
Receiving direction, thus realize antenna to satellite automatically track and data receiver.
Above-mentioned remote sensing satellite receives the calibration test signal that system 100 receives calibration antenna, the side being aligned to antenna
Method includes:
Remote sensing satellite receives the GPS positioning data that system remote obtains unmanned plane, calculates the day that remote sensing satellite receives system
The relative bearing and pitch angle of line and unmanned plane；
The antenna that remote sensing satellite receives system searches out calibration test signal, completes antenna to the preliminary right of calibration test signal
It is quasi-；
Adjust azimuth and the pitch angle of the antenna of remote sensing satellite reception system, it is ensured that the signal received reaches maximum
Value, completion precisely align beacon antenna.
The tracking channel and the synthesis of poor circulation passage for tracking HF receiving subsystem 130 need to carry out phase-modulation, and with road and difference
Road signal can generate certain phase deviation because a variety of causes generates Sensor gain and phase perturbations before phase-modulation.This phase deviation meeting
Orientation/pitching cross-coupling is caused to deteriorate, i.e., the poor channel Pitch signal of tracking HF receiving subsystem 130 and bearing signal are mutually folded
Add, causes system not realize normally and automatically track.Therefore the antenna that adjustment remote sensing satellite receives system precisely aligns beacon day
After line, combining signal path and poor road signal path phase calibration that remote sensing satellite receives system are carried out, comprising: control channel is closed
Phasescan is carried out at network, obtains the phase deviation of combining signal path and poor road signal path, setting phase shift synthesizes network
In phase shift value, the phase alignment of signal path and poor road signal path will be combined.
Antenna radiation pattern refers to that at a certain distance from from antenna, the relative field strength (normalization modulus value) of radiation field becomes with direction
The figure of change, generalling use through two orthogonal plane patterns in antenna greatest irradiation direction indicates.Pass through
Pattern measurement it can be concluded that a series of important indicator of antenna, such as: antenna main lobe width, the first sidelobe level, poor lobe
Zero is deep, and antenna gain etc. is calculated by 3dB10dB Bandwidth Method.Therefore, the antenna of adjustment remote sensing satellite reception system is accurate
After being directed at beacon antenna, far-field pattern test is carried out, comprising: control remote sensing satellite receives the antenna of system in orientation and pitching
Direction is scanned the calibration test signal received within the scope of set angle, and detection is in combining signal amplifier and poor road
The figure that the amplitude of the output signal of signal amplifier changes over time is obtained by time and the relationship of antenna scanning angular speed
It is antenna radiation pattern that calibration, which tests signal amplitude with the figure of angle change, wherein the setting range at least covers difference
The main lobe of band antenna and the first minor lobe beam angle.
In the above embodiments, unmanned plane 10 carries light as the carrying platform for having positioning function in calibration device 1
The S/X/Ka frequency range Radio Beacon 21 and beacon antenna 11 of Quantitative design, it is preferable that business general small-size rotary wind type unmanned plane is used,
Such as professional photography and vedio recording unmanned plane etc..Consider from applicability angle, unmanned plane needs to meet Civil Aviation Administration of China's flight
Standard department work out " civilian unmanned plane driver management provide " defined class ii unmanned plane requirement (take-off weight≤7kg,
Flight certificate administration is not needed in the dense area's flight of the inhuman mouth in field according to the relevant regulations class ii unmanned plane of Civil Aviation Administration)；
For the function and performance of unmanned plane, in conjunction with actual use demand, unmanned aerial vehicle platform will have GPS positioning function, and meet one
Fixed flying height, precision of hovering and cruise duration.GPS positioning function is typically all it for general professional unmanned plane
Basic function and flying height is generally attained by 1 km or more, therefore subsequent content no longer specifically describes.The hovering of unmanned plane
Precision will directly determine the stability of unmanned plane hovering position, and influence the stability of signal received by receiving antenna indirectly.
For the position calibration of solution required for the present invention, calibration device is required during phase calibration and Pattern measurement and is being tested
Holding position and signal stabilization in the process.In addition, then needing the cruise duration of the single of unmanned plane to guarantee at least to complete one group of survey
Examination.
The present invention uses rotary wind type unmanned plane, convenient for hovering over certain designated position to replace the effect in fixed calibration source.
Therefore, this just has certain technical requirements to the hovering precision of unmanned plane, it is preferable that according to the beam angle of antenna and calibration
The distance of equipment come determine at different conditions to unmanned plane hovering required precision, wherein beam angle be 70* λ/D, example
Such as, the hovering precision of unmanned plane is within the scope of the setting ratio of the range of exposures of antenna beam, specifically, as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
| Antenna diameter (m) | Frequency point GHz | R(km) | L(km) | Beam angle (°) | Irradiating width (m) |
| 12 | 2.25 | 2.16 | 0.54 | 0.78 | 7.3 |
| 12 | 8 | 7.68 | 1.92 | 0.22 | 7.3 |
| 12 | 26 | 24.96 | 6.24 | 0.07 | 7.3 |
Calculated according to upper meter as a result, by taking 12 meters of antennas as an example, in L=1/4R the range of exposures of antenna beam less than 8 meters,
If only considered in a half range of main beam width, also nearly 4 meters of range of exposures, that is, to beacon signal hunting range
It is required that in the circle that diameter is 4 meters, it may be assumed that unmanned plane hovering required precision ± 2m.
For the cruise duration of unmanned plane, since single calibration or testing time are generally 20 minutes or so, so meeting
Actual use demand and the carrying ability for combining unmanned plane, it is desirable that unmanned plane single cruise duration >=30 minute.In addition, by more
The mode for changing battery can achieve extension net cycle time, to complete multiple groups test.
In one embodiment of the invention, calibration device 1 is tested, in which:
Working frequency range: 2200~2300MHz (S)；7750~9000MHz (X)；25GHz~27.5GHz (Ka)
Calibration signal transmission power:
S frequency range: >=0dBm
X frequency range: >=﹢ 5dBm
Ka frequency range: >=﹢ 15dBm
Frequency stepping: 1MHz
Calibration device 1 receives the single carrier calibration signal strength such as following table that system sends calibration test signal to remote sensing satellite
3
Table 3
The calibration test signal arrival antenna field of this calibration device 1 puts inlet level can be with >=-62dBm, so that satellite
Signal is stronger when signal reaches system, and putting inlet level range in reception system field can be in -62.2dBm~-78.1dBm.
1 transmission power of calibration device is at least able to satisfy 1/2 far field condition simultaneously.
Although content disclosed above shows exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it should be noted that without departing substantially from power
Under the premise of benefit requires the range limited, it may be many modifications and modify.According to the side of inventive embodiments described herein
Function, step and/or the movement of method claim are not required to the execution of any particular order.In addition, although element of the invention can
It is unless explicitly limited individual element it is also contemplated that having multiple elements to be described or be required in the form of individual.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of remote sensing satellite based on unmanned plane receives the long-range calibration device of system, including calibration equipment, which is characterized in that
It further include unmanned plane and remote control apparatus, in which:
Unmanned plane, for carrying the calibration equipment；
Calibration equipment, including Radio Beacon and beacon antenna, the Radio Beacon generate the calibration test letter for meeting calibration frequency requirement
Number, remote sensing satellite is sent to by beacon antenna and receives system；
Calibration frequency is arranged in remote control apparatus, and control unmanned plane lets setting height fly away, and setting time of hovering.
2. calibration device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Radio Beacon includes radio-frequency signal generator, electricity
Source and signal processor, the radio-frequency signal generator include two-stage phaselocked loop.
3. calibration device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that power supply and signal processor same layer in the Radio Beacon
Setting or different layers setting, when the power supply and the setting of signal processor same layer, the circuit board and fixed signal of fixed power source
The circuit board to board connector of processor is attached.
4. calibration device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that occur in the Radio Beacon for fixed RF signal
The muti-piece circuit board of device, power supply and signal processor is multilayer circuit board, and the circuit board of fixed RF signal uses composite multi-layer
Circuit board, upper layer are low-loss impedance plate, are used for transmission radiofrequency signal, and lower layer is glass-fiber-plate, are used for routing power sum number
According to line.
5. the calibration device according to any claim in claim 2~4, which is characterized in that the shell of the Radio Beacon
Body uses the structure of two sides cavity intermediate interlayer, and cavity on one side is for arranging that radio-frequency signal generator, the cavity of another side are used
In arrangement power supply and signal processor.
6. calibration device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the beacon antenna by transmitting-receiving microwave signal micro-strip
It is formed with substrate.
7. calibration device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it includes that antenna feeder point is that the remote sensing satellite, which receives system,
System, antenna mount control subsystem and tracking HF receiving subsystem, the antenna feeder subsystem includes parabola antenna and antenna feed
Source；The antenna mount control subsystem includes antenna mount, antenna control unit and antenna driving unit；The tracking receives
Subsystem includes combining signal amplifier, poor road signal amplifier, channel synthesis network, the first low-converter, the second down coversion
Device, track receiver and demodulator, wherein parabola antenna reflect and assembled to the electromagnetic wave signal of satellite launch
Onto paraboloidal focus, the focal point of parabola antenna is arranged in antenna feed, for that will converge to the letter of parabolic focus
Number energy all collects, and antenna feed is combined channel and generates combining signal, and poor paths generate poor road signal, the conjunction
Road signal includes data information, which is sent into combining signal amplifier and amplifies, be sent into and demodulate through the second low-converter
Device exports the satellite data after being demodulated, and the difference road signal includes the information that antenna deviates receiving direction, which is sent into
It is amplified in poor road signal amplifier, the combining signal being exaggerated and poor road signal are closed in channel synthesis network by phase
At signal all the way is modulated to, which is sent into the first low-converter and carries out frequency conversion, becomes intermediate-freuqncy signal, the signal after frequency conversion
It is sent into track receiver, is demodulated by track receiver to recover error signal, error signal is sent into day line traffic control list
Member, antenna control unit generate angular deviation according to the error signal and instruct, and antenna driving unit, day are sent into angular deviation instruction
Line driving unit adjusts antenna mount rotation according to the instruction, makes antenna alignment receiving direction, to realize antenna to satellite
It automatically tracks and data receiver.
8. a kind of receive the method that system carries out calibration to remote sensing satellite using calibration device described in claim 1, feature exists
In, comprising:
The liberation point and remote sensing satellite for determining unmanned plane receive at a distance from system, and the distance is not less than 0.25R
R=2 × D2÷λ
Wherein, R is the distance for being antenna to far-field region boundary, and D is the physics bore of antenna, and λ is operation wavelength；
Determine unmanned plane lets height fly away, comprising: receives system antenna according at least covering S, X, Ka different frequency range remote sensing satellite
Main lobe and the first minor lobe beam angle determine the pitch angle of Radio Beacon, received according to the liberation point of unmanned plane and remote sensing satellite
The distance and pitch angle of system determine the height that unmanned plane is let fly away；
The calibration frequency of Radio Beacon is set, Radio Beacon and beacon antenna are fixed on unmanned plane, unmanned plane reaches liberation point, leads to
It crosses remote control apparatus and lets unmanned plane fly away required for test height, and hover over the location point of the height；
Radio Beacon sends the calibration frequency calibration by beacon antenna and tests signal.
9. the method for calibration according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include:
Remote sensing satellite receive system remote obtain unmanned plane GPS positioning data, calculate remote sensing satellite receive system antenna with
The relative bearing and pitch angle of unmanned plane；
The antenna that remote sensing satellite receives system searches out calibration test signal, completes preliminary alignment of the antenna to calibration test signal；
Adjust azimuth and the pitch angle of the antenna of remote sensing satellite reception system, it is ensured that the signal received reaches maximum value, complete
At precisely aligning beacon antenna.
10. the method for calibration according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include:
After the antenna that adjustment remote sensing satellite receives system precisely aligns beacon antenna, the combining letter that remote sensing satellite receives system is carried out
Number channel and poor road signal path phase calibration and far-field pattern test, comprising:
Control channel synthesizes network and carries out phasescan, obtains the phase deviation of combining signal path and poor road signal path, if
The phase shift value in phase shift synthesis network is set, the phase alignment of signal path and poor road signal path will be combined；
The antenna that control remote sensing satellite receives system tests signal in set angle to the calibration received in orientation and pitch orientation
It is scanned in degree range, the amplitude detected in the output signal of combining signal amplifier and poor road signal amplifier becomes at any time
The figure of change, by the relationship of time and antenna scanning angular speed obtain calibration test signal amplitude with angle change figure i.e.
For antenna radiation pattern, wherein the setting range at least covers the main lobe and the first minor lobe beam angle of different frequency range antenna.
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| CN112433237B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2023-04-07 | 广州肯赛特通信科技有限公司 | Automatic satellite tracking method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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